Fin part plastic forming die and method of using same

Abstract

The application discloses a tail wing part plastic forming die and a use method thereof, which comprises a lower rotating disc and an upper rotating disc, rotating driving elements are fixedly installed at the centers of the lower rotating disc and the upper rotating disc, support frames are arranged at the right sides of the lower rotating disc and the upper rotating disc, hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed at the top of the support frames, a supporting plate assembly is slidably connected in the support frame, and a feeding assembly is fixedly installed at the rear side of the support frame. Through the rotation of the lower rotating disc and the upper rotating disc, the die assembly can be sequentially transferred to the support frame, then the output end of a cylinder is elongated, the sliding plate is driven to move to the left, the threaded rod is driven to rotate by a second motor, the T-shaped plate and the pushing rod are driven to move forward, the output end of the cylinder is retracted, the two pushing rods move to the right, the upper die seat is pushed into the avoiding groove, and the lower die seat is pushed into the arch-shaped plate I; or the left die seat and the right die seat are pushed into the arch-shaped plate I together; and the application has the advantages of high efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tail wing component processing technology, specifically to a tail wing component plastic forming mold and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] The tail fins of a flight component can control airflow during flight, helping it maintain stability and thus improving accuracy, and to some extent, increasing firing accuracy and range. Simultaneously, the tail fins can reduce kinetic energy loss due to air friction, allowing for more effective target penetration. For example... Figure 1 For example, the tail fin of a flight component has long been formed by machining, resulting in low material utilization, long process flow, and high cost.

[0003] Plastic forming technology typically achieves near-net-shape forming with high material utilization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new plastic forming technologies suitable for aircraft tail fins. In traditional aluminum and magnesium alloy plastic forming processes, multiple heat treatments are usually employed to improve the mechanical properties of the formed parts and meet usage requirements. This increases the process flow, and stress changes during heat treatment can lead to variations in the dimensions and precision of the formed parts, requiring corresponding adjustments to the process, which in turn increases production costs. Furthermore, tail fin-type parts have complex shapes, especially the tail section, which has a large aspect ratio. Material filling during plastic forming is difficult, and the material is easily affected by many factors such as mold structure, surface roughness, the direction of external forces during forming, forming method, and lubrication. These factors further influence the streamline direction, grain size, precipitation and strengthening of multiphases, and texture orientation, ultimately affecting the mechanical properties.

[0004] In summary, manufacturing tail fin parts for aircraft using existing methods requires multiple heat treatments and manual shaping, which cannot meet the requirements of high precision, high performance, and high efficiency, severely impacting their service performance. More importantly, existing methods struggle to achieve short-process and low-cost plastic forming of tail fin parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a plastic forming mold for tail wing parts and its application method, which has advantages such as high processing efficiency and high precision.

[0006] A plastic forming mold for a tail fin part includes a lower turntable and an upper turntable. A rotation drive component is fixedly installed at the center of the lower and upper turntables. A stepped groove 1 is arrayed through the surface of the lower turntable, and a stepped groove 2 is arrayed through the surface of the upper turntable. The stepped groove 1 and stepped groove 2 correspond one-to-one, and the stepped groove 2 is located directly above the stepped groove 1. A support frame is provided on the right side of the lower and upper turntables. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame. A pallet assembly is slidably connected inside the support frame. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is slidably connected to the pallet assembly. A feeding assembly is fixedly installed on the rear side of the support frame. A discharging assembly is slidably connected to the support frame and the pallet assembly. A mold assembly is placed on the lower and upper turntables.

[0007] Preferably, the rotation drive component includes a drive shaft that passes through and is fixed at the center of the lower turntable and the upper turntable. A reducer is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drive shaft, and a motor is fixedly installed at the input end of the reducer. The support frame includes a base that fits against the right side of the lower turntable. Four sets of support rods are fixedly installed on the top of the base. The four sets of support rods are arranged in a matrix. A top plate is fixedly installed on the top of each of the four support rods. A limit ring is fixedly installed in the middle of each support rod. An arched plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the left half of the base.

