Medicament for treating wastewater containing perchlorate

Abstract

The invention provides a medicament for treating wastewater containing perchlorate, which consists of two parts, namely a targeted remover and a guide activator, the core components of the targeted remover comprise dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and the like. The guiding activating agent comprises one or more of polyferric sulfate, polyferric chloride, polyaluminum ferric chloride and polyaluminum ferric silicate. The treatment agent is simple in component, a large number of perchlorate-loving ion groups contained in the treatment agent can be fully combined with perchlorate in wastewater, the perchlorate is separated out from water in a precipitation mode and then is separated and removed, and the one-step removal rate reaches 95% or above.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application.

[0002] Parent case application number: 2024116644017 Parent case filing date: November 20, 2024 Name of the invention of the parent case: A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent and treatment method Technical Field

[0003] The invention belongs to the technical field of perchlorate-containing wastewater treatment, and in particular relates to a medicament for treating perchlorate-containing wastewater. Background Art

[0004] Perchlorate is a typical persistent inorganic pollutant with the characteristics of high stability, fast diffusion, easy solubility and difficult degradation. Perchlorate is widely used in the fields of fireworks manufacturing, military manufacturing, fuel production and textile printing and dyeing. These industrial processes will produce a large amount of wastewater and waste residue containing perchlorate, and the risk of environmental pollution is extremely high. Perchlorate interferes with the normal function of the human thyroid gland, competitively inhibits the absorption of iodide by the thyroid gland, leads to reduced thyroid hormone secretion, and hinders metabolism or growth and development. Therefore, industrial wastewater containing perchlorate has entered the field of strict control. The Hunan Provincial Local Standard "Industrial Wastewater Perchlorate Pollutant Emission Standard" (DB43 / 3001-2024) clearly states that the emission limit of perchlorate pollutants is 0.7 mg / L. In addition, the "Drinking Water Hygiene Standard" (GB 5749-2022) includes perchlorate in the control requirements for the first time, and clearly states that the detection limit of perchlorate in drinking water is 0.07 mg / L.

[0005] At present, the main technologies for treating perchlorate wastewater are chemical catalytic reduction, biological method, adsorption method and membrane treatment method. Although these methods have high removal efficiency, they still have technical defects. For example, the chemical catalytic reduction method has high treatment cost, harsh reaction conditions, long treatment time, and is difficult to promote; the biological method has a long bacterial culture cycle, requires the addition of a large amount of carbon source, has a large lag in the fluctuation of wastewater quality, and has strict technical requirements for operators; the adsorbent adsorption method and membrane treatment method will produce high-concentration perchlorate regeneration liquid or concentrated liquid, which is difficult to dispose of later, and often requires the addition of some modification methods and steps to modify the adsorbent to improve the treatment effect.

[0006] CN118545874A discloses a method for purifying perchlorate wastewater, comprising the following steps: (1) adding ferrous agent to high-concentration perchlorate wastewater, wherein the concentration of perchlorate in the high-concentration perchlorate wastewater is 300 mg / L to 2000 mg / L, then adding a reducing agent, stirring for reaction, adjusting the pH value to 1 to 4, continuing the reaction, and obtaining a reduced liquid after the reaction is completed; (2) adjusting the pH value of the reduced solution to 6 to 10, filtering to obtain a first filtrate and a first filter residue; filtering the low-concentration perchlorate wastewater, wherein the concentration of perchlorate in the low-concentration perchlorate wastewater is 0.1 mg / L to 100 mg / L, to obtain a second filtrate and a second filter residue; (3) The first filtrate and the second filtrate are mixed and adsorbed with an ion exchange resin to obtain a treated liquid, wherein the concentration of perchlorate in the treated liquid is less than 0.07 mg / L, thereby completing the purification treatment.

