Disassembling and assembling device for coupler buffer of railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of railway vehicle dismounting and mounting equipment, and particularly relates to a railway vehicle coupler buffer dismounting and mounting device which comprises a top plate, an elastic arm plate mechanism and an electromagnetic lock mechanism. Column holes and slotted holes corresponding to the supporting blocks are formed in the top plate. Protruding column bodies matched with the column holes and side plates matched with the groove holes are formed on the supporting blocks. The two ends of a spring arranged in the column hole are matched with the end cover and the protruding column body. The elastic arm plate mechanism comprises an elastic deformation arm plate. The electromagnetic lock mechanism comprises an electromagnetic lock body fixed to the top plate and an iron plate part fixed to the side plate. The lower ends of the elastic deformation arm plates are fixedly connected with the lower ends of the side plates, and the upper ends of the elastic deformation arm plates are fixedly connected with the top plate. And the elastic deformation arm plate is provided with a sensing piece which can generate physical quantity change along with the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation arm plate. The impact strength between the supporting block and the coupler buffer can be reduced, and the situation of excessive deformation of the top plate can be effectively restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle disassembly and assembly machinery, and in particular to a rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device. Background Art

[0002] The coupler buffer, or coupler buffer, is a vehicle connection component used to connect vehicles, locomotives or EMUs to each other, transmit traction, braking force and mitigate longitudinal impact force. It is composed of a coupler, a buffer, a coupler tail frame and other parts. In view of the important role played by the coupler buffer in driving safety and braking safety, it is required to regularly inspect and repair the coupler buffer. Before inspection, the coupler buffer needs to be removed from the bottom of the car body of the rail vehicle, and after the inspection is completed, the coupler buffer is reinstalled on the car body. The coupler buffer and the car body are mostly fixedly connected by a coupler support beam, a coupler tail frame support plate and a safety support plate. Moreover, the coupler support beam, the coupler tail frame support plate and the safety support plate are fixedly connected to the car body by bolts. Therefore, in the inspection and repair of the coupler buffer, the disassembly and assembly of the coupler buffer is often involved, and it is necessary to repeatedly tighten and unscrew multiple sets of bolts connected between the coupler support beam, the coupler tail frame support plate, and the safety support plate and the car body. Because the distribution positions of the multiple groups of bolts are variable, a coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device is required to improve work efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, the technical solution disclosed in the patent document with application number 2023104038420 and named a coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device shows that the disassembly and assembly device involved includes a lifting device, a tightening device, a pallet assembly and a mobile trolley, etc.

[0004] The lifting device is movably arranged on the mobile trolley, and the lifting device includes a scissor-type lifting device and a buffer mechanism, and the buffer mechanism is arranged on the scissor-type lifting device; the tightening device is movably arranged on the buffer mechanism, and the tightening device includes a tightening main machine and a tightening lifting assembly, and the tightening main machine is arranged on the tightening lifting assembly, and the tray assembly is arranged on the buffer mechanism and is located above the tightening device. Figure 8 This is a drawing involved in the above patent document (with the drawing numbers and some names changed), which is summarized as follows.

[0005] like Figure 8As shown, the coupler buffer 100 includes a coupler 101, a coupler frame 102 and a buffer 103, and a coupler frame support plate 104 is arranged at the free end of the coupler frame 102, a coupler support beam 106 is arranged at the position where the coupler 101 and the coupler frame 102 are connected, and a safety support plate 105 is arranged below the buffer 103. The buffer mechanism 200 in the disassembly and assembly device includes a bottom plate 201, four pillars 202, buffer springs 203 corresponding to the pillars 202, and a support plate 204. The bottom plate 201 is installed on the upper part of the scissor-type lifting mechanism 300, and can be lifted and lowered by the buffer mechanism 200 under the drive of the scissor-type lifting mechanism 300. The support plate 204 is arranged above the bottom plate 201 through the pillars 202 and the buffer springs 203, and can be lifted and lowered relative to the bottom plate 201. A pair of limit blocks 2041 and two support seats 2042 are arranged alternately on the support plate 204. During the disassembly and assembly operation, the two limit blocks 2041 contact the outer side of the hook tail frame support plate 104 and the outer side of the coupler support beam 106 respectively, and the coupler buffer 100 is limited on the support plate 204, and the two ends of the hook tail frame 102 are supported by the two support seats 2042. At that time, the safety support plate 105 is correspondingly located between the two support seats 2042. Therefore, under the technical scheme of the above-mentioned disassembly and assembly device, when the scissor-type lifting mechanism 300 is lifted, the buffer spring 203 in the buffer mechanism 200 can be compressed and deformed to avoid hard contact / collision between the support plate 204 and the coupler buffer 100 and between the coupler buffer 100 and the car body (of the rail vehicle), thereby improving the safety of the disassembly and assembly operation, avoiding strong collisions between parts that may be in contact, and helping to suppress damage and malfunctions of the support plate 204, the coupler buffer 100, etc. due to frequent collisions.