[0008] Preferably, the pallet assembly includes a pallet body slidably connected to four support rods. The pallet body is located below the limiting ring. An L-shaped support arm is fixedly installed at the top center of the pallet body. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is slidably connected to the horizontal part of the L-shaped support arm. A punch is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. An clearance groove is formed through the upper surface of the left half of the pallet body. An arched plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the left half of the pallet body. A guide groove is formed through the upper surface of the right half of the pallet body. An installation groove is formed through the rear side of the vertical part of the L-shaped support arm.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a side plate fixedly installed on the rear side of the support frame, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the rear side of the side plate, a sliding plate is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the rear side of the side plate, two horizontal arms are fixedly installed on the left side of the sliding plate, a motor is fixedly installed on the rear side of the sliding plate, a threaded rod is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor, a T-shaped plate is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, a threaded hole is opened at the right end of the T-shaped plate, two push rods are fixedly installed on the front side of the left end of the T-shaped plate, the two push rods are respectively slidably connected to the two horizontal arms, and the two push rods are respectively located on the upper side of the lower turntable and the upper turntable.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a slide fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rear half of the base, an L-shaped plate slidably connected to the slide, the vertical portion of the L-shaped plate being slidably connected through a guide groove, a slider slidably connected to the right side of the L-shaped plate, a second cylinder fixedly installed to the right side of the slider, the second cylinder being fixedly installed at the bottom of the pallet body, and a feeding plate slidably connected to the vertical portion of the L-shaped plate, the feeding plate being slidably connected through a mounting groove.

[0011] Preferably, the mold assembly includes a lower mold base and an upper mold base, which are respectively placed in stepped groove one and stepped groove two. The lower mold base has slots arranged on its top, and inserts are slidably connected in the slots. A boss is fixedly installed on the top of the insert near the center of the lower mold base. A receiving groove is provided at the center of the top of the lower mold base. The lower mold base has a lower tail wing groove arranged on its top. The upper mold base has mating grooves arranged on its bottom, which correspond one-to-one with the inserts. The upper mold base has an upper tail wing groove arranged on its bottom, which corresponds one-to-one with the lower tail wing groove. A pressing pusher is provided between the inserts and the upper mold base.

[0012] Preferably, the extrusion pusher includes an inclined rod fixedly installed on the top of the insert, and the top array of the upper die base has an inclined groove through which the inclined groove communicates with the docking groove, and the inclined rod is inserted into the inclined groove.

[0013] Preferably, the extrusion pusher includes an extrusion ring fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper die holder, the inner diameter of the extrusion ring gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the side of the insert away from the center of the lower die holder abutting against the inner wall of the extrusion ring.

[0014] Preferably, the mold assembly includes a left mold base and a right mold base. Two extension plates are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the left and right mold bases, and the two extension plates are distributed left and right. The left and right mold bases are placed in a stepped groove. A receiving groove 2 and a receiving groove 3 are opened on opposite sides of the left and right mold bases. The receiving groove 3 is connected to the center of the receiving groove 2. Side tail wing grooves are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 on both the left and right mold bases. Bolt holes are arranged in an array through the extension plates.

[0015] The method of using the plastic forming mold for the tail fin part in this invention includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Based on the specific dimensions of the tail fin parts, calculate the corresponding dimensions of the blank and process it into a cylindrical blank with one end thicker than the other using ordinary die forging.

[0017] S2. The obtained billet is subjected to solution treatment. The temperature of aluminum alloy is controlled between 350-650℃, and the temperature of magnesium alloy is controlled between 250-550℃. The holding time is between 1-24 hours.

[0018] S3. Place the solution-treated billet in cold water or liquid nitrogen and keep it for 1-10 minutes for quenching.

[0019] S4. After quenching, the billet is kept at 60-150℃ for 2-20 hours for aging treatment.

[0020] S5. After aging treatment, the billets are heated to the predetermined temperature, between 350-650℃ for aluminum alloy and between 250-550℃ for magnesium alloy, and then placed in the first or third receiving tank for tail wing forming.

[0021] S6. Place the lower mold base in stepped groove one and the upper mold base in stepped groove two; or fix the left and right mold bases together with bolts and place them vertically in stepped groove one; drive the drive shaft to rotate through motor one and reducer, causing the lower and upper turntables to rotate, so that stepped groove one is opposite to arch plate one and stepped groove two is opposite to arch plate two. Then, extend the output end of cylinder one to move the sliding plate to the left. Drive the threaded rod to rotate through motor two, causing the T-shaped plate and push rod to move forward. Then, retract the output end of cylinder one and move the two push rods to the right, thereby pushing the upper mold base into the clearance groove and pushing the lower mold base into arch plate one; or push the left and right mold bases together into arch plate one.

