Classification treatment device for building construction waste materials

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and discloses a building construction waste material classification treatment device which comprises a wet separation pool and a separation conveying mechanism. A partition plate is arranged in the wet separation tank and divides the interior of the wet separation tank into two independent wet separation areas, magnetite suspension liquid is stored in the wet separation areas, and the magnetite suspension liquid is used for enabling waste materials with different densities to suspend at different depths in the wet separation areas. By means of the design, magnetite suspension liquid can be used for enabling waste materials with different densities to suspend in different areas, then the salvage mechanism is used for salvaging the waste materials at different depths, and the salvaged waste materials are transferred to the sorting and conveying mechanism and finally conveyed to different positions to be stored or participate in the next procedure. And the waste can be accurately collected, classified and transferred based on the waste density, automatic work is achieved, and operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a device for classifying and processing building construction waste materials. Background Art

[0002] Construction waste usually includes concrete, bricks, wood, plastic, etc., with large differences in density, which poses a challenge to sorting technology. Traditional dry sorting, such as vibrating screens and airflow sorting, may not be effective for materials with similar densities, especially when there are contaminants on the surface of the waste. Although wet sorting, such as hydrocyclones or flotation, can improve accuracy, existing equipment may have limitations in dynamic adjustment and precise salvage, and cannot effectively handle materials of different densities, resulting in low recycling efficiency and waste of resources.

[0003] With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid development of the construction industry, the amount of construction waste generated has increased year by year. According to statistics, construction demolition waste usually contains 30-60% recyclable aggregates such as concrete, masonry, and valuable components such as metals and wood. Traditional sorting technology mainly adopts a combination of dry sorting (such as vibration screening, magnetic separation, airflow sorting, etc.) and wet sorting, but there are obvious limitations when dealing with heterogeneous materials with similar density or pollutants attached to the surface. In particular, for complex waste mixed with lightweight plastics, wood and heavy concrete fragments, existing wet sorting equipment mostly uses fixed hydrocyclones or static flotation tanks, which are difficult to dynamically adjust the sorting parameters according to the real-time density distribution of the material, resulting in insufficient sorting accuracy (usually less than 75%) and serious loss of fine particles (the loss rate of materials with a particle size <5mm is 15-30%). At the same time, traditional equipment generally has problems such as poor positioning accuracy of salvage devices (more than ±50mm) and inability to achieve precise extraction of density gradient stratification, resulting in low resource recovery rate and secondary pollution risks. Therefore, it is urgent to develop dynamic wet sorting equipment with intelligent identification and adaptive adjustment functions to improve the resource utilization rate of construction waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a device for classifying and processing construction waste materials.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme: a device for classifying and processing construction waste materials comprises a wet selection tank and a sorting and conveying mechanism.

[0006] A partition is provided in the wet selection tank, which divides the wet selection tank into two independent wet selection areas. Magnetite suspension is stored in the wet selection area. The magnetite suspension is used to suspend waste materials of different densities at different depths in the wet selection area.

[0007] A waste salvaging mechanism is provided in the wet selection area, and the waste salvaging mechanism is used to scoop up wastes of different densities in the wet selection area and transport them to the corresponding sorting and transporting mechanisms.

[0008] The sorting and conveying mechanism is used to sort waste materials of different densities. Two groups of the sorting and conveying mechanism are arranged and distributed on both sides of the wet selection tank. The sorting and conveying mechanism can convey waste materials in two directions.

[0009] Through the above design, the present invention can use magnetite suspension to suspend waste materials of different densities in different areas, then use a salvage mechanism to salvage the waste materials at different depths, and transfer the salvaged waste materials to a sorting and conveying mechanism and finally transport them to different locations for storage or to participate in the next process.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the waste salvage mechanism includes two groups of salvage units symmetrically arranged in the wet selection area, and the salvage unit includes a mounting frame, a mounting plate fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting frame, a rotating filter plate rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and a rotating drive module driving the rotating filter plate to rotate;

[0011] The waste salvaging mechanism can facilitate the passage of materials, and when the two sets of salvaging units are in a horizontal position, the materials can be salvaged smoothly by lifting the whole unit.

[0012] Two sets of lifting drive modules for driving the installation frame to lift are also installed on the pool wall of the wet selection pool.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the lifting drive module includes a fixed base plate, a top plate connected to the fixed base plate, and a driving motor installed on the top plate. The output shaft of the driving motor is linked to a winding column through a reducer, and a pulling rope 2 is wound around the winding column. The end of the pulling rope 2 is connected to the mounting frame, and the pulling rope 2 in the two groups of lifting drive modules are respectively connected to the two ends of the mounting frame.