[0007] The above methods mainly treat perchlorate by improving the process, and the reagents used are all existing reagents. The treatment process is complicated and the treatment cost is still relatively high.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a high-efficiency, low-cost, simple and easy perchlorate wastewater treatment agent and treatment method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of high operating cost, great difficulty in promotion and difficulty in handling high-concentration perchlorate regeneration liquid in existing perchlorate wastewater treatment technology, and to provide a perchlorate wastewater treatment agent with high treatment efficiency and a wide applicable concentration range and its application.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is: A reagent for treating wastewater containing perchlorate, which consists of a targeted removal agent and a guiding activator. The targeted removal agent is referred to as component A, and the guiding activator is referred to as component B, which is selected from any one of the following four schemes: Component A is: 38 parts of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 4 parts of sodium aluminate, and 55 parts of water; Component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use. When used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 5.5:1.5; Alternatively, component A is: 28 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3 parts of ethanol, 4 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 65 parts of water; component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use, and when used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 4:1; Alternatively, component A is: 33 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4 parts of ethanol, 3 parts of sodium aluminate, and 60 parts of water; component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use, and when used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 4:1; Alternatively, component A is: 20 parts of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, 25 parts of didecyldimethylammonium chloride, 4 parts of ethanol, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 46 parts of water; component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use, and when used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 4:1.5.

[0011] The above four perchlorate wastewater treatment agents can be supported by Example 5, Example 7, Example 8 and Example 10 in the specification.

[0012] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a perchlorate wastewater treatment agent, which consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent and a guiding activator: The targeted removal agent is referred to as component A. The core components of component A include one or more of octyltrimethylammonium chloride, trioctylmethylammonium chloride, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, decanyltrimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecylbishydroxyethylmethylammonium chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecylpyridinium chloride, octadecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, octyldecyldimethylammonium chloride, polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride, octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide; The guiding activator, referred to as component B, includes one or more of polyferric sulfate, polyferric chloride, polyaluminum ferric chloride, and polyaluminum ferric silicate.

[0013] Preferably, the targeted removal agent further comprises a dispersant, and the amount thereof is calculated by weight, and the relationship between the amount of the dispersant and the amount of the core component is: 20 to 50 parts of the core component and 3 to 10 parts of the dispersant; Preferably, the targeted removal agent further comprises an accelerator, and the amount thereof is calculated by weight, and the relationship between the amount of the accelerator and the amount of the core component is: 20-50 parts of the core component and 3-10 parts of the accelerator; The targeted removal agent after the core component, dispersant and promoter are combined has better treatment effect and efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, the dispersant includes one or more of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.

[0015] Preferably, the promoter includes one or more of aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, sodium metaaluminate, and alum.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the targeted removal agent is as follows: the substances described in component A are mixed with water and stirred evenly to obtain an aqueous solution of component A with a mass concentration of 30%-70%.

[0017] Preferably, the guiding activator is an aqueous solution of component B with a mass concentration of 5%-35%.

[0018] The targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use. When used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is preferably: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 1-6:1.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for treating perchlorate wastewater, using the above-mentioned treatment agent, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Adding an aqueous solution of component A to the wastewater in a weight ratio of perchlorate content: aqueous solution of component A = 0.03-0.13:1, and stirring for reaction; S2, mixing the wastewater obtained in step S1 with the aqueous solution of component B in a weight ratio of component A: component B = 1-6:1, and stirring for reaction; S3, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution after the reaction in step S2 to 6.0-9.0, and stirring the mixture for reaction; S4, mixing the mixed liquid after the reaction in step S3 with a flocculant, and stirring the mixture at a pH value of 6.0-9.0 to react. After liquid-solid separation, the obtained clear liquid is the effluent of the primary treatment, and can also be used as recycled water for production reuse.

[0020] Preferably, the method further comprises step S5: S5. Use an intermediate lift pump to pass the primary treated effluent obtained in step S4 into a fixed bed adsorption column filled with perchlorate selective adsorption resin for deep adsorption treatment. The effluent obtained is the treated effluent that meets the standards. The waste liquid generated during the regeneration process of the perchlorate selective adsorption resin can be removed using the above steps S1-S4.

