Double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod and construction technology thereof

Abstract

The anchor rod comprises a hollow rod body and an anchoring section rod body, a drawing ring, a limiting ring and a conical nut are arranged on the hollow rod body, a water supply channel and an anchoring agent are arranged in the anchoring section rod body, pistons are arranged at the two ends of the anchoring agent, and the two ends of the anchoring agent are communicated with the hollow rod body. Steel wire ropes are arranged in inner cavities of the hollow rod body and the anchoring section rod body to pull the piston to move forwards, and a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body. Compared with the prior art, the double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod has the beneficial effects that the hollow anchor rod is used for replacing a drill rod for drilling, pre-tightening is conducted through a conical nut, the anchoring section rod body integrates a water supply channel and a resin anchoring agent, a cutting drill bit is assembled at the tail end, an internal steel wire rope is pulled in the retreating process of a drilling machine, and the drilling rod is fixed through a bolt; the built-in resin anchoring agent is pushed out, and the drilling, injecting and anchoring integrated function is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel anchoring and supporting, and specifically relates to a double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod and a construction process thereof, which is helpful to realize mechanized construction in the field of anchoring and supporting. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of coal mining technology and equipment, the advancement speed and output of coal mining faces have increased significantly, and working equipment has been basically mechanized, moving towards automation and intelligence. In contrast, tunnel support technology and equipment are relatively backward, especially in the broken surrounding rock tunnels of coal mines in eastern my country, where the excavation and support speeds are slow and the problem of mining imbalance is becoming more and more prominent. In the entire tunneling time, the time spent on anchor support accounts for more than 60%, which is the main factor restricting the rapid excavation of tunnels. In order to improve the efficiency of anchor support, a series of automated construction equipment such as anchor support drilling rigs and integrated excavation and anchoring machines have been developed, as well as supporting built-in resin anchor bolts and ester-injected automated anchor bolts. The automated support function is realized by cooperating with equipment that meets working conditions and customized development. However, due to its structural characteristics, the relevant automated anchor bolts can only realize related functions on customized developed equipment, which limits its compatibility with other equipment construction and has low applicability. At present, there is a lack of an anchor bolt that can match traditional excavation equipment and has automated construction functions. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod and a construction process thereof.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod, including a hollow rod body and an anchoring section rod body, a pull ring, a limit ring and a cone nut are arranged on the hollow rod body, a water supply channel and an anchoring agent are arranged in the anchoring section rod body, pistons are arranged at both ends of the anchoring agent, steel wire ropes are arranged in the inner cavities of the hollow rod body and the anchoring section rod body for pulling the piston forward, and a drill bit is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body.

[0005] Furthermore, the water supply channel is an embedded plastic tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the limiting ring is fixed on the hollow rod body by welding, threading or gluing.

[0007] Furthermore, the drill bit is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body through an elastic cylindrical pin.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the pull ring, and the other end passes around the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit and passes through the piston at one end of the anchor and is connected to the piston at the other end of the anchor.

[0009] Furthermore, the external thread of the cone nut is a conical self-tapping thread, which is used to be screwed and engaged with the inner hole of the tray arranged on the hollow rod body.

[0010] Furthermore, the end surface of the pull ring is provided with a chamfer.

[0011] Furthermore, a stop shoulder is provided after the chamfering of the pull ring.

[0012] Furthermore, an anchoring agent discharge hole is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body.

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction process for a double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod, comprising the following steps:

[0014] 1) Drilling preparation: Place the anchor in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, put a tray in front of the hydraulic support plate, and then push the drilling rig to press against the coal wall. At this time, deliver the drilling cooling water. The water flows through the water supply channel in the hole of the rod body and is directly delivered to the drill bit position;

[0015] 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drill to rotate forward, the cone nut retreats and presses against the limit ring, and the cone nut drives the rod body to rotate and drill to cut coal and rock; when drilling to the rock wall, the external thread of the cone nut is screwed into the inner hole of the tray, and the drilling stops;

[0016] 3) Anchoring: After the cone nut is screwed together with the tray, operate the drill rig to move backward. At this time, the support plate presses the tray to prevent the rod from falling. The drilling conversion sleeve on the drill rig clamps the pull ring and pulls the wire rope to move. The wire rope changes direction through the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit and pulls the piston forward. The piston pushes the anchoring agent out through the discharge hole under the drill bit. When all the anchoring agent is pushed out, remove the pull ring and push the drill rig forward. Rotate the rod body forward to stir the anchoring agent.

