Mechanized operation line construction technology under rock burst condition and protection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mines, in particular to a mechanized operation line construction process and protection device under the rock burst condition, which comprises the following steps of: 1, installing a monitoring and early warning platform on a rock burst mine, and uploading coal body stress monitoring, micro-seismic monitoring and drilling cutting data monitoring data to the platform; a rock burst stress on-line monitoring system can be installed aiming at an impact dangerous area divided by a mine, and accumulation and change of a static load in a mining-induced surrounding rock near-field system are monitored in real time by burying a high-precision stress sensor in a coal body; 2, protecting devices are installed in the divided high-impact dangerous area every designated distance; according to the device, through the arrangement of the supporting assembly, through the triangular supporting effect of the supporting assembly, the protection effect of the protection base and the arc-shaped protection top is improved, so that the situation that the protection base and the arc-shaped protection top collapse is avoided, and the protection effect on constructors is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of coal mines, and in particular to a mechanized operation line construction process and a protective device under rock burst conditions. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst refers to the sudden fracture and ejection of rocks caused by the concentrated release of ground stress, which poses a serious threat to mine safety. Carrying out mechanized construction under rock burst conditions is a complex and dangerous task, requiring a series of technical and management measures to ensure the safety and efficiency of construction.

[0003] Under the condition of rock burst, if the mitigation measures are not effective, the construction workers inside the tunnel will face safety hazards. Therefore, while carrying out mechanized operation line construction, it is necessary to set up protective measures inside the tunnel to provide protection for the construction workers when the mitigation measures are not effective. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a mechanized operation line construction process and a protective device under rock burst conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Install a monitoring and early warning platform in the rock burst mine, upload the coal stress monitoring, microseismic monitoring, and drill cuttings data monitoring data to the platform, and install an online monitoring system for rock burst stress in the rock burst danger zone divided by the mine. By burying high-precision stress sensors in the coal, the accumulation and changes of static loads in the near-field system of the mining surrounding rock can be monitored in real time;

[0007] Step 2: Install protective devices at designated intervals in the high-impact hazard areas. The two chute construction sections of the working face are weak-impact hazard areas. According to the business contact book issued by the mine, the pressure relief method is to drill pressure relief holes on the side of the side of the chute and the side of the coal pillar. As the excavation face continues to advance, the pressure relief work is continuously followed up. Protective devices are installed in the construction sections of the weak-impact hazard areas, and the protective devices are moved synchronously with the forward movement of the construction sections.

[0008] Step 3: Pressure relief treatment is carried out in the reserved area of ​​the bottom coal of the working face tunnel. Pressure relief is carried out by drilling pressure relief holes on the side of the bottom coal pillar. In areas where the thickness of the bottom coal of the tunnel is ≥10 meters, the drilling length is 10m; in areas where the bottom coal thickness is less than 10m, drilling is carried out until rock is seen, with an interval of 3.1~3.3m, perpendicular to the coal seam and inclined downward at 60°. The pressure relief hole is constructed to the bottom plate of the coal seam with a hole diameter of Φ153mm and a distance of less than or equal to 30m from the head. Three holes with a diameter of 150~155mm are constructed at the head, arranged horizontally, and the hole depth is 50m; when the distance from the head of the tunnel to the bottom of the pressure relief hole is less than 10m, the next round of drilling is supplemented, and the cycle is repeated. The pressure relief holes are sealed in time after they are drilled;

[0009] Step 4: When impact danger is found at the head of the tunnel, the method of increasing drilling holes is used to relieve danger and relieve pressure, that is, the head drilling holes are increased to 5, and other parameters are consistent with the pressure relief parameters. When the impact danger is monitored on both sides of the tunnel, the drill cuttings method is first used to determine the danger range, and then measures to relieve danger are taken. The drilling construction should be staggered with the previous pressure relief drilling. If the stress concentration is high, the large-diameter drilling construction speed is slow or the danger relief effect is not obvious, coal seam blasting or other measures should be implemented to relieve danger;

[0010] Step 5: When the working face is monitored to have the danger of rock burst, and the large-diameter drilling cannot relieve the pressure in time or the pressure relief effect is not obvious, coal blasting can be implemented to relieve the pressure on both sides of the coal body in the dangerous area of ​​the working face. The distance from the detonation point to the blasting site shall not be less than 300m, and the blasting time is recommended to be no less than 30min;

[0011] Step 6. When the above-mentioned risk relief work is not effective, take blasting measures to relieve the risk on the tunnel floor. The construction position is the bottom corners of both sides of the drift, and the construction is carried out from the coal wall position of the working face to the outside.

