Locking structure, clamping tool and clamping method
By designing a screw via locking structure without countershell in the processing of aviation parts, the insufficient rigidity of the parts and the risk of bullet knife caused by the locking of the hexagon screw is solved, and an efficient and low-cost processing process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510135993.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
During the processing of aviation parts, when using hexagon screws to lock parts, the parts are often insufficient rigidity due to the emergence of the screw head, the cutting capacity is reduced, the lifespan is shortened, and the risk of parts is increased. The existing solutions have quality problems, reduce turnover, increase management costs, or reduce processing efficiency.
Design a locking structure. By setting up counter-hole-free screw vias, the number, position and depth of vias are guaranteed by CNC programs and machine tools, the operation site intervention is eliminated, and the screws and through-hole throat plugs of standard parts are used to simplify the structure and reduce costs.
It avoids the risk of parts bullet knives, reduces accuracy requirements, improves processing efficiency, reduces management costs, and reduces workmanship costs due to the simple structure and reusable structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN119794842A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tooling structures, and in particular to a locking structure, a clamping tool and a clamping method. Background Art
[0002] The main clamping method in the process of aviation parts processing is to lock the parts with hexagon socket screws on a flat plate or special tooling. Among them, cylindrical head hexagon socket screws are more commonly used. When using this hexagon socket screw, it is often encountered that the screw head pops out of the part, resulting in the need to lengthen the part tool. For small milling cutters with a tool diameter less than D16mm, when the tool length is more than 10 mm, it will lead to insufficient tool rigidity, reduced cutting ability, shortened tool life, and increased risk of part tool bounce, resulting in unstable part quality. In order to eliminate this unstable factor, the following three methods are generally used when designing the process plan.
[0003] The first method: before clamping on the machine, add a "fitter countersinking" process. The fitter uses equipment such as a radial drill to pre-make countersunk holes at the position of the locking screw, and then transfers it to the CNC process for locking processing. The disadvantage of this method is that the dimensions such as the countersink depth and position are highly dependent on the operator and the control plan of the process inspection. It is prone to quality problems such as missing countersinks, countersink position deviation, insufficient countersink depth or excessive countersink depth, which makes it impossible to use the hexagon socket screws for locking during CNC clamping, causing the machine tool to stop and wait. At the same time, the increase in the countersinking process for auxiliary clamping leads to a decrease in the turnover rate of parts, which inevitably increases management costs.
[0004] The second method: first perform simple positioning and clamping on the machine tool, then add a countersinking step on the machine tool, and use CNC to make the countersunk hole. After making it, use the hexagon socket screw to lock it at the corresponding position, and then remove the auxiliary fixtures such as the pressure plate during the countersinking step. There are two main disadvantages of this method. First, using CNC to make countersunk holes involves auxiliary work such as removing and installing the pressure plate. This part of the work actually does not generate value and consumes energy and time; second, after the countersinking is completed, the debris generated when making the countersunk hole is very likely to be flushed into the gap between the bottom surface of the part and the tooling surface by the cutting fluid. At this time, if the hexagon socket screw is used to lock it without checking, the web thickness of the part may be milled thin, resulting in the scrapping of the part. To be on the safe side, it is necessary to remove the part again, clean the tooling and the surface of the part, and then position and lock it again. Therefore, this method will do a lot of repetitive auxiliary work, which will reduce the processing efficiency and consume labor costs.
