Method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke dust and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke dust and application. The treatment method comprises the following steps that S1, the copper smelting smoke dust and water are mixed, sieved and separated, and first slurry and copper-rich oversize products are obtained; s2, adding sulfuric acid into the first slurry, heating, then adding an oxidizing agent, controlling the end-point oxidation-reduction potential to be 250-300mv, and cooling after reaction to obtain second slurry; s3, the second slurry is pumped into a reselection device, light slurry and heavy slurry are separated, then the heavy slurry is filtered, first filter residues are collected, and copper-rich slag is obtained; the light slurry is filtered, second filter residues are collected, and lead-rich residues are obtained; combining the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain a copper sulfate solution. By the adoption of the method, a weighting agent does not need to be introduced, the copper content in the produced lead-rich slag is lower, the purification treatment efficiency of lead and copper in the later period can be improved, and meanwhile the loss of copper is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal recovery, and in particular to a method and application of separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke. Background Art

[0002] Copper smelting fume is grayish white solid particulate matter volatilized during the blowing process of copper-containing minerals. Its composition is complex, containing not only valuable metals such as copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, bismuth, gold and silver, but also toxic substances such as arsenic. Each substance mainly exists in the form of oxides, sulfides, sulfates, arsenates and their complex salts.

[0003] In the related art, the separation and recovery methods of metal ions in copper smelting dust are mainly divided into wet method, pyrometallurgical method, wet-pyrometallurgical combined process and metallurgical combined process. Among them, the wet process is mainly divided into acid leaching and alkaline leaching. During acid leaching, most of the copper, zinc, cadmium and arsenic enter the solution, while lead is enriched in the leaching slag. Since the composition and composition of copper smelting dust are greatly affected by raw materials, furnace type, furnace condition and smelting process, the recovery rate of copper during acid leaching is generally around 30% to 95%, and there are defects such as large fluctuations in recovery rate and greater difficulty in production control. During alkaline leaching, copper is retained in the leaching slag, most of the lead, zinc, cadmium and arsenic enter the solution, and some will remain in the leaching slag. Therefore, in addition to copper, the leaching slag also contains a large amount of lead and arsenic, resulting in poor separation of copper and lead. The pyrometallurgical process mainly combines copper smelting dust with lead-zinc ore, mainly to recover secondary metals of lead and zinc, and to recover other metal materials as a supplement. However, the use of pyrometallurgical processes (such as solidification roasting method) is prone to cause the loss of metals such as copper and lead, and the amount of slag is large. The combined wet-pyrometallurgical process usually first acidically leaches copper, zinc, cadmium and arsenic from copper smelting dust, and then uses the pyrometallurgical lead smelting process to recover the lead in the leached slag. This process is complex and costly. The combined smelting process combines the wet or pyrometallurgical process with the ore dressing process. Usually, the copper smelting dust is first pyrometallurgically roasted to allow lead and zinc to enter the flue gas first, and the roasting product is then re-selected to separate copper. However, in actual application, the lead recovery rate is low.

[0004] Based on this, there is an urgent need to find a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke that is simple, low-cost, and has a wide range of applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke. The method of the present invention can effectively reduce the copper carried away by lead slag, thereby improving the total copper and lead recovery rate.

[0006] The present invention also proposes the application of the above method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke in separating lead.

[0007] The present invention also proposes the application of the above method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke in separating copper.

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Mixing copper smelting smoke and water, sieving, and separating to obtain a first slurry and a copper-rich oversize;

[0010] S2, adding sulfuric acid to the first slurry, heating, then adding an oxidant and controlling the end point redox potential to be 250-300 mv, continuing the reaction and then cooling to obtain a second slurry;

[0011] S3, pumping the second slurry into a gravity separation device to separate the light slurry from the heavy slurry, then filtering the heavy slurry, collecting the first filter residue to obtain copper-rich slag; filtering the light slurry, collecting the second filter residue to obtain lead-rich slag; combining the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0012] The method for treating copper smelting dust according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The present invention removes the large-particle copper compounds that are difficult to leach by screening first. Under the condition of the same amount of oxidant added during leaching, the leaching efficiency is higher, the copper content in the produced lead-rich slag is lower, and the total copper recovery rate is higher. In addition, the present invention uses copper smelting smoke to mix with water first, which can directly eliminate the agglomeration phenomenon without the need for other crushing facilities.