[0022] S7. By extending the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, the upper mold base moves closer to the lower mold base. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder continues to extend to apply pressure, deforming the billet and forming a tail wing; or by extending the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, the punch is inserted into the receiving groove two to squeeze the billet, deforming the billet and forming a tail wing.

[0023] S8. After the blank is formed, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder retracts, and the punch pulls the L-shaped support arm and the support plate body upward to separate the upper mold base from the lower mold base; or the output end of the hydraulic cylinder and the punch are pulled out from the second receiving groove; then the output end of the second cylinder extends to drive the L-shaped plate to move to the left, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate and the blanking plate move forward, so that the upper mold base moves into the second stepped groove and the lower mold base moves into the first stepped groove; or the left mold base and the right mold base are pushed together into the first stepped groove.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By rotating the lower and upper turntables, the mold components can be sequentially transferred to the support frame. Then, by extending the output end of cylinder one, the sliding plate is moved to the left. The screw rod driven by motor two rotates, moving the T-shaped plate and push rod forward. Then, by retracting the output end of cylinder one, the two push rods move to the right, thus pushing the upper mold base into the clearance groove and pushing the lower mold base into the arched plate one; or pushing the left and right mold bases together into the arched plate one; by retracting the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, the punch pulls the L-shaped support arm upward. The upper and lower mold bases are separated by the support plate body; or the hydraulic cylinder output end and punch are pulled out from the receiving groove two; then the L-shaped plate is moved to the left by the extension of the output end of the cylinder two, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate and the blanking plate move forward, so that the upper mold base moves into the stepped groove two and the lower mold base moves into the stepped groove one; or the left and right mold bases are pushed together into the stepped groove one; the whole process is efficient and easy to operate; in addition, by designing the mold assembly into an upper and lower structure or a left and right structure, the operation is convenient and the precision is high when extruding the blank. More importantly, the solution of this invention successfully realizes the short-process, low-cost plastic forming of tail wing parts. Compared with the existing solution, the process is greatly shortened and the cost is significantly reduced (compared with the traditional machining method, the cost of tail wing parts of the same specification can be reduced by about 35%).

[0025] This invention also facilitates the optimization and combination of processes such as solution treatment, quenching, aging, plastic and superplastic forming through the optimized combination of specific mold structures and process control. Based on multi-scale microstructure control and multi-process and mold collaborative forming, it can form wing-like parts with good mechanical properties and meet high precision requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tail fin component in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper turntable, lower turntable, and rotation drive component of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in the embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support frame, hydraulic cylinder, pallet assembly, and unloading assembly of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in the embodiment.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding assembly of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in Embodiment 1.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in Embodiment 1.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the block structure in Embodiment 1 of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in Embodiment 2.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in Embodiment 2.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the insert structure in Embodiment 2 of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in Embodiment 3.

[0038] In the diagram: 100, lower turntable; 200, upper turntable; 300, rotation drive component; 400, support frame; 500, hydraulic cylinder; 600, pallet assembly; 700, loading assembly; 800, unloading assembly; 900, mold assembly; 101, stepped groove one; 201, stepped groove two; 301, drive shaft; 302, reducer; 303, motor one; 401, base; 402, support rod; 403, top plate; 404, limit ring; 405, arched plate. 1. 601. Pallet body; 602. L-shaped support arm; 603. Punch; 604. Clearance groove; 605. Arch plate II; 606. Guide groove; 607. Mounting groove; 701. Side plate; 702. Cylinder I; 703. Sliding plate; 704. Cross arm; 705. Motor II; 706. Threaded rod; 707. T-shaped plate; 708. Push rod; 801. Slide block; 802. L-shaped plate; 803. Slider; 804. Cylinder II; 805. Unloading plate;

[0039] 901. Lower mold base; 902. Upper mold base; 903. Insert groove; 904. Insert block; 905. Boss; 906. Receiving groove one; 907. Lower tail wing groove; 908. Docking groove; 909. Upper tail wing groove; 910. Inclined rod; 911. Inclined groove; 912. Extrusion ring; 913. Left mold base; 914. Right mold base; 915. Extension plate; 916. Receiving groove two; 917. Receiving groove three; 918. Side tail wing groove; 919. Bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 A plastic forming mold for a tail fin part includes a lower turntable 100 and an upper turntable 200. A rotation drive component 300 is fixedly installed at the center of the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200. The lower turntable 100 has a stepped groove 101 arranged in an array through it, and the upper turntable 200 has a stepped groove 201 arranged in an array through it. The stepped groove 101 and the stepped groove 201 correspond one-to-one, and the stepped groove 201 is located directly above the stepped groove 101. In this embodiment, there are three stepped grooves 101 and three stepped grooves 201. A support frame 400 is provided on the right side of the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200. A hydraulic cylinder 500 is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 400. A pallet assembly 600 is slidably connected inside the support frame 400. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 is slidably connected to the pallet assembly 600. A feeding assembly 700 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the support frame 400. A discharging assembly 800 is slidably connected to the support frame 400 and the pallet assembly 600. A mold assembly 900 is placed on the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200.