[0005] The third method: use a reverse-pull screw clamp for locking. Compared with the first two methods, it is relatively safe, convenient and reliable, but it still has obvious shortcomings. When clamping, first lock the reverse-pull screw clamp on a flat plate or special tooling, and then use the pop-up built-in hexagon socket screw to lock the part. However, the torque used to lock the part with the hexagon socket screw must be less than the torque used to install the reverse-pull screw clamp. Otherwise, the hexagon socket screw rotates and the reverse-pull screw clamp also rotates, making the part unable to be locked. However, for this special structure of the reverse-pull screw, there is no suitable torque wrench interface, the thickness of the parts is different, and the built-in hexagon socket screw cannot be locked with a torque wrench. In addition, the reverse-pull screw clamp is a consumable part and has a high price, which will increase the tooling cost. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a locking structure, a clamping tool and a clamping method. The locking structure sets a screw through hole without countersinking, and the number, position and depth of the through hole can be guaranteed by the CNC program and the machine tool, thereby eliminating the intervention of the operation site, and no additional process is required to prepare the countersunk hole, thereby avoiding the risk of part ejection and reducing the precision requirements of the production. In addition, the screws and through-hole throat plugs in the locking structure are standard parts, which have the characteristics of low price, simple structure, not easy to damage, and can be reused.
[0007] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:
[0008] The embodiment of the present application provides a locking structure, including:
[0009] A locking boss having a through hole;
[0010] A through-hole throat plug is threadedly connected in the through-hole, and the through-hole throat plug has a hollow through-hole;
[0011] The screw is sequentially inserted into the through hole and the through hole, and the screw abuts against the through hole throat plug.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the through hole includes an aperture section and a threaded section, the threaded section is provided with an internal thread, and the outer surface of the through hole throat plug is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread.
[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the threaded section along the axis of the through hole is defined as a first depth, and the length of the through hole throat plug along the axis of the through hole is defined as a first height, wherein the first depth is greater than the first height.
[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the screw is a hexagon socket screw.
[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the aperture of the aperture section is 14.5 mm, 16.5 mm or 20.5 mm.
[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the through-hole throat plug is 16 mm, 18 mm or 22 mm, and the first height of the through-hole throat plug is 10 mm or 12 mm.
[0017] The embodiment of the present application further provides a clamping tool, comprising:
[0018] A component unit, the component unit having a locking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
[0019] The clamping unit is provided with a positioning groove, the cross section of the positioning groove is "T" shaped, and the screw is fixedly connected in the positioning groove.
[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, a T-nut is arranged in the positioning groove, and a section of the screw extending out of the through hole is threadedly connected to the T-nut.
[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, a threaded portion is provided in the positioning groove, and a section of the screw extending out of the through hole is threadably connected to the threaded portion.
[0022] The embodiment of the present application also provides a clamping method, comprising the following steps:
[0023] S1, using a drill bit to drill a through hole on the front side of the locking boss, using the through hole as the threaded bottom hole of the through-hole throat plug, and then using a tap or a thread milling cutter to make a threaded section that matches the through-hole throat plug in the through hole;
[0024] S2, install the through-hole throat plug into the threaded section, insert the screw into the through hole so that the end surface of the through-hole throat plug serves as the supporting surface of the screw, and tighten the screw to lock it with the threaded hole in the positioning groove.
[0025] The locking structure provided in the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects, including but not limited to:
[0026] 1) The locking structure sets up screw holes without countersinking, and the number, position and depth of the holes can be guaranteed by CNC programs and machine tools, thereby eliminating the intervention of the operation site, and no additional process is required to prepare the countersunk holes, so that the risk of part bounce can be avoided while reducing the precision requirements of the production. In addition, the screws and through-hole throat plugs in the locking structure are standard parts, which have the characteristics of low price, simple structure, not easy to damage, and can be reused;
[0027] 2) The locking structure is designed with relevant through holes, which are made when processing the front side. Before clamping the back side, you only need to install the through-hole throat plug on the threaded hole to process normally without having to go on the machine again. You can also use a pneumatic tool to lock it, saving time and effort. At the same time, the through-hole throat plug serves as the support surface of the screw, similar to forming a double nut anti-loosening structure, avoiding the dilemma of clamping parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the locking structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping tool provided in the embodiment of the present application;
[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;
[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of point I in the middle.
