An automatic monitoring and collection device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple positions

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to an automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple postures; the device comprises a frame, on which a collecting component and a conveying component are provided, and a fan component is provided at the rear of the frame, the rear end of the conveying component is connected to the front end of the collecting component, and the rear end of the collecting component is connected to the fan component, and the fan component can generate airflow and form a negative pressure in the collecting component; the present invention adopts pneumatic conveying to convey fruits, and can record the movement state of the fruits, the conveying time and the wind speed in the conveying pipeline during the conveying process, so that the wind speed in the conveying pipeline can be adjusted in real time according to the conveying effect of the fruits, and the structure of the collecting component can reduce the damage suffered by the fruits during the collection process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple postures. Background Art

[0002] China has a long tradition of fruit cultivation and abundant fruit resources. In recent years, the rapid development of the fruit industry has led to a continuous increase in annual fruit production. Transporting fruit is a crucial step in post-harvest fruit processing. Electric conveyor belts are a common method of conveying fruit. However, these belts are complex and expensive, and their conveying speed is limited by the motor's speed. Furthermore, the fruit is prone to falling and being damaged when it falls into the collection bin. Therefore, a new, low-cost, efficient, and minimally damaging fruit conveying device is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fruit multi-posture pneumatic conveying automated monitoring and collection test device and control method to solve the problems of fruit conveying: how to quickly convey fruit, how to monitor the status of fruit during conveying, how to adjust the air force according to the fruit conveying status, how to collect the conveyed fruit, and how to reduce damage during the collection process.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A device for automatically monitoring and collecting fruit with multi-position pneumatic conveying, comprising a frame, a collection assembly and a conveying assembly provided on the frame, and a fan assembly provided at the rear of the frame. The rear end of the conveying assembly is connected to the front end of the collection assembly, and the rear end of the collection assembly is connected to the fan assembly. The fan assembly can generate airflow and form a negative pressure in the collection assembly.

[0006] The collecting assembly includes a bottomless box formed by an upper front plate, a lower front plate, side plates, an upper plate, and a rear plate. Inside the box, a vertically arranged isolation plate A is fixedly connected to the upper plate. The isolation plate A is fixedly connected at its bottom end to an isolation plate B that is inclined toward the rear plate. The isolation plate B is fixedly connected at its bottom to an isolation plate C that is also inclined toward the rear plate. The inclination angle of the isolation plate C is greater than the inclination angle of the isolation plate B.

[0007] The lower front plate and the upper front plate are both vertically arranged, the lower front plate is closer to the rear plate than the upper front plate, a vertical middle partition is provided inside the box body, the top end of the middle partition is located below the top end of the lower front plate, the top end of the middle partition is provided with an upper blade that can rotate with the top end of the middle partition as the center of a circle, the top end of the lower front plate is fixedly connected to a downwardly inclined inclined plate, and in an initial state, the movable end of the upper blade falls on the upper surface of the inclined plate;

[0008] Horizontal lower blades are provided on both sides of the middle partition, and the lower blades can rotate in a vertical plane with their own midpoints as the center of the circle. The height of the lower blades in a horizontal state is higher than the bottom end of the middle partition, and the distances between the two lower blades and the lower front plate / rear plate, as well as the distances between each lower blade and the middle partition are sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through.

[0009] The separation plate A, the separation plate B, the separation plate C, the upper blades, and the spacing between the two lower blades and the two side plates are all sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through;

[0010] A proximity switch A is also provided in the box body, and the proximity switch A is used to assist the upper blade in rotating 90 degrees;

[0011] A fruit frame is provided below the box body.