[0012] In a second aspect, a protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions is provided, the protective device comprising:

[0013] A protective base, wherein a curved protective top is fixed on the top of the protective base;

[0014] Two groups of second turning frames, two of the second turning frames form one group, the second turning frames in the same group are rotatably connected to each other, and opposite ends of the second turning frames in the same group are rotatably mounted with fixed bases, and the fixed bases are fixedly connected to the protective base;

[0015] Two support assemblies are respectively installed under the two groups of the second flip frames, and are activated in case of danger to push the protection base to both sides when the arc-shaped protection top is stressed, and to push the arc-shaped protection top toward the top when the protection base is stressed;

[0016] After the protective base and the arc-shaped protective roof are arranged inside the tunnel, when a collapse occurs inside the tunnel, construction workers who cannot escape can hide inside the protective base and the arc-shaped protective roof and wait for rescue, which is helpful to avoid the safety hazard caused by the construction workers being hit by the falling debris during the collapse;

[0017] When rubble falls, it can be blocked by the protective base and the arc-shaped protective roof, thereby protecting the construction workers inside. When rubble falls, the support assembly is started, and the support assembly and the second flip frame form a triangular support between the two sides of the arc-shaped protective roof and the protective base. When the arc-shaped protective roof is subjected to external force, the force is distributed and applied between the two side walls of the protective base through the triangular support action of the support assembly, thereby forming a force that pushes the side walls of the protective base outward from the inside of the protective base, which offsets the force of external rubble falling and hitting the protective base, and the protective base can be supported by the side walls of the tunnel. Similarly, when the side walls of the protective base are subjected to external forces, they also play a supporting and offsetting role, which is beneficial to improving the protective function of the protective base and the arc-shaped protective roof, thereby helping to avoid the collapse of the protective base and the arc-shaped protective roof, and helping to improve the protection effect on construction workers.

[0018] Preferably, the support assembly comprises:

[0019] Two groups of first turning frames, two of the first turning frames form one group, and the first turning frames in the same group are rotatably connected to each other;

[0020] Two groups of sliding bases, two of the sliding bases form one group, and the sliding bases in the same group are rotatably mounted on opposite ends of the two first turning frames in the same group;

[0021] Two first sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the protective base, and the sliding bases are slidably installed in the corresponding first sliding grooves respectively;

[0022] Two locking mechanisms, one of which is installed between the second flip frame and one of the first flip frames located above, and the other is installed between two first flip frames, and the locking mechanisms are used to connect the second flip frame and two groups of the first flip frames to form a support after starting;

[0023] Two limiting mechanisms are installed on the side walls of the protective base and are used to provide limiting support for the sliding base;

[0024] When there is a danger of collapse inside the tunnel, the limiting mechanism releases the limiting effect on the sliding base, so that the sliding base slides down along the first slide groove under the action of gravity, thereby causing the two sets of first flip frames to slide downward and unfold;

[0025] If necessary, a pushing component, such as an electric push rod, can be provided at the sliding base, so that after the limit mechanism releases the limit, the sliding base can be driven downward by the pushing action of the electric push rod to drive the two sets of first flip frames to unfold, thereby facilitating the avoidance of the situation in which the sliding base is subjected to resistance and is difficult to slide down under the action of gravity during the first flip frame, thereby facilitating the smooth unfolding of the first flip frame;

[0026] During the unfolding of the two groups of first flip frames, the locking assembly is driven to complete the locking effect on the two groups of first flip frames, so that the upper first flip frame and the second flip frame maintain the unfolded position through the locking effect of the locking assembly, and the two groups of first flip frames maintain the unfolded position through the locking effect of the locking assembly. At this time, when the protective base and the arc-shaped protective top are subjected to force, for example, when the arc-shaped protective top is subjected to force, the arc-shaped protective top generates a downward force under the action of external force, and when the downward force is applied to the rotation connection of the first flip frame, a force is applied to both sides along the two first flip frames, thereby pushing the protective bases on both sides through the first flip frame, thereby applying a force from the inside to the outside to the protective base, and when the outside of the protective base is subjected to force, the force from the inside to the outside can balance the external force, and when there is no force on the outside of the protective base, the protective base can squeeze the inner wall of the laneway to form a support, thereby helping to avoid the protective base and the arc-shaped protective top from collapsing under the action of external force;

[0027] The whole composed of the protective base and the arc-shaped protective top is independent of the interior of the tunnel, so that no safety hazard will be simultaneously generated when cracks are generated inside the tunnel under the impact ground pressure, which is conducive to temporary protection of construction personnel.