[0014] The lifting drive module can effectively drive the rotary filter plate and the corresponding installation frame to lift, and by controlling the operation of the rotary drive modules on different sides, the rotary filter plate can be tilted, thereby facilitating the transfer of the salvaged waste.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the rotary drive module includes a retractable wheel arranged in an installation frame, a waterproof motor driving the retractable wheel to rotate, and a pulling rope wrapped around the retractable wheel, one end of which passes through the installation frame and is connected to the movable end of the rotating filter plate.

[0016] By rotating the drive module, the position of the rotating filter plate can be changed, making it convenient for the two sets of salvage units to work together. When the two are in a horizontal pile, they can be salvaged as a whole. When the two are in an inclined state, the waste can rise and fall freely in the wet selection tank, and eventually float at different depths due to density, so as to facilitate subsequent classification and salvage recovery.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a groove is opened in the middle position of the rotating filter plate, and a shaking plate is rotatably connected in the groove. The side of the shaking plate close to the movable end of the rotating filter plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and a driving member connected to the movable end of the shaking plate is provided in the mounting frame, and the output end of the driving member is movably connected to the shaking plate.

[0018] The advantage of setting up a shaking plate is that it makes unloading more convenient.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a sandwich is provided on the top of the partition, and several groups of density adjustment mechanisms are installed in the sandwich. The density adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the density of the magnetite suspension in the two wet selection areas, so that the salvage mechanism can salvage wastes of different densities at the same depth.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the density adjustment mechanism includes a liquid pump arranged in the interlayer, the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid pump are connected to infusion tubes, the ends of the infusion tubes are immersed below the liquid surface of the magnetite suspension, and a filtering mechanism is installed at the end of the infusion tube, which is used to filter the magnetite powder.

[0021] The purpose of adjusting the density of the suspension is achieved by changing the amount of powder and water in the suspension. The operation is automated and easy to control.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the liquid pump is a centrifugal pump, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends can be interchanged by changing the rotation direction of the liquid pump motor. A branch pipe is connected to the middle of the infusion tube, and an electromagnetic valve is provided at the connection between the branch pipe and the infusion tube.

[0023] Through the above scheme, bidirectional adjustment can be facilitated, so that the density of the suspension in the two wet selection tanks is different, so as to facilitate more refined classification of materials according to density.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the filtering mechanism includes a filter cartridge, a connecting sleeve movably mounted on the outside of the filter cartridge, a cylindrical filter cloth installed in the filter cartridge, and an end cap detachable from the end of the filter cartridge, the end cap being provided with a through hole, the end cap being spirally connected to the filter cartridge and being able to press and fix the filter cloth, the connecting sleeve being spirally connected to the end of the infusion tube, and the top end face of the filter cartridge being in sealing contact with the bottom end face of the infusion tube.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the sorting and conveying mechanism includes a conveying frame, a plurality of conveying rollers installed on the conveying frame, and an annular conveying belt sleeved on the outside of the plurality of conveying rollers, and the conveying rollers are columnar structures with thick ends and thin middle.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The classification processing equipment proposed by the present invention includes a wet selection tank and a sorting and conveying mechanism. The wet selection tank is provided with two independent wet selection areas, in which magnetite suspension is stored, and a waste salvaging mechanism is also provided in the wet selection area, which is used to salvage wastes of different densities in the wet selection area and convey them to the corresponding sorting and conveying mechanism, and the sorting and conveying mechanism is used to sort wastes of different densities.

[0028] Through the above-mentioned design, the present invention can utilize magnetite suspension to suspend waste materials of different densities in different areas, then utilize a salvage mechanism to salvage the waste materials at different depths, and transfer the salvaged waste materials to a sorting and conveying mechanism and finally transport them to different locations for storage or to participate in the next process. The waste materials can be accurately collected, classified and transferred based on their density, and the work is automated, which is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the classification processing device proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the wet separation tank and its internal and external structures proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A top view of the structure in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified image of point A;

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged view of point B;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the salvage unit of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of two groups of salvage units in the wet selection area of ​​the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of two groups of salvage units when the rotating filter plate rotates to almost fit the inner wall of the wet selection tank;

[0037] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of two groups of salvage units after they move downward for a certain distance;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of two groups of salvage units of the present invention when they are in horizontal positions in the wet selection area.

