Top coal omnibearing disturbance method for high-strength fully mechanized caving face

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength fully mechanized caving face top coal omni-directional disturbance method, which specifically comprises the following steps: measuring physical and mechanical parameters of working face top coal and dirt band coal rock, and carrying out spherical arch classification pre-judgment according to a result; different types of spherical arch disturbance programs are set in the hydraulic support intelligent control system; observation is carried out in a coal caving area of the working face, and a three-dimensional laser scanner is used for obtaining the distribution form of coal gangue blocks behind a hydraulic support and the locating positions of arch angles; and selecting a reasonable disturbance program according to the real spherical arch information to carry out disturbance operation until the coal is smooth. According to the scheme, the method is suitable for the technical condition of difficult caving of fully mechanized caving mining composite top coal bodies, the disturbance intensity of the top coal bodies is improved, the visualization degree behind the hydraulic supports is improved, the top coal structural body damage effect is enhanced, and the working face coal caving efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine underground mining, and in particular to a method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized caving working face. Background Art

[0002] The reserves of extra-thick coal seams in my country account for 30%. Extra-thick coal seams are mostly mined using intelligent high-intensity fully-mechanized caving. High-intensity fully-mechanized caving can produce a large thickness at one time. The top coal is generally a composite top coal body with multiple layers of thick interlayered gangue and coal body. During the coal discharge process, the strong interlayered gangue layer is broken into large pieces, which can easily form a spherical arch above and behind the hydraulic support to block the coal discharge port of the support, resulting in a low top coal recovery rate. The actual recovery rate of top coal in extra-thick coal seams is generally less than 80%. The high-intensity fully-mechanized caving working face can effectively improve the top coal recovery rate through all-round disturbance of the top coal, avoid waste of coal resources, and realize intelligent, high-intensity and high-recovery mining of extra-thick coal seams, which is of great significance to ensuring the modernization of my country's coal industry and national energy security.

[0003] The composite top coal body is mainly destroyed in its integrity and improved in recovery rate through hydraulic fracturing and blasting. The hydraulic fracturing cracks have a large extension range but low density, and the coal body crushing effect is poor. The blasting technology has a good effect on coal body crushing, but the blasting crushing radius is less than 1m, and dense hole blasting is required to achieve the purpose of large-scale crushing of the top coal. Moreover, only small-scale construction can be carried out on both sides of the working face, which makes it difficult to cover the entire working face, resulting in a weakened top coal weakening effect.

[0004] Therefore, a method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for all-round disturbance of the top coal in a high-intensity fully-mechanized caving working face. Through the large-scale actions of various mechanisms of a powerful hydraulic support, direct disturbance of the top coal in the entire working face can be achieved. It is an effective method for weakening the top coal body, and solves the problems of traditional hydraulic fracturing and blasting methods, such as large engineering workload, high construction difficulty, treatment range limited to the two ends of the working face, low single-hole top coal crushing efficiency, poor safety, and poor top coal weakening effect.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, comprising a hydraulic support and an intelligent control system for the hydraulic support, wherein the hydraulic support is connected to the intelligent control system for the hydraulic support, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0007] The physical and mechanical parameters of coal rock are measured for the top coal and interlayer gangue of the working face, and the spherical arch classification is pre-determined based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock;

[0008] According to the pre-determination of spherical arch classification, arch disturbance programs of different types of spherical surfaces are set in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support;

[0009] Observe in the coal discharge area of ​​the working face, obtain real spherical arch information through a three-dimensional laser scanner, and select a corresponding disturbance program in the hydraulic support intelligent control system to perform disturbance until the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is smooth;

[0010] When the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is blocked, the real spherical arch information is observed again by the three-dimensional laser scanner, and the corresponding disturbance program is selected in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support to perform disturbance until the required coal mining volume is completed.