[0014] (2) The present invention proposes to improve the copper-lead separation effect by controlling the end point redox potential (250-300mv). On the one hand, it helps to selectively oxidize copper sulfide (d=4.6) and cuprous sulfide (d=5.6) in copper dust into cuprous oxide (d=6.0), avoiding further oxidation of cuprous oxide to form cupric oxide, thus saving the amount of oxidant. On the other hand, cuprous oxide can further react with sulfuric acid to form soluble copper sulfate and insoluble elemental copper (d=8.96); and lead, another main substance in copper dust, exists mainly in the form of lead sulfate and lead oxide. The high specific gravity lead oxide (d=9.5) generates low specific gravity lead sulfate (d=6.2) during acid leaching. The specific gravity of elemental copper is much greater than that of lead sulfate, so copper-rich slag and lead-rich slag can be easily separated during gravity separation. The chemical reactions involved are as follows:

[0015] 2CuS↓+O 2 =Cu 2 S↓+SO 2 ;

[0016] 2Cu 2 S↓+3O 2=2Cu 2 O↓+2SO 2 ;

[0017] Cu 2 O↓+H 2 SO 4 =CuSO 4 +Cu↓+H 2 O;

[0018] PbO↓+H 2 SO 4 =PbSO 4 ↓+H 2 O.

[0019] (3) Based on the present invention, the method of oxidative acid leaching is adopted. During acid leaching, the copper, zinc, arsenic and cadmium in the copper smoke will enter the solution in the form of sulfate or arsenate compounds, which helps to increase the specific gravity of the solution. After the copper smoke ash is leached, the slurry is directly reselected without the need to add additional weighting agents. The method of the present invention can effectively reduce the copper carried away by the lead slag, thereby improving the total copper and lead recovery rate in the subsequent treatment process.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the mass volume ratio of the copper smelting smoke to water is 1g:3-5mL. A higher solid-liquid ratio makes the screen easy to clog, and the filtered slurry needs to be leached with sulfuric acid later. The solution will evaporate during the heating reaction, which will further reduce the water content, making the slurry viscous after the subsequent reaction, which is not conducive to the subsequent gravity separation; while a lower solid-liquid ratio will lead to a waste of sulfuric acid. Usually, different gravity separation equipment has certain differences in the concentration requirements of the slurry.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the copper smelting fume contains, by mass fraction, 8% to 20% Cu, 15% to 40% Pb, 2% to 15% Zn, 0.35% to 4.5% Cd, and 4% to 15% As.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the mass volume ratio of the copper smelting fume to water is 1 g: 3-5 mL.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the mesh size of the sieving sieve is 200-325 meshes.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the post-treatment of the copper-rich oversize includes returning the copper to smelting and / or blowing treatment.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the initial sulfuric acid concentration in the solution after adding the sulfuric acid is 6% to 8%.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the heating temperature is 80-95°C.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the reaction time is 2 to 4 hours.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide and / or sodium hypochlorite.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the gravity separation device is selected from any one of a cyclone, a spiral concentrator, and a spiral chute.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cyclone is a hydrocyclone, and / or the cyclone feed pressure is 0.15-0.25 MPa.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the inner surface of the spiral groove of the spiral concentrator is 4:0.8-1.2.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the post-treatment of the copper-rich slag includes returning to copper smelting and / or blowing treatment.

[0033] The second aspect of the present invention provides the use of the method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust as described in any one of the first aspects in separating lead.

[0034] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting fume as described in any one of the first aspects in separating copper.