[0039] Description of main symbols:

[0040] In the figure: wet selection tank 1, partition 2, wet selection area 101, conveying roller 3, conveying belt 4, sorting and conveying mechanism 5, mounting frame 6, pulling rope 1 7, rotating filter plate 8, retracting wheel 9, driving member 10, hinge seat 1 11, hinge seat 2 12, mounting plate 13, shaking plate 14, infusion tube 15, branch pipe 16, filtering mechanism 17, connecting sleeve 18, end cover 19, filter cloth 20, through hole 21, fixed bottom plate 22, top plate 23, driving motor 24, reducer 25, winding column 26, pulling rope 2 27, liquid pump 28, filter cartridge 29. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] Reference Figure 1-Figure 10 The construction waste material classification and processing device proposed in this scheme includes a wet selection tank 1 and a sorting and conveying mechanism 5. Before the device is used for sorting, the construction waste is first crushed by a crusher and then pre-screened by a vibrating screen to mainly remove excess soil and dust.

[0044] A partition 2 is provided in the wet selection tank 1, which divides the wet selection tank 1 into two independent wet selection areas 101. Magnetite suspension is stored in the wet selection area 101. The magnetite suspension is used to suspend waste materials of different densities at different depths in the wet selection area 101. The specific density of the magnetite suspension is 1.5-2.5g / cm 3 Therefore, it can adapt to the sorting of materials in a wider density range.

[0045] A waste salvaging mechanism is provided in the wet selection area 101 , and the waste salvaging mechanism is used to salvage wastes of different densities in the wet selection area 101 and transport them to the corresponding sorting and transporting mechanism 5 .

[0046] The sorting and conveying mechanism 5 is used to sort waste materials of different densities. Two groups of the sorting and conveying mechanism 5 are provided and distributed on both sides of the wet selection tank 1. The sorting and conveying mechanism 5 can convey waste materials in two directions.

[0047] It is through the above design that magnetite suspension is used to suspend waste materials of different densities in different areas, and then the salvage mechanism is used to salvage the waste materials at different depths, and the salvaged waste materials are transferred to the sorting and conveying mechanism 5 and finally transported to different locations for storage or to participate in the next process.

[0048] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the waste salvage mechanism includes two groups of salvage units symmetrically arranged in the wet selection area 101, and the salvage unit includes a mounting frame 6, a mounting plate 13 fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting frame 6, a rotating filter plate 8 rotatably connected to the mounting plate 13, and a rotating drive module driving the rotating filter plate 8 to rotate;

[0049] Reference Figure 7-10 , the waste salvaging mechanism is in different positions and states, and by changing the position of the salvaging unit, waste at different depths can be salvaged. In specific control, the mounting block 6 can be raised and lowered while the rotating filter plate rotates synchronously, or one of them can be controlled to work separately to achieve different working effects, such as changing the position, salvaging waste at different depths, salvaging the whole and transferring it to the sorting and conveying mechanism.

[0050] The waste salvaging mechanism can facilitate the passage of materials, and when the two sets of salvaging units are in a horizontal position, the materials can be salvaged smoothly by lifting the whole unit.

[0051] Two sets of lifting drive modules for driving the installation frame 6 to lift are also installed on the pool wall of the wet selection pool 1 .

[0052] In this solution, the lifting drive module includes a fixed base plate 22, a top plate 23 connected to the fixed base plate 22, and a driving motor 24 installed on the top plate 23. The output shaft of the driving motor 24 is linked to a winding column 26 through a reducer 25. A pulling rope 27 is wound around the winding column 26. The end of the pulling rope 27 is connected to the mounting frame 6, and the pulling ropes 27 in the two groups of lifting drive modules are respectively connected to the two ends of the mounting frame 6.

[0053] The above-mentioned lifting drive module can effectively drive the rotating filter plate and the corresponding installation frame to rise and fall, and by controlling the operation of the rotating drive modules on different sides, the rotating filter plate can be tilted toward the side of the sorting and conveying mechanism, thereby facilitating the transfer of the salvaged waste.

[0054] More specifically, the rotary drive module includes a retractable wheel 9 arranged in the mounting frame 6, a waterproof motor driving the retractable wheel 9 to rotate, and a pulling rope 7 wound around the retractable wheel 9, one end of the pulling rope 7 passes through the mounting frame 6 and is connected to the movable end of the rotating filter plate 8.

