A cutting device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cutting device, which relates to the technical field of metal cutting. The cutting device includes an adapter assembly, a first nozzle assembly, a height adjustment assembly, and a controller. Among them, the height adjustment assembly can at least emit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and obtain a first distance L from the height adjustment assembly to the detection area. The controller is at least connected to the height adjustment assembly, and the controller can adjust a second distance between the first nozzle and the detection area when obtaining the first distance L. The cutting device can obtain the first distance L at the next position through the height adjustment assembly, so that the cutting device can be adjusted in real time with the movement during the cutting process, ensuring the efficiency of the cutting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting, and particularly to a cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Flame cutting is a metal cutting process based on high-temperature oxidation reaction, mainly applicable to the processing of materials with high iron content such as carbon steel and low-alloy steel. Flame cutting forms a high-temperature flame through the mixed combustion of combustible gas and oxygen. After the local temperature of the material reaches the ignition point, the material is separated by means of a high-speed oxygen flow.

[0003] Laser-flame hybrid cutting is an innovative process that combines the high precision of laser and the high efficiency of flame cutting, and is applicable to the processing of medium and thick plates. The process of hybrid cutting usually uses a laser beam to preheat the surface of the material, so that the local temperature of the material quickly reaches the ignition point, and then the cutting is completed through the oxidation reaction of flame cutting and the high-pressure oxygen flow. The high energy density of the laser ensures the rapid formation of the starting point of the cut, and the oxidation reaction of flame cutting provides continuous heat support, thus achieving efficient and high-quality cutting.

[0004] Whether it is the flame cutting process or the laser-flame hybrid cutting process, the distance between the cutting head and the surface of the material will affect the quality and safety of the cutting process. Therefore, the cutting device usually has a height adjustment component to adjust the distance between the cutting head and the surface of the material. Most of the existing flame cutting devices use a contact design. This type of height adjustment component relies on pressure detection to adjust the distance between the nozzle and the material. However, the height adjustment component using a contact design is limited by the flatness of the material surface, and the adjustment accuracy is not good.

[0005] Currently, some laser cutting devices will set a capacitance height adjustment component at the nozzle to adjust the distance between the cutting head and the surface of the material by detecting the potential change of the capacitor body. However, the capacitance height adjustment component is affected by temperature and is prone to failure in a high-temperature environment. If the capacitance height adjustment component is applied to the scenario of flame cutting or laser-flame hybrid cutting, the temperature at the position of the nozzle will continue to rise due to the influence of the flame, which is extremely likely to cause the capacitance height adjustment component to fail, thereby affecting the normal operation of the cutting device. This results in a lack of a suitable height adjustment component for the existing flame cutting device or laser-flame hybrid cutting device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutting device that can be adjusted in real time with the movement during the movement process to solve the problem that the existing flame cutting device or laser-flame hybrid cutting device lacks a suitable height adjustment component.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cutting device for cutting a material along a cutting path, comprising:

[0009] An adapter assembly, in which a cutting gas passage and a gas passage group are provided. Among them, the cutting gas passage is used to introduce cutting gas, and the gas passage group is used to introduce combustion gas;

[0010] A first nozzle assembly, the first nozzle assembly is connected to the adapter assembly, and the first nozzle assembly includes a first nozzle, and the first nozzle is communicated with the cutting gas passage and the gas passage group to guide the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material;

[0011] A height adjustment assembly, the height adjustment assembly is arranged above the first nozzle assembly and on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle assembly, and the height adjustment assembly moves synchronously with the first nozzle assembly. Moreover, the height adjustment assembly is configured to be able to emit at least one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and obtain a first distance L from the height adjustment assembly to the detection area. Among them, at least part of the detection area covers the next area where the first nozzle moves along the cutting path; and,

[0012] A controller, the controller is at least connected to the height adjustment assembly, and the controller is configured to be able to adjust a second distance between the first nozzle and the detection area when obtaining the first distance L .

[0013] In some embodiments, the height adjustment assembly includes a plurality of probes, and the probes are used to emit at least one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle. Moreover, the plurality of probes are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, so that the plurality of sub-detection areas form a detection area distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cutting device further includes a plurality of adjustment holes. And, taking the height direction of the cutting device as the first axis, the adjustment holes extend along the first axis, and the adjustment holes have a first end and a second end arranged oppositely in the first axis direction. The first end is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole gradually expands from the first end to the second end; the probe is connected to the first end, and the area of the sub-detection area formed by the probe is reduced through the adjustment hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the cutting device further includes:

[0016] The main body component, in which a first channel is provided, and an optical unit is provided in the first channel, and the optical unit is used to adjust the laser beam incident into the first channel; and,

[0017] The adapter component is connected to the main body component, and a second channel is further provided in the adapter component. Among them, the second channel communicates with the first channel to form a laser channel for the laser beam to pass through. The cutting gas channel communicates with the side of the second channel to guide the cutting gas into the second channel; and, the gas channel group is separated from the second channel; and,

[0018] The first nozzle communicates with the second channel and the gas channel group to guide the laser beam, cutting gas and combustion gas to the material.

[0019] In some embodiments, the adapter component includes an adapter base, and a first accommodation space is provided in the adapter base, and the height adjustment component is fixed in the first accommodation space; a first light passing hole is provided in the adapter base, and the first light passing hole is separated from the first accommodation space, and with the height direction of the cutting device as the first axis, the first light passing hole penetrates the adapter base along the first axis.

[0020] In some embodiments, the height adjustment component includes a plurality of probes, and the probes are used to emit either ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle; and,

[0021] The cutting device further includes a plurality of adjustment holes, which are formed in the adapter base and communicate with the first accommodation space, and the plurality of adjustment holes are distributed on the periphery of the first light passing hole, and the adjustment holes cooperate with the height adjustment component to enable the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probes to pass through the adjustment holes and reduce the area of the sub-detection area.

[0022] In some embodiments, an opening communicating with the first accommodation space is provided at the top of the adapter base; and,

[0023] The adapter component further includes an adapter cover plate, the adapter cover plate covers the opening, and a second light passing hole is provided in the adapter cover plate, and the second light passing hole penetrates the adapter cover plate along the first axis and communicates with the first light passing hole.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first light-passing hole and the second light-passing hole are tapered holes, and the side of the tapered hole facing the material is the small end; and the small end of the second light-passing hole is inserted into the inside of the large end of the first light-passing hole, and a boss extending toward the outside of the second light-passing hole is provided on the outside of the small end of the second light-passing hole, and the boss abuts against the inner side of the large end of the first light-passing hole, so that a spaced space for preventing foreign matters from intruding is formed between the small end of the second light-passing hole and the inner wall of the first light-passing hole.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first nozzle assembly and the adapter assembly are detachably engaged; and the cutting device further includes a second nozzle assembly, the second nozzle assembly is detachably connected to the adapter assembly, and one of the second nozzle assembly and the first nozzle assembly is fixedly connected to the adapter assembly, and the other is separated from the adapter assembly; and the second nozzle assembly includes a second nozzle, and the second nozzle is communicated with the laser channel to guide the laser beam to the material.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first nozzle assembly further includes a first connection seat, and the first connection seat is detachably engaged with the adapter assembly; and a first connection hole is provided in the first connection seat, and the first connection hole is communicated with the laser channel; the first nozzle is installed in the first connection hole and is communicated with the first connection hole; a nozzle channel group communicated with the gas channel group is further provided in the first connection seat, and the nozzle channel group is communicated with the first connection hole to introduce the combustion gas into the first nozzle.

[0027] In some embodiments, the second nozzle assembly further includes a second connection seat, and the second connection seat is detachably engaged with the adapter assembly, and a third connection hole is provided in the second connection seat, and the third connection hole is communicated with the laser channel.

[0028] In some embodiments, the cutting device further includes a locking block, and the locking block is connected to the outer peripheral side of the adapter assembly and presses the first connection seat or the second connection seat against the adapter assembly, so that the first connection seat or the second connection seat is fixedly connected to the adapter assembly.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second nozzle assembly further includes a ceramic ring, the ceramic ring is arranged around the laser channel, and the side of the ceramic ring facing the material is connected to the second nozzle; the second nozzle is an induction nozzle, and a probe is connected to the side of the ceramic ring facing away from the material, and the probe is electrically connected to the second nozzle, so that the ceramic ring and the second nozzle form an induction assembly, and a capacitor body is formed between the induction assembly and the material; and,

[0030] The height adjustment assembly further includes a control board, the control board is communicatively connected to the controller, and the control board is electrically connected to the probe, so that the control board can obtain the potential change of the capacitor; and

[0031] The controller is configured to: adjust a third spacing distance between the second nozzle and the material when the potential change is obtained .