[0006] However, the technical solution disclosed in the above patent document still has some shortcomings: after the coupler buffer 100 directly contacts the support seat 2042, the force is transmitted to the support plate 204, and finally the buffer spring 203 is elastically deformed through the support plate 204. Therefore, during the disassembly and assembly process, there will inevitably be a strong impact between the coupler buffer 100 and the support seat 2042; in addition, because the four buffer springs 203 are distributed at the four corners of the support plate 204, and the support plate 204 is a long and narrow plate, it is easy to cause excessive deformation and damage to the middle area of ​​the plate body of the support plate 204 because the middle position of the plate surface often bears a relatively large impact force during the disassembly and assembly. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device, which improves the matching structure between the support block and the top plate, thereby reducing the impact strength between the support block and the coupler buffer, and effectively suppressing the occurrence of excessive deformation of the top plate due to frequent impacts.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device includes a bolt tightening shaft group, a bottom plate, a plurality of supporting connecting rods, and a top plate. The supporting connecting rods are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate and the top plate, and can fix the top plate directly above the bottom plate. Two limit baffles are alternately arranged on the top plate, and two supporting blocks are alternately arranged between the two limit baffles. In addition, it also includes a plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms and a plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms.

[0009] On the top plate, column holes are formed at positions where the support blocks are arranged, and a pair of slot holes are arranged on both sides of the column holes. The two paired slot holes are arranged at positions close to the width edges of the top plate on both sides. The number of column holes corresponding to each support block can be one or more. When a pair of column holes is arranged corresponding to each support block, the pair of column holes can be distributed alternately in the width direction of the top plate and located between the two paired slot holes.

[0010] On the support block, a protruding column is formed at the center of the lower end surface, and side panels are formed on the two side walls, and the side panels extend downwardly with a vertical length relative to the lower end surface of the support block. The number of protruding columns formed on each support block can be one or more, which should be consistent with the number of corresponding column holes.

[0011] The protruding column can be matched with the column hole and the lower end of the protruding column can be extended to the upper end of the column hole. The two side plates can be matched with the slots arranged on both sides of the column hole respectively and the lower ends of the side plates extend downward to the outside of the slots. Under the dual constraints of the protruding column and the side plates, the support block can move in the vertical direction relative to the top plate. A spring is arranged in the column hole and the axial direction of the spring is along the vertical direction. An end cover is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the column hole, and the two ends of the spring are matched with the lower end of the protruding column and the upper end of the end cover respectively.

[0012] The multiple elastic arm plate mechanisms are matched with the multiple side plates respectively, and each includes an elastic deformation arm plate. The width of the elastic deformation arm plate is arranged in the vertical direction, that is, it is consistent with the thickness of the top plate; the length of the elastic deformation arm plate is consistent with the length of the top plate. The lower end of the elastic deformation arm plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate respectively, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate, so that the elastic deformation arm plate can exert an elastic force in the vertical direction on the side plate.

[0013] Multiple electromagnetic lock mechanisms are matched with multiple side panels respectively, and each includes an electromagnetic lock body and an iron plate portion. The electromagnetic lock body is fixed on the side wall of the top plate, and the iron plate portion is fixed on the side plate. In the process of the iron plate portion moving relative to the top plate, the iron plate portion can maintain a matching state relative to the electromagnetic lock body, so that the electromagnetic lock body can be attracted to the iron plate portion at any time when powered on to prevent the side plate from continuing to move relative to the top plate, that is, the support block can be kept in a relatively fixed state relative to the top plate at any time. When the side plate itself is made of iron material, the side plate can be regarded as the iron plate portion, and the iron plate portion can be no longer provided separately.