[0042] Please see Figure 3 The rotation drive component 300 includes a drive shaft 301 that passes through and is fixed at the center of the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200. A reducer 302 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drive shaft 301, and a motor 303 is fixedly installed at the input end of the reducer 302. The motor 303 and the reducer 302 work together to drive the drive shaft 301 to rotate, thereby driving the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200 to rotate.

[0043] Please see Figure 4 The support frame 400 includes a base 401, which is attached to the right side of the lower turntable 100. The top of the base 401 is flush with the bottom wall of the stepped groove 101. Four sets of support rods 402 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 401 in a matrix arrangement. A top plate 403 is fixedly installed on the top of each of the four support rods 402. A limit ring 404 is fixedly installed in the middle of each support rod 402. An arched plate 405 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the left half of the base 401. A hydraulic cylinder 500 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 403, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 penetrates through the top plate 403.

[0044] Please see Figure 4The pallet assembly 600 includes a pallet body 601 slidably connected to four support rods 402. The pallet body 601 is located below the limiting ring 404, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, when the pallet body 601 is attached to the bottom of the limiting ring 404, the top of the pallet body 601 is flush with the bottom wall of the stepped groove 201. An L-shaped support arm 602 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the pallet body 601. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 is slidably connected to the horizontal part of the L-shaped support arm 602. A punch 603 is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500. An clearance groove 604 is provided through the upper surface of the left half of the pallet body 601. An arched plate 605 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the left half of the pallet body 601. A guide groove 606 is provided through the upper surface of the right half of the pallet body 601. An installation groove 607 is provided through the rear side of the vertical part of the L-shaped support arm 602.

[0045] Please see Figure 5 The feeding assembly 700 includes a side plate 701 fixedly installed on the rear side of the support frame 400. A cylinder 702 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the side plate 701. A sliding plate 703 is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder 702. The sliding plate 703 is slidably connected to the rear side of the side plate 701. Two horizontal arms 704 are fixedly installed on the left side of the sliding plate 703. A motor 705 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the sliding plate 703. A threaded rod 706 is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor 705. A T-shaped plate 707 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 706. A threaded hole is opened at the right end of the T-shaped plate 707. Two push rods 708 are fixedly installed on the front side of the left end of the T-shaped plate 707. The two push rods 708 are slidably connected to the two horizontal arms 704 respectively, and the two push rods 708 are located on the upper side of the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200 respectively. This drives the threaded rod 706 to rotate via motor 705, causing the T-shaped plate 707 and the push rod 708 to move back and forth. When the push rod 708 moves backward and moves away from the top of the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200, collisions between the push rod 708 and the mold assembly 900 placed on the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200 are avoided. Figure 2 As shown, two notches can be made on the left side of the side plate 701 to avoid the push rod 708. Thus, when the sliding plate 703 moves to the right, it drives the push rod 708 to move to the right, allowing the push rod 708 to move into the notches. At this time, the two push rods 708 are respectively located above the base 401 and the support plate body 601.

[0046] Please see Figure 4The unloading assembly 800 includes a slide block 801 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rear half of the base 401. An L-shaped plate 802 is slidably connected to the slide block 801, and the L-shaped plate 802 is used to guide the horizontal part of the slide block 801. The vertical part of the L-shaped plate 802 is slidably connected through a guide groove 606. A slider 803 is slidably connected to the right side of the L-shaped plate 802. A second cylinder 804 is fixedly installed on the right side of the slider 803. The second cylinder 804 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pallet body 601, so that when the pallet body 601 moves up and down along the support rod 402, the second cylinder 804 moves up and down synchronously, and the slider 803 slides along the vertical part of the L-shaped plate 802. An unloading plate 805 is slidably connected to the vertical part of the L-shaped plate 802, and the unloading plate 805 is slidably connected through a mounting groove 607. The unloading plate 805 moves up and down synchronously with the L-shaped support arm 602.