[0035] According to the application of the embodiment of the present invention, there are at least the following beneficial effects: the use of the method of the present invention for separating copper can improve the recovery rate of copper and reduce the copper content in the lead-rich slag.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description which follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for treating copper smelting smoke. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the embodiments to clearly and completely describe the concept of the present invention and the technical effects produced, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The words "preferably", "more preferably", etc. in the present invention refer to embodiments of the present invention that may provide certain beneficial effects in certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred under the same circumstances or other circumstances. In addition, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not applicable, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the present invention.

[0041] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is considered to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, the reference term "and / or" includes all and any combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0044] If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. Mix the copper smelting smoke with water, sieve, separate the large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize), and collect the first slurry to enter the next step;

[0047] S2, adding concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, controlling the initial sulfuric acid concentration in the solution to be 6% to 8%, and slowly adding an oxidant, controlling the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to be 250 to 300 mv, continuing the reaction for a period of time and then cooling to obtain a second slurry;

[0048] S3. Pump the obtained second slurry into the gravity separation equipment to separate the light slurry and the heavy slurry, then filter the heavy slurry, collect the first filter residue to obtain copper-rich slag; filter the light slurry, collect the second filter residue to obtain lead-rich slag; combine the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the copper smelting fume contains, by mass fraction, 8% to 20% Cu, 15% to 40% Pb, 2% to 15% Zn, 0.35% to 4.5% Cd, and 4% to 15% As.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing ratio of copper smelting smoke and water in step S1 is preferably 1g:3-5mL, and the mesh number of the sieve for sieving separation is preferably 200-325 meshes; the separated large particles on the sieve are mainly metallic copper and cuprous sulfide, which can be directly returned to copper smelting and blowing treatment.

[0051] Specifically, the copper smelting process includes flash smelting, Noranda molten pool smelting, and top blowing submerged smelting, and the copper converting process includes converter converting and flash converting furnace converting.

[0052] The present invention removes most of the copper that is difficult to decompose by screening first. Under the condition of the same amount of oxidant added during leaching, the leaching efficiency is higher, the copper content in the produced lead-rich slag is lower, and the total copper recovery rate is higher. At the same time, the copper ash is first mixed with water to directly eliminate the agglomeration phenomenon without the need for other crushing facilities.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide and / or sodium hypochlorite.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gravity separation equipment is selected from FX-125 hydrocyclone or spiral concentrator. When the gravity separation equipment is FX-125 hydrocyclone, the feed pressure is 0.15-0.25 MPa. When the gravity separation equipment is a spiral concentrator, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the inner surface of the spiral groove is 4:0.8-1.2.

[0055] The method of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, wherein the copper smelting dust used is converter dust, and the mass fractions of the main elements are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1: Mass fraction of main elements in copper smelting dust

[0059] Cu Pb Zn Cd As 10.9％ 36.6％ 2.5％ 0.41％ 8.2％

[0060] The above-mentioned method for treating copper smelting smoke specifically includes the following contents.

[0061] (1) Screening treatment:

[0062] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly according to a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to separate large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be returned to the copper smelting process after being mixed with copper concentrate to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0063] (2) Oxidative acid leaching treatment:

[0064] Add 890 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 85°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 280 mv, add a total of 160 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue the reaction for 3 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0065] (3) Lead slag separation:

[0066] The second slurry obtained above is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone with a feed pressure of 0.15 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry, and the underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag; the overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0067] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2: Detection of Cu and Pb content in each isolate in Example 1

[0069]

[0070] Based on the above test results, it can be known that the method of the present invention can separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag reaches 95.22%, wherein the loss rate of Cu is only 1.41% (i.e., the part taken away by the lead-rich slag), which is helpful for the subsequent classification and treatment of lead-rich slag and copper-containing components (such as screen oversize, copper-rich slag and copper sulfate solution).