[0032] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly includes an adapter top seat connected to the main body assembly, and a third light hole connected to the first channel is provided in the adapter top seat, and the third light hole constitutes a part of the second channel; the cutting gas channel is provided in the adapter top seat and connected to the external environment.

[0033] In some embodiments, an air guide ring is provided in the adapter top seat, the air guide ring is arranged around the third light through hole, a fourth light through hole connected with the third light through hole is provided in the air guide ring, and a hole wall of the third light through hole at least partially extends into the fourth light through hole, and an air inlet channel is provided between the air guide ring and the adapter top seat, the air inlet channel is connected with the fourth light through hole and the cutting gas channel, and extends toward the third light through hole to the hole wall inside the fourth light through hole.

[0034] In some embodiments, a buffer ring is further provided in the adapter top seat, and the buffer ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring and spaced apart from the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring, so that an air inlet passage is formed between the buffer ring and the air guide ring, and the air inlet passage is connected with the air inlet channel, and an air inlet hole is provided on the buffer ring, and the air inlet hole connects the air inlet passage and the cutting gas channel.

[0035] In some embodiments, an installation space is provided in the adapter top seat, and the installation space is connected to the third light-through hole; taking the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the air guide ring is provided in the installation space and extends along the first axial direction, and the air guide ring is spaced apart from the installation space on a side close to the third light-through hole to form the air inlet channel.

[0036] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly further includes a cooling seat, which is connected to a side of the first nozzle assembly facing away from the material, and a cooling channel for passing fluid is disposed on an outer peripheral side of the cooling seat.

[0037] In some embodiments, the outer circumference of the cooling seat is provided with a first zone and a second zone separated from each other, the first zone is provided with a cooling inlet, and the second zone is provided with a cooling outlet; and,

[0038] The cooling channel includes a plurality of first cooling channels and at least one second cooling channel, with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the first axial direction, and the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged in the first zone and the second zone respectively; and,

[0039] In the first zone, two first cooling channels adjacent to each other in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling inlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels;

[0040] In the second zone, two adjacent first cooling channels in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling outlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels;

[0041] The second cooling channel is communicated with the first cooling channel located in the first zone and the first cooling channel located in the second zone respectively.

[0042] In some embodiments, the gas channel group includes a combustion gas channel and a combustion-supporting gas channel, wherein the combustion gas channel is used to introduce combustion gas, and the combustion gas channel is separated from the combustion-supporting gas channel and connected to the first nozzle assembly; the combustion-supporting gas channel is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas and is connected to the first nozzle assembly.

[0043] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly includes an adapter base and a cooling seat, wherein a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space, and a combustion gas intake channel and a combustion-supporting gas intake channel that are separated and arranged are provided on the adapter base; the cooling seat is connected between the adapter base and the first nozzle assembly, and a cooling channel for passing a fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat, and,

[0044] The combustion gas channel and the combustion-supporting gas channel are arranged in the cooling seat, and the combustion gas channel is communicated with the combustion gas intake channel, and the combustion-supporting gas channel is communicated with the combustion-supporting gas intake channel. Compared with the prior art, the cutting device implemented by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] By providing a height adjustment component above the first nozzle assembly, the present cutting device keeps the height adjustment component away from the high-temperature area of cutting, avoiding the direct impact of the high-temperature environment on the height adjustment component. Moreover, by emitting either ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves through the height adjustment component, the present cutting device can obtain the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component to the detection area in a non-contact manner, enabling the height adjustment component to adapt to the high-temperature environments of flame cutting and laser-flame hybrid cutting. Furthermore, the height adjustment component can form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and at least part of this detection area covers the next area where the first nozzle moves along the cutting path. In this way, when the first nozzle assembly performs cutting operations at the current position, the height adjustment component can obtain the first spacing distance L of the next position. Consequently, when the cutting device moves along the cutting path and the first nozzle assembly moves from the current position to the next position, the spacing distance between the first nozzle assembly and the material is always adapted, and the high-energy areas of the laser beam and the flame are adapted to the material. Thus, the present cutting device can be adjusted in real time during the cutting process with the movement action, ensuring the efficiency of the cutting process. Description of the Drawings

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the cutting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of A in

[0048] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of B in

[0049] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the spacing between the structure shown and the material;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the controller and the height adjustment component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first implementation manner of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the second implementation manner of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the third implementation manner of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the fourth implementation manner of the detection area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 10It is a schematic diagram of the cutting device carrying the first nozzle assembly in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 11 It is Figure 10 the left view of the shown structure;

[0057] Figure 12 It is Figure 11 the C-C cross-sectional view in;

[0058] Figure 13 It is Figure 10 the front view of the shown structure;

[0059] Figure 14 It is Figure 13 the D-D cross-sectional view in;

[0060] Figure 15 It is Figure 14 the enlarged view of E in;

[0061] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the adapter base in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 17 It is the front view in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 18 It is Figure 17 the F-F cross-sectional view in;

[0064] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting device carrying the second nozzle assembly in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 20 It is Figure 19 the left view of the shown structure;

[0066] Figure 21 It is Figure 20 the G-G cross-sectional view in;

[0067] Figure 22 It is Figure 19 the schematic diagram of the distance between the shown structure and the material;

[0068] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling seat in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 24 It is the sectional schematic diagram of the cooling seat in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] In the figure, 100 is a cutting device; X is the first axial direction; 1 is a main body assembly; 2 is an adapter assembly; 2a is an adapter base; 2a1 is a first accommodating space; 2a2 is a first light-passing hole; 2a3 is an opening; 2b is an adapter cover plate; 2b1 is a second light-passing hole; 2b10 is a boss; 2c is an adapter top seat; 2c1 is an installation space; 2d is a cooling seat; 2d1 is a first area; 2d2 is a second area; 3 is a first nozzle assembly; 3a is a first nozzle; 3a1 is a flow guide member; 3a2 is a flow guide sleeve; 3b is a first connection seat; 4 is a second nozzle assembly; 4a is a second nozzle; 4b is a second connection seat; 4c is a ceramic ring; 5 is a height adjustment assembly; 5a is a probe; 5b is a control board; 6 is a controller; 7 is a cutting gas passage; 8 is a gas passage group; 8a is a combustion gas passage; 8b is an auxiliary combustion gas passage; 9 is a detection area; 9a is a sub-detection area; 10 is an adjustment hole; 10a is a first end; 10b is a second end; 11 is a laser passage; 11a is a first passage; 11b is a second passage; 12 is an optical unit; 13 is a spacer space; 14 is a nozzle passage group; 15 is a first connection hole; 16 is a second connection hole; 17 is a third connection hole; 18 is a locking block; 19 is a third light-passing hole; 20 is a gas guide ring; 21 is a fourth light-passing hole; 22 is an air intake passage; 23 is a buffer ring; 24 is an air intake aisle; 25 is an air intake hole; 26 is a cooling passage; 26a is a first cooling flow channel; 26b is a second cooling flow channel; 27 is a cooling inlet; 28 is a cooling outlet; 29 is a water-cooled outer jacket; 30 is a combustion gas intake passage; 31 is an auxiliary combustion gas intake passage; 32 is a connection socket; 33 is a fifth light-passing hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0071] The following combines the accompanying drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "height", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. in the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0075] Embodiment

[0076] Reference Figures 1 - 24 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting device 100, which can be applied to a machine tool as a cutting head or a cutting torch and cut materials along a cutting path. This cutting device 100 includes an adapter assembly 2 and a first nozzle assembly 3. Among them, a cutting gas channel 7 and a gas channel group 8 are provided in the adapter assembly 2. The cutting gas channel 7 is used to introduce cutting gas, and the gas channel group 8 is used to introduce combustion gas; the first nozzle assembly 3 is connected to the adapter assembly 2, and the first nozzle assembly 3 includes a first nozzle 3a. The first nozzle 3a is in communication with the cutting gas channel 7 and the gas channel group 8 to guide the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first axial direction X is defined as the up-and-down direction of this cutting device 100, and the upper side and the lower side when this cutting device 100 is generally in normal use are used to distinguish up and down. Reference Figure 1 , the first nozzle assembly 3 is connected below the adapter assembly 2, so that the cutting gas and the combustion gas flow from top to bottom to the first nozzle assembly 3 and are guided by the first nozzle assembly 3 to the material located below the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0078] The cutting device 100 composed of the adapter assembly 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3 can be used for flame cutting. When the cutting device 100 performs flame cutting, the cutting gas is generally ordinary oxygen or high-purity oxygen, etc. The combustion gas usually includes a combustion gas and an oxidizing gas. Among them, the combustion gas is generally an organic combustion gas such as propane, acetylene, natural gas, etc., and the oxidizing gas is low-pressure oxygen. This low-pressure oxygen is used as an oxidizer to react with the combustion gas to generate a high-temperature flame.

