Laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic fluidized coal mining device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic fluidized coal mining device and method, and the device comprises a gas extraction system which is used for extracting gas in the coal mining process; the laser perforation system is used for perforating the coal seam through a laser; the high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used for fracturing the to-be-fractured coal body between two adjacent perforations through high-voltage electric pulses to obtain a crushed coal body and a to-be-crushed coal body; the water jet coal breaking system is used for performing hydraulic cutting on the to-be-broken coal body to obtain a coal-rock mixture; the fluidization coal mining system is used for conveying the coal and rock mixture into the ground sedimentation tank to complete coal mining; and the backfilling system is used for backfilling the goaf with the gangue mixed mortar separated in the sedimentation tank. The coal mining technology under the synergistic effect of laser, electric pulse and water jet is adopted, accurate drilling and efficient crushing of a coal seam can be achieved, waste of water resources is reduced, and the coal mining efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fluidized coal mining, and in particular relates to a fluidized coal mining device and method with the synergistic effect of laser, electric pulse and water jet. Background Art

[0002] As global energy demand continues to grow, the mining of deep solid mineral resources has become increasingly critical. Traditional mining methods have problems such as low efficiency, high transportation costs, serious environmental damage, and difficulty in ensuring worker safety. Especially in deep resource mining, the complexity of geological conditions, huge rock pressure, and insufficient coal seam permeability further increase the difficulty of mining.

[0003] In this context, laser technology, electric pulse technology and high-pressure water jet technology, as emerging technologies, have shown great potential in the field of coal mining. Laser technology, with its advantages of high precision, high efficiency and pollution-free, plays an important role in coal seam perforation and cutting. Electric pulse technology, especially electric pulse controllable shock wave technology, effectively enhances the permeability of coal seams and improves coal mining efficiency by generating shock waves through high-voltage discharge in water or electric explosion of metal wires. High-pressure water jet technology, with its powerful cutting, cleaning and transportation capabilities, has excellent performance in rock fracture, coal seam cleaning, coal gangue treatment and prevention of gas explosions.

[0004] Although the above technologies have made certain progress in coal mining, they still face limitations when used alone and cannot fully meet the complex needs of deep mining. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a fluidized coal mining device with synergistic effects of laser, electric pulse and water jet and a method of using the device, and develops a deep coal mining technology that can integrate laser, electric pulse and high-pressure water jet technology to achieve efficient, safe and environmentally friendly. It has important innovative significance and application value for improving mining efficiency, reducing costs, reducing environmental impact and ensuring worker safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fluidized coal mining device with the synergistic effect of laser-electric pulse-water jet, comprising:

[0007] Gas extraction system, used to extract gas during coal mining;

[0008] Laser perforation system, used to perforate coal seams using lasers;

[0009] A high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations by means of high-voltage electric pulses to obtain a broken coal body and a coal body to be broken;

[0010] A water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture;

[0011] Fluidized coal mining system, used to transport the coal-rock mixture to the surface sedimentation tank to complete coal mining;

[0012] The backfill system is used to backfill the mined-out area with the gangue mixed with mortar separated in the sedimentation tank.

[0013] Preferably, the gas extraction system comprises: a gas extraction hole, a gas storage tank, and a plugging unit;

[0014] Wherein, the gas extraction hole is tightly connected to the gas storage tank, and the plugging unit is used to plug the gas extraction hole.

[0015] Preferably, the laser perforating system comprises: a laser, an optical fiber, and a laser head;

[0016] Wherein, the laser head is connected to the laser through the optical fiber.

[0017] Preferably, the high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system comprises: a high-voltage electric pulse discharge device, a high-voltage cable, a needle-type high-voltage electrode, and a needle-type low-voltage electrode;

[0018] Among them, one end of the high-voltage cable is tightly connected to the needle-type high-voltage electrode and the needle-type low-voltage electrode respectively, and the other end is tightly connected to the output port of the high-voltage electric pulse discharge device.