[0011] The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized caving working face, preferably, the hydraulic support includes a hydraulic cylinder, a tail beam, a plug plate, a balancing cylinder, a shield beam, a front column and a rear column, a top beam, a video system, a coal flow, a coal discharge port and a scraper conveyor, the front column and the rear column are connected to the top beam, and the front column and the rear column are of different lengths, the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the front column and the rear column, the top beam is provided with the video system, the top beam is connected to the shield beam through the balancing cylinder, the shield beam, the tail beam and the plug plate are connected in sequence, the shield beam and the tail beam are hinged to the support rod at their lower parts, the plug plate can be telescopically arranged on the tail beam, the hydraulic cylinder is also arranged on the tail beam, the coal discharge port is arranged at the plug plate, the scraper conveyor is arranged below the coal discharge port, and top coal is above the top beam.

[0012] In the method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, preferably, the spherical arch classification includes any one or more of the following three types of arches:

[0013] Type I arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and tail beam;

[0014] Type II arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the cover beam;

[0015] For Class III arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and top beam.

[0016] In the method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, preferably, the arch disturbance programs of different types of spherical surfaces include any one or more of the following three types of arch disturbance programs:

[0017] The type I arch disturbance procedure is to repeatedly swing the tail beam and retract the plug simultaneously;

[0018] The procedure for type II arch disturbance is to repeatedly retract and extend the balance cylinder, swing the tail beam, and retract and extend the plug plate at the same time;

[0019] The procedure for Class III arch disturbance is to repeatedly raise and lower the front and rear columns and retract and extend the balancing cylinder simultaneously.

[0020] In the method for all-round disturbance of the top coal of a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, preferably, the physical and mechanical parameters of the top coal and interlayer coal rock of the working face include density, porosity, compressive strength and internal friction angle of the top coal and interlayer coal rock.

[0021] In the method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, preferably, the real spherical arch information includes the distribution form of coal gangue blocks behind the hydraulic support and the location of the arch angle.

[0022] In the method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, preferably, the step of "again observing the real spherical arch information through a three-dimensional laser scanner" specifically comprises the following steps:

[0023] Scanning the original spherical arch with a three-dimensional laser scanner shows that the arch is still intact, that is, the type of the arch is unchanged, and the same disturbance procedure is continued until the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is unobstructed;

[0024] Through scanning with a three-dimensional laser scanner, it was found that the type of the spherical arch had changed. According to the real spherical arch information scanned by the three-dimensional laser scanner, the corresponding disturbance program was reselected in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support for disturbance until the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support was smooth.

[0025] The high-intensity fully-mechanized top coal disturbance method of the described high-intensity fully-mechanized top coal caving working face, preferably, the hydraulic support intelligent control system includes an inclination sensor, a displacement sensor and a controller, the inclination sensor is respectively arranged on the shield beam and the top beam, the displacement sensor is respectively arranged on the tail beam and the plug plate, and the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected to the controller, and the controller is also connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the balancing cylinder, so that the controller can adjust the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder to achieve the completion of the arch disturbance program intensity.

[0026] The beneficial effects are:

[0027] 1. The solution of the present invention is suitable for high-intensity fully-mechanized top coal caving with difficult caving technical conditions, which can improve the disturbance intensity of the top coal body, improve the visualization behind the hydraulic support, enhance the destruction effect of the top coal structure, and improve the coal caving efficiency of the working face.

[0028] 2. The present invention adopts a disturbance and destruction scheme for the top coal structure in the entire coal caving area based on the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support, which can replace manual automatic operation according to the preset program, improve the safety of spherical arch processing, ensure the accuracy of the processing position, and reduce the blindness of the top coal disturbance scheme.

[0029] In order to solve the problems of large engineering workload, great construction difficulty, limited processing range at both ends of the working face, low efficiency of single-hole top coal crushing, poor safety, and poor top coal weakening effect in the traditional hydraulic fracturing and blasting technology used in the fully mechanized caving working face in coal mines, improve the top coal recovery rate of the fully mechanized caving working face, and meet the needs of intelligent and information-based scientific and technological innovation in coal mines. The present invention discloses a method for all-round disturbance of the top coal of a high-intensity fully mechanized caving working face, which measures the physical and mechanical parameters of coal and rock on the top coal and interlayered gangue of the working face, pre-determines the classification of spherical arches, sets different types of spherical arch disturbance programs in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support, and then obtains the distribution form of the gangue block behind the hydraulic support and the location of the arch angle through a three-dimensional laser scanner. Finally, a reasonable disturbance program is selected according to the real spherical arch information to perform disturbance operations. By adopting the disturbance and destruction plan of the top coal structure in the entire coal caving area based on the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support, it can replace manual automatic operation according to the preset program, improve the safety of spherical arch processing, ensure the accuracy of the processing position, reduce the blindness of the top coal disturbance plan, increase the disturbance intensity of the top coal body, improve the visualization of the rear of the hydraulic support, enhance the destruction effect of the top coal structure, and improve the coal caving efficiency of the working face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the all-round disturbance method of the top coal in the high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the classification of the spherical arch of the hydraulic support on the working surface of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic support for a fully mechanized caving working face in a coal mine in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Hydraulic support; 2. Controller; 3. Scraper conveyor; 4. Hydraulic cylinder;