[0012] Furthermore, the delivery assembly includes a delivery pipe, the rear end of which is mounted on the upper front plate;

[0013] An electric clamp for clamping fruits is provided at the front end of the conveying pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a wind speed sensor is provided on the conveying pipeline, and the wind speed sensor senses the wind speed in the conveying pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, a high-speed camera is provided on the conveying pipeline, and the high-speed camera obtains real-time images of the fruit when it is conveyed in the conveying pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, a photoelectric switch is provided at the rear end of the conveying pipe, and the photoelectric switch obtains a time signal when the fruit leaves the conveying pipe, and the electric gripper sends a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention uses pneumatic conveying to transport fruits, and can record the movement state of the fruits, the conveying time and the wind speed in the conveying pipeline during the conveying process, so that the wind speed in the conveying pipeline can be adjusted in real time according to the conveying effect of the fruits. The structure of the collecting component can reduce the damage suffered by the fruits during the collection process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the whole machine of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a fan assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3-Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the collection component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5-Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the rotation of blades in the collecting assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figures 9-11 Schematic diagram of the pneumatic conveying process of fruit bunches when the inlet of the conveying pipeline of the present invention is at different heights;

[0025] Reference numerals: 1-fan assembly; 2-collection assembly; 3-conveying assembly; 4-frame; 5-fan; 6-motor; 7-fan frame; 8-intake duct; 9-flange A; 10-flange B; 11-connecting block; 12-box frame connecting block; 13-upper plate; 14-upper front plate; 15-lower front plate; 16-transverse plate; 17-inclined plate; 18-rear plate; 19-side plate; 20-isolation plate A; 21-isolation plate B; 22-isolation plate C; 23-upper blade; 24-Lower blade; 25-Bearing seat; 26-Proximity switch A; 27-Proximity switch B; 28-57 stepper motor; 29-57 stepper motor seat; 30-86 stepper motor; 31-86 stepper motor seat; 32-Coupling; 33-Middle partition; 34-Fruit frame; 35-Conveying pipe; 36-Wind speed sensor; 37-High-speed camera; 38-Photoelectric switch; 39-Conveying pipe rack; 40-Electric gripper; 41-Electric gripper rack; 42-Computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-11 As shown, the fruit multi-posture pneumatic conveying automatic monitoring and collection device described in the present invention includes a frame 4, on which a conveying component 3 and a collecting component 2 are sequentially arranged, and a fan component 1 is also arranged at the rear of the frame 4.

[0028] The fan assembly 1 includes a fan 5, a motor 6, a fan frame 7 and an air intake duct 8, wherein the fan 5 is transmission-connected to the motor 6, the motor 6 is mounted on the fan frame 7 by bolts, and the air intake duct 8 is directly sleeved on the fan 5, thereby providing air power to the entire machine through the fan 5.

[0029] The collecting assembly 2 includes flange A9, flange B10, connecting block 11, box frame connecting block 12, upper plate 13, upper front plate 14, lower front plate 15, transverse plate 16, inclined plate 178, rear plate 18, side plate 19, isolation plate A20, isolation plate B21, isolation plate C22, upper blade 23, lower blade 24, bearing seat 25, proximity switch A26, proximity switch B27, 57 stepper motor 28, 57 stepper motor seat 29, 86 stepper motor 30, 86 stepper motor seat 31, coupling 32, middle partition 33 and fruit frame 34.

[0030] Specifically, the upper front panel 14 , the lower front panel 15 , the side panel 19 , the rear panel 18 and the upper panel 13 together form a bottomless box structure, wherein the lower front panel 15 is retracted a distance toward the inside of the box compared to the upper front panel 14 , and is connected at the bottom of the upper front panel 14 and the top of the lower front panel 15 by a horizontal panel 16 .

[0031] Flange A9 is bolted to the top of the upper plate 13, flange B10 is bolted to the outside of the upper front plate 14, and side plates 19 are attached to the left and right sides of the upper plate 13 via connecting blocks 11. Inside the box, a vertical isolation plate A20 is mounted on the upper plate 13. At its bottom, isolation plate A20 is fixedly connected to isolation plate B21, which is tilted toward the rear plate 18. Isolation plate B21, in turn, is fixedly connected to isolation plate C22, which is also tilted toward the rear plate 18. The tilt angle of isolation plate C22 is greater than that of isolation plate B21. Isolation plates A20, B21, and C22 are each connected to the side plates 19 via connecting blocks 11.