[0019] Preferably, the water jet coal breaking system comprises: a water storage tank, a high-pressure water pump, a high-pressure water pipe, a multi-directional rotary joint, and a high-pressure ejector;

[0020] The input end of the high-pressure water pipe is tightly connected to the water storage tank through a high-pressure water pump, and the output end of the high-pressure water pipe is tightly connected to the high-pressure ejector through a multi-directional rotary joint.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a fluidized coal mining device with a synergistic effect of laser-electric pulse-water jet, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Obtain the basic parameters of coal rock samples, and formulate a fluidized mining plan based on the coal seam parameters to be mined;

[0023] According to the fluidized mining scheme, a lifting shaft is constructed and gas extraction is carried out at the wellhead;

[0024] According to the vertical spacing of laser perforation, laser heads are installed at different horizontal positions of the optical fiber, and the coal seam is perforated by laser;

[0025] Fracturing the coal body to be fractured between two vertically adjacent perforations until the coal body collapses as a whole;

[0026] The crushed coal-rock mixture is fluidized and transported to a ground sedimentation tank by a slurry suction pump, and the coal-rock mixture is separated in the sedimentation tank to obtain a coal and gangue mixed mortar;

[0027] The gangue mixed mortar is used to backfill the goaf through the gangue conveying pipe.

[0028] In a third aspect, the present invention further discloses a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the method described in the second aspect when executed by a processor.

[0030] In a fifth aspect, the present invention further discloses a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the steps of the method described in the second aspect when executed by a processor.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a fluidized coal mining device with the synergistic effect of laser-electric pulse-water jet, comprising: a gas extraction system, which is used to extract gas during the coal mining process; a laser perforation system, which is used to perforate the coal seam through a laser; a high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system, which is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations through high-voltage electric pulses to obtain a broken coal body and a coal body to be broken; a water jet coal breaking system, which is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture; a fluidized coal mining system, which is used to transport the coal-rock mixture to a ground sedimentation tank to complete coal mining; and a backfilling system, which is used to backfill the goaf with the gangue mixed mortar separated in the sedimentation tank.

[0033] The present invention uses the characteristics of laser such as high energy, low attenuation, and precise direction to achieve laser positioning perforation in a distant coal seam, so that the coal body can be broken by subsequent high-voltage electric pulses. The present invention uses high-voltage electric pulses to break the coal seam without polluting or damaging the coal seam. In the process of electric pulse cracking the coal body, the energy is mainly concentrated on the shock wave. The coal body is cracked by the shock wave. Due to the fast propagation speed and short action time of the shock wave, a large amount of energy can be transferred to the coal body in a short time, thereby achieving an efficient cracking effect. At the same time, the electric pulse device can repeatedly discharge two adjacent perforations in the horizontal direction. As the number of shock wave operations increases, the degree of coal body crushing increases. Electric pulse fracturing can accurately control the energy input and action time, thereby improving coal crushing efficiency.

[0034] Compared with traditional water jet coal mining technology, the coal mining technology of the present invention adopts the synergistic effect of laser, electric pulse and water jet to achieve precise drilling and efficient crushing of coal seams. At the same time, various parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to coal mining needs during the coal mining process, which not only greatly reduces the waste of water resources, but also saves a lot of workload for subsequent hydraulic coal mining, and significantly improves coal mining efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of laser perforation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of electric pulse fission according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of fluidized coal mining according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of water jet coal breaking according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of backfilling a goaf area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A top view of the laser perforation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Among them, 1. Coal seam; 2. Lifting shaft; 3. Gas extraction hole; 4. Gas storage tank; 5. Plugging unit; 6. Laser; 7. Optical fiber; 8. Laser head; 9. Laser perforation; 10. High-voltage electric pulse discharge device; 11. High-voltage cable; 12. Needle-type high-voltage electrode; 13. Needle-type low-voltage electrode; 14. Fluidized conveying pipe; 15. Slurry suction pump; 16. Crushing and stirring device; 17. Coal-rock mixture; 18. Water storage tank; 19. High-pressure water pump; 20. High-pressure water pipe; 21. Multi-directional rotary joint; 22. High-pressure ejector; 23. Gangue conveying pipe; 24. Goaf; 25. Gangue filling area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a fluidized coal mining device with the synergistic effect of laser, electric pulse and water jet, including:

[0047] Gas extraction system, used to extract gas during coal mining;

[0048] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the gas extraction system includes: a gas extraction hole 3, a gas storage tank 4, and a plugging unit 5; the gas extraction hole 3 is tightly connected to the gas storage tank 4, and the plugging unit 5 is used to plug the gas extraction hole 3.