[0079] The cutting device 100 further includes a height adjustment assembly 5 and a controller 6 to control the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material, ensuring that the high-energy region of the high-temperature flame is concentrated on the area of the material to be cut. It should be noted that the height adjustment assembly 5 of the cutting device 100 is arranged above the first nozzle assembly 3 and on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle assembly 3 to avoid the direct influence of the high-temperature environment caused by the high-temperature flame on the height adjustment assembly 5. Moreover, the height adjustment assembly 5 can emit either ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves towards the material, thereby forming a detection area 9 on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a and obtaining a first spacing distance L from the height adjustment assembly 5 to the detection area 9, where the detection area 9 at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path; the controller 6 is at least connected to the height adjustment assembly 5, and the controller 6 is configured to be able to adjust the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 when the first spacing distance L is obtained. In this way, when the first nozzle assembly 3 performs a cutting operation at the current position, the height adjustment assembly 5 can obtain the first spacing distance L at the next position. Thus, when the cutting device 100 moves along the cutting path and the first nozzle assembly 3 moves from the current position to the next position, the spacing distance between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material is always adapted, and the high-energy regions of the laser beam and the flame are adapted to the material, so that the cutting device 100 can be adjusted in real time with the movement during the cutting process, ensuring the efficiency of the cutting process.

[0080] As a component of the cutting head or cutting torch, the height adjustment assembly 5 can be directly assembled and connected to the adapter assembly, or indirectly assembled and connected to the adapter assembly 2, so that it is located above the first nozzle assembly 3 and moves synchronously with the first nozzle assembly 3. For example, the height adjustment assembly 5 can be assembled on the adapter assembly 2 through a connection structure, so that the height adjustment assembly 5 is located above the first nozzle assembly 3 and moves synchronously with the first nozzle assembly 3. Or, the height adjustment assembly 5 and the adapter assembly 2 can be assembled to the frame of the cutting head or cutting torch through a connection structure. The height adjustment assembly 5 is arranged at the height where the adapter assembly 2 is located or above the adapter assembly 2, so that the height adjustment assembly 5 is located above the first nozzle assembly 3 and moves synchronously with the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0081] It should be noted that when the cutting device 100 performs cutting, a large amount of heat will accumulate between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the space between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material. The height adjustment assembly 5 is arranged above the first nozzle assembly 3, which can ensure that the height adjustment assembly 5 is outside the layout range of the first nozzle assembly 3 in the height direction. In this way, the height adjustment assembly 5 can be prevented from being affected by too high an ambient temperature. Moreover, the height adjustment assembly 5 is arranged above the first nozzle assembly 3, which can reduce the local interference between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the material, such as scattering effects, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave detection and avoiding measurement errors caused by the near-field effect. Furthermore, arranging the height adjustment assembly 5 above the first nozzle assembly 3 can provide a diffusion space for ultrasonic and electromagnetic waves, enabling the ultrasonic and electromagnetic waves to form a suitable detection area 9 on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a.

[0082] It can be understood that the height adjustment assembly 5 emits one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves, and based on the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves in the air, calculates the first spacing distance L by measuring the time from the emission to the reception of ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves. For example, when the height adjustment assembly 5 uses an ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic probe can emit ultrasonic waves towards the material. When the ultrasonic waves encounter an obstacle (i.e., the material), they are reflected, and the reflected ultrasonic waves return to the ultrasonic probe. According to the time from the emission to the reception of the ultrasonic waves, the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment assembly 5 to the detection area 9 is calculated; or, when the height adjustment assembly 5 uses an electromagnetic wave probe, the electromagnetic wave probe can emit electromagnetic waves towards the material. When the electromagnetic waves encounter a target object, part of the energy is reflected back to the electromagnetic wave probe. According to the time from the emission of the electromagnetic waves to the reception of the reflected signal, the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment assembly 5 to the detection area 9 is calculated. Of course, since ultrasonic waves are usually generated by the mechanical vibration of an object, the emission of ultrasonic waves by the height adjustment assembly 5 may cause the entire height adjustment assembly 5 to vibrate. Therefore, when the height adjustment assembly 5 uses an ultrasonic probe, the height adjustment assembly 5 can be used in combination with damping materials and buffer materials to eliminate the vibration generated by the ultrasonic probe and prevent the height adjustment assembly 5 from affecting the stability of the cutting device 100.

[0083] Next, taking the height adjustment assembly 5 emitting electromagnetic waves as an example, the cutting device 100 will be further described in this embodiment.

[0084] Reference Figures 4 - 9 , the height adjustment assembly 5 emits electromagnetic waves towards the material, and can form a detection area 9 on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. According to the propagation direction and diffusion situation of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the height adjustment assembly 5, the electromagnetic waves can form Figures 6 - 9 the detection area 9 shown in the figure. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the height adjustment assembly 5 towards the material can form on the upper surface of the materialFigures 6 - 9 The radiation energy distribution pattern shown, and within this detection area 9, part of the energy of the electromagnetic wave is reflected by the material back to the height adjustment component 5, so that the height adjustment component 5 can obtain the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9.

[0085] It should be noted that after the first nozzle assembly 3 is assembled to the cutting device 100, the length of the first nozzle assembly 3 in the first axial direction X is fixed. Therefore, the spacing distance H between the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle 3a can be known. For example, after the height adjustment component 5 is assembled to this cutting device 100, it is relatively fixed with the first nozzle assembly 3, so that the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle assembly 3 can move synchronously. Then, according to the height at which the height adjustment component 5 is assembled and the length of the first nozzle assembly 3 in the first axial direction X, the spacing distance H between the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle 3a can be obtained. Generally speaking, the spacing distance H between the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle 3a is the rated data of the cutting device 100.

[0086] Therefore, in the case of obtaining the first spacing distance L, the controller 6 connected to the height adjustment component 5 can know the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 according to the difference between the first spacing distance L and the spacing distance H between the height adjustment component 5 and the first nozzle 3a. And according to the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9, adjust the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 , so that the second spacing distance meets the requirements of the current cutting process, and the high-energy area of the high-temperature flame falls on the cutting position of the material, ensuring the cutting effect and cutting efficiency of this cutting device 100.

[0087] This cutting device 100 can cut the material along the cutting path, thereby cutting out a material with a corresponding shape in the material. Taking Figures 6 - 7 the shown cutting path as an example, point A in the figure is the current cutting position of the cutting device 100, and point B in the figure is the next cutting position of the cutting device 100. When this cutting device 100 cuts the material along Figures 6 - 7 the shown cutting path, it will move from point A to the right to point B. During this process, the first nozzle assembly 3 will also move from point A to the right to point B. According to the different areas or positions of the detection area 9 formed by the height adjustment component 5, the detection area 9 can partially cover the next area (point B) where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path, as Figure 6 shown, or the detection area 9 can completely cover the next area (point B) where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path, as Figure 7 shown.

[0088] It should be noted that, due to the unevenness on the upper surface of the material or the inclined placement of the material itself, when the first nozzle assembly 3 moves from point A to the right to point B, the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material may change, affecting the cutting effect and efficiency. Therefore, the detection area 9 formed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path. In this way, when the first nozzle 3a cuts the material at point A, the electromagnetic wave emitted by the height adjustment assembly 5 can at least detect the spacing distance between it and point B, that is, the height adjustment assembly 5 can at least obtain the first spacing distance L between the height adjustment assembly 5 and point B, so that when the first nozzle 3a moves from point A to the right to point B, the controller 6 can adjust the second spacing distance according to the difference between the first spacing distance L and the spacing distance H between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle 3a. , so that the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material always remains within an appropriate range. For example, when the first nozzle 3a moves from point A to the right to point B, the controller 6 discovers the second spacing distance according to the difference between the first spacing distance L and the spacing distance H between the height adjustment assembly 5 and the first nozzle 3a. does not meet the preset spacing interval, the controller 6 can drive the cutting device 100 to move up or down through the lifting device, so that the second spacing distance meets the preset spacing interval.

[0089] It should be noted that the area currently cut by the first nozzle 3a will be detected by the height adjustment assembly 5 when the first nozzle 3a is in the previous area, that is, when the first nozzle 3a is in the previous area, the detection area 9 formed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a will at least partially cover the area currently cut by the first nozzle 3a. In this way, when the first nozzle 3a moves from point A to the right to point B, the area between point A and point B has been detected by the height adjustment assembly 5. Therefore, the controller 6 can adjust the second spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the detection area 9 according to the first spacing distance L during the process of the first nozzle 3a moving from point A to the right to point B and when the first nozzle 3a moves to point B. , and make the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material match the high-energy area of the high-temperature flame. Even when the cutting device 100 needs to cut into the edge of the material, point B, as the edge position of the material, can still be detected by the cutting device 100 prepared at point A, so that when the cutting device 100 moves from point A to point B, the spacing distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material can always be maintained within an appropriate range.