[0017] 4) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the rod body has been anchored, the cone nut is screwed in along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0019] The present invention proposes a dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod, which uses a hollow anchor rod to replace a drill rod for drilling, and is pre-tightened by a cone nut. The anchor section rod body integrates a water supply channel and a resin anchor, and is equipped with a cutting drill bit at the end. The internal wire rope is pulled by the process of the drilling rig retreating to push out the built-in resin anchor, thereby realizing the integrated function of drilling, injection and anchoring. The anchor rod of the present invention comes with a drill bit and an anchor, so that the product has the basic conditions for mechanized construction. It is then matched with a traditional airborne anchor drill rig equipped with an automatic drilling conversion sleeve. After the anchor rod is manually placed in place, a hole can be drilled. After the drilling is completed, the equipment is immediately operated to push out the anchor and complete the anchoring. The whole process does not require manual intervention, does not require the use of a drill rod, and is not affected by hole collapse. The anchor rod of the present invention uses a dual-channel design, which completely distinguishes the drilling water supply channel from the anchor storage channel, can ensure stable drilling slag discharge water supply, and reduce the influence of water on the curing of the anchor. The segmented design of the anchor rod body also reduces the difficulty of production and manufacturing. The present invention uses a traction wire to provide the power to push out the anchor. Compared with anchoring methods such as high-pressure water pushing anchors and equipment pumping polyurethane, this solution has higher reliability, reduces the requirements for anchors, and saves anchoring costs. The present invention only uses the forward and reverse rotation functions of the airborne anchor drill to achieve automated drilling and pre-tightening of the anchor, and provides power through the retreat of the drill to push out the resin anchor. The anchor of the present invention can eliminate the steps of loading the anchor, disassembling the drill rod, and pushing the anchor in the traditional process, greatly optimizing the construction process of the anchor, so that traditional equipment can also have automated support construction capabilities. The specific advantages are as follows:

[0020] 1. The present invention adopts a dual-channel embedded resin anchoring agent method: by embedding a plastic tube, the anchoring agent and the drilling water flow channel are completely separated, and the anchor rod and the resin anchoring agent are integrated into one;

[0021] 2. The present invention adopts a limit-driven drilling and pre-tightening method: by using the forward and reverse rotation functions of the equipment, by fixing the limit device in the loosening direction of the nut (not limited to the welding described in this article, but also by thread screwing or gluing and other fixing methods), the nut is restricted from retreating to drive the rod body to rotate, reversely rotate to disengage the limit screwing and realize the nut pre-tightening function;

[0022] 3. The present invention adopts a method of using mechanical equipment to extrude the built-in resin anchoring agent and complete the anchoring: the steel wire is pulled by the drilling rig, and the piston is pulled after the fixed axis changes direction, thereby pushing the resin anchoring agent, which greatly reduces the requirements for construction equipment and anchoring agents, and can realize automatic anchoring;

[0023] 4. The present invention adopts a new conical nut structure: its external thread is a conical self-tapping thread, which can be screwed and engaged with the inner hole of the tray after drilling to the tray position and stably connected with it to bear the load during the pushing process of the anchoring agent, and prevent the rod body from being pulled out during the pulling process of the anchoring agent, causing the anchor rod to fall;

[0024] 5. The present invention adopts a pull-out ring structure: the end face of the pull-out ring is chamfered to guide the anchor rod to be inserted into the conversion sleeve, and a stop shoulder is set after the chamfer to limit the pull-out ring from being separated from the conversion sleeve. The inner hole of the pull-out ring is not provided with threads, so that it is easy to fall off quickly;

[0025] 6. The present invention adopts a drill bit structure: the drill bit base body is punched with holes for cylindrical pin fixation, the through groove is connected with the plastic pipe to form a drilling water supply passage, and the traction wire rope passes through the through groove and around the cylindrical pin to change direction. The use of cylindrical pin fixation simplifies the installation and positioning process of the drill bit and reduces the difficulty of drilling the drill bit.