[0055] By rotating the drive module, the position of the rotating filter plate 8 can be changed, so that the two groups of salvage units can work together. When the two are in a horizontal pile, they can be salvaged as a whole. When the two are in an inclined state, the waste can rise and fall freely in the wet selection tank, and finally float at different depths due to density, so as to facilitate subsequent classification and salvage recovery.

[0056] In order to be more practical and convenient, a groove is opened in the middle position of the rotating filter plate 8, and a shaking plate 14 is rotatably connected in the groove. The side of the shaking plate 14 close to the movable end of the rotating filter plate 8 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and a driving member 10 connected to the movable end of the shaking plate 14 is provided in the mounting frame 6, and the output end of the driving member 10 is movably connected to the shaking plate 14.

[0057] The advantage of setting the shaking plate 14 is that it is more convenient to unload. On the one hand, the shaking plate 14 is designed based on the obstruction effect of the pulling rope 7. When the shaking plate 14 is at the same inclination angle as the pulling rope 7, the pulling rope 7 will not hinder the dumping of waste. On the other hand, the use of a movable shaking plate can prevent the material from being stuck in the gap of the filter plate, making the unloading more convenient and faster. At the same time, the shaking plate 14 can move in the suspension to play a certain mixing role, thereby preventing the powder from sinking and causing uneven density of the suspension.

[0058] In this solution, a sandwich is provided on the top of the partition 2, and a plurality of density adjustment mechanisms are installed in the sandwich, and the density adjustment mechanisms are used to adjust the density of the magnetite suspension in the two wet selection areas 101, so that the salvage mechanism salvages wastes of different densities at the same depth. In this way, real-time adjustment can be performed according to different waste conditions, making the applicability of the device better.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The density adjustment mechanism proposed in this scheme includes a liquid pump 28 arranged in the interlayer, the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid pump 28 are connected to a liquid infusion tube 15, the end of the liquid infusion tube 15 is immersed below the liquid surface of the magnetite suspension, and a filtering mechanism 17 is installed at the end of the liquid infusion tube 15, and the filtering mechanism 17 is used to filter the magnetite powder. After the filtered magnetite powder is collected, it is convenient to transfer it centrally, and the powder can be transferred by magnetic separation.

[0060] This solution achieves the purpose of adjusting the density of the suspension by changing the amount of powder and water in the suspension, with automated operation and convenient control.

[0061] For greater convenience of use, the liquid pump 28 is a centrifugal pump. The liquid inlet and outlet ends can be interchanged by changing the rotation direction of the liquid pump motor. The middle of the infusion tube 15 is connected to a branch tube 16, and an electromagnetic valve is provided at the connection between the branch tube 16 and the infusion tube 15. The working mode of the liquid pump 28 can be adjusted through automatic control, so that the liquid pump changes the flow direction of the suspension in the two wet selection areas 101, and the two can be adjusted to each other.

[0062] In this embodiment, the above scheme can facilitate bidirectional adjustment, so that there is a difference in the density of the suspension in the two wet selection tanks, so as to facilitate more refined classification of materials according to density.

[0063] Specifically, the filtering mechanism includes a filter cartridge 29, a connecting sleeve 18 movably mounted on the outside of the filter cartridge 29, a cylindrical filter cloth 20 installed in the filter cartridge 29, and an end cap 19 detachable from the end of the filter cartridge 29. A through hole 21 is provided on the end cap 19. The end cap 19 and the filter cartridge 29 are spirally connected and can press and fix the filter cloth 20. The connecting sleeve 18 and the end of the infusion tube 15 are spirally connected, and the top end face of the filter cartridge 29 and the bottom end face of the infusion tube 15 are in sealing contact.

[0064] In order to facilitate the transportation of waste, the sorting and conveying mechanism 5 includes a conveying frame, a plurality of conveying rollers 3 installed on the conveying frame, and an annular conveyor belt 4 mounted on the outside of the plurality of conveying rollers 3, and the conveying rollers 3 are a columnar structure with thick ends and a thin middle: the above design can concentrate the waste in the middle of the conveyor belt to prevent the waste from falling, and at the same time, the conveying transfer direction of the waste can be changed by changing the rotation direction of the conveying rollers 3.