[0014] A sensor is provided on the elastic deformation arm plate, and the sensor can change physical quantity as the elastic deformation arm plate produces elastic deformation, and trigger the controller to generate a sensor signal, and then control the power on and off state of the electromagnetic lock body through the controller.

[0015] Optionally, the middle part of the elastically deformable arm plate is formed into an arch plate type elastically deformable portion, and the notch side of the arch plate type elastically deformable portion is directed toward the plate surface side of the side plate. The sensing element is fixedly arranged on the arch plate type elastically deformable portion. When the arch plate type elastically deformable portion is elastically deformed, an elastic force in a vertical direction can be applied to the side plate, and the sensing element can be caused to generate a sensing signal.

[0016] Optionally, the sensing element is a strain sensor, and the controller includes a strain sensor electrically connected to the strain sensor. The controller is provided with a signal processing unit module and an instruction module connected to the strain sensor.

[0017] Optionally, each side panel is correspondingly configured with two elastic deformation mechanisms. The two elastic deformation mechanisms configured on the same side panel are symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer panels of the side panel. Such a design can improve the distribution of the force applied by the elastic arm plate mechanism on the side panel, to improve the balance of the elastic force, and make the elastic force acting on the side panel almost entirely in the vertical direction, that is, significantly weaken the component size of the elastic force in other directions, and can reduce the resistance encountered by the support block when moving downward, so that the side panel is almost close to the state of being only affected by the elastic resistance of the spring when moving downward in the vertical direction. In order to further improve the balance of the elastic force and improve the force distribution of the side panel, preferably, the elastic deformation arm plate is an elongated plate body extending along the length direction of the top plate, and the corresponding middle area of ​​the elastic deformation arm plate in the vertical direction is formed as an elastic deformation part. At that time, the arch plate type elastic deformation part is also in the shape of an elongated strip and is a narrow rectangle in top view.

[0018] The elastically deformable arm plates involved in the present invention are all in the following general form: that is, in the vertical direction, the middle area of ​​the elastically deformable arm plates is formed into a thin plate structure capable of elastic deformation. The cross section of the thin plate structure can be in an arch plate shape, a V shape, a wave shape, etc.

[0019] Optionally, a pair of protruding columns arranged alternately are formed on the lower end surface of the support block; correspondingly, a pair of column holes arranged alternately are formed on the top plate at the position where the support block is set. When the support block is arranged on the top plate, the two protruding columns in pairs are matched with the two column holes in pairs one by one. At this time, the two slot holes in pairs are distributed on both sides of the two column holes in pairs, that is, the column holes in pairs are distributed between the two slot holes.

[0020] Optionally, convex rails are formed at the edges of the inner sides of the side panels. The convex rails extend downward from the root of the side panels and extend approximately to the middle and upper positions of the side panels. On the top panel, groove portions that can match the convex rails are formed at both ends of the slots. The downward extension length of the convex rails can ensure that when the side panels move relative to the top panel, the lower portion of the convex rails remains in a state of matching the groove portions.

[0021] Optionally, the cross section of the convex rail is semi-cylindrical; the groove portion and the convex rail are in a profile matching relationship.