[0026] 7. The anchor rod of the present invention can be constructed in one step: the steps of disassembling the drill rod, installing the anchoring agent, and installing the anchor rod in the traditional process can be omitted, which greatly optimizes the construction process of the anchor rod. It can be equipped with an anchor drilling rig to realize one-step support construction, eliminate the influence of gravel collapse on the construction, and improve the efficiency of support construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is the dual-channel structural intention of the anchoring section rod body of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the drilling drive of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of pushing out the anchoring agent of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor pre-tightening principle of the present invention;

[0033] The reference numerals in the figure include: a pull ring 1, a limit ring 2, a cone nut 3, a tray 4, a hollow rod body 5, a steel wire rope 6, an elastic cylindrical pin 7, a piston 8, an anchoring section rod body 9, an elastic cylindrical pin 10, a drill bit 11, an inner sleeve 12, an anchoring agent 13, and a discharge hole 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a pull ring 1, a limit ring 2, a cone nut 3, a tray 4, a hollow rod body 5, a steel wire rope 6, an elastic cylindrical pin 7, a piston 8, an anchoring section rod body 9, an elastic cylindrical pin 10, a drill bit 11, an inner sleeve 12, an anchoring agent 13, and a discharge hole 14.

[0035] Figure 2This is the dual-channel structure of the anchoring section rod body of the present invention (with a drill bit), wherein the inner casing 12 is a water supply channel, which is in a normally open state and is used to guide the drilling and slag discharge water flow through, and the anchoring agent storage channel contains a resin anchoring agent, and the end is sealed with a piston 8, and the two do not interfere with each other;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling drive of the present invention. The working principle of this part is as follows: the hydraulic motor of the anchor drilling rig rotates forward to drive the cone nut 3 to retreat and press against the limit ring 2 (welded and fixed). The cone nut is blocked from retreating and then drives the rod body to rotate and drill to cut coal and rock;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the anchoring agent pushing out of the present invention. The working principle of this part is as follows: when the drilling rig drills into the coal wall, the outer tapered thread of the tapered nut 3 is screwed with the tray 4. At this time, the drilling rig is operated to retreat. Since the hydraulic support plate of the drilling rig presses the tray to prevent the rod body from falling (the support plate is fixed), the drilling conversion sleeve on the drilling rig clamps the pull ring 1 and pulls the wire rope 6 to move. After the steel wire changes direction through the positioning pin 10 of the fixed drill bit, it pulls the piston 8 forward, and the piston pushes the anchor 13 to flow out through the slurry outlet hole at the position of the anchor outlet hole 14;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the anchor pre-tightening principle of the present invention. The working principle of this part is as follows: rotate the drill sleeve counterclockwise to retract the drilling conversion sleeve slider under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, high-pressure water or high-pressure gas is introduced to blow out the pull ring 1, and the drilling rig can be operated to advance, driving the drilling rig hydraulic motor to reversely rotate. At this time, the cone nut 3 disengages from the self-locking and screws in along the rod body. The cone nut 3 pulls the rod body outward through the thread, and the tray transmits the pre-tightening force generated by the cone nut 3 to the surrounding rock to achieve pre-tightening.

[0039] The airborne anchor drilling rig matched with the present invention is composed of a long feed mechanism, a short feed mechanism, a top plate mechanism, and a slideway assembly rotating mechanism, wherein: the top plate mechanism is controlled by a separate oil cylinder. When in use, the top plate mechanism is extended and supported on the coal wall to be drilled, and has the functions of stabilizing the anchor drilling rig and supporting the rod; the long and short feed oil cylinders are connected in parallel by two oil cylinders, and one hydraulic oil is controlled. The short feed oil cylinder causes the rotary drilling rig part to slide on the square guide rail, and the long feed oil cylinder causes the square guide rail to slide on the slideway assembly; the rotating mechanism is composed of a motor, an output shaft, and a drilling conversion sleeve. The torque is transmitted through the output shaft. The return seal in the water jacket ensures the sealing of slag discharge water and air. The conversion sleeve connects and drives the anchor and locks the pull-out ring. The construction process of the anchor of the present invention includes: anchor installation, anchor drilling, drilling rig retreat and pulling anchor agent, taking out the pull-out ring, pushing and stirring the anchor agent, waiting for solidification and pre-tightening. Compared with the traditional construction process (including: drill rod installation, drill rod drilling, replacement of long drill rod, drill rod drilling, drill rod disassembly, loading anchoring agent, loading anchor rod, pushing and stirring anchoring agent, waiting for setting and pre-tightening), the present invention eliminates the steps of disassembling drill rod, loading anchoring agent and loading anchor rod in the traditional process, greatly optimizing the construction process of anchor rod. The specific process flow is:

[0040] 1) Drilling preparation: The rod body is assembled except for the tray before leaving the factory. The anchor rod is placed in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, and the tray is placed in front of the hydraulic support plate. The drilling rig can be pushed against the coal wall. At this time, the drilling cooling water is delivered. The water flows through the water supply channel in the hole of the rod body and is directly delivered to the drill bit 11;

[0041] 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drill to rotate forward, and the cone nut 3 moves back to press against the limit ring 2 (welded and fixed). The cone nut 3 drives the rod body to rotate and drill to cut coal and rock. When drilling to the rock wall, the external thread of the cone nut 3 is screwed into the inner hole of the tray, and the drilling stops;

[0042] 3) Anchoring: After the cone nut 3 is screwed with the tray 4, the drill rig is operated to move backward (the support plate is fixed). At this time, the support plate presses the tray to prevent the rod body from falling. The drilling conversion sleeve on the drill rig clamps the pull ring 1 and pulls the wire rope 6 to move. The wire rope changes direction through the drill bit positioning pin 10 and pulls the piston 8 forward. The piston pushes the anchoring agent to flow out through the discharge hole 14 under the drill bit 11. After the anchoring agent is completely pushed out, remove the pull ring 1 and push the drill rig forward, and rotate the rod body forward to stir the anchoring agent;

[0043] 4) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the rod body has been anchored, the cone nut 3 is screwed in along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

Claims

1. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor, characterized in that: It comprises a hollow rod body and an anchoring section rod body. A pull ring, a limit ring and a cone nut are arranged on the hollow rod body. A water supply channel and an anchoring agent are arranged in the anchoring section rod body. Pistons are arranged at both ends of the anchoring agent. Steel wire ropes are arranged in the inner cavities of the hollow rod body and the anchoring section rod body for pulling the piston forward. A drill bit is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body.

2. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply channel is an embedded plastic pipe.

3. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting ring is fixed on the hollow rod body by welding, threading or gluing.

4. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body through an elastic cylindrical pin.

5. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the steel wire rope is connected with the draw ring, and the other end passes around the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit and passes through the piston at one end of the anchoring agent and then is connected with the piston at the other end of the anchoring agent.

6. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external thread of the cone nut is a conical self-tapping thread, which is used for screwing and engaging with the inner hole of the tray arranged on the hollow rod body.

7. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the pull ring is provided with a chamfer.

8. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that: A shoulder is set after the chamfer of the pull ring.

9. A dual-channel hollow self-drilling anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anchoring agent discharge hole is arranged at the front end of the anchoring section rod body.

10. A construction process for a double-channel hollow self-drilling anchor, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) Drilling preparation: Place the anchor in the drill sleeve of the anchor drilling rig, put a tray in front of the hydraulic support plate, and then push the drilling rig to press against the coal wall. At this time, deliver the drilling cooling water. The water flows through the water supply channel in the hole of the rod body and is directly delivered to the drill bit position; 2) Drilling: Drive the hydraulic motor of the anchor drill to rotate forward, the cone nut retreats and presses against the limit ring, and the cone nut drives the rod body to rotate and drill to cut coal and rock; when drilling to the rock wall, the external thread of the cone nut is screwed into the inner hole of the tray, and the drilling stops; 3) Anchoring: After the cone nut is screwed together with the tray, operate the drill rig to move backward. At this time, the support plate presses the tray to prevent the rod from falling. The drilling conversion sleeve on the drill rig clamps the pull ring and pulls the wire rope to move. The wire rope changes direction through the elastic cylindrical pin on the drill bit and pulls the piston forward. The piston pushes the anchoring agent out through the discharge hole under the drill bit. When all the anchoring agent is pushed out, remove the pull ring and push the drill rig forward. Rotate the rod body forward to stir the anchoring agent. 4) Pre-tightening: After solidifying for a period of time, drive the hydraulic motor to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, since the rod body has been anchored, the cone nut is screwed in along the rod body to achieve the pre-tightening function.

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