[0021] In the above treatment method, preferably, in step S1, the stirring reaction time is 10 to 40 min.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the mass concentration of the aqueous solution of component B is 5-20%; and the stirring reaction time is 10-40 min.

[0023] Preferably, in step S3, the pH value of the mixed solution after the reaction in step S2 is adjusted by using calcium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution or sodium carbonate solution.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, the stirring reaction time is 10 to 40 min.

[0025] Preferably, in step S4, the mass concentration of the flocculant is 0.1% to 0.3%; the stirring reaction time is 8 to 30 min. The flocculant includes an aqueous solution of polyacrylamide, a microbial flocculant, a composite flocculant, etc.

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, the liquid-solid separation method includes one of sedimentation, flotation or filtration.

[0027] Principle of the present invention: The treatment agent components of the present invention are simple, wherein the core component of the targeted removal agent can be purchased directly in the market, and it is not used as an adsorbent, nor as a modifier of a conventional adsorbent, but as a precipitant. The large amount of ionic groups pro-perchlorate contained in it can fully combine with the perchlorate in the wastewater, precipitate from the water in the form of precipitation, and then be separated and removed, with a one-step removal rate of more than 95%. The role of the guiding activator can fully activate the core component and make it participate in the precipitation reaction, and separate the perchlorate from the water in the form of precipitation. The dissociation and reaction characteristics of the functional groups of the core component can be promoted by assisting the targeted removal agent with a dispersant, and the precipitation reaction can be accelerated. The particle aggregation of the precipitated product can be promoted by assisting the targeted removal agent with a promoter, and the precipitation time can be reduced by agglomerating small particles into large particles. The present invention is applicable to perchlorate wastewaters of different concentrations, and a suitable dosage can be selected according to the perchlorate content in the wastewater, reducing the cost of the agent, while ensuring the maximum removal of the perchlorate component in the wastewater.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The perchlorate wastewater treatment agent of the present invention has simple components, cheap and readily available raw materials, a simple preparation method, and can be industrially produced in large quantities.

[0029] The perchlorate wastewater treatment agent of the present invention has high removal efficiency for perchlorate ions, and the one-step removal rate can reach more than 95%. Combined with the fixed bed deep adsorption treatment of perchlorate selective adsorption resin, it is suitable for the removal of perchlorate wastewater with different concentrations, has stable treatment effect, is easy to achieve treatment conditions at normal temperature and pressure, is simple to operate, and has high promotion value.

[0030] The addition of the agent of the present invention during the pre-treatment process can effectively remove more than 95% of the perchlorate, so that the usage load of the ion exchange resin in the subsequent deep treatment module is lower, the continuous function time is longer, and frequent regeneration is not required, which greatly saves the treatment cost of perchlorate wastewater.

[0031] The waste liquid generated in the regeneration process of the perchlorate selective adsorption resin in the present invention can be removed by the above-mentioned steps S1-S4, so there is no problem of handling the regeneration concentrated liquid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, materials, and equipment used in the present invention are purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods. Example 1

[0034] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent, consisting of a targeted remover and a guided activator: The targeted removal agent is an aqueous solution of hexadecylpyridinium chloride with a mass concentration of 40%, referred to as component A; The guiding activator is an aqueous solution of polyferric sulfate with a mass concentration of 25%, referred to as component B.

[0035] Store components A and B separately.

[0036] The method for using the above-mentioned medicament comprises the following steps: S1. Add component A to the wastewater at a ratio of perchlorate content to component A aqueous solution = 0.07:1 (weight ratio), and stir to react for 40 min; the wastewater is perchlorate wastewater from a firecracker manufacturing company in Liuyang City, and the raw water ClO4 - It is 71.3mg / L.