[0049] A laser perforating system, used for perforating the coal seam 1 by means of a laser;

[0050] As an additional implementation, the laser perforation system includes: a laser 6, an optical fiber 7, and a laser head 8; the laser head 8 is connected to the laser 6 via the optical fiber 7. Figure 6 shown.

[0051] A high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations by means of high-voltage electric pulses to obtain a broken coal body and a coal body to be broken;

[0052] As an additional implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system includes: a high-voltage electric pulse discharge device 10, a high-voltage cable 11, a needle-type high-voltage electrode 12, and a needle-type low-voltage electrode 13; wherein one end of the high-voltage cable 11 is tightly connected to the needle-type high-voltage electrode 12 and the needle-type low-voltage electrode 13, respectively, and the other end is tightly connected to the output port of the high-voltage electric pulse discharge device.

[0053] A water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture;

[0054] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the water jet coal breaking system includes: a water storage tank 18, a high-pressure water pump 19, a high-pressure water pipe 20, a multi-directional rotary joint 21, and a high-pressure ejector 22; wherein, the input end of the high-pressure water pipe 20 is tightly connected to the water storage tank 18 through the high-pressure water pump 19, and the output end of the high-pressure water pipe 20 is tightly connected to the high-pressure ejector 22 through the multi-directional rotary joint 21.

[0055] Fluidized coal mining system, used to transport the coal-rock mixture to the surface sedimentation tank to complete coal mining;

[0056] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the fluidized coal mining system includes: a fluidized conveying pipe 14, a slurry suction pump 15, and a crushing and stirring device 16; the end of the fluidized conveying pipe 14 is equipped with a slurry suction pump 15 and a crushing and stirring device 16.

[0057] The backfill system is used to backfill the mined-out area with the gangue mixed with mortar separated in the sedimentation tank.

[0058] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the backfill system includes: a gangue conveying pipe 23, a goaf 24, and a gangue filling area 25; wherein the goaf 24 is backfilled by backfilling the gangue mixed mortar filling material separated in the sedimentation tank through the gangue conveying pipe 23 to the gangue filling area 25;

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for using a fluidized coal mining device with a laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic effect, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. Obtain the basic parameters of the coal rock sample, and formulate a fluidized mining plan based on the coal seam parameters to be mined;

[0062] Specifically, fluidized mining plan is formulated: coal and rock samples are taken on site to measure parameters such as strength, hardness, water content, gas pressure and content, and similar physical simulation tests such as laser crushing, electric pulse fracturing, and water jet coal crushing are carried out on indoor coal and rock samples. Combined with the area, burial depth, thickness, inclination and other coal seam parameters to be mined on site, an on-site fluidized mining plan is formulated, such as: mining block size and sequence, laser intensity, laser perforation depth, laser perforation horizontal angle, laser perforation vertical spacing, electric pulse discharge voltage, water jet water pressure, etc.

[0063] S2. According to the fluidized mining scheme, construct a lifting shaft and perform gas extraction at the wellhead;

[0064] Specifically, a lifting shaft is constructed: a lifting shaft 2 is drilled from the ground center of the first coal mining block to the coal seam, and the bottom of the lifting shaft is 5 to 10 meters away from the bottom plate of the coal seam; a gas extraction hole 3 is constructed at the wellhead of the lifting shaft 2, a gas storage tank 4 is connected, and equipment required for subsequent work is placed around the wellhead.

[0065] S3, installing laser heads at different horizontal positions of the optical fiber according to the vertical spacing of laser perforation, and perforating the coal seam by laser;

[0066] Specifically, laser positioning perforation: laser heads 8 are installed at different horizontal positions of the optical fiber 7 according to the vertical spacing of the laser perforations 9, and four laser heads 8 are installed at the same horizontal position with an angle of 90 degrees. The laser 6 is started to perforate the coal seam until the depth of the laser perforations 9 is reached.

[0067] S4, fracturing the coal body to be fractured between two vertically adjacent perforations until the coal body collapses as a whole;

[0068] Specifically, high-voltage electric pulses are used to fracture the coal body: at the bottom of the mining block, the coal body to be fractured between two vertically adjacent perforations is fractured respectively, and the fracturing is cyclically repeated until the coal body collapses as a whole. This step is repeated to fracture the other three coal bodies to be fractured at the same level, and then fractured upward in sequence until the top of the coal seam.