[0032] Three bearing seats 25 are also installed within the housing. The first bearing seat 25 is located midway between the lower front plate 15 and the rear plate 18, and its height does not exceed the bottom end of the isolation plate C22. The second and third bearing seats 25 are located below and equidistantly on either side of the first bearing seat 25. The upper blade 23 is mounted on the first bearing seat 25, while the lower blade 24 has two bearing seats, one mounted on the second and third bearing seats 25. The difference is that the upper blade 23 is mounted on the bearing seat 25 at the end, while the lower blade 24 is mounted on the bearing seat 25 at the center. This allows the upper blade 23 to rotate around the first bearing seat 25, and the lower blade 24 to rotate around the second and third bearing seats 25.

[0033] The inclined plate 17 is provided at the top end of the lower front plate 15 , and is inclined downward so that the outer ends of the upper blades 23 can just rest on the upper surface of the inclined plate 17 in the initial state.

[0034] The proximity switch A26 is installed on the inner side of the side panel 19, and its position is close to the isolation plate C22. It is mainly used to assist the upper blade 23 to rotate 90°, so that when the upper blade 23 rotates 90° from the initial position toward the direction of the proximity switch A, the distance between the upper blade 23 and the isolation plate C22 cannot pass the fruit.

[0035] Two proximity switches B27 are installed on the inner side of the lower front plate 15 and rear plate 18, respectively, to assist in the rotation of the two lower blades 24. Initially, the two lower blades 24 block the bottom of the box. Their length essentially covers the distance between the lower front plate 15 / rear plate 18 and the middle partition 33, preventing fruit from passing through. Assisted by the proximity switches B27, the lower blades 24 rotate 360°, allowing the fruit to pass through the second and third bearing blocks 25 and reach the bottom of the box.

[0036] The 57-stepper motor 28 is bolted to the 57-stepper motor base 29. The 57-stepper motor 28 is connected to the upper blade 23 via a coupling 32. The 57-stepper motor base 29 is bolted to the frame 4. The 86-stepper motor 30 is bolted to the 86-stepper motor base 31. The 86-stepper motor 30 is connected to the lower blade 24 via a coupling 32. The 86-stepper motor base 31 is also bolted to the frame 4.

[0037] The conveying assembly 3 includes a conveying pipe 35 connected to flange A9. An electric gripper 40 for gripping the fruit is located at the front end of the conveying pipe 35. The conveying pipe 35 is also equipped with a wind speed sensor 36 for sensing wind speed within the conveying pipe 35, and a high-speed camera 37 for capturing real-time images of the fruit as it is transported within the conveying pipe 35. A conveying pipe frame 39 is sleeved onto the end of the conveying pipe 35 and bolted to the frame 4. The electric gripper 40 is bolted to an electric gripper frame 41, which is in turn bolted to the frame 4. An external human-machine interface device, such as a computer 42, may also be located on the frame 4.

[0038] like Figure 9 、 10 As shown in FIG. 11 , by replacing the conveying pipe 35 and adjusting the inlet pipe of the conveying pipe 35 , the pneumatic conveying state of the fruit in different postures can be studied.

[0039] A photoelectric switch 38 is provided at the rear end of the conveying pipe 35 , which is used to obtain a time signal when the fruit leaves the conveying pipe 35 . At the same time, the electric clamp 40 can send a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipe 35 .

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0041] First, place the fruit on the electric gripper 40, turn on the fan assembly 1, and use the wind speed sensor 36 to detect the wind speed in the conveying pipe 35. The fan assembly 1 is adjusted to achieve the target wind speed. The electric gripper 40 is then opened, releasing the fruit. A signal is generated and sent out when the fruit enters the conveying pipe. A high-speed camera 37 captures the fruit's transport status in the conveying pipe 35, and a photoelectric switch 38 detects the time when the fruit leaves the conveying pipe 35. Based on the time signals of the fruit entering and leaving the conveying pipe 35, the fruit's transport time in the conveying pipe 35 is determined. A computer visualizes the fruit's transport time in the conveying pipe 35 and an image of the transport process, and the number of fruits transported is counted.