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, wherein the copper smelting dust used is converter dust, and the main components are shown in Table 1.

[0073] The above-mentioned method for treating copper smelting smoke specifically includes the following contents.

[0074] (1) Screening treatment:

[0075] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly according to a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to separate large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be returned to the copper smelting process after being mixed with copper concentrate to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0076] (2) Oxidative acid leaching treatment:

[0077] Add 890 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 85°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 280 mv, add a total of 160 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue the reaction for 3 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0078] (3) Lead slag separation:

[0079] The second slurry obtained above is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone with a feed pressure of 0.25 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry, and the underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag; the overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0080] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0081] Table 3: Detection of Cu and Pb content in each isolate in Example 2

[0082]

[0083] Based on the above test results, it can be known that the method of the present invention can separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag reaches 96.14%, and the loss rate of Cu is only 1.14%.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] This embodiment provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke, wherein the main components of the copper smelting smoke used are shown in Table 1. Based on the above copper smelting smoke treatment method, it specifically includes the following contents.

[0086] (1) Screening treatment:

[0087] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly at a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:6L, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve to separate large-particle oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be mixed with copper concentrate and returned to the copper smelting process to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0088] (2) Oxidative acid leaching treatment:

[0089] Add 530 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 95°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 260 mv, add 140 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue to react for 4 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0090] (3) Lead slag separation:

[0091] The second slurry obtained above is directly pumped into a spiral concentrator with a ratio of the major axis to the minor axis on the inner surface of the spiral groove of 4:1 for gravity separation to separate the light slurry and the heavy slurry. The heavy slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag. The light slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the light slurry filtrate and the heavy slurry filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0092] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0093] Table 4: Detection of Cu and Pb content in each isolate in Example 3

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Based on the above test results, it can be known that the method of the present invention can separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag reaches 91.17%, wherein the loss rate of Cu is 2.02%.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] This embodiment provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke, wherein the main components of the copper smelting smoke used are shown in Table 1. Based on the above copper smelting smoke treatment method, it specifically includes the following contents.

[0099] (1) Screening treatment:

[0100] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly at a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:6L, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve to separate large-particle oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be mixed with copper concentrate and returned to the copper smelting process to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0101] (2) Oxidative acid leaching treatment:

[0102] Add 530 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 95°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 260 mv, add 140 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue to react for 4 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0103] (3) Lead slag separation:

[0104] The second slurry obtained above is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone with a feed pressure of 0.22 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry, and the underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag; the overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0105] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0106] Table 5: Detection of Cu and Pb content in each isolate in Example 4

[0107]

[0108] Based on the above test results, it can be known that the method of the present invention can separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag reaches 94.61%, wherein the loss rate of Cu is 1.64%.

[0109] Example 5

[0110] This embodiment provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke, wherein the main components of the copper smelting smoke used are shown in Table 1. Based on the above copper smelting smoke treatment method, it specifically includes the following contents.

[0111] (1) Screening treatment:

[0112] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly at a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:6L, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve to separate large-particle oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be mixed with copper concentrate and returned to the copper smelting process to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0113] (2) Oxidative acid leaching treatment:

[0114] Add 460 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 7%, then heat to 80°C, slowly add 10% industrial sodium hypochlorite at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 290 mv, add a total of 150 g of 10% industrial sodium hypochlorite, continue the reaction for 4 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0115] (3) Lead slag separation:

[0116] The second slurry obtained above is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone with a feed pressure of 0.20 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry, and the underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag; the overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0117] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 6.

[0118] Table 6: Detection of Cu and Pb content in each isolate in Example 5

[0119]

[0120] Based on the above test results, it can be known that the method of the present invention can separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag reaches 94.94%, wherein the loss rate of Cu is 1.18%.