[0037] S2, mixing the wastewater obtained in step S1 with the aqueous solution of component B, with a dosage ratio of component A: component B = 5:1, and stirring for 40 min; S3, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution after the reaction in step S2 to 7.0, and stirring the reaction for 10 min; S4, the mixed solution after the reaction in step S3 was mixed with the polyacrylamide aqueous solution, and stirred for 10 min at a pH value of 7.0. After liquid-solid separation, the obtained clear liquid was the primary effluent, and the effluent ClO4 was detected. - The primary effluent can also be used as recycled water for production.

[0038] S5, using an intermediate lift pump to pass the primary treated water obtained in step S4 into a fixed bed adsorption column filled with perchlorate selective adsorption resin (specifically, the special resin of Tianjin Xinyue Huamei Environmental Protection Company) for deep adsorption treatment, and detecting the ClO4 - The effluent obtained is the treated effluent that meets the standards, and the waste liquid generated during the regeneration process of the perchlorate selective adsorption resin can be removed by the above steps S1-S4. Example 2

[0039] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent, consisting of a targeted remover and a guided activator: The targeted removal agent is an aqueous solution of 30% by mass concentration of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide and 3% ethanol, referred to as component A; The guiding activator is an aqueous solution of polyferric chloride with a mass concentration of 20%, referred to as component B.

[0040] Store components A and B separately.

[0041] The method for using the above-mentioned agent comprises the following steps: S1. Add component A to the wastewater at a ratio of perchlorate content to component A aqueous solution = 0.05:1 (weight ratio), and stir for 35 min; the wastewater is perchlorate wastewater from a firecracker manufacturing company in Liuyang City, and the raw water ClO4 - It is 71.3mg / L.

[0042] S2, mixing the wastewater obtained in step S1 with the aqueous solution of component B, with a dosage ratio of component A: component B = 4:1, and stirring for 25 min; S3, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution after the reaction in step S2 to 8.0, and stirring the reaction for 15 min; S4, the mixed solution after the reaction in step S3 was mixed with the polyacrylamide aqueous solution, and stirred for 10 min at a pH value of 8.0. After liquid-solid separation, the obtained clear liquid was the primary effluent, and the effluent ClO4 was detected. - The primary effluent can also be used as recycled water for production.

[0043] S5, using an intermediate lift pump to pass the primary treated water obtained in step S4 into a fixed bed adsorption column filled with perchlorate selective adsorption resin (specifically, the special resin of Tianjin Xinyue Huamei Environmental Protection Company) for deep adsorption treatment, and detecting the ClO4 -The effluent obtained is the treated effluent that meets the standards, and the waste liquid generated during the regeneration process of the perchlorate selective adsorption resin can be removed by the above steps S1-S4. Example 3

[0044] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 45 parts of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 3 parts of ethanol, 3 parts of aluminum chloride, and 49 parts of water. Example 4

[0045] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 34 parts of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, 5 parts of methanol, 7 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 54 parts of water. Example 5

[0046] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 38 parts of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3 parts of isopropanol, 4 parts of sodium aluminate, and 55 parts of water. Example 6

[0047] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises 50 parts of dodecyl bis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride, 4 parts of methanol, 5 parts of aluminum chloride, and 41 parts of water. Example 7

[0048] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 28 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3 parts of ethanol, 4 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 65 parts of water. Example 8

[0049] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 33 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4 parts of ethanol, 3 parts of sodium aluminate, and 60 parts of water. Example 9

[0050] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 50 parts of dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 10 parts of methanol, 7 parts of aluminum chloride, and 33 parts of water. Example 10

[0051] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent consists of two parts: a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guiding activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1. Component A comprises: 20 parts of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, 25 parts of didecyldimethylammonium chloride, 4 parts of ethanol, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 46 parts of water. Embodiment 11

[0052] A perchlorate wastewater treatment agent, which is composed of a targeted removal agent (component A) and a guide activator (component B). The preparation method of component A is the same as that of Example 1, and component A is: 30 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, 12 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 5 parts of ethanol, 4 parts of alum, and 49 parts of water. The perchlorate wastewater treatment agent prepared by the present invention is tested for performance. The raw water used in the water treatment experiment is taken from the effluent of the tertiary sedimentation tank of a fireworks enterprise in Liuyang City. The raw water ClO4 - It is 260 mg / L.