[0035] 5. Tail beam; 6. Insert plate; 7. Balance cylinder; 8. Protective beam; 9. Front column;

[0036] 10. Rear pillar; 11. Top beam; 12. Video system; 13. Coal flow; 14. Coal discharge port;

[0037] 15. Support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the term "on" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention provides a method for all-round disturbance of the top coal of a high-intensity fully-mechanized top coal caving working face, comprising a hydraulic support and a hydraulic support intelligent control system, wherein the hydraulic support is connected to the hydraulic support intelligent control system, and specifically comprises the following steps: measuring the physical and mechanical parameters of coal and rock on the top coal and interlayer of the working face, and pre-determining the spherical arch classification according to the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock. According to the pre-determination of the spherical arch classification, arch disturbance programs of different types of spheres are set in the hydraulic support intelligent control system. Observation is performed in the coal caving area of ​​the working face, and real spherical arch information is obtained through a three-dimensional laser scanner. A corresponding disturbance program is selected in the hydraulic support intelligent control system for disturbance until the coal flow at the coal caving port of the hydraulic support is unobstructed. When the coal flow at the coal caving port of the hydraulic support is not unobstructed, the real spherical arch information is observed again through a three-dimensional laser scanner, and a corresponding disturbance program is selected in the hydraulic support intelligent control system for disturbance until the required coal mining volume is completed. The scheme of the present invention is applicable to the technical conditions of difficult caving of composite top coal bodies in fully-mechanized top coal caving, and improves the disturbance intensity of the top coal body, improves the visualization degree of the rear of the hydraulic support, enhances the destruction effect of the top coal structure, and improves the coal caving efficiency of the working face.

[0042] Below, a method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized caving working face provided by an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face comprises a hydraulic support 1 and a hydraulic support intelligent control system, wherein the hydraulic support 1 is connected to the hydraulic support intelligent control system, wherein the hydraulic support 1 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 4, a tail beam 5, a plug plate 6, a balancing cylinder 7, a shield beam 8, a front column 9 and a rear column 10, a top beam 11, a video system 12, a coal flow 13, a coal discharge port 14 and a scraper conveyor 3, the front column 9 and the rear column 10 are connected to the top beam 11, and the front column 9 The length of the rear column 10 is different. The hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to the front column 9 and the rear column 10. A video system 12 is also provided on the top beam 11. The top beam 11 is connected to the shielding beam 8 through a balancing cylinder 7. The shielding beam 8, the tail beam 5 and the insert plate 6 are connected in sequence. The shielding beam 8 and the tail beam 5 are hinged to the support rod 15 at the bottom, and the insert plate 6 can be telescopically arranged on the tail beam 5. A hydraulic cylinder is also provided on the tail beam 5. A coal discharge port 14 is provided at the insert plate 6, and a scraper conveyor 3 is provided below the coal discharge port 14.

[0044] Among them, there is top coal above the top beam 11. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1: The physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock are measured for the top coal and the interlayer gangue of the working face, and the spherical arch classification is pre-determined based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock. The spherical arch classification includes any one or several of the following three types of arches:

[0046] Type I arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and tail beam 5;

[0047] Type II arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the cover beam 8;

[0048] Class III arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and top beam 11.