[0028] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises:

[0029] A vertical limiting frame, the top of which is fixedly connected to the top of the protective base or the rotating shaft of the first flip frame above it;

[0030] A second slide groove is provided inside the vertical limit frame, and the first flip frame is slidably connected inside the second slide groove via a slider connected to the rotating shaft;

[0031] A limit rod is installed in a transversely sliding manner inside the second sliding groove, and an arc groove is formed at the bottom of the limit rod;

[0032] A first spring, fixed between the upper end of the side wall of the limiting rod and the second sliding groove;

[0033] An arc-shaped rod is slidably inserted at the bottom of the vertical limiting frame;

[0034] The arc-shaped push shell is sleeved at the end of the arc-shaped rod. A second spring is jointly installed between the arc-shaped rod and the interior of the arc-shaped push shell. After the slider slides downward to squeeze the arc-shaped rod, the arc-shaped push shell is driven to laterally push the bottom of the limiting rod.

[0035] When the first flipping frame slides downward, the slider connected to the rotating shaft of the first flipping frame slides downward along the second sliding groove. After the slider slides downward, the first spring, having lost the extrusion of the slider, pushes the top of the limiting rod to laterally move to a position above the slider. After the slider slides to the bottom of the second sliding groove, the slider pushes the arc-shaped rod downward, causing the arc-shaped rod to slide and push the second spring. After the slider completely slides to the bottom of the second sliding groove, the bottom of the limiting rod loses the extrusion of the slider. At this time, the compressed second spring, through the elastic force generated by its own compression, pushes the arc-shaped push shell, causing the arc-shaped push shell to push the bottom of the limiting rod, enabling the bottom of the limiting rod to move laterally, thereby pushing the limiting rod to completely move laterally to the top of the slider. The arc-shaped groove at the bottom of the limiting rod fits the top of the slider, completely limiting the slider, and thus completely limiting the first flipping frame after it moves downward. This enables the vertical limiting frame connected to the arc-shaped protective top to push the slider downward when receiving a top force, thereby pushing the first flipping frame, causing the first flipping frame to be stressed. Similarly, after the first flipping frame is stressed, it can push the lower first flipping frame, enabling the force to be transmitted, forming a triangular support between the triangular frames formed between the first flipping frame and the vertical limiting frame, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the protective base and the arc-shaped protective top.

[0036] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes:

[0037] A stop block is slidably installed inside the first relief groove opened on the side wall of the protective base. The stop block is of a U-shaped structure. The upper cross plate of the stop block limits and supports the upper sliding base, and the lower cross plate of the stop block limits and supports the lower sliding base.

[0038] A first cylinder is fixed inside the first relief groove. The first cylinder drives the stop block to move through a telescopic rod.

[0039] The two cross plates of the stop block can limit and support the two sliding bases, thus maintaining the initial state of the sliding bases. After the first cylinder is started, the stop block is driven to move through the telescopic rod, causing the stop block to slide along the first relief groove and disengage from the bottom of the sliding base, so that the sliding base loses the support and slides downward under the action of gravity, thereby driving the first flipping frame to unfold.

[0040] Preferably, it further includes:

[0041] A plurality of rollers are installed at the bottom of the protective base.

[0042] A plurality of support blocks are arranged corresponding to the rollers one by one and arranged on adjacent sides of the rollers;

[0043] A plurality of installation boxes are fixed inside the protective base, and a second cylinder is fixed inside each of the installation boxes. The second cylinders are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the support blocks, and the second cylinders are fixedly connected to the corresponding support blocks through telescopic rods;

[0044] When the protective base needs to be moved, the second cylinder is started to drive the support block to move upward, so that the support block no longer supports the protective base. At this time, the roller touches the ground, and a force is applied to the protective base to push the protective base to move;

[0045] When it is necessary to explain, a driving assembly is installed on the roller to drive the roller to rotate, for example, a motor is installed to drive the roller to rotate, so that the roller has an active rotation effect and can drive the protective base to move;

[0046] When the protective base does not need to move, the second cylinder is started to drive the support block to move downward, so that the support block supports the protective base, thereby preventing the protective base from moving easily.