[0053] The method for using the above-mentioned agent comprises the following steps: S1. Add component A to the wastewater at a ratio of perchlorate content to component A aqueous solution = 0.03-0.13:1 (weight ratio). See Table 1 for specific amounts, and stir to react for 10 minutes. S2, mixing the wastewater obtained in step S1 with the aqueous solution of component B (the dosage is shown in Table 1), stirring and reacting for 10 min; S3, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution after the reaction in step S2 to 8.3, and stirring the reaction for 10 min; S4, the mixed solution after the reaction in step S3 was mixed with the polyacrylamide aqueous solution, and stirred for 8 min at a pH value of 8.3. After liquid-solid separation, the obtained clear liquid was the primary effluent, and the effluent ClO4 was detected. - See Table 1. Primary effluent can also be used as recycled water for production reuse.

[0054] S5, using an intermediate lift pump to pass the primary treated water obtained in step S4 into a fixed bed adsorption column filled with perchlorate selective adsorption resin (specifically, the special resin of Tianjin Xinyue Huamei Environmental Protection Company) for deep adsorption treatment, and detecting the ClO4 -See Table 1. The effluent obtained is the treated effluent that meets the standards, and the waste liquid generated during the regeneration process of the perchlorate selective adsorption resin can be removed by the above-mentioned steps S1-S4.

[0055] The targeted removal agent (component A) prepared in Examples 3 to 11 was used to carry out wastewater treatment experiments to measure ClO4 before and after treatment. - The concentrations are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Pollutant concentrations in treated water

[0057] Note: The above B components are all aqueous solutions with a mass concentration of 25%.

[0058] Experimental results: According to the test data in Table 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, after the treatment in steps S1-S4, the removal rate of perchlorate in the wastewater reached 94.7%, 96.6%, 94.2%, 94.5%, 97.1%, 97.3%, 95.2%, 98.0% and 97.3%, respectively. After the fixed bed deep adsorption treatment with the perchlorate selective adsorption resin, the perchlorate concentration was further reduced to the standard.

[0059] Comparative Example Step 5 is not included. Commonly used adsorbent material modifiers such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, tributyl phosphate, aluminum sulfate, sodium humate, and polyethyleneimine are used to replace component A (with a mass concentration of 20%), and component B is a polyferric chloride solution with a mass concentration of 25%. The treatment method is the same as that in Example 1. The treatment objects are: the effluent from the tertiary sedimentation tank of a fireworks enterprise in Liuyang City, the raw water ClO4 - is 260 mg / L. After being treated with different agents, the results are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that ClO4 - There is almost no effective removal because conventional adsorption modifiers are not very effective for ClO4 - There is no adsorption or removal effect at all.

[0060] Table 2 Effect comparison data

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or modifications based on the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reagent for treating wastewater containing perchlorate, which is composed of a targeted removal agent and a guiding activator. The targeted removal agent is referred to as component A, and the guiding activator is referred to as component B. The characteristics are: Choose from any of the following four options: Component A is: 38 parts of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 4 parts of sodium aluminate, and 55 parts of water; Component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use. When used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 5.5:1.5; Alternatively, component A is: 28 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3 parts of ethanol, 4 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 65 parts of water; component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use, and when used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 4:1; Alternatively, component A is: 33 parts of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4 parts of ethanol, 3 parts of sodium aluminate, and 60 parts of water; component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use, and when used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 4:1; Alternatively, component A is: 20 parts of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, 25 parts of didecyldimethylammonium chloride, 4 parts of ethanol, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, and 46 parts of water; component B is: polyferric chloride; the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator are stored separately before use, and when used, the mass ratio of the targeted removal agent and the guiding activator is: targeted removal agent: guiding activator = 4:1.5.

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