[0042] After being pneumatically transported to collection assembly 2, the fruit first collides with isolation plates A20, B21, and C22. The inclination of these three plates prevents the fruit from directly impacting the walls of collection assembly 2, reducing the impact force. The fruit then slides along upper blades 23 onto lower blades 24. The coordination of upper and lower blades 23, 24 reduces the height of the fruit's fall. Ventilation slots can be provided on these blades to cushion the fruit with airflow.

[0043] When the collection assembly 2 is fully loaded with fruit, proximity switch A26 rotates 90°, positioning upper blades 23 to a predetermined position. The fully loaded fruit then falls along upper blades 23 onto lower blades 24 on the other side. Lower blades 24 rotate 360°, releasing the fruit into fruit basket 34. Proximity switch B27 then positions lower blades 24 to a predetermined position. The coordination of upper and lower blades 23 and 24 ensures that the fruit falls evenly into fruit basket 34.

Claims

1. A device for automatic monitoring and collecting fruit in multiple pneumatic positions, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame, a collecting assembly and a conveying assembly are provided on the frame, a fan assembly is provided at the rear of the frame, a rear end of the conveying assembly is connected to a front end of the collecting assembly, and a rear end of the collecting assembly is connected to the fan assembly, and the fan assembly can generate airflow and form a negative pressure in the collecting assembly; The collecting assembly includes a bottomless box formed by an upper front plate, a lower front plate, side plates, an upper plate, and a rear plate. Inside the box, a vertically arranged isolation plate A is fixedly connected to the upper plate. The isolation plate A is fixedly connected at its bottom end to an isolation plate B that is inclined toward the rear plate. The isolation plate B is fixedly connected at its bottom to an isolation plate C that is also inclined toward the rear plate. The inclination angle of the isolation plate C is greater than the inclination angle of the isolation plate B. The lower front plate and the upper front plate are both vertically arranged, the lower front plate is closer to the rear plate than the upper front plate, a vertical middle partition is provided inside the box body, the top end of the middle partition is located below the top end of the lower front plate, the top end of the middle partition is provided with an upper blade that can rotate with the top end of the middle partition as the center of a circle, the top end of the lower front plate is fixedly connected to a downwardly inclined inclined plate, and in an initial state, the movable end of the upper blade falls on the upper surface of the inclined plate; Horizontal lower blades are provided on both sides of the middle partition, and the lower blades can rotate in a vertical plane with their own midpoints as the center of the circle. The height of the lower blades in a horizontal state is higher than the bottom end of the middle partition, and the distances between the two lower blades and the lower front plate / rear plate, as well as the distances between each lower blade and the middle partition are sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through. The separation plate A, the separation plate B, the separation plate C, the upper blades, and the spacing between the two lower blades and the two side plates are all sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through; A proximity switch A is also provided in the box body, and the proximity switch A is used to assist the upper blade in rotating 90 degrees; A fruit frame is provided below the box body.

2. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for multi-position pneumatic conveying of fruits according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying assembly includes a conveying pipe, the rear end of which is mounted on the upper front plate; An electric clamp for clamping fruits is provided at the front end of the conveying pipeline.

3. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for multi-position pneumatic conveying of fruits according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The conveying pipeline is also provided with a wind speed sensor, which senses the wind speed in the conveying pipeline.

4. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for multi-position pneumatic conveying of fruits according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The conveying pipeline is also provided with a high-speed camera, which obtains real-time images of the fruit when it is conveyed in the conveying pipeline.

5. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for multi-position pneumatic conveying of fruits according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A photoelectric switch is provided at the rear end of the conveying pipe, and the photoelectric switch obtains a time signal when the fruit leaves the conveying pipe, and the electric gripper sends a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipe.

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