[0033] Icons: 100-locking structure; 10-locking boss; 101-through hole; 1011-aperture section; 1012-threaded section; 11-through hole throat plug; 111-through hole; 12-screw; 200-clamping tool; 20-clamping unit; 201-positioning groove; 202-T-nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product or method is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0038] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "plurality" means at least 2.
[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a locking structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping tool 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;
[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of point I in the figure. Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the locking structure 100 includes a locking boss 10, a through-hole throat plug 11 and a screw 12. The locking boss 10 has a through hole 101; the through-hole throat plug 11 is threadedly connected in the through hole 101, and the through-hole throat plug 11 has a hollow through hole 111; the screw 12 is sequentially inserted into the through hole 101 and the through hole 111, and the screw 12 abuts against the through-hole throat plug 11.
[0043] It is worth noting that the locking structure 100 is provided with a countersunk-free screw 12 through hole 101, and the number, position and depth of the through hole 101 can be guaranteed by the CNC program and the machine tool, thereby eliminating the intervention of the operation site, and no additional process is required to prepare the countersunk hole, thereby avoiding the risk of the part bouncing and reducing the precision requirements of the production. In addition, the screw 12 and the through-hole throat plug 11 in the locking structure 100 are standard parts, which have the characteristics of low price, simple structure, not easy to damage, and can be reused.
[0044] In this embodiment, the through hole 101 includes an aperture section 1011 and a thread section 1012 . The thread section 1012 is provided with an internal thread. The outer surface of the through hole throat plug 11 is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread.
[0045] It is worth noting that by designing an internal thread on the threaded section 1012 to match the external thread of the through-hole throat plug 11, a close fit between the through-hole throat plug 11 and the through-hole 101 can be ensured, thereby reducing the possibility of loosening or offset when the screw 12 is tightened. This connection method can help improve the overall assembly accuracy and ensure the positioning effect during clamping. In addition, since the internal and external threaded connections have self-locking properties, the through-hole throat plug 11 can be fixed by a simple screwing operation when installed, without the need for additional tooling or auxiliary tools. At the same time, the standardized design of the through-hole throat plug 11 further improves the convenience of operation. When disassembly is required, it can also be quickly loosened, which improves work efficiency.
[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the length of the threaded section 1012 along the axial direction of the through hole 101 is defined as a first depth, and the length of the through hole throat plug 11 along the axial direction of the through hole 101 is defined as a first height, wherein the first depth is greater than the first height.
[0047] It is worth noting that the first depth is greater than the first height, so that the through-hole throat plug 11 can be completely embedded in the threaded section 1012 of the through-hole 101 after installation, and will not protrude from the surface of the through-hole 101, thereby helping to ensure the smooth appearance of the part, avoid interference with external equipment or tools due to the protrusion of the throat plug during operation, prevent the through-hole throat plug 11 from protruding out of the through-hole 101, and ensure assembly flatness.
[0048] Optionally, the screw 12 is a hexagon socket screw 12 .
[0049] Specifically, the head of the hexagon socket screw 12 is concave, and the external operating space required for its installation is smaller than that of other screws 12. Especially when the spacing between parts is small or the installation space is limited, the hexagon socket screw 12 can be more easily and efficiently installed and removed.
[0050] In this embodiment, the aperture of the aperture section 1011 is 14.5 mm, 16.5 mm or 20.5 mm.
[0051] In this embodiment, the diameter of the through-hole throat plug 11 is 16 mm, 18 mm or 22 mm, and the first height of the through-hole throat plug 11 is 10 mm or 12 mm.
[0052] It is worth noting that providing a variety of aperture segments 1011 and through-throat plugs 11 diameter specifications can meet the clamping requirements of parts of different sizes and improve the versatility of the structure. For example, a smaller aperture (such as 14.5 mm) is suitable for clamping small parts, while a larger aperture (such as 20.5 mm) is suitable for clamping large or heavy parts.