[0090] The cutting path of the cutting device 100 is usually quite diverse to adapt to different cutting requirements of the material. To enable the cutting device 100 to adapt to multiple cutting paths, it may be necessary to form more detection points on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. Refer to Figures 2 - 9 , as an example of this embodiment, the height adjustment assembly 5 includes a plurality of probes 5a. The probes 5a are used to emit either ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area 9a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. Moreover, the plurality of probes 5a are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a, such that the plurality of sub-detection areas 9a form a detection area 9 distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. It should be noted that some of the probes 5a may only be used to emit ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves. In this regard, the height adjustment assembly 5 needs to be paired with a receiver and / or a data processor to obtain the first distance L from the height adjustment assembly 5 to the detection area 9.

[0091] The number of the probes 5a can be two or more. Taking the case where the probes 5a emit electromagnetic waves to the material as an example, each probe 5a will form a sub-detection area 9a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a. The sub-detection areas 9a formed by each probe 5a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a may partially overlap or not overlap, so that the detection area 9 formed by the plurality of sub-detection areas 9a on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a presents as a ring, as Figure 8 shown, or presents as a plurality of arc segments, as Figure 9 shown. In this way, when the first nozzle 3a moves in a direction perpendicular to the first axis X, the next area that the first nozzle 3a moves to has been detected by the height adjustment assembly 5, so that when the first nozzle 3a moves in a direction perpendicular to the first axis X, the distance between the first nozzle 3a and the material can be adjusted in real time to always remain within an appropriate range.

[0092] In the case where the detection area 9 is formed by a plurality of sub-detection areas 9a, each probe 5a will feedback corresponding detection data to the data processor based on the corresponding sub-detection area 9a. Through the processing of the data processor, these detection data can be synthesized into one data, that is, the specific value of the first distance L. During the processing by the data processor, the data processor can screen these detection data, such as removing the maximum and minimum values of the detection data, and calculating the average value of these detection data through an average operation, so as to avoid the detection accuracy of the height adjustment assembly 5 being affected by the damage of some probes 5a in the cutting device 100.

[0093] It should be noted that the material is usually placed on the cutting table, and there is a certain spacing distance between the upper surface of the material and the cutting table. Considering that the material has certain boundaries, if the area covered by the detection area 9 is too large, when the cutting device 100 is near the boundary of the material, the sub-detection area 9a distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a may fall on the cutting table, resulting in an obvious deviation between the first spacing distance L from the height adjustment assembly 5 to the detection area 9 and the actual spacing distance. In this regard, referring to Figures 1 - 4 , as an example of this embodiment, the cutting device 100 further includes a plurality of adjustment holes 10, and the adjustment holes 10 extend along the first axial direction X, and the adjustment holes 10 have a first end 10a and a second end 10b arranged oppositely in the first axial direction X. The first end 10a is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole 10 gradually expands from the first end 10a to the second end 10b; the probe 5a is connected to the first end 10a to reduce the area of the sub-detection area 9a formed by the probe 5a through the adjustment hole 10.

[0094] The ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probe 5a towards the material will gradually spread along the propagation path until the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves fall on the upper surface of the material and form a Figures 6 - 9 radiation energy distribution pattern as shown. It should be noted that Figures 6 - 9 the radiation energy distribution pattern shown is only used to illustrate the relative position distribution of the sub-detection area 9a, the detection area 9 and the cutting position, and does not limit the shape and area size of the sub-detection area 9a and the detection area 9.

[0095] After the probe 5a is arranged at the first end 10a of the adjustment hole 10, the adjustment hole 10 can limit the diffusion surface of the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probe 5a based on the inner diameter size of the second end 10b, so that the diffusion range of the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves passing through the adjustment hole 10 will be readjusted based on the inner diameter size of the second end 10b of the adjustment hole 10, thereby enabling the probe 5a to reduce the area of the sub-detection area 9a through the adjustment hole 10. Of course, if the area of the sub-detection area 9a is too small, it will also affect the accuracy of the first spacing distance L. Therefore, the inner diameter of the adjustment hole 10 gradually expands from the first end 10a to the second end 10b, making the structure of the adjustment hole 10 adapt to the diffusion situation of the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves, and avoiding excessive limitation of the diffusion range of the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves.

[0096] It should be noted that the area of the above-mentioned sub-detection area 9a refers to the area of the radiation energy distribution pattern formed by the sub-detection area 9a on the upper surface of the material, and this radiation energy distribution pattern can be calculated by computer simulation software (such as HFSS, CST, FEKO, etc.).

[0097] The adapter assembly 2 can also cooperate with the optical system of the laser cutting to enable the cutting device 100 to achieve laser-flame composite cutting. Of course, when the cutting device 100 is applied to laser-flame composite cutting, an optical system for laser cutting needs to be arranged on the upper side of the adapter assembly 2. Refer to Figure 4 , 10 -18. As an example of this embodiment, the cutting device 100 further includes a main body assembly 1. A first channel 11a is arranged in the main body assembly 1, and an optical unit 12 is arranged in the first channel 11a. The optical unit 12 is used to adjust the laser beam incident into the first channel 11a, such as collimating and focusing the laser beam, etc.; and, the adapter assembly 2 is connected to the main body assembly 1, and a second channel 11b is further arranged in the adapter assembly 2. Wherein, the second channel 11b and the first channel 11a are arranged in the same direction along the first axis X, and the second channel 11b is communicated with the first channel 11a, so that the first channel 11a and the second channel 11b form a laser channel 11 for the laser beam to pass through, and the laser channel 11 extends along the first axis X. The cutting gas channel 7 is communicated with the side of the second channel 11b to guide the cutting gas into the second channel 11b and avoid the cutting gas channel 7 interfering with the arrangement of the laser channel 11. The gas channel group 8 is separated from the second channel 11b; and, the first nozzle 3a is respectively communicated with the second channel 11b and the gas channel group 8 to guide the laser beam, the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material.

[0098] In this embodiment, a connection socket 32 is arranged at the top of the main body assembly 1. The connection socket 32 is used to connect with an external laser source to guide the laser beam emitted by the external laser source into the main body assembly 1. A first channel 11a extending along the first axis X is arranged in the main body assembly 1, and an optical unit 12 is arranged in the first channel 11a. The optical unit 12 may include a collimating mirror group, a focusing mirror group, etc., and is used to adjust the laser beam incident into the first channel 11a to collimate and focus the laser beam. Through the adjustment of the optical unit 12, the laser beam incident into the first channel 11a can form a high-energy beam required for cutting.

[0099] It should be noted that in some cutting devices 100, the optical channels for guiding the laser beam may not be in the same direction. For example, the laser beam can be incident into the main body assembly 1 in a direction perpendicular to the first axis X, and through a reflecting mirror arranged inside the main body assembly 1, it is reflected into the first channel 11a. In this type of cutting device 100, the first channel 11a is the space where the collimating mirror group and the focusing mirror group are located and belongs to a part of the optical channel.

[0100] It should be noted that the connection component 2 and the main body component 1 can be in a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Moreover, the connection component 2 itself can adopt a multi-segment splicing structure. However, in the cutting device 100, an optical unit 12 is arranged in the main body component 1, and a cutting gas channel 7 is arranged in the connection component 2. Therefore, in the cutting device 100, the main body component 1 and the connection component 2 can be distinguished according to the positions of the cutting gas channel 7 and the optical unit 12.

[0101] By connecting the connection component 2 to the lower side of the main body component 1, the cutting device 100 can transmit the laser beam through the laser channel 11 and guide the laser beam to the material through the first nozzle 3a. In this way, during the ignition stage of the cutting device 100, the cutting device 100 can use the sparks generated by hitting the laser beam on the surface of the material to ignite the cutting gas and the combustion gas, so that a high-temperature flame is formed at the lower end of the first nozzle 3a. Moreover, during the cutting stage of the cutting device 100, the cutting device 100 can use the laser beam to assist in cutting, that is, guide the laser beam to the surface of the material to quickly heat the area to be cut of the material to the melting point, and cooperate with the high-speed air flow formed by the cutting gas to cut the medium-thick plate to achieve laser-flame composite cutting.

[0102] It should be noted that the main body component 1 of the cutting device 100 can be the structure of a conventional laser cutting head, that is, on the basis of the conventional laser cutting head, the cutting device 100 can form a laser-flame composite cutting head by matching the connection component 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the cutting device 100.