[0069] S5, using a slurry suction pump to fluidize and transport the crushed coal-rock mixture to a ground sedimentation tank, and separating the coal-rock mixture in the sedimentation tank to obtain a coal and gangue mixed mortar;

[0070] Specifically, fluidized coal mining: a slurry pump 15 equipped with a crushing and stirring device 16 is used to fluidize the coal-rock mixture 17 crushed in the mining area and transported to a ground sedimentation tank, where the coal, water and gangue in the coal-rock mixture 17 are separated. For the coal body around the mining block that has not been crushed by the high-voltage electric pulse, a water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut it. After the cutting is completed, the slurry pump 15 is used to transport the coal-rock mixture 17 to a ground sedimentation tank, thereby completing the mining of the block. During the entire coal body crushing and mining period, gas extraction is continuously carried out.

[0071] S6. Backfilling the goaf with the gangue mixed mortar through the gangue conveying pipe.

[0072] Specifically, backfilling of goaf and conversion of waste and resources: the goaf 24 is backfilled with the gangue mixed mortar filling material separated in the sedimentation tank through the gangue conveying pipe 23, and the water separated in the sedimentation tank can also be recycled in the fluidized coal mining process.

[0073] After the coal mining block is backfilled, the next coal mining block will be mined until the mining of the target coal seam is completed.

[0074] The method for using a laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic fluidized coal mining device provided in this embodiment has all the advantages of a laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic fluidized coal mining device provided in the first embodiment.

[0075] Embodiment 3

[0076] This embodiment further discloses a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the first embodiment.

[0077] Embodiment 4

[0078] This embodiment further discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first embodiment are implemented.

[0079] Embodiment 5

[0080] This embodiment also discloses a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the steps of the method described in the first embodiment when executed by a processor.

[0081] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fluidized coal mining device with synergistic effects of laser, electric pulse and water jet, characterized in that: include: Gas extraction system, used to extract gas during coal mining; Laser perforation system, used to perforate coal seams using lasers; A high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations by means of high-voltage electric pulses to obtain a broken coal body and a coal body to be broken; A water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture; Fluidized coal mining system, used to transport the coal-rock mixture to the surface sedimentation tank to complete coal mining; The backfill system is used to backfill the mined-out area with the gangue mixed with mortar separated in the sedimentation tank.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas extraction system comprises: a gas extraction hole (3), a gas storage tank (4), and a plugging unit (5); The gas extraction hole (3) is tightly connected to the gas storage tank (4), and the plugging unit (5) is used to plug the gas extraction hole (3).

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The laser perforation system comprises: a laser (6), an optical fiber (7), and a laser head (8); Wherein, the laser head (8) is connected to the laser (6) via the optical fiber (7).

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system comprises: a high-voltage electric pulse discharge device (10), a high-voltage cable (11), a needle-type high-voltage electrode (12), and a needle-type low-voltage electrode (13); One end of the high-voltage cable (11) is sealedly connected to the needle-type high-voltage electrode (12) and the needle-type low-voltage electrode (13), respectively, and the other end is sealedly connected to the output port of the high-voltage electric pulse discharge device.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The water jet coal breaking system comprises: a water storage tank (18), a high-pressure water pump (19), a high-pressure water pipe (20), a multi-directional rotary joint (21), and a high-pressure ejector (22); The input end of the high-pressure water pipe (20) is tightly connected to the water storage tank (18) via a high-pressure water pump (19), and the output end of the high-pressure water pipe (20) is tightly connected to the high-pressure ejector (22) via a multi-directional rotary joint (21).

6. A fluidized coal mining method using the synergistic effect of laser, electric pulse and water jet, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the basic parameters of coal rock samples, and formulate a fluidized mining plan based on the coal seam parameters to be mined; According to the fluidized mining scheme, a lifting shaft is constructed and gas extraction is carried out at the wellhead; According to the vertical spacing of laser perforation, laser heads are installed at different horizontal positions of the optical fiber, and the coal seam is perforated by laser; Fracturing the coal body to be fractured between two vertically adjacent perforations until the coal body collapses as a whole; The crushed coal-rock mixture is fluidized and transported to a ground sedimentation tank by a slurry suction pump, and the coal-rock mixture is separated in the sedimentation tank to obtain a coal and gangue mixed mortar; The gangue mixed mortar is used to backfill the goaf through the gangue conveying pipe.

7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method of claim 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to claim 6 are implemented.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to claim 6 are implemented.

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