[0047] Preferably, it also includes:

[0048] Two buffer plates are respectively installed in the through openings opened on the two side walls of the protective base through bottom rotation, and a plurality of limit grooves are opened on both sides of the two buffer plates;

[0049] Two groups of limit blocks, two of which form a group, and the two limit blocks in the same group are respectively slidably inserted into the limit grooves on both sides of the buffer plate, and the limit blocks are slidably installed in the second clearance grooves opened on the side walls of the protective base;

[0050] Two groups of third cylinders, two of the third cylinders form a group, the third cylinders in the same group are installed inside the limiting grooves located on both sides of the buffer plate, and the third cylinders drive the limiting blocks to move through telescopic rods;

[0051] When the impact force of external falling rocks on the protective base is close to the bearing limit of the protective base, the side wall area of ​​the protective base is larger and it is more likely to be damaged when subjected to force. At this time, the third cylinder is controlled to start, and the third cylinder drives the limit block to move out of the inside of the limit groove, so that the buffer plate loses its limit. At this time, the buffer plate flips under the action of external force, and the buffer plates on both sides flip at the same time and move close to each other to form a triangular area. Construction workers can hide under the triangular area. At this time, the protection area is reduced, and the buffer plate with triangular support after reduction can increase the protection force, which is beneficial to improve the protection of construction workers.

[0052] Preferably, it also includes:

[0053] Two tilting blocks are respectively fixed to the tops of the two opposite sides of the buffer plates;

[0054] Two telescopic blocks are respectively slidably inserted into the installation grooves opened inside the two tilting blocks;

[0055] Two groups of third springs, a plurality of the third springs form one group, and the two groups of third springs are respectively fixed in a linear array inside the two mounting slots and between the telescopic blocks;

[0056] When the two buffer plates approach each other, the two telescopic blocks first collide with each other and then squeeze the third spring, so that the third spring can buffer the collision of the two buffer plates, which is beneficial to reduce the collision damage of the two buffer plates and can buffer the impact force when affected by falling rocks.

[0057] Preferably, it also includes:

[0058] A pressure sensor is installed on the top of the arc-shaped protective roof;

[0059] Warning lights, installed at both ends of the protective base;

[0060] When the top of the arc-shaped protective roof is hit by falling rocks, the pressure sensor is compressed to generate pressure information. At this time, when the pressure sensor detects the pressure information, the warning light is activated, so that the warning light warns the position of the protective base, which is helpful for construction personnel to quickly find the protective base for avoidance.

[0061] Preferably, it also includes:

[0062] Warning bracelets are placed on staff;

[0063] A distance detector, installed on the warning bracelet, used to detect the distance between the warning bracelet and the protective bases adjacent to the two ends of the lane;

[0064] A control unit installed inside the protective base, used to control the distance detector to start detecting the distance between the warning bracelet and the protective bases adjacent to both ends of the lane when the pressure sensor is under pressure, and to select the protective base corresponding to the smaller data after comparing the two detection data, and the control unit is also used to control the warning light to emit a warning light of the same color as the warning light on the selected protective base;

[0065] While the warning light is sounding the alarm, the distance detector detects the distance between the warning bracelet and the adjacent protective bases at both ends of the tunnel, and compares the two detected data, selects the protective base corresponding to the distance with a smaller value, and then controls the warning bracelet to emit a warning light of the same color as the selected protective base, thereby prompting the construction personnel to run to the nearby protective base for avoidance, which is beneficial to reduce the decision-making time of the construction personnel and improve protection.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] 1. The present invention provides a support assembly so that the triangular support of the support assembly can improve the protective effect of the protective base and the arc-shaped protective top, thereby preventing the protective base and the arc-shaped protective top from collapsing, and improving the protection effect on construction personnel.

[0068] 2. The present invention arranges the buffer plates so that the buffer plates on both sides are flipped at the same time and brought close to each other to form a triangular area. Construction workers can hide under the triangular area. At this time, the protection area is reduced, and the buffer plates with triangular support after reduction can improve the protective force, which is beneficial to improve the protection of construction workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protective device of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 3 The structure of the protective device of the present invention is schematically shown after the overall section Figure 1 .