[0103] To facilitate the height adjustment component 5 to move synchronously with the cutting device 100, in some cutting devices 100, the height adjustment component 5 may be assembled in the connection component 2. Refer to Figures 10 - 18 , as an example of this embodiment, the connection component 2 includes a connection base 2a, and a first accommodation space 2a1 is provided in the connection base 2a. The height adjustment component 5 is fixed in the first accommodation space 2a1.

[0104] It should be noted that the connection base 2a is on the layout path of the laser channel 11. Therefore, a first light passing hole 2a2 is provided in the connection base 2a. The first light passing hole 2a2 is separated from the first accommodation space 2a1. And taking the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axis X, the first light passing hole 2a2 penetrates the connection base 2a along the first axis X. In this way, the first light passing hole 2a2 will constitute a part of the second channel 11b, and the laser beam transmitted through the first channel 11a can pass through the first light passing hole 2a2 and reach the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0105] Moreover, when the cutting device 100 is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes 10, the adjustment holes 10 can also be formed in the adapter base 2a and communicate with the first accommodation space 2a1. The plurality of adjustment holes 10 are distributed on the periphery of the first light-passing hole 2a2, so that the height adjustment assembly 5 can cooperate with the adjustment holes 10 of the adapter base 2a, enabling the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the height adjustment assembly 5 to pass through the adjustment holes 10 to reduce the area of the sub-detection area 9a. The above-mentioned sub-detection area 9a emits one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material through the probe 5a, thereby forming on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a.

[0106] It should be noted that the above-mentioned adjustment holes 10 are used to cooperate with the height adjustment assembly 5, so that the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probe 5a of the height adjustment assembly 5 can pass through the adjustment holes 10 to reduce the area of the sub-detection area 9a. The adjustment holes 10 can be Figure 2 the structure shown, that is: taking the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axial direction X, the adjustment holes 10 extend along the first axial direction X, and the adjustment holes 10 have a first end 10a and a second end 10b arranged oppositely in the first axial direction X. The first end 10a is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole 10 gradually expands from the first end 10a to the second end 10b. Of course, the adjustment holes 10 can also adopt other structural designs, such as a flared opening with a parabolic profile, etc.

[0107] In some cutting devices 100, the height adjustment assembly 5 may be a cooperative design of the control board 5b and the probe 5a. The control board 5b is an existing data control board such as a PCB board. In this type of cutting device 100, referring to Figures 10 - 18 , the bottom of the first accommodation space 2a1 can be a flat structure. The control board 5b is attached to the bottom of the first accommodation space 2a1, and the probe 5a is installed on the side of the control board 5b facing the material and extends into the adjustment holes 10. Through the positioning and calibration of the first accommodation space 2a1, the plurality of probes 5a can be ensured to be in the same horizontal position and jointly face the material, ensuring that the assembly process of the height adjustment assembly 5 will not affect the detection accuracy of the height adjustment assembly 5.

[0108] To facilitate the assembly of the height adjustment assembly 5 into the first accommodation space 2a1, an entrance and exit may be provided in the first accommodation space 2a1. Referring to Figures 10 - 18, as an example of this embodiment, an opening 2a3 communicating with the first accommodation space 2a1 is provided at the top of the adapter base 2a. In this way, the height adjustment assembly 5 can be assembled into the first accommodation space 2a1 through the opening 2a3. Of course, in order to cover this opening 2a3, the adapter assembly 2 may further include an adapter cover plate 2b. The adapter cover plate 2b covers the opening 2a3, and a second light passing hole 2b1 is provided in the adapter cover plate 2b. The second light passing hole 2b1 penetrates the adapter cover plate 2b along the first axis X and communicates with the first light passing hole 2a2 to ensure that the laser beam can pass through the second light passing hole 2b1 and the first light passing hole 2a2 and reach the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0109] Through the cooperation of the adapter base 2a and the adapter cover plate 2b, the adapter assembly 2, as a connection structure between the main body assembly 1 and the first nozzle assembly 3, integrates the cutting gas channel 7 and the gas channel group 8 required for flame cutting, the laser channel 11 required for laser cutting, and the height adjustment assembly 5 required for height adjustment during the cutting process. In this way, based on the conventional laser cutting head, by matching the adapter assembly 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3, the present cutting device 100 can form a laser-flame composite cutting head with the conventional laser cutting head, and by using the height adjustment assembly 5, the present cutting device 100 can be adjusted in real time with the movement during the cutting process to ensure the efficiency of the cutting process.

[0110] To ensure that when the adapter base 2a and the adapter cover plate 2b are assembled and connected, the first light passing hole 2a2 and the second light passing hole 2b1 can be accurately aligned to ensure that the laser beam smoothly passes through the first light passing hole 2a2 and the second light passing hole 2b1, refer to Figures 10 - 18 , as an example of this embodiment, the first light passing hole 2a2 and the second light passing hole 2b1 are tapered holes, and the side of the tapered hole facing the material is the small end; moreover, the small end of the second light passing hole 2b1 is inserted into the inside of the large end of the first light passing hole 2a2 so that the first light passing hole 2a2 and the second light passing hole 2b1 can be spliced in sequence. Furthermore, a boss 2b10 extending outward from the second light passing hole 2b1 can be provided on the outside of the small end of the second light passing hole 2b1. The boss 2b10 abuts against the inside of the large end of the first light passing hole 2a2, so that the first light passing hole 2a2 and the second light passing hole 2b1 are accurately aligned. Moreover, based on the cooperation between the boss 2b10 and the first light passing hole 2a2, a spaced space 13 for preventing foreign matters from invading is formed between the small end of the second light passing hole 2b1 and the inner wall of the first light passing hole 2a2, reducing the possibility of the spatter generated during the cutting process from entering the first channel 11a reversely.

[0111] When the cutting device 100 is configured with the adapter assembly 2 and the main body assembly 1, the cutting device 100 can realize the switching of cutting modes among flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame hybrid cutting. Of course, the nozzles used for flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame hybrid cutting are different. When the cutting device 100 realizes the switching of cutting modes among flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame hybrid cutting, the cutting device 100 needs to replace the corresponding nozzles. For this reason, the first nozzle assembly 3 and the adapter assembly 2 can be detachably engaged; and, referring to Figures 19 - 22 , the cutting device 100 further includes a second nozzle assembly 4. The second nozzle assembly 4 is detachably connected to the adapter assembly 2, and one of the second nozzle assembly 4 and the first nozzle assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the adapter assembly 2, and the other is separated from the adapter assembly 2, so that the cutting device 100 only cooperates with one nozzle assembly during the cutting process. And, the second nozzle assembly 4 includes a second nozzle 4a. The second nozzle 4a is communicated with the laser channel 11 to guide the laser beam to the material. In this way, by replacing the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4, the cutting device 100 can switch between the two cutting modes of laser cutting and laser-flame hybrid cutting: when the cutting device 100 is equipped with the first nozzle assembly 3, the first nozzle assembly 3 can guide the laser beam, cutting gas, and combustion gas to the material, so that the cutting device 100 realizes laser-flame hybrid cutting. When the cutting device 100 is equipped with the second nozzle assembly 4, the second nozzle assembly 4 can guide the laser beam to the material, so that the cutting device 100 realizes laser cutting. Of course, when the cutting device 100 is equipped with the first nozzle assembly 3, the cutting device 100 can also only introduce the cutting gas and combustion gas, and use the first nozzle assembly 3 to realize flame cutting.

[0112] It should be noted that the specifications of the nozzles used for flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame hybrid cutting are usually different. Especially for the nozzle used for laser cutting and the nozzle used for laser-flame hybrid cutting, the specification sizes of the two are quite different, and it is difficult to install and replace them uniformly. This results in that when replacing the nozzle of the existing cutting head, a large number of connection structures need to be removed, and the replacement process is relatively cumbersome, resulting in low efficiency of replacing the nozzle, which is likely to affect the cutting production efficiency. However, the cutting device 100 realizes the switching of cutting modes among flame cutting, laser cutting, and laser-flame hybrid cutting, not by replacing the nozzle, but by replacing the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 as a whole.

[0113] For example, the first nozzle assembly 3 can be configured with an adapter structure so that the existing nozzle can cooperate with the adapter assembly 2. Referring to Figures 10 - 18, as an example of this embodiment, the first nozzle assembly 3 further includes a first connection base 3b, and the first connection base 3b is detachably connected to the adapter assembly 2; moreover, a first connection hole 15 is provided in the first connection base 3b, and the upper part of the first connection hole 15 communicates with the laser channel 11 through a second connection hole 16; the first nozzle 3a is installed in the first connection hole 15 and communicates with the inside of the first connection hole 15, and a nozzle channel group 14 communicating with the gas channel group 8 is further provided in the first connection base 3b, and the nozzle channel group 14 communicates with the first connection hole 15 to introduce the combustion gas into the first nozzle 3a.