[0049] The physical and mechanical parameters of the top coal and interlayer coal rock of the working face include the density, porosity, compressive strength and internal friction angle of the top coal and interlayer coal rock. The density is used to calculate the deadweight of the spherical arch, the porosity is used to evaluate the degree of development of cracks in the coal rock block, the compressive strength is used to evaluate the overall strength of the spherical arch, and the internal friction angle is used to calculate the articulation strength of the coal rock block.

[0050] S2: According to the pre-determination of the spherical arch classification, arch disturbance programs of different types of spherical surfaces are set in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support.

[0051] The arch perturbation programs of different types of spheres include any one or more of the following three types of arch perturbation programs:

[0052] The type I arch disturbance procedure is to repeatedly swing the tail beam 5 and retract and extend the plug plate 6 at the same time.

[0053] The inserting plate 6 is telescopically arranged on the tail beam 5 , and an oil cylinder is arranged on the tail beam 5 .

[0054] The procedure for type II arch disturbance is to repeatedly retract and extend the balancing cylinder 7, swing the tail beam 5, and retract and extend the plug plate 6 at the same time.

[0055] The angle of the shield beam 8 can be adjusted by retracting and extending the balancing cylinder 7 .

[0056] The class III arch disturbance procedure is to repeatedly raise and lower the front column 9 and / or the rear column 10 and retract and extend the balancing cylinder 7 at the same time.

[0057] Among them, the front column 9 and the rear column 10 are of different lengths, and the angle of the top beam 11 can be adjusted by lifting the front column 9 and / or the rear column 10. S3: Observe in the coal discharge area of ​​the working face, obtain real spherical arch information through a three-dimensional laser scanner, and select a corresponding disturbance program in the hydraulic support intelligent control system to perform disturbance until the coal flow 13 at the coal discharge port 14 of the hydraulic support is unobstructed.

[0058] The real spherical arch information includes the distribution form of coal gangue blocks behind the hydraulic support and the location of the arch angle.

[0059] S4: When the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is blocked, the real spherical arch information is observed again by the three-dimensional laser scanner, and a corresponding disturbance program is selected in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support to perform disturbance until the required coal mining volume is completed.

[0060] The real spherical arch information includes the distribution form of coal gangue blocks behind the hydraulic support and the location of the arch angle.

[0061] During the disturbance in step S3, it is necessary to judge the damage of the spherical arch based on whether the coal flow at the coal discharge port 14 is unobstructed. When the coal flow at the coal discharge port 14 is not unobstructed, it may be because the spherical arch has not been destroyed in the step S3, or it may be because the type of the spherical arch has changed due to the disturbance in step S3.

[0062] The step S4 also includes step S41 and step S42:

[0063] Step S41: In step S4, it is found through scanning with a three-dimensional laser scanner that the spherical arch in step S3 is still intact, so the disturbance procedure in step S3 is continued to be used until the coal flow is smooth and the scraper conveyor 3 is transported out of the working face.

[0064] Step S42: In step S4, it is found through the three-dimensional laser scanner that the type of the spherical arch has changed. Then, according to the real spherical arch information scanned by the three-dimensional laser scanner, the corresponding disturbance program is reselected in the hydraulic support intelligent control system for disturbance until the coal flow 13 at the coal discharge port 14 of the hydraulic support is unobstructed and the scraper conveyor 3 transports the coal out of the working face.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support includes an inclination sensor, a displacement sensor and a controller 2, wherein the inclination sensor is respectively arranged on the shield beam 8 and the top beam 11, and the displacement sensor is respectively arranged on the tail beam 5 and the plug plate 6, and the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected to the controller 2, and the controller 2 is also connected to the hydraulic cylinder 4, so that the controller 2 can adjust the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 4 to achieve the completion of the arch disturbance program intensity.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] The high-intensity fully mechanized caving mining conditions in this embodiment are:

[0068] 1. Monthly output reaches 600,000 tons; 2. Top coal thickness m≥12m; 3. Coal body hardness f≥1.5m. At least two of the above conditions must be met at the same time.

[0069] The hydraulic support 1 includes two types: four-column support shield type and two-column shield type. The initial support force of the support is ≥8000kN, the rated working resistance of the hydraulic support 1 is ≥10000kN, the maximum support height of the hydraulic support 1 is ≥3.8m, and the hydraulic support 1 is equipped with a hydraulic support intelligent control system.