[0065] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for classifying and processing construction waste materials, characterized in that: It comprises a wet selection tank (1) and a selection and conveying mechanism (5); A partition (2) is arranged in the wet selection tank (1), and the partition (2) divides the wet selection tank (1) into two independent wet selection areas (101). Magnetite suspension is stored in the wet selection area (101), and the magnetite suspension is used to suspend waste materials of different densities at different depths in the wet selection area (101); A waste salvaging mechanism is provided in the wet selection area (101), and the waste salvaging mechanism is used to salvage wastes of different densities in the wet selection area (101) and transport them to corresponding sorting and transporting mechanisms (5); The sorting and conveying mechanism (5) is used to sort waste materials of different densities. Two groups of the sorting and conveying mechanism (5) are provided and distributed on both sides of the wet selection tank (1). The sorting and conveying mechanism (5) can convey waste materials in two directions.

2. The construction waste material classification and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste salvaging mechanism comprises two groups of salvaging units symmetrically arranged in the wet selection area (101), the salvaging units comprising a mounting frame (6), a mounting plate (13) fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting frame (6), a rotating filter plate (8) rotatably connected to the mounting plate (13), and a rotating drive module for driving the rotating filter plate (8) to rotate; Two sets of lifting drive modules for driving the installation frame (6) to lift and lower are also installed on the pool wall of the wet selection pool (1).

3. The device for classifying and processing construction waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive module comprises a fixed bottom plate (22), a top plate (23) connected to the fixed bottom plate (22), and a driving motor (24) mounted on the top plate (23); the output shaft of the driving motor (24) is linked to a winding column (26) through a reducer (25); a pulling rope (27) is wound around the winding column (26); the end of the pulling rope (27) is connected to a mounting frame (6); and the pulling ropes (27) in the two sets of lifting drive modules are respectively connected to the two ends of the mounting frame (6).

4. The device for classifying and processing construction waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive module comprises a retractable wheel (9) arranged in a mounting frame (6), a waterproof motor for driving the retractable wheel (9) to rotate, and a pulling rope (7) wound around the retractable wheel (9), one end of the pulling rope (7) passing through the mounting frame (6) and connected to the movable end of the rotary filter plate (8).

5. The device for classifying and processing construction waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided in the middle of the rotating filter plate (8), a shaking plate (14) is rotatably connected in the groove, a side of the shaking plate (14) close to the movable end of the rotating filter plate (8) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and a driving member (10) connected to the movable end of the shaking plate (14) is provided in the mounting frame (6), and an output end of the driving member (10) is movably connected to the shaking plate (14).

6. The device for classifying and processing construction waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the partition (2) is provided with an interlayer, in which a plurality of density adjustment mechanisms are installed. The density adjustment mechanisms are used to adjust the density of the magnetite suspension in the two wet selection areas (101), so that the salvaging mechanism salvages waste materials of different densities at the same depth.

7. The device for classifying and processing construction waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density adjustment mechanism comprises a liquid pump (28) arranged in the interlayer, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid pump (28) are both connected to a liquid infusion tube (15), the end of the liquid infusion tube (15) is immersed below the liquid surface of the magnetite suspension, and a filtering mechanism (17) is installed at the end of the liquid infusion tube (15), and the filtering mechanism (17) is used to filter the magnetite powder.

8. The device for classifying and processing construction waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid pump (28) is a centrifugal pump, and its liquid inlet and liquid outlet can be interchanged by changing the rotation direction of the liquid pump motor. The middle of the liquid infusion tube (15) is connected to a branch tube (16), and a solenoid valve is provided at the connection between the branch tube (16) and the liquid infusion tube (15).

9. The construction waste material classification and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism comprises a filter cartridge (29), a connecting sleeve (18) movably sleeved on the outside of the filter cartridge (29), a cylindrical filter cloth (20) installed in the filter cartridge (29), and an end cap (19) detachably mounted on the end of the filter cartridge (29); a through hole (21) is provided on the end cap (19); the end cap (19) and the filter cartridge (29) are spirally connected and can press and fix the filter cloth (20); the connecting sleeve (18) and the end of the infusion tube (15) are spirally connected; and the top end surface of the filter cartridge (29) and the bottom end surface of the infusion tube (15) are in sealing contact.

10. The construction waste material classification and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting and conveying mechanism (5) comprises a conveying frame, a plurality of conveying rollers (3) mounted on the conveying frame, and an annular conveying belt (4) sleeved on the outside of the plurality of conveying rollers (3), and the conveying rollers (3) are columnar structures with thick ends and thin middle.

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