[0121] Comparative Example 1

[0122] This comparative example provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, which has the same liquid-to-solid ratio, sulfuric acid addition amount, hydrogen peroxide addition amount and reaction time as Example 1, except that the copper and lead slag is directly leached without screening, and then separated by gravity selection. The specific method is as follows:

[0123] (1) Oxidative acid leaching treatment:

[0124] The copper smelting fume and water were mixed evenly according to the solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, 890g of concentrated sulfuric acid was added, and the initial concentration of sulfuric acid was controlled to be 8%, then heated to 85°C, and 160g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide was slowly added at the same time, the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) was 210mv, and the reaction was continued for 3h and then cooled to room temperature.

[0125] (2) Lead slag separation:

[0126] The above slurry is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone with a feed pressure of 0.15 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry, and the underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag; the overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0127] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0128] Table 7: Detection of Cu and Pb element contents in each isolate of Comparative Example 1

[0129]

[0130] Based on the above test results, it can be seen that the method is used to separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag reaches 94.65%, but the loss rate of Cu reaches 10.85%.

[0131] Comparative Example 2

[0132] This comparative example provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, which has the same liquid-to-solid ratio, sulfuric acid addition amount and reaction time as Example 1, and the only difference from Example 1 is the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide, and its ORP is 410mV. The specific method is as follows:

[0133] (1) Screening treatment:

[0134] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly according to a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to separate large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be returned to the copper smelting process after being mixed with copper concentrate to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0135] (2) Acid leaching oxidation treatment:

[0136] Add 890 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 85°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 410 mv, add 250 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue to react for 3 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0137] (3) Cyclone separation:

[0138] The above-obtained slurry is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone at a feed pressure of 0.15 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry. The underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag; the overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution. The content of Cu and Pb elements in the above-mentioned separates at each stage is tested, and the results are shown in Table 8.

[0139] Table 8: Detection of Cu and Pb element contents in each isolate of Comparative Example 2

[0140]

[0141] Based on the above test results, it can be seen that the method is used to separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the loss rate of Cu in the recovered lead-rich slag is 0.67%, but the recovery rate of Pb is only 89.91%, and part of the lead is taken away by the copper slag.

[0142] Comparative Example 3

[0143] This comparative example provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, which has the same liquid-to-solid ratio, sulfuric acid addition amount, reaction time and gravity separation parameters as Example 1, except that the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is controlled to be 230mv during oxidative acid leaching. The specific method is as follows:

[0144] (1) Screening treatment:

[0145] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly according to a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to separate large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be returned to the copper smelting process after being mixed with copper concentrate to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0146] (2) Acid leaching oxidation treatment:

[0147] Add 890 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 85°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 230 mv, add a total of 120 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue to react for 3 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0148] (3) Cyclone separation:

[0149] The obtained slurry is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone at a feed pressure of 0.15 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry. The underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag. The overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0150] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 9.

[0151] Table 9: Detection of Cu and Pb element contents in each isolate of Comparative Example 3

[0152]

[0153] Based on the above test results, it can be seen that this method is used to separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, where the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag is 94.94%, but the loss rate of Cu reaches 6.11%, which is presumably related to the incomplete oxidation of the first slurry.

[0154] Comparative Example 4

[0155] This comparative example provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, which has the same liquid-to-solid ratio, sulfuric acid addition amount, hydrogen peroxide addition amount and reaction time as Example 1, except that the slurry after screening and leaching is not reselected to separate the copper and lead slag. The specific method is as follows:

[0156] (1) Screening treatment:

[0157] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly according to a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to separate large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be returned to the copper smelting process after being mixed with copper concentrate to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0158] (2) Acid leaching oxidation treatment:

[0159] Add 890 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 85°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the endpoint oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 280 mv, add 160 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide in total, continue to react for 3 hours, then cool to room temperature, filter, and obtain lead slag and copper sulfate solution.

[0160] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 10.