[0114] Through the transfer and cooperation of the first connection base 3b, the first nozzle 3a can adopt an existing flame nozzle, and through the first connection base 3b, the first nozzle 3a is connected to the adapter assembly 2. In this way, for flame nozzles of different specifications, the cutting device 100 can be configured with corresponding first connection bases 3b, so that the same adapter assembly 2 can be matched with flame nozzles of different specifications, greatly improving the versatility of the upper structure (the main body assembly 1 and the adapter assembly 2) of the cutting device 100.

[0115] The first nozzle 3a can adopt a structure in which a flow guide member 3a1 and a flow guide sleeve 3a2 sleeved outside the flow guide member 3a1 cooperate with each other. In this way, when the cutting device 100 adopts the laser-flame cutting method, the laser beam transmitted to the first nozzle assembly 3 through the laser channel 11 can sequentially pass through the second connection hole 16 and the first connection hole 15, enter the inside of the flow guide member 3a1, and be ejected from the inner side of the flow guide member 3a1 to the surface of the material. At the same time, the cutting gas is delivered to the first nozzle assembly 3 through the second channel 11b, sequentially passes through the second connection hole 16 and the first connection hole 15, enters the inside of the flow guide member 3a1, and is ejected from the inner side of the flow guide member 3a1 to the surface of the material; the combustion gas is delivered to the nozzle channel group 14 through the gas channel group 8, enters the space between the flow guide member 3a1 and the flow guide sleeve 3a2 through the first connection hole 15, and is ejected from the outside of the flow guide member 3a1 to the surface of the material. It should be noted that the flow guide member 3a1 guides and diverts the cutting gas, the laser beam and the combustion gas. The cutting gas and the laser beam pass through the second connection hole 16 and the first connection hole 15 and will enter the inside of the flow guide member 3a1 and will not enter the outside of the flow guide member 3a1; while the combustion gas passes through the first connection hole 15 and will enter the space between the flow guide member 3a1 and the flow guide sleeve 3a2 and reach the outside of the flow guide member 3a1 and will not enter the internal channel of the flow guide member 3a1.

[0116] Of course, the second nozzle assembly 4 can also be configured with an adapter structure to enable an existing nozzle to cooperate with the adapter assembly 2. Referring to FIGS. 19-22, as an example of this embodiment, the second nozzle assembly 4 further includes a second connection seat 4b. The second connection seat 4b is detachably connected to the adapter assembly 2, and a third connection hole 17 is provided in the second connection seat 4b. The third connection hole 17 communicates with the laser channel 11. In this way, the second nozzle 4a can be connected to the lower side of the second connection seat 4b. Through the adapter cooperation of the second connection seat 4b, the second nozzle 4a can adopt an existing laser nozzle structure.

[0117] When the cutting device 100 is used as a laser-flame cutting head, the adapter structures configured for the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4, namely the first connection seat 3b and the second connection seat 4b, can enable the cutting device 100 to install laser nozzles of different specifications on the same adapter structure and install laser-flame nozzles of different specifications on the same adapter structure. Thus, the adapter assembly 2 can be matched with flame nozzles and laser nozzles of different specifications, further improving the versatility of the upper structure (the main body assembly 1 and the adapter assembly 2) of the cutting device 100.

[0118] With the cooperation of the first connection seat 3b and the second connection seat 4b, the assembly dimensions of the connection and cooperation between the adapter assembly 2 and the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 can be unified. In this way, the cutting device 100 can adopt a unified locking fit to achieve the quick replacement of the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4. For example, referring to Figures 10 - 22 , as an example of this embodiment, the cutting device 100 further includes a locking block 18. The locking block 18 is connected to the outer peripheral side of the adapter assembly 2 and presses the first connection seat 3b or the second connection seat 4b against the adapter assembly 2 to connect and fix the first connection seat 3b or the second connection seat 4b to the adapter assembly 2. A threaded fit can be adopted between the locking block 18 and the adapter assembly 2 to enable the locking block 18 to be quickly locked on the adapter assembly 2.

[0119] The locking block 18 can be a nut. With the cooperation of the locking block 18, the first connection seat 3b and the second connection seat 4b can be quickly locked and quickly unlocked from the adapter assembly 2. In this way, when switching between the first nozzle 3a cooperating with the first connection seat 3b and the second nozzle 4a cooperating with the second connection seat 4b, only by unlocking the locking block 18 can the first nozzle 3a and the second nozzle 4a be removed, enabling the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 to be quickly switched. In this way, when the cutting device 100 performs laser cutting and laser-flame composite cutting switching, the operator can achieve the quick replacement of the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4 without cumbersome operations.

[0120] When the cutting device 100 adopts laser cutting, the ambient temperature between the second nozzle assembly 4 and the material will be lower than the ambient temperature when the cutting device 100 adopts flame cutting or laser-flame cutting. Therefore, when the cutting device 100 adopts laser cutting, the height adjustment assembly 5 can adopt a capacitor height adjustment structure.

[0121] refer to Figures 19 - 22 As an example of this embodiment, the second nozzle assembly 4 also includes a ceramic ring 4c, which is arranged around the laser channel 11, and the side of the ceramic ring 4c facing the material is connected to the second nozzle 4a; the second nozzle 4a is an induction nozzle, and the side of the ceramic ring 4c facing away from the material is connected to a probe (not shown in the figure), and the probe is electrically connected to the second nozzle 4a, so that the ceramic ring 4c and the second nozzle 4a form an induction component, and a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material; and the height adjustment assembly 5 also includes a control board 5b, the control board 5b is communicatively connected to the controller 6, and the control board 5b is electrically connected to the probe, so that the control board 5b can obtain the potential change of the capacitor, and the controller 6 is configured to: when obtaining the potential change, adjust the third spacing distance between the second nozzle 4a and the material .

[0122] After a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material, the third spacing distance between the second nozzle 4a and the material is When the voltage changes, the potential of the capacitor will change, and the potential change will be transmitted to the control board 5b through the probe, and then transmitted to the controller 6 through the control board 5b. The controller 6 adjusts the third spacing distance between the second nozzle 4a and the material according to the received electrical signal. , so that the third spacing distance It is always within an appropriate range, thereby ensuring that the cutting device 100 can achieve efficient cutting and effectively guarantee the stability of the cutting quality.

[0123] When the cutting device 100 performs laser-flame composite cutting, the cutting gas enters the laser channel 11 through the second channel 11b and is emitted in the same direction as the laser beam. For this purpose, a channel structure is configured inside the cutting device 100 to guide the cutting gas into the second channel 11b. Figures 10 - 22 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 includes an adapter top seat 2c connected to the main body assembly 1, and a third light hole 19 connected to the first channel 11a is provided in the adapter top seat 2c, and the third light hole 19 constitutes a part of the second channel 11b; the cutting gas channel 7 is provided in the adapter top seat 2c and connected to the external environment.

[0124] It should be noted that if the cutting gas forms an air curtain perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam in the second channel 11b, it may affect the propagation of the laser beam. In this regard, the cutting device 100 can configure a gas guide structure to guide the flow of the cutting gas to avoid the cutting gas forming an air curtain. Figures 1 - 22 As an example of this embodiment, an air guide ring 20 is provided in the adapter top seat 2c, and the air guide ring 20 is arranged around the third light through hole 19. A fourth light through hole 21 connected with the third light through hole 19 is provided in the air guide ring 20, and the hole wall of the third light through hole 19 at least partially extends into the fourth light through hole 21, and an air inlet channel 22 is provided between the air guide ring 20 and the adapter top seat 2c, and the air inlet channel 22 is connected with the fourth light through hole 21 and the cutting gas channel 7, and extends toward the third light through hole 19 to the hole wall inside the fourth light through hole 21.

[0125] The third light hole 19 and the fourth light hole 21 together constitute part of the second channel 11b. The cutting gas that enters the adapter top seat 2c through the cutting gas channel 7 will enter the air inlet channel 22, and under the guidance of the hole wall of the third light hole 19, it will turn to the fourth light hole 21 and flow to the first nozzle assembly 3 along the second channel 11b. In this way, under the guidance of the air guide ring 20, the cutting gas will not rush into the second channel 11b in a direction perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam, thereby avoiding the cutting gas from forming an air curtain in the second channel 11b that affects the creation of the laser beam. Of course, the interconnected parts between the fourth light hole 21, the third light hole 19, and the second light hole 2b1 also use the boss 2b10 used by the first light hole 2a2 and the second light hole 2b1 to cooperate, so that the fourth light hole 21, the third light hole 19, and the second light hole 2b1 also have the effect of preventing foreign matter from intruding.