[0047] Please see Figures 6-11 The mold assembly 900 includes a lower mold base 901 and an upper mold base 902. The lower mold base 901 and the upper mold base 902 are respectively placed in stepped groove 101 and stepped groove 201. The top of the lower mold base 901 is provided with an array of slots 903. An insert 904 is slidably connected in the slots 903. There are nine slots 903. A boss 905 is fixedly installed on the top of the insert 904 near the center of the lower mold base 901. A receiving groove 906 is formed at the center of the top of the lower mold base 901. Lower tail wing grooves 907 are arranged in an array on the top of the lower mold base 901. A mating groove 908 is arranged in an array on the bottom of the upper mold base 902, and the mating groove 908 corresponds one-to-one with the insert 904. An upper tail wing groove 909 is arranged in an array on the bottom of the upper mold base 902, and the upper tail wing groove 909 corresponds one-to-one with the lower tail wing groove 907. The upper tail wing groove 909 and the lower tail wing groove 907 cooperate to form a tail wing forming groove. An extrusion pusher is provided between the insert 904 and the upper mold base 902.

[0048] When the upper die holder 902 moves from the stepped groove 201 to the top of the support plate body 601, the arched plate 605 limits the upper die holder 902; when the lower die holder 901 moves from the stepped groove 101 to the top of the base 401, the arched plate 405 limits the lower die holder 901. When the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 extends, the support plate body 601 and the upper die holder 902 move downward under the action of gravity until the upper die holder 902 is attached to the top of the lower die holder 901. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 continues to extend, and the upper die holder 902 can be pushed downward by the punch 603.

[0049] Please see Figures 6-8 Example 1: The extrusion pusher includes an inclined rod 910 fixedly installed on the top of the insert 904. An inclined groove 911 is formed through the top of the upper die base 902, connecting to the mating groove 908. The inclined rod 910 is inserted into the inclined groove 911. When the upper die base 902 moves downwards...

[0050] Using 7075 aluminum alloy as the billet, the dimensions of each part of the billet are determined by calculation based on the principle of equal volume;

[0051] The billet is placed in a constant temperature furnace, which is then evacuated and purged with nitrogen to allow oxidation. The temperature is controlled at 580℃, and the holding time is 18 hours.

[0052] After solution treatment, the 7075 aluminum alloy billet is taken out of the constant temperature furnace and immediately placed in cold water at 25°C for 2 hours.

[0053] Remove the billet from the cold water and place it in a constant temperature furnace, where the temperature is controlled at 120℃ and held for 12 hours.

[0054] The mold assembly 900 and the blank are heated to the same temperature, 520℃. The blank is held at this temperature for 10 minutes to promote temperature uniformity. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 extends at a speed of 1mm / s. Under the pressure of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500, the tilting rod 910 is inserted into the tilting groove 911 and continues to move downward with the upper mold base 902. The upper mold base 902, located on the inner wall of the tilting groove 911, squeezes the tilting rod 910, causing the nine tilting rods 910 to converge towards the center of the lower mold base 901. This, in turn, causes the nine inserts 904 to converge towards the center of the lower mold base 901. Under the action of the inserts 904 and the boss 905, the blank is forced to move in the opposite direction, and the forming is completed.

[0055] Please see Figures 9-11 Example 2: The extrusion pusher includes an extrusion ring 912 fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper die base 902. The inner diameter of the extrusion ring 912 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The side of the insert 904 away from the center of the lower die base 901 is attached to the inner wall of the extrusion ring 912.

[0056] Using 7A04 aluminum alloy as the billet, the dimensions of each part of the billet were determined by calculation based on the principle of equal volume;

[0057] The billet is placed in a constant temperature furnace, which is then evacuated and purged with nitrogen to allow oxidation. The temperature is controlled at 560℃, and the holding time is 12 hours.

[0058] After solution treatment, the 7A04 aluminum alloy billet is taken out of the constant temperature furnace and immediately placed in cold water at 10°C for 1.5 hours.