[0022] Optionally, the end cap includes a stud, and a threaded through hole is formed on the end cap to correspond to and match the external thread surface of the stud. The upper end of the stud can extend into the lower end of the column hole, and the lower end of the spring is sleeved on the stud.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes a driving assembly 1 and a driving assembly 2. The driving assembly 1 includes a seat body part 1 and a driving assembly 1 disposed on the seat body part 1. The driving assembly 2 includes a seat body part 2 and a driving assembly 2 disposed on the seat body part 2. The bolt tightening shaft group and the seat body part 1 are matched by a slide rail structure arranged along the vertical direction, and the driving assembly 1 can drive the bolt tightening shaft group to move in the vertical direction relative to the bottom plate. The seat body part 2 is arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate, and the seat body part 1 and the seat body part 2 are matched by a slide rail structure extending along the length direction of the top plate, and the driving assembly 2 can drive the seat body part 1 to reciprocate along the length direction of the top plate. By setting drive assembly one and drive assembly two, the lateral position of the bolt tightening axis group, that is, the position along the length of the top plate, and the height position are adjusted, so that the bolt tightening axis group can be adjusted to correspond to the bolt setting position on the hook tail frame support plate, the bolt setting position on the safety support plate, and the bolt setting position on the coupler support beam, and complete the tightening or removal operations of the bolts at various locations respectively.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention improves the matching structure between the support block and the top plate, so that the support block and the coupler buffer are combined in a buffering contact state during the disassembly and assembly operation, and can form effective support for the coupler buffer, while reducing the contact impact strength between the support block and the coupler buffer, reducing the impact force borne by the top plate, and effectively suppressing the situation in which the top plate is prone to serious deformation due to frequent impacts, and can better protect the coupler buffer, prevent the coupler buffer from being damaged, and further reduce the frequency of failures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the matching support block and the top plate.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the support block.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the top view of the support block.

[0032] Figure 8 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an existing coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device in use.

[0033] In the figure: 100 coupler buffer, 101 coupler, 102 hook tail frame, 103 buffer, 104 hook tail frame support plate, 105 safety support plate, 106 coupler support beam; 200 buffer mechanism, 201 bottom plate, 202 pillar, 203 buffer spring, 204 support plate, 2041 limit stopper, 2042 support seat; 300 scissor lift mechanism; 10 top plate, 11 limit baffle, 12 support block, 121 protruding column, 122 side plate, 123 convex rail, 13 column hole, 14 slot hole, 141 slot portion; 20 supporting connecting rod; 30 spring; 40 end cover, 41 stud, 411 external threaded surface; 50 elastic arm plate mechanism, 51 elastic deformation arm plate, 511 notch, 52 flange one, 53 flange two; 60 electromagnetic lock mechanism, 61 electromagnetic lock body, 62 iron plate portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of the specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical contents.

[0035] Before introducing the technical solution of the present invention, it should be emphasized that the present invention is an improvement on the above-mentioned patent technology, so the layout of the (scissor-type) lifting mechanism, the setting of the (bolt) tightening shaft and the design of various related action driving mechanisms that may be involved can be implemented with reference to the above-mentioned patent or other existing patents, and will not be repeated in the introduction of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 7 The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device shown in the figure includes a bolt tightening shaft group, a bottom plate 201, four supporting links 20, and a top plate 10. The supporting links 20 are distributed at the four corners of the top plate 10, and can fix the top plate 10 directly above the bottom plate 201 to form a rigidly connected overall frame structure. On the plate body of the top plate 10, and in the length extension direction of the top plate 10 (the left-right direction in the figure), two limit baffles 11 are alternately provided, and two support blocks 12 are alternately provided between the two limit baffles 11. The function of the limit baffle 11 is the same as that of the top plate 10. Figure 8 The function of the limit stopper 2041 is the same as that of the support block 12. Figure 8 The support base 2042 has the same function as the support base 2042 in FIG. Figure 8 The upper part of the scissor lift mechanism 300 in the bottom plate 201 is moved upward and downward to enable the scissor lift mechanism 300 to drive the bottom plate 201 and the top plate 10, as well as other mechanisms (including the tightening shaft assembly) installed on the bottom plate 201 to move vertically. Figures 1 to 7 After the four supporting connecting rods 20 in the technical solution shown are matched with the top plate 10 (including the matching components, mechanisms, etc. thereon), they are directly transferred to Figure 8 By replacing the support plate 204 and the buffer mechanism 200 on the bottom plate 201 shown, an improved rail vehicle coupler buffer assembly and disassembly device can be formed.

[0037] On the top plate 10, column holes 13 are formed at positions where the support blocks 12 are provided, and slot holes 14 are provided on both sides (front and rear) of each column hole 13. Both the column hole 13 and the slot hole 14 are through-hole structures extending in the vertical direction, that is, both the column hole 13 and the slot hole 14 penetrate the entire thickness of the top plate 10.