[0126] The interior of the adapter top seat 2c may be configured with a space to facilitate installation of the air guide ring 20. Figure 1 As an example of this embodiment, an installation space 2c1 is set in the adapter top seat 2c, and the installation space 2c1 is connected to the third light-through hole 19; taking the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axial direction X, the air guide ring 20 is set in the installation space 2c1 and extends along the first axial direction X, and the air guide ring 20 is spaced apart from the installation space 2c1 on one side close to the third light-through hole 19 to form an air inlet channel 22.

[0127] In some cutting devices 100, a buffer structure may be provided outside the gas guide ring 20 to further prevent the cutting gas from forming a gas curtain perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam in the second channel 11b. Figures 1 - 22As an example of this embodiment, a buffer ring 23 is further provided in the adapter top seat 2c. The buffer ring 23 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring 20 and is spaced apart from the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring 20, so that an air inlet passage 24 is formed between the buffer ring 23 and the air guide ring 20, and the air inlet passage 24 is connected to the air inlet channel 22, and an air inlet hole 25 is provided on the buffer ring 23, and the air inlet hole 25 is connected to the air inlet passage 24 and the cutting gas channel 7, so that the cutting gas goes along the cutting gas channel 7 → the air inlet hole 25 → the air inlet passage 24 → the air inlet channel 22, enters the fourth light hole 21, and is transported to the first nozzle assembly 3 along the second channel 11b, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0128] There can be multiple air inlet holes 25, which are distributed around the buffer ring 23. Moreover, the air inlet channel 22 and the air inlet passage 24 also have an annular channel structure, so that the cutting gas can be distributed around the buffer ring 23, so that the cutting gas entering the fourth light hole 21 can be more evenly distributed and transported along the second channel 11b.

[0129] It is understandable that when the cutting device 100 performs cutting operations, the first nozzle assembly 3 or the second nozzle assembly 4 will absorb more heat. In order to prevent the first nozzle assembly 3 or the second nozzle assembly 4 from overheating, the cutting device 100 will be equipped with a cooling structure to cool the two. Figures 1 - 24 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 further includes a cooling seat 2d, which is connected to the side of the first nozzle assembly 3 or the second nozzle assembly 4 facing away from the material, and a cooling channel 26 for passing fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d. Of course, the cooling seat 2d is also provided with a fifth light hole 33 to constitute a part of the second channel 11b, so that the laser beam can pass through the cooling seat 2d and enter the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0130] The fluid may be cooling water or cooling gas. The cooling channel 26 may adopt a labyrinth layout structure to extend the time for the cooling water or cooling gas to flow therein. Figures 23 - 24As an example of this embodiment, the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d is provided with a first area 2d1 and a second area 2d2 separated from each other, the first area 2d1 is provided with a cooling inlet 27, and the second area 2d2 is provided with a cooling outlet 28; and the cooling channel 26 includes a plurality of first cooling channels 26a and at least one second cooling channel 26b, with the height direction of the cutting device 100 as the first axial direction X, the plurality of first cooling channels 26a are arranged at intervals along the first axial direction X, and the plurality of first cooling channels 26a are respectively arranged in the first area 2d 1 and the second zone 2d2; and, in the first zone 2d1, two first cooling channels 26a adjacent to each other in the first axial direction X are connected end to end, and the cooling inlet 27 is connected to one first cooling channel 26a; in the second zone 2d2, two first cooling channels 26a adjacent to each other in the first axial direction X are connected end to end, and the cooling outlet 28 is connected to one first cooling channel 26a; the second cooling channel 26b is respectively connected to the first cooling channel 26a located in the first zone 2d1 and the first cooling channel 26a located in the second zone 2d2.

[0131] Taking cooling water as an example, refer to Figure 14 , 23 -24, the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d is covered with a water-cooling jacket 29 to seal the first cooling channel 26a and the second cooling channel 26b. The cooling inlet 27 and the cooling outlet 28 are both arranged at the upper part of the cooling seat 2d; the number of the second cooling channel 26b is one, and one second cooling channel 26b is arranged around the lower part of the cooling seat 2d. The external cooling water enters the first zone 2d1 from the cooling inlet 27, flows along the first cooling channel 26a at the top, and flows to the first cooling channel 26a at the bottom through the first cooling channel 26a connected end to end, and then enters the second cooling channel 26b. Guided by the second cooling channel 26b, the cooling water enters the second zone 2d2 through the second cooling channel 26b, flows into the first cooling channel 26a at the lower part of the second zone 2d2, and flows to the first cooling channel 26a at the top of the second zone 2d2 through the first cooling channel 26a connected end to end, and then enters the cooling outlet 28, forming a cooling cycle. Through the cooling of external cooling water, the cooling seat 2d can take away the heat absorbed by the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4, and cool the first nozzle assembly 3 and the second nozzle assembly 4.

[0132] It is understandable that when the cutting device 100 performs flame cutting or laser-flame composite cutting, the gas channel group 8 will be fed with combustion gas to generate a high-temperature flame through a combustion reaction. The combustion gas generally includes a combustion gas and a combustion-supporting gas. Accordingly, the cutting device 100 is also provided with channels for conveying the combustion gas and the combustion-supporting gas. Figure 4 , 10-22. As an example of this embodiment, the gas channel group 8 includes a combustion gas channel 8a and a combustion-supporting gas channel 8b. Among them, the combustion gas channel 8a is used to introduce combustion gas, and the combustion gas channel 8a is separated from the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b and communicates with the first nozzle assembly 3; the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas and communicates with the first nozzle assembly 3.

[0133] The gas channel group 8 is integrated into the adapter assembly 2, enabling the adapter assembly 2 to have the functions of height adjustment, conveying combustion gas, and outputting laser. This is beneficial to improving the integration degree of the adapter assembly 2 and facilitating the cooperation between the adapter assembly 2 and the existing laser cutting head to form the cutting device 100. Refer to Figures 10 - 22 As an example of this embodiment, the adapter assembly 2 includes an adapter base 2a and a cooling seat 2d. Among them, the second channel 11b runs through the adapter base 2a and the cooling seat 2d, and a first accommodation space 2a1 is provided in the adapter base 2a. The height adjustment assembly 5 is fixed in the first accommodation space 2a1, and a separately arranged combustion gas inlet channel 30 and combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31 are provided on the adapter base 2a. The combustion gas inlet channel 30 and the combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31 can be connected to an external gas supply device through valves; the cooling seat 2d is connected between the adapter base 2a and the first nozzle assembly 3, and a cooling channel 26 for introducing fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat 2d. In addition, the combustion gas channel 8a and the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b are arranged in the cooling seat 2d, and the combustion gas channel 8a communicates with the combustion gas inlet channel 30, and the combustion-supporting gas channel 8b communicates with the combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31.

[0134] By installing the height adjustment assembly 5 in the adapter assembly 2 and configuring the cooling seat 2d, the gas channel group 8, and the combustion gas inlet channel 30 and the combustion-supporting gas inlet channel 31 communicating with the gas channel group 8, the adapter assembly 2 integrates functions such as height adjustment, cooling, gas supply, and laser transmission, enabling the adapter assembly 2 to form a highly integrated connection structure, enabling the cutting device 100 to be modified by using the existing laser cutting head in cooperation with the adapter assembly 2, expanding the applicable scenarios of the existing laser cutting head, and improving the universality of the cutting device 100.

[0135] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting device 100. By arranging a height adjustment component 5 above the first nozzle assembly 3, the height adjustment component 5 is kept away from the high-temperature cutting area, avoiding the direct influence of the high-temperature environment on the height adjustment component 5. Moreover, by emitting either ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves through the height adjustment component 5, the cutting device 100 can obtain the first interval distance L from the height adjustment component 5 to the detection area 9 in a non-contact manner, enabling the height adjustment component 5 to adapt to the high-temperature environment of flame cutting and laser-flame hybrid cutting. Furthermore, the height adjustment component 5 can form a detection area 9 on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle 3a, and at least part of the detection area 9 covers the next area where the first nozzle 3a moves along the cutting path. In this way, when the first nozzle assembly 3 performs a cutting operation at the current position, the height adjustment component 5 can obtain the first spacing distance L at the next position. Therefore, when the cutting device 100 moves along the cutting path and the first nozzle assembly 3 moves from the current position to the next position, the spacing distance between the first nozzle assembly 3 and the material is always adapted, and the high-energy areas of the laser beam and the flame are adapted to the material. As a result, the cutting device 100 can be adjusted in real time during the cutting process with the movement action, ensuring the efficiency of the cutting process.