[0059] The billet is removed from cold water and placed in a constant temperature furnace at 80℃ for 10 hours. The mold assembly 900 and the billet are then heated to the same temperature, 540℃, and the billet is held at this temperature for 10 minutes to promote temperature uniformity. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 extends at a speed of 10⁻⁴ mm / s, which constitutes superplastic forming. Under the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 500's output end, the insert 904 and boss 905 are pushed inward by the inner wall of the extrusion ring 912, i.e., moving inward along the radial direction. The billet is forced to move in the opposite direction under the action of the insert 904 and boss 905, thus completing the forming process.

[0060] Please see Figure 12 Example 3: The mold assembly 900 includes a left mold base 913 and a right mold base 914. Two extension plates 915 are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914. The two extension plates 915 are distributed left and right. The left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 are placed in the stepped groove 101. The left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 are provided with a second receiving groove 916 and a third receiving groove 917 on opposite sides. The third receiving groove 917 is connected to the center of the second receiving groove 916. The left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 are provided with side tail wing grooves 918 in an array on the inner wall of the second receiving groove 916. Bolt holes 919 are provided in an array through the extension plates 915.

[0061] Using AM80 magnesium alloy as the billet, the dimensions of each part of the billet were determined by calculation based on the principle of equal volume;

[0062] The billet is placed in a constant temperature furnace, which is then evacuated and purged with nitrogen to allow oxidation. The temperature is controlled at 420℃, and the holding time is 16 hours.

[0063] After solution treatment, the AM80 magnesium alloy billet is taken out of the constant temperature furnace and immediately placed in cold water at 25°C for 1 hour.

[0064] Remove the billet from the cold water and place it in a constant temperature furnace, where the temperature is controlled at 80℃ and held for 12 hours.

[0065] The mold assembly 900 and the blank are heated to the same temperature, 460°C, and the blank is held at this temperature for 10 minutes to promote temperature uniformity. The left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 are fixed together by bolts passing through bolt holes 919 and placed vertically in the stepped groove 101. When the left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 are transferred to the top of the base 401, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 extends, the punch 603 is inserted into the receiving groove 916 and moves downward at a speed of 2 mm / s to complete the forming process.

[0066] The method of using the plastic forming mold for the tail wing part in the embodiment is as follows:

[0067] S1. Calculate the corresponding dimensions of the blank from aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy according to the specific dimensions of the tail fin parts, and process it into a cylindrical blank with one end thicker than the other using ordinary die forging method.

[0068] S2. The obtained billet is subjected to solution treatment. The temperature of aluminum alloy is controlled between 350-650℃, and the temperature of magnesium alloy is controlled between 250-550℃. The holding time is between 1-24 hours.

[0069] S3. Place the solution-treated billet in cold water or liquid nitrogen and keep it for 1-10 minutes for quenching.

[0070] S4. After quenching, the billet is kept at 60-150℃ for 2-20 hours for aging treatment.

[0071] S5. The billet after aging treatment is heated to a predetermined temperature according to the type of alloy: 350-650℃ for aluminum alloy and 250-550℃ for magnesium alloy. It is then placed in the receiving tank 906 or the receiving tank 917 for tail wing forming.

[0072] S6. Place the lower mold base 901 in the stepped groove 101 and the upper mold base 902 in the stepped groove 201; or fix the left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 together with bolts, and place the left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 vertically in the stepped groove 101; drive the drive shaft 301 to rotate through the cooperation of the motor 303 and the reducer 302, thereby driving the lower turntable 100 and the upper turntable 200 to rotate, so that the stepped groove 101 is opposite to the arch plate 405, and the stepped groove 201 is opposite to the arch plate 405. With plates 605 facing each other, the output end of cylinder 702 extends, causing sliding plate 703 to move to the left. Motor 705 drives threaded rod 706 to rotate, causing T-shaped plate 707 and push rod 708 to move forward. Then, the output end of cylinder 702 retracts, and the two push rods 708 move to the right, thereby pushing upper mold base 902 into clearance groove 604 and pushing lower mold base 901 into arched plate 405; or pushing left mold base 913 and right mold base 914 together into arched plate 405.

[0073] S7. By extending the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500, the upper mold base 902 moves closer to the lower mold base 901. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 continues to extend to apply pressure, causing the blank to deform and form a tail wing; or by extending the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500, the punch 603 is inserted into the receiving groove 916 to squeeze the blank, causing the blank to deform and form a tail wing.