[0053] In summary, the processing process (i.e., the clamping method) of the locking structure 100 can be specifically as follows:
[0054] 1) When processing the front side, first drill a through hole 101 on the front side of the part (locking boss 10) with a drill bit, then use the through hole 101 as the threaded bottom hole of the through-hole throat plug 11, and use a tap or a thread milling cutter to make an internal thread (i.e., thread section 1012) matching the through-hole throat plug 11. The thread depth can be greater than the height of C to avoid instability of the through-hole throat plug 11 after installation;
[0055] 2) Before machining the reverse side, first install the through-hole throat plug 11 into the threaded section 1012, clean the surface of the part and the tooling, and then clamp the part. Insert the D screw 12 into the through hole 101. At this time, the end surface of the through-hole throat plug 11 serves as the support surface of the screw 12. Tighten the screw 12 to lock it with the T-nut 202 in the T-slot or the threaded hole on the special tooling;
[0056] 3) After the parts are processed, use an Allen wrench or a jackhammer to remove the screws 12 and the through-hole throat plug 11.
[0057] Please refer again Figure 2-Figure 4 The embodiment of the present application further provides a clamping tool 200, including a part unit and a clamping unit 20. The part unit has the above-mentioned locking structure 100; the clamping unit 20 has a positioning groove 201, the cross section of the positioning groove 201 is "T"-shaped, and the screw 12 is fixedly connected in the positioning groove 201.
[0058] In an implementation manner of this embodiment, a T-nut 202 is arranged in the positioning groove 201 , and a section of the screw 12 extending out of the through hole 101 is threadedly connected to the T-nut 202 .
[0059] In another implementation of this embodiment, a threaded portion is provided in the positioning groove 201 , and a section of the screw 12 extending out of the through hole 101 is threadedly connected to the threaded portion.
[0060] Specifically, as shown in the figure, the clamping unit 20 is a plate-like structure, and a plurality of positioning grooves 201 arranged at intervals are provided on the clamping unit 20. It can be understood that by providing a plurality of positioning grooves 201, multi-point positioning can be performed simultaneously, further improving the stability of clamping.
[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A locking structure, characterized in that: include: A locking boss having a through hole; A through-hole throat plug is threadedly connected in the through-hole, and the through-hole throat plug has a hollow through-hole; A screw is sequentially inserted into the via hole and the through hole, and the screw abuts against the through hole throat plug.
2. The locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole comprises an aperture section and a thread section, the thread section is provided with an internal thread, and the outer surface of the through hole throat plug is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread.
3. The locking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the threaded section along the axis of the through hole is defined as a first depth, and the length of the through hole throat plug along the axis of the through hole is defined as a first height, wherein the first depth is greater than the first height.
4. The locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw is a hexagon socket screw.
5. The locking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aperture of the aperture section is 14.5 mm, 16.5 mm or 20.5 mm.
6. The locking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the through-hole throat plug is 16 mm, 18 mm or 22 mm, and the first height of the through-hole throat plug is 10 mm or 12 mm.
7. A clamping tool, characterized in that: include: A component unit, wherein the component unit has a locking structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The clamping unit has a positioning groove, the cross section of the positioning groove is "T"-shaped, and the screw is fixedly connected in the positioning groove.
8. The clamping tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A T-shaped nut is arranged in the positioning groove, and a section of the screw extending out of the through hole is threadedly connected to the T-shaped nut.
9. The clamping tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A threaded portion is provided in the positioning groove, and a section of the screw extending out of the through hole is threadedly connected with the threaded portion.
10. A clamping method, characterized in that: The clamping tool as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, using a drill bit to drill a through hole on the front side of the locking boss, using the through hole as the threaded bottom hole of the through-hole throat plug, and then using a tap or a thread milling cutter to make a threaded section that matches the through-hole throat plug in the through hole; S2, install the through-hole throat plug into the threaded section, insert the screw into the through hole so that the end surface of the through-hole throat plug serves as the supporting surface of the screw, and tighten the screw to lock it with the threaded hole in the positioning groove.