[0038] On the support block 12, a protruding column 121 is formed at the center of the lower end surface, and side panels 122 are formed on the (front and rear) side walls respectively, and the side panels 122 are extended downward relative to the lower end surface of the support block 12 in the vertical direction. After the two support blocks 12 are respectively installed on the top plate 10, the protruding column 121 can be matched with the column hole 13, and the lower end of the protruding column 121 extends to the upper end of the column hole 13, and the two side panels 122 arranged on both sides of the protruding column 121 can be matched with the slot holes 14 arranged on both sides of the column hole 13, and the lower ends of the side panels 122 extend downward to the outside of the slot holes 14. The support block 12 can move in the vertical direction relative to the top plate 10. The structure of the upper part of the support block 12 or the main part of the support block 12 can be set with reference to the existing technical solutions.

[0039] The outer diameter of the protruding column 121 is consistent with the inner diameter of the column hole 13, and the lower end of the protruding column 121 is extended into the upper end of the column hole 13 for a certain length, so as to always maintain the plug-in matching state. The lower end of the side plate 122 can extend out of the lower end of the slot hole 14 and relatively extend to below the lower end surface of the top plate 10. When the protruding column 121 moves in the vertical direction relative to the column hole 13, the lower end of the protruding column 121 can always maintain a vertical spacing relative to the lower end of the column hole 13, and the lower end of the side plate 122 can maintain a downward extension to the outside relative to the lower end surface of the top plate 10.

[0040] A spring 30 is provided in the column hole 13, and an end cover 40 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the column hole 13, so that the two ends of the spring 30 are matched with the lower end surface of the protruding column 121 and the upper end surface of the end cover 40 respectively, so that the spring 30 can undergo elastic expansion and contraction deformation during the process of the support block 12 moving relative to the top plate 10 in the vertical direction, and can play the role of buffering and supporting the support block 12.

[0041] The number of the protruding column 121 provided on the lower end surface of the support block 12 is one. Figure 5 , Figure 7The embodiment shown. The number of the protruding column bodies 121 provided on the lower end surface of the support block 12 can also be two, and the two protruding column bodies 121 are alternately distributed in the front and rear directions. At this time, corresponding to the setting position of each support block 12 on the top plate 10, two column holes 13 are formed respectively, so that the two protruding column bodies 121 on the same support block 12 can be matched with the two column holes 13 mentioned above one by one. The scheme of providing two protruding column bodies 121 and a pair of column holes 13 corresponding to the two protruding column bodies 121 can better promote the support block 12 to maintain a stable moving state relative to the top plate 10, and can improve the reliability of the matching relationship between the two. The two side plates 122 provided on the same support block 12 both extend downward relative to the lower end surface of the support block 12, and the upper parts of the two side plates 122 are fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the support block 12 respectively (including the case where the side plates 122 and the support block 12 are integrally formed).

[0042] The multiple elastic arm plate mechanisms 50 are matched with the multiple side plates 122 respectively, and each includes an elastic deformation arm plate 51. The lower end of the elastic deformation arm plate 51 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate 122, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the top plate 10, so that the elastic deformation arm plate 51 can exert elastic push and pull forces on the side plate 122 in the vertical direction. Figures 1 to 7 In the technical solution shown, each side plate 122 is respectively configured with two elastic arm plate mechanisms 50, and the two elastic arm plate mechanisms 50 are symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer sides (i.e., the front and rear sides) of the side plate 122. The middle area of ​​the elastic deformation arm plate 51 is formed as an arch plate portion (or an arch plate type elastic deformation portion), and the notch side of the arch plate portion faces the wall surface of the side plate 122. A flange 1 52 is formed at the lower end of the elastic deformation arm plate 51, and a flange 2 53 is formed at the upper end. The flange 1 52 and the flange 2 53 are fixedly connected to the side plate 122 and the top plate 10 respectively by bolts, and when the side plate 122 moves relative to the top plate 10 in the vertical direction, the elastic deformation arm plate 51 can apply elastic force on the side plate 122.