[0070] Step S1: Calculate the physical and mechanical parameters of the top coal and interlayered gangue of the working face, and make a preliminary judgment on the spherical arch classification based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal and rock.

[0071] The physical and mechanical determination of coal and rock must first be carried out in the high-intensity fully mechanized caving working face. The coring work is completed by a hydraulic tunnel drill in the coal mine with a coring drill rod. The drill must be capable of performing drilling operations ≥45°, and the inner diameter of the coring drill rod should be ≥60mm. After the underground coring is completed, the coal core and rock core need to be sealed with plastic wrap and the coring position marked, and then properly packed and transported to the laboratory for sample processing. The sample is a cylinder with a diameter of ≥50mm and a height of ≥100mm. A triaxial rock testing machine is used to test the physical and mechanical parameters of the sample.

[0072] The spherical arch classification is pre-determined based on the size distribution of coal and rock broken blocks and the calculation results of spherical arch strength. The specific pre-determination method is: statistically analyzing the size distribution of coal gangue broken blocks, estimating the possible spatial size of the spherical arch, evaluating the overall strength of spherical arches of different spatial sizes based on the results of coal and rock physical and mechanical parameters, and classifying the spherical arches based on the evaluation results.

[0073] According to the position of the arch foot of the spherical arch, the spherical arch can be divided into three categories: Class I arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the tail beam 5; Class II arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the cover beam 8; Class III arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the top beam 11. The stability of the arch structure is ranked according to the difficulty of its instability: Class I arch < Class II arch < Class III arch.

[0074] Step S2: According to the pre-determination of the spherical arch classification, arch disturbance programs of different types of spheres are set in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support.

[0075] Step S3: Observe in the coal discharge area of ​​the working face, obtain real spherical arch information through a three-dimensional laser scanner, and select a corresponding disturbance program in the hydraulic support intelligent control system to perform disturbance until the coal flow 13 at the coal discharge port 14 of the hydraulic support is unobstructed.

[0076] Observations are carried out in the coal discharge area of ​​the working face, and the distribution pattern of the coal gangue blocks and the location of the arch angle behind the hydraulic support 1 are obtained through a three-dimensional laser scanner; the three-dimensional laser scanner can realize the spatial characterization of the structure, and the working face video system 12 is used to conduct patrol observations in the coal discharge area of ​​the working face in the order of the starting point → the end point → the starting point. The specific position selected is the hydraulic support 1 where the coal flow 13 blocks the coal discharge port 14. After the scanner is turned on and running, the equipment is pushed to the support coal discharge port 14, and the equipment is operated to start scanning. After the scanning is completed, the equipment is retracted, the three-dimensional scanning results are viewed, the distribution pattern of the coal gangue blocks behind the hydraulic support 1 is analyzed, the location of the arch foot is determined, and the type of the spherical arch behind the support is determined.

[0077] Select a reasonable disturbance program to perform disturbance operation according to the real spherical arch information; determine the type of spherical arch according to the spherical arch shape and arch foot location obtained from the three-dimensional laser scanning results, and select the corresponding disturbance program in the hydraulic support intelligent control system to perform disturbance operation;

[0078] When the judgment result is Class I arch, that is, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the tail beam 5, the "Class I arch disturbance program" is selected; when the judgment result is Class II arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the cover beam 8, the "Class II arch disturbance program" is selected; when the judgment result is Class III arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the top beam 11, the "Class III arch disturbance program" is selected.

[0079] S4: When the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is blocked, the real spherical arch information is observed again by the three-dimensional laser scanner, and a corresponding disturbance program is selected in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support to perform disturbance until the required coal mining volume is completed.

[0080] During the disturbance in step S3, it is necessary to judge the damage of the spherical arch based on whether the coal flow at the coal discharge port 14 is unobstructed. When the coal flow at the coal discharge port 14 is not unobstructed, it may be because the spherical arch has not been destroyed in the step S3, or it may be because the type of the spherical arch has changed due to the disturbance in step S3.

[0081] The step S4 also includes step S41 and step S42:

[0082] Step S41: In step S4, it is found through scanning with a three-dimensional laser scanner that the spherical arch in step S3 is still intact, so the disturbance procedure in step S3 is continued to be used until the coal flow is smooth and the scraper conveyor 3 is transported out of the working face.