[0074] S8. After the blank is formed, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 retracts, and the punch 603 pulls the L-shaped support arm 602 and the support plate body 601 upward, so that the upper mold base 902 and the lower mold base 901 are separated; or the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 500 and the punch 603 are pulled out from the second receiving groove 916; then the output end of the second cylinder 804 extends to drive the L-shaped plate 802 to move to the left, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate 802 and the blanking plate 805 move forward, so that the upper mold base 902 moves into the second stepped groove 201, and the lower mold base 901 moves into the first stepped groove 101; or the left mold base 913 and the right mold base 914 are pushed together into the first stepped groove 101.

Claims

1. A method for plastic forming of a tail wing component, using a tail wing component plastic forming mold, characterized in that: The plastic forming mold for the tail wing part includes a mold assembly (900); The mold assembly (900) includes a lower mold base (901) and an upper mold base (902). The lower mold base (901) has slots (903) arranged in an array on its top. An insert (904) is slidably connected within the slots (903). A boss (905) is fixedly installed on the top of the insert (904) near the center of the lower mold base (901). A receiving groove (906) is formed at the center of the top of the lower mold base (901). 901) The top array is provided with a lower tail wing groove (907); the bottom array of the upper mold base (902) is provided with a docking groove (908), the docking groove (908) corresponds one-to-one with the insert (904); the bottom array of the upper mold base (902) is provided with an upper tail wing groove (909), the upper tail wing groove (909) corresponds one-to-one with the lower tail wing groove (907); a pressing pusher is provided between the insert (904) and the upper mold base (902); Alternatively, the mold assembly (900) may include a left mold base (913) and a right mold base (914). Two extension plates (915) are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914). The two extension plates (915) are distributed left and right. A receiving groove two (916) and a receiving groove three (917) are provided on opposite sides of the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914). The receiving groove three (917) is connected to the center of the receiving groove two (916). Side tail wing grooves (918) are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the receiving groove two (916) of the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914). Bolt holes (919) are arranged in an array through the extension plates (915). The steps of the forming method include: S1. Based on the specific dimensions of the tail fin parts, calculate the corresponding dimensions of the blank and process it into a cylindrical blank with one end thicker than the other using ordinary die forging. S2. The obtained billet is subjected to solution treatment. The temperature of aluminum alloy is controlled between 350-650℃, and the temperature of magnesium alloy is controlled between 250-550℃. The holding time is between 1-24 hours. S3. Place the solution-treated billet in cold water or liquid nitrogen and keep it for 1-10 minutes for quenching. S4. After quenching, the billet is kept at 60-150℃ for 2-20 hours for aging treatment. S5. Heat the aged billets to a predetermined temperature, between 350-650°C for aluminum alloy and between 250-550°C for magnesium alloy, and place them in receiving tank one (906) or receiving tank three (917) for tail wing forming.

2. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic forming mold for the tail fin includes a lower turntable (100) and an upper turntable (200). A rotating drive component (300) is fixedly installed at the center of the lower turntable (100) and the upper turntable (200). A stepped groove I (101) is arrayed through the surface of the lower turntable (100), and a stepped groove II (201) is arrayed through the surface of the upper turntable (200). The stepped groove I (101) and the stepped groove II (201) correspond one-to-one, and the stepped groove II (201) is located directly above the stepped groove I (101). The lower turntable (100) and the upper turntable (200) are... 00) A support frame (400) is provided on the right side. A hydraulic cylinder (500) is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame (400). A pallet assembly (600) is slidably connected inside the support frame (400). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) is slidably connected to the pallet assembly (600). A feeding assembly (700) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the support frame (400). A discharging assembly (800) is slidably connected on the support frame (400) and the pallet assembly (600). A mold assembly (900) is placed on the lower turntable (100) and the upper turntable (200).

3. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating drive component (300) includes a drive shaft (301) that passes through and is fixed at the center of the lower turntable (100) and the upper turntable (200). A reducer (302) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drive shaft (301), and a motor (303) is fixedly installed at the input end of the reducer (302). The support frame (400) includes a base (401) that fits against the right side of the lower turntable (100). Four sets of support rods (402) are fixedly installed on the top of the base (401). The four sets of support rods (402) are arranged in a matrix. A top plate (403) is fixedly installed on the top of the four support rods (402). A limit ring (404) is fixedly installed in the middle of each support rod (402). An arched plate (405) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the left half of the base (401).

4. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pallet assembly (600) includes a pallet body (601) slidably connected to four support rods (402). The pallet body (601) is located below the limiting ring (404). An L-shaped support arm (602) is fixedly installed at the top center of the pallet body (601). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) is slidably connected to the horizontal part of the L-shaped support arm (602). A punch (603) is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500). A clearance groove (604) is provided through the upper surface of the left half of the pallet body (601). An arched plate (605) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the left half of the pallet body (601). A guide groove (606) is provided through the upper surface of the right half of the pallet body (601). An installation groove (607) is provided through the rear side of the vertical part of the L-shaped support arm (602).

5. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (700) includes a side plate (701) fixedly installed on the rear side of the support frame (400). A cylinder (702) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the side plate (701). A sliding plate (703) is fixedly installed at the output end of the cylinder (702). The sliding plate (703) is slidably connected to the rear side of the side plate (701). Two horizontal arms (704) are fixedly installed on the left side of the sliding plate (703). A motor (705) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the sliding plate (703). A threaded rod (706) is fixedly installed at the output end of the second motor (705). A T-shaped plate (707) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (706). A threaded hole is opened at the right end of the T-shaped plate (707). Two push rods (708) are fixedly installed on the front side of the left end of the T-shaped plate (707). The two push rods (708) are respectively slidably connected to the two cross arms (704), and the two push rods (708) are respectively located on the upper side of the lower turntable (100) and the upper turntable (200).

6. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (800) includes a slide (801) fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rear half of the base (401). An L-shaped plate (802) is slidably connected to the slide (801). The vertical part of the L-shaped plate (802) is slidably connected to the guide groove (606). A slider (803) is slidably connected to the right side of the L-shaped plate (802). A cylinder (804) is fixedly installed to the right side of the slider (803). The cylinder (804) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pallet body (601). A feeding plate (805) is slidably connected to the vertical part of the L-shaped plate (802). The feeding plate (805) is slidably connected to the mounting groove (607).

7. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower mold base (901) and the upper mold base (902) are respectively placed in the stepped groove one (101) and the stepped groove two (201).

8. The method for plastic forming of a tail wing part according to claim 7, characterized in that: The extrusion pusher includes an inclined rod (910) fixedly installed on the top of the insert (904), and an inclined groove (911) is provided through the top array of the upper die base (902). The inclined groove (911) is connected to the docking groove (908), and the inclined rod (910) is inserted into the inclined groove (911). The extrusion pusher includes an extrusion ring (912) fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper die holder (902). The inner diameter of the extrusion ring (912) gradually decreases from top to bottom. The side of the insert (904) away from the center of the lower die holder (901) is attached to the inner wall of the extrusion ring (912).

9. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914) are placed in the stepped groove (101).

10. The method for plastic forming of a tail fin part according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The steps also include: S6. Place the lower mold base (901) in the stepped groove one (101) and the upper mold base (902) in the stepped groove two (201); or fix the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914) together with bolts, and place the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914) vertically in the stepped groove one (101); drive the drive shaft (301) to rotate through the cooperation of the motor one (303) and the reducer (302), thereby driving the lower turntable (100) and the upper turntable (200) to rotate, so that the stepped groove one (101) is opposite to the arch plate one (405), and the stepped groove two (201) is opposite to the arch. When the two mold plates (605) are facing each other, the output end of the cylinder (702) extends, causing the sliding plate (703) to move to the left. The screw rod (706) is driven to rotate by the motor (705), causing the T-shaped plate (707) and the push rod (708) to move forward. Then, the output end of the cylinder (702) retracts, and the two push rods (708) move to the right, thereby pushing the upper mold base (902) into the clearance groove (604) and pushing the lower mold base (901) into the arched plate (405); or pushing the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914) together into the arched plate (405); S7. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) extends, causing the upper mold base (902) to move closer to the lower mold base (901). Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) continues to extend, applying pressure to deform the billet and form a tail wing; or the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) extends, and the punch (603) is inserted into the receiving groove (916) to squeeze the billet, deforming it and forming a tail wing. S8. After the blank is formed, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) contracts and the punch (603) pulls the L-shaped support arm (602) and the pallet body (601) upward, so that the upper mold base (902) and the lower mold base (901) are separated; or the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (500) and the punch (603) are pulled out from the second receiving groove (916); then the output end of the second cylinder (804) extends and drives the L-shaped plate (802) to move to the left, the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate (802) and the blanking plate (805) move forward, so that the upper mold base (902) moves into the second stepped groove (201) and the lower mold base (901) moves into the first stepped groove (101); or the left mold base (913) and the right mold base (914) are pushed together into the first stepped groove (101).

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