[0043] The plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms 60 are matched with the plurality of side plates 122 respectively, and each includes an electromagnetic lock body 61 and an iron plate portion 62. The electromagnetic lock body 61 is fixed on the side wall (front and rear side wall) of the top plate 10, and the iron plate portion 62 is fixed on the side plate 122. When the side plate 122 moves in the vertical direction relative to the top plate 10, the side plate 122 can carry the iron plate portion 62 and move synchronously relative to the top plate 10. The iron plate portion 62 has a long extension length in the vertical direction. During the movement of the iron plate portion 62 relative to the top plate 10, the iron plate portion 62 can always maintain a state of relative matching with the electromagnetic lock body 61, so that when the electromagnetic lock body 61 is switched to the power-on state, it can be attracted with the iron plate portion 62 at any time, so that the two are fixedly connected / magnetically connected as a whole, so that the support block 12 is kept in a relatively fixed state relative to the top plate 10.

[0044] A sensor or sensitive element (not shown in the figure) is provided on the arch plate portion of the elastic deformation arm plate 51, and the sensor can produce a physical quantity change with the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation arm plate 51, so as to cause the controller to generate a sensor signal, and the controller controls the power-on and power-off state of the electromagnetic lock body 61 according to the specific (processing result) of the sensor signal. The controller can be fixed on the lower end surface of the top plate 10 or on other peripheral components.

[0045] The sensing element may be a strain gauge, and the corresponding sensor is a strain sensor. The controller can control the on / off state of the electromagnetic lock body 61 according to the change of the sensing signal of the strain sensor.

[0046] The main body of the elastic deformation arm plate 51 extends in the left-right direction and is in a long strip structure. The flange 1 52 and the flange 2 53 are also long strip plates extending in the left-right direction. V-shaped notches 511 are formed on both ends of the arch plate. The notches 511 can improve and optimize the elastic deformation performance of the arch plate.

[0047] By using the rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device involved in the above scheme to disassemble and assemble the coupler buffer 100, the support block 12 can be brought into contact with the coupler buffer 100 in a state where relative buffering movement can occur during the process of the top plate 10 being driven upward by the scissor lift mechanism 300, and the impact strength between the two at the moment of contact can be significantly reduced, thereby effectively protecting the top plate 10 and the coupler buffer 100 from excessive damage. Because in the initial state, the electromagnetic lock body 61 is kept in a power-off state, and the support block 12 is kept in a state close to being freely movable relative to the top plate 10, so that when the support block 12 is subjected to a small pressure in the vertical direction, it can move downward to make way, thereby alleviating and weakening the impact strength when it comes into contact with the coupler buffer 100. During the downward movement of the support block 12 relative to the top plate 10, the lower end of the side plate 122 will synchronously move downward relative to the lower end surface of the top plate 10 or relative to the lower end of the slot 14, pulling the elastic deformation arm plate 51 to produce elastic deformation, causing the sensor or sensitive part on the elastic deformation arm plate 51 to undergo physical quantity changes, thereby generating a sensor signal in real time and transmitting it to the controller. After processing the sensor signal received in real time, the controller can control the power-on and power-off state of the electromagnetic lock body 61 according to the processing result.

[0048] Specifically, the corresponding warning threshold can be pre-set according to the amplitude of the elastic deformation of the elastically deformable arm plate 51 (in other words, the amount of travel of the side plate 122 moving downward relative to the lower end surface of the top plate 10). After processing the sensor signal, the controller continuously compares the real-time processing result with the pre-set warning threshold: when the processing result falls within the interval of the warning threshold, the electromagnetic lock body 61 is controlled to switch to the power-on state; when the processing result does not fall within the interval of the warning threshold, it is maintained or switched to the power-off state. When selecting and setting the corresponding relationship between the amplitude of the elastic deformation of the elastically deformable arm plate 51 and the warning threshold, it should be considered whether the amount of travel of the side plate 122 moving downward relative to the top plate 10 at that time can provide sufficient clearance for the contact and collision between the support block 12 and the coupler buffer 100.