[0136] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting device for cutting material along a cutting path, characterized in that: include: An adapter assembly, wherein a cutting gas channel and a gas channel group are provided in the adapter assembly, wherein the cutting gas channel is used to introduce cutting gas, and the gas channel group is used to introduce combustion gas; A first nozzle assembly, the first nozzle assembly is connected to the adapter assembly, and the first nozzle assembly includes a first nozzle, the first nozzle is communicated with the cutting gas channel and the gas channel group to guide the cutting gas and the combustion gas to the material; a height adjustment component, the height adjustment component is disposed above the first nozzle component and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle component, and the height adjustment component moves synchronously with the first nozzle component, and the height adjustment component is configured to emit at least one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, so as to form a detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and obtain a first spacing distance L from the height adjustment component to the detection area, wherein the detection area at least partially covers the next area where the first nozzle moves along the cutting path; and, A controller, the controller being connected to at least the height adjustment component, and the controller being configured to adjust a second spacing distance between the first nozzle and the detection area when the first spacing distance L is obtained. .

2. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The height adjustment component includes multiple probes, which are used to emit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, and the multiple probes are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle, so that the multiple sub-detection areas constitute a detection area distributed on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle.

3. The cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes a plurality of adjustment holes, and with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the adjustment holes are extended along the first axial direction, and the adjustment holes have a first end and a second end that are relatively arranged in the first axial direction, the first end is on the side away from the material, and the inner diameter of the adjustment hole gradually increases from the first end to the second end; the probe is connected to the first end, and the area of ​​the sub-detection zone formed by the probe is reduced through the adjustment hole.

4. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes: A main body component, wherein a first channel is disposed in the main body component, and an optical unit is disposed in the first channel, wherein the optical unit is used to adjust a laser beam incident into the first channel; and The adapter assembly is connected to the main assembly, and a second channel is also provided in the adapter assembly, wherein the second channel is interconnected with the first channel to form a laser channel for the laser beam to pass through, and the cutting gas channel is connected to the side of the second channel to guide the cutting gas into the second channel; and the gas channel group is separated from the second channel; and the first nozzle is connected to the second channel to guide the laser beam to the material.

5. The cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The adapter assembly includes an adapter base, a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, and the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space; a first light-through hole is provided in the adapter base, the first light-through hole is separated from the first accommodating space, and, with the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the first light-through hole passes through the adapter base along the first axial direction.

6. The cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that The height adjustment assembly includes a plurality of probes, and the probes are used to transmit one of ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves to the material, thereby forming a sub-detection area on the outer peripheral side of the first nozzle; and The cutting device also includes a plurality of adjustment holes, which are formed in the adapter base and connected to the first accommodating space, and the plurality of adjustment holes are distributed around the first light-transmitting hole, and the adjustment holes cooperate with the height adjustment assembly so that the ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves emitted by the probe can pass through the adjustment holes, thereby reducing the area of ​​the sub-detection area.

7. The cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that The top of the adapter base is provided with an opening communicating with the first accommodating space; and, The adapter assembly further includes an adapter cover plate, which covers the opening and has a second light-through hole disposed therein. The second light-through hole penetrates the adapter cover plate along the first axial direction and is connected to the first light-through hole.

8. The cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that The first light-through hole and the second light-through hole are conical holes, and the side of the conical hole facing the material is the small end; the small end of the second light-through hole is inserted into the interior of the large end of the first light-through hole, and a boss extending toward the outside of the second light-through hole is provided on the outer side of the small end of the second light-through hole, and the boss abuts against the inner side of the large end of the first light-through hole, so that a spacing space is formed between the small end of the second light-through hole and the inner wall of the first light-through hole to prevent the intrusion of foreign matter.

9. The cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first nozzle assembly and the adapter assembly are detachably matched; and the cutting device also includes a second nozzle assembly, which is detachably connected to the adapter assembly, and one of the second nozzle assembly and the first nozzle assembly is connected and fixed to the adapter assembly, and the other is separated from the adapter assembly; and the second nozzle assembly includes a second nozzle, which is connected to the laser channel to guide the laser beam to the material.

10. The cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that The first nozzle assembly also includes a first connecting seat, which is detachably matched with the adapter assembly; and a first connecting hole is provided in the first connecting seat, which is connected to the laser channel; the first nozzle is installed in the first connecting hole and is connected to the first connecting hole; a nozzle channel group connected to the gas channel group is also provided in the first connecting seat, and the nozzle channel group is connected to the first connecting hole to introduce combustion gas into the first nozzle.

11. The cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that The second nozzle assembly further includes a second connection seat, the second connection seat and the adapter assembly are detachably matched, and a third connection hole is provided in the second connection seat, and the third connection hole is communicated with the laser channel.

12. The cutting device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The cutting device also includes a locking block, which is connected to the outer peripheral side of the adapter assembly and presses the first connecting seat or the second connecting seat onto the adapter assembly to connect and fix the first connecting seat or the second connecting seat to the adapter assembly.

13. The cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that The second nozzle assembly further includes a ceramic ring, which is arranged around the laser channel, and the side of the ceramic ring facing the material is connected to the second nozzle; the second nozzle is an induction nozzle, and the side of the ceramic ring facing away from the material is connected to a probe, and the probe is electrically connected to the second nozzle, so that the ceramic ring and the second nozzle form an induction component, and a capacitor is formed between the induction component and the material; and, The height adjustment assembly further includes a control board, the control board is communicatively connected to the controller, and the control board is electrically connected to the probe, so that the control board can obtain the potential change of the capacitor; and The controller is configured to: adjust a third spacing distance between the second nozzle and the material when the potential change is obtained .

14. The cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The adapter assembly includes an adapter top seat connected to the main body assembly, and a third light hole connected to the first channel is arranged in the adapter top seat, and the third light hole constitutes part of the second channel; the cutting gas channel is arranged in the adapter top seat and connected to the external environment.

15. The cutting device according to claim 14, characterized in that An air guide ring is provided in the adapter top seat, and the air guide ring is arranged around the third light through hole. A fourth light through hole connected with the third light through hole is provided in the air guide ring, and a hole wall of the third light through hole at least partially extends into the fourth light through hole, and an air inlet channel is provided between the air guide ring and the adapter top seat, and the air inlet channel is connected with the fourth light through hole and the cutting gas channel, and extends toward the third light through hole to the hole wall inside the fourth light through hole.

16. The cutting device according to claim 15, characterized in that A buffer ring is also provided in the adapter top seat, and the buffer ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring and is spaced apart from the outer peripheral side of the air guide ring, so that an air inlet passage is formed between the buffer ring and the air guide ring, and the air inlet passage is connected with the air inlet channel, and an air inlet hole is provided on the buffer ring, and the air inlet hole connects the air inlet passage and the cutting gas channel.

17. The cutting device according to claim 15, characterized in that An installation space is provided in the adapter top seat, and the installation space is communicated with the third light-through hole. Taking the height direction of the cutting device as the first axial direction, the air guide ring is provided in the installation space and extends along the first axial direction, and the air guide ring is spaced apart from the installation space on a side close to the third light-through hole to form the air inlet channel.

18. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The adapter assembly further comprises a cooling seat, which is connected to a side of the first nozzle assembly facing away from the material, and a cooling channel for passing fluid is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat.

19. The cutting device according to claim 18, characterized in that The outer peripheral side of the cooling seat is provided with a first zone and a second zone separated from each other, the first zone is provided with a cooling inlet, and the second zone is provided with a cooling outlet; and, The cooling channel includes a plurality of first cooling channels and at least one second cooling channel, with the height direction of the cutting device as a first axial direction, the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the first axial direction, and the plurality of first cooling channels are arranged in the first zone and the second zone respectively; and, In the first zone, two first cooling channels adjacent to each other in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling inlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels; In the second zone, two adjacent first cooling channels in the first axial direction are connected end to end, and the cooling outlet is connected to one of the first cooling channels; The second cooling channel is communicated with the first cooling channel located in the first zone and the first cooling channel located in the second zone respectively.

20. The cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas channel group includes a combustion gas channel and a combustion-supporting gas channel, wherein the combustion gas channel is used to introduce combustion gas, and the combustion gas channel is separated from the combustion-supporting gas channel and connected to the first nozzle assembly; the combustion-supporting gas channel is used to introduce combustion-supporting gas and connected to the first nozzle assembly.

21. The cutting device according to claim 20, characterized in that The adapter assembly includes an adapter base and a cooling seat, wherein a first accommodating space is provided in the adapter base, the height adjustment assembly is fixed in the first accommodating space, and a combustion gas intake channel and a combustion-supporting gas intake channel which are separated and arranged are provided on the adapter base; the cooling seat is connected between the adapter base and the first nozzle assembly, and a cooling channel for passing a fluid is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling seat, and, The combustion gas channel and the combustion-supporting gas channel are arranged in the cooling seat, and the combustion gas channel is communicated with the combustion gas intake channel, and the combustion-supporting gas channel is communicated with the combustion-supporting gas intake channel.

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