[0161] Table 10: Detection of Cu and Pb content in each isolate of Comparative Example 4

[0162]

[0163] Based on the above test results, it can be seen that the method is used to separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, wherein the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag is 98.73%, and the loss rate of Cu is as high as 12.61%, which makes it difficult to effectively separate copper from lead slag.

[0164] Comparative Example 5

[0165] This comparative example provides a method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, which has the same liquid-to-solid ratio, sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide addition amount, and reaction time as Example 1, and the only difference is that the feed pressure during gravity separation hydrocyclone is 0.1 MPa. The specific method is as follows:

[0166] (1) Screening treatment:

[0167] The copper smelting fume and water are mixed evenly according to a solid-liquid ratio of 2000g:10L, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to separate large-particle copper-rich oversize and the first slurry (undersize). The copper-rich oversize can be returned to the copper smelting process after being mixed with copper concentrate to recover copper, and the first slurry (undersize) enters the next step;

[0168] (2) Acid leaching oxidation treatment:

[0169] Add 890 g of concentrated sulfuric acid to the first slurry, control the initial concentration of sulfuric acid to 8%, then heat to 85°C, slowly add 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide at the same time, control the end point oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to 280 mv, add a total of 160 g of 27.5% industrial hydrogen peroxide, continue the reaction for 3 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a second slurry.

[0170] (3) Cyclone separation:

[0171] The obtained slurry is directly pumped into the FX-125 hydrocyclone at a feed pressure of 0.1 MPa to separate the underflow heavy slurry and the overflow light slurry. The underflow slurry is filtered to obtain copper-rich slag. The overflow slurry is filtered to obtain lead-rich slag, and the underflow filtrate and the overflow filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

[0172] The contents of Cu and Pb in the above-mentioned separate products were tested, and the results are shown in Table 11.

[0173] Table 11: Detection of Cu and Pb element contents in each isolate of Comparative Example 5

[0174]

[0175] Based on the above test results, it can be seen that this method is used to separate copper and lead in copper smelting smoke, where the recovery rate of Pb in the recovered lead-rich slag is 92.95%, but the loss rate of Cu reaches 8.3%. It can be seen that the feed pressure of 0.1MPa is too low and is not conducive to the separation of copper and lead.

[0176] In summary, the present invention provides a method and application for separating copper and lead from copper smelting smoke. The method of the present invention can effectively reduce the copper carried away by lead slag, which helps to improve the subsequent recovery rate of total copper and lead.

[0177] The above is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting dust, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Mixing copper smelting smoke and water, sieving, and separating to obtain a first slurry and a copper-rich oversize; S2, adding sulfuric acid to the first slurry, heating, then adding an oxidant and controlling the end point redox potential to be 250-300 mv, continuing the reaction and then cooling to obtain a second slurry; S3, pumping the second slurry into a gravity separation device to separate the light slurry from the heavy slurry, then filtering the heavy slurry, and collecting the first filter residue to obtain copper-rich slag; The light slurry is filtered, and the second filter residue is collected to obtain lead-rich residue; the first filtrate and the second filtrate are combined to obtain a copper sulfate solution.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass volume ratio of the copper smelting smoke and water is 1g:3-5mL; And / or, the mesh number of the sieving sieve is 200-325 meshes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the post-treatment of the copper-rich oversize includes returning to copper smelting and / or blowing treatment.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the initial sulfuric acid concentration in the solution after adding the sulfuric acid is 6% to 8%; And / or, the heating temperature is 80-95°C; And / or, the reaction time is 2 to 4 hours.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step S2, the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide and / or sodium hypochlorite.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In step S3, the gravity separation device is selected from any one of a cyclone, a spiral concentrator, and a spiral chute.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The cyclone is a hydrocyclone, and / or the cyclone feed pressure is 0.15-0.25 MPa.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the inner surface of the spiral groove of the spiral concentrator is 4:0.8-1.

2.

9. Use of the method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting fume as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 in separating lead.

10. Use of the method for separating copper and lead from copper smelting fumes as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 in separating copper.

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