[0049] On the inner side surface of the side panel 122, convex rails 123 with a semi-cylindrical cross section are formed at the edges. The convex rails 123 extend downward from the (upper) root of the side panel 122. On the top panel 10, groove portions 141 that can match the convex rails 123 one-to-one are formed at both ends of the slot 14. The downward extension length of the convex rail 123 can ensure that when the side panel 122 moves relative to the top panel 10, the lower portion of the convex rail 123 remains in a state of matching with the groove portion 141. The lower end of the groove portion 141 can be kept vertically spaced from the lower end surface of the top panel 10, such as Figure 4 As shown; the upper and lower ends of the groove portion 141 can also be distributed and penetrate to the upper and lower end surfaces of the top plate 10.

[0050] The end cap 40 includes a stud 41, and a threaded through hole that can correspond to the external threaded surface 411 of the stud 41 is formed on the end cap 40. The upper end of the stud 41 can be inserted into the lower end of the column hole 13, and the lower end of the spring 30 is sleeved on the annular flange at the upper end of the stud 41. A prismatic countersunk hole (such as a hexagonal countersunk hole) is formed on the lower end surface of the stud 41. Using a tool to match the prismatic countersunk hole to screw the stud 41 can adjust the length of the stud 41 inserted into the column hole 13, so as to adjust the initial compression degree / initial elastic force of the spring 30.

[0051] The outer diameter of the stud 41 is smaller than the inner diameter of the column hole 13. The column hole 13 can be a cylindrical hole or a prismatic hole. The slot hole 14 is a long strip hole / rectangular hole, preferably a long and narrow strip hole with a relatively large ratio between length and width.

[0052] With reference to the prior art, the present invention also includes a driving assembly 1 and a driving assembly 2. The driving assembly 1 includes a seat body 1 and a driving assembly 1 disposed on the seat body 1. The driving assembly 2 includes a seat body 2 and a driving assembly 2 disposed on the seat body 2. The bolt tightening axis group and the seat body 1 are matched by a slide rail structure arranged in the vertical direction, and the driving assembly 1 can drive the bolt tightening axis group to move in the vertical direction relative to the bottom plate 201, so that the bolt tightening axis on the bolt tightening axis group matches the bolts disposed on the hook tail frame support plate 104, the safety support plate 105, and the hook support beam 106 to tighten or remove the bolts. The seat body 2 is disposed on the upper end surface of the bottom plate 201, and the seat body 1 and the seat body 2 are matched by a slide rail structure extending in the length direction of the top plate 10, and the driving assembly 2 can drive the seat body 1 to move back and forth along the length direction of the top plate 10. The length extension direction of the top plate 10 is consistent with the length extension direction of the bottom plate 201. In the present invention, the relative position relationship between the bottom plate 201 and the top plate 10 is the same as Figure 8The relative position relationship between the bottom plate 201 and the support plate 204 shown in the figure is the same, and both are rectangular long strips.

[0053] By setting the driving assembly 1 and the driving assembly 2, the lateral position of the bolt tightening axis group, i.e., the position along the length direction of the top plate 10, and the height position of the bolt tightening axis group are adjusted, so that the bolt tightening axis group can be adjusted to the bolt setting position corresponding to the bolt setting position on the hook tail frame support plate 104, the bolt setting position on the safety support plate 105, and the bolt setting position on the coupler support beam 106, and the tightening or removing operation of the bolts set at each position is completed respectively. With reference to the prior art, the driving mechanism for adjusting the (multi-directional) position of each bolt tightening axis contained in the bolt tightening axis group itself can be set, so that each bolt tightening axis in the bolt tightening axis group can adapt to the changes in the bolt position arranged on the hook tail frame support plate 104, the safety support plate 105 and the coupler support beam 106.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be improved in many aspects without violating the overall concept, and those familiar with the technology can modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device, comprising a bottom plate (201), four supporting links (20) and a top plate (10); the supporting links (20) are correspondingly arranged at four corners of the bottom plate (201) and the top plate (10), and can fix the top plate (10) directly above the bottom plate (201); two limit baffles (11) are alternately arranged on the top plate (10), and two supporting blocks (12) are alternately arranged between the two limit baffles (11); the device is characterized by: It also includes a plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms (50) and a plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms (60); On the top plate (10), column holes (13) are respectively formed at positions where the support blocks (12) are arranged, and slot holes (14) are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the column holes (13); A protruding column (121) is formed on the lower end surface of the support block (12), and side plates (122) are respectively formed on the two side walls; the protruding column (121) matches the column hole (13) and extends into the upper end of the column hole (13), and the side plates (122) match the slot hole (14) and extend downward to the outside of the slot hole (14); so that the support block (12) can be lifted and lowered relative to the top plate (10); A spring (30) is provided in the column hole (13); an end cover (40) is provided at the lower end of the column hole (13); two ends of the spring (30) are matched with the lower end of the protruding column (121) and the upper end of the end cover (40) respectively; The plurality of elastic arm plate mechanisms (50) are matched with the plurality of side plates (122) respectively, and each comprises an elastically deformable arm plate (51); the lower end of the elastically deformable arm plate (51) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the side plate (122), and the upper end is fixedly connected to the top plate (10), so that an elastic force in a vertical direction can be applied to the side plate (122); The plurality of electromagnetic lock mechanisms (60) are matched with the plurality of side plates (122) respectively, and each comprises an electromagnetic lock body (61) and an iron plate portion (62); the electromagnetic lock body (61) is fixed on the side wall of the top plate (10), and the iron plate portion (62) is fixed on the side plate (122); when the iron plate portion (62) moves relative to the top plate (10), it can maintain a matching state relative to the electromagnetic lock body (61); A sensor is provided on the elastic deformation arm plate (51), and the sensor can generate a physical quantity change with the elastic deformation of the elastic deformation arm plate (51), thereby inducing a controller to generate a sensor signal to control the on / off state of the electromagnetic lock body (61).

2. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the elastic deformation arm plate (51) is formed into an arch plate type elastic deformation part, and the notch side of the arch plate type elastic deformation part faces the plate surface side of the side plate (122); the sensor is fixedly arranged on the arch plate type elastic deformation part.

3. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing element is a strain type sensing part, and the controller is provided with a strain type sensor electrically connected to the strain type sensing part.

4. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Each side plate (122) is correspondingly configured with two elastic deformation mechanisms (50); the two elastic deformation mechanisms (50) configured on the same side plate (122) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the side plate (122).

5. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic deformation arm plate (51) is a long strip-shaped plate body extending along the length direction of the top plate (10), and an elastic deformation portion is formed at a corresponding middle region in the vertical direction on the elastic deformation arm plate (51).

6. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of protruding columns (121) arranged alternately are formed on the lower end surface of the support block (12); correspondingly, a pair of column holes (13) arranged alternately are formed on the top plate (10) at the position where the support block (12) is arranged; when the support block (12) is arranged on the top plate (10), the two paired protruding columns (121) are matched with the two paired column holes (13) in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the inner side surface of the side plate (122), convex rails (123) are respectively formed at the edges; the convex rails (123) extend downward from the root of the side plate (122); A groove portion (141) capable of correspondingly matching with the convex rail (123) is formed on the top plate (10) and at both ends of the groove hole (14); When the side plate (122) moves relative to the top plate (10), the lower portion of the convex rail (123) can be maintained in a state of matching with the groove portion (141).

8. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross section of the convex rail (123) is semi-cylindrical; the groove portion (141) and the convex rail (123) are in a profile matching relationship.

9. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cover (40) includes a stud (41) and a threaded through hole that can correspond to and match the external threaded surface (411) of the stud (41) is formed on the end cover (40); the upper end of the stud (41) extends into the lower end of the column hole (13), and the lower end of the spring (30) is sleeved on the stud (41).

10. The rail vehicle coupler buffer disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included are a bolt tightening shaft assembly, a drive assembly 1, and a drive assembly 2; The driving assembly comprises a seat body and a driving part arranged on the seat body; the bolt tightening shaft group and the seat body are matched via a slide rail structure arranged in a vertical direction, and the driving part can drive the bolt tightening shaft group to move in a vertical direction relative to the bottom plate (201); The driving assembly 2 comprises a seat body part 2 and a driving part 2 arranged on the seat body part 2; the seat body part 2 is arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate (201), the seat body part 1 and the seat body part 2 are matched via a slide rail structure extending along the length direction of the top plate (10), and the driving part 2 can drive the seat body part 1 to move along the length direction of the top plate (10).

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