[0083] Step S42: In step S4, it is found through the three-dimensional laser scanner that the type of the spherical arch has changed. Then, according to the real spherical arch information scanned by the three-dimensional laser scanner, the corresponding disturbance program is reselected in the hydraulic support intelligent control system for disturbance until the coal flow 13 at the coal discharge port 14 of the hydraulic support is unobstructed and the scraper conveyor 3 transports the coal out of the working face.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face, characterized in that: The method comprises a hydraulic support and an intelligent control system for the hydraulic support, wherein the hydraulic support is connected to the intelligent control system for the hydraulic support, and specifically comprises the following steps: The physical and mechanical parameters of coal rock are measured for the top coal and interlayer gangue of the working face, and the spherical arch classification is pre-determined based on the physical and mechanical parameters of the coal rock; According to the pre-determination of spherical arch classification, arch disturbance programs of different types of spherical surfaces are set in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support; Observe in the coal discharge area of ​​the working face, obtain real spherical arch information through a three-dimensional laser scanner, and select a corresponding disturbance program in the hydraulic support intelligent control system to perform disturbance until the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is smooth; When the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is blocked, the real spherical arch information is observed again by a three-dimensional laser scanner, and a corresponding disturbance program is selected in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support to perform disturbance until the required coal mining volume is completed.

2. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic support includes a hydraulic cylinder, a tail beam, a plug plate, a shield beam, a front column and a rear column, a top beam, a video system, a coal flow, a coal discharge port and a scraper conveyor. The front column and the rear column are connected to the top beam, and the front column and the rear column are of different lengths. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the front column and the rear column. The video system is provided on the top beam. The top beam is connected to the shield beam through the balancing cylinder. The shield beam, the tail beam and the plug plate are connected in sequence. The shield beam and the tail beam are hinged to the support rod at their lower parts. The plug plate can be telescopically arranged on the tail beam. The hydraulic cylinder is also arranged on the tail beam. The coal discharge port is provided at the plug plate. The scraper conveyor is provided below the coal discharge port. There is top coal above the top beam.

3. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The spherical arch classification includes any one or more of the following three types of arches: Type I arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and tail beam; Type II arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and the cover beam; For Class III arch, the arch foot is located in the goaf and top beam.

4. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The arch perturbation programs of different types of spheres include any one or more of the following three types of arch perturbation programs: The type I arch disturbance procedure is to repeatedly swing the tail beam and retract the plug simultaneously; The procedure for type II arch disturbance is to repeatedly retract and extend the balancing cylinder, swing the tail beam, and retract and extend the plug plate at the same time; The procedure for Class III arch disturbance is to repeatedly raise and lower the front and rear columns and retract and extend the balancing cylinder simultaneously.

5. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The physical and mechanical parameters of the top coal and interlayer coal rock at the working face include density, porosity, compressive strength and internal friction angle of the top coal and interlayer coal rock.

6. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The real spherical arch information includes the distribution form of coal gangue blocks behind the hydraulic support and the location of the arch angle.

7. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of "again observing the real spherical arch information through a three-dimensional laser scanner" specifically includes the following steps: Scanning the original spherical arch with a three-dimensional laser scanner shows that the arch is still intact, that is, the type of the arch is unchanged, and the same disturbance procedure is continued until the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support is unobstructed; Through scanning with a three-dimensional laser scanner, it was found that the type of the spherical arch had changed. According to the real spherical arch information scanned by the three-dimensional laser scanner, the corresponding disturbance program was reselected in the intelligent control system of the hydraulic support for disturbance until the coal flow at the coal discharge port of the hydraulic support was smooth.

8. The method for all-round disturbance of top coal in a high-intensity fully mechanized top coal caving working face according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The intelligent control system of the hydraulic support includes an inclination sensor, a displacement sensor and a controller. The inclination sensor is respectively arranged on the shield beam and the top beam, and the displacement sensor is respectively arranged on the tail beam and the plug plate. The inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is also connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the balancing cylinder so that the controller can adjust the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder to achieve the completion of the arch disturbance program intensity.

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