[0072] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0073] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0074] Figure 6 The structure of the protective device of the present invention is schematically shown after the overall section Figure 2 .

[0075] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0076] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the middle.

[0077] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer plate of the present invention after cross section.

[0078] In the figure: 101, protective base; 102, arc-shaped protective top; 2, first flip frame; 201, sliding base; 202, first slide groove; 203, second flip frame; 3, vertical limit frame; 301, second slide groove; 302, limit rod; 303, slider; 304, first spring; 305, arc groove; 4, arc rod; 401, arc push shell; 402, second spring; 5, stop block; 501, first make way groove; 502, first cylinder; 6, roller; 7, support block; 701, second cylinder; 702, installation box; 8, buffer plate; 801, tilting block; 802, telescopic block; 803, third spring; 804, installation groove; 9, limit block; 901, limit groove; 902, second make way groove; 903, third cylinder; 10, warning light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0080] like Figure 1 The mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions shown in the figure comprises the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: Install a monitoring and early warning platform in the rock burst mine, upload the coal stress monitoring, microseismic monitoring, and drill cuttings data monitoring data to the platform, and install an online monitoring system for rock burst stress in the rock burst danger zone divided by the mine. By burying high-precision stress sensors in the coal, the accumulation and changes of static loads in the near-field system of the mining surrounding rock can be monitored in real time;

[0082] Step 2: Install protective devices at designated intervals in the high-impact hazard areas. The two chute construction sections of the working face are weak-impact hazard areas. According to the business contact book issued by the mine, the pressure relief method is to drill pressure relief holes on the side of the side of the chute and the side of the coal pillar. As the excavation face continues to advance, the pressure relief work is continuously followed up. Protective devices are installed in the construction sections of the weak-impact hazard areas, and the protective devices are moved synchronously with the forward movement of the construction sections.

[0083] Step 3: Pressure relief treatment is carried out in the reserved area of ​​the bottom coal of the working face tunnel. Pressure relief is carried out by drilling pressure relief holes on the side of the bottom coal pillar. In areas where the thickness of the bottom coal of the tunnel is ≥10 meters, the drilling length is 10m; in areas where the bottom coal thickness is less than 10m, drilling is carried out until rock is seen, with an interval of 3.1~3.3m, perpendicular to the coal seam and inclined downward at 60°. The pressure relief hole is constructed to the bottom plate of the coal seam with a hole diameter of Φ153mm and a distance of less than or equal to 30m from the head. Three holes with a diameter of 150~155mm are constructed at the head, arranged horizontally, and the hole depth is 50m; when the distance from the head of the tunnel to the bottom of the pressure relief hole is less than 10m, the next round of drilling is supplemented, and the cycle is repeated. The pressure relief holes are sealed in time after they are drilled;

[0084] Step 4: When impact danger is found at the head of the tunnel, the method of increasing drilling holes is used to relieve danger and relieve pressure, that is, the head drilling holes are increased to 5, and other parameters are consistent with the pressure relief parameters. When the impact danger is monitored on both sides of the tunnel, the drill cuttings method is first used to determine the danger range, and then measures to relieve danger are taken. The drilling construction should be staggered with the previous pressure relief drilling. If the stress concentration is high, the large-diameter drilling construction speed is slow or the danger relief effect is not obvious, coal seam blasting or other measures should be implemented to relieve danger;

[0085] Step 5: When the working face is monitored to have the danger of rock burst, and the large-diameter drilling cannot relieve the pressure in time or the pressure relief effect is not obvious, coal blasting can be implemented to relieve the pressure on both sides of the coal body in the dangerous area of ​​the working face. The distance from the detonation point to the blasting site shall not be less than 300m, and the blasting time is recommended to be no less than 30min;

[0086] Step 6. When the above-mentioned risk relief work is not effective, take blasting measures to relieve the risk on the tunnel floor. The construction position is the bottom corners of both sides of the drift, and the construction is carried out from the coal wall position of the working face to the outside.

[0087] like Figures 2 to 9 A protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions is shown, the protective device comprising:

[0088] A protective base 101, a curved protective top 102 is fixed on the top of the protective base 101;

[0089] Two groups of second turning frames 203, two second turning frames 203 form one group, the second turning frames 203 in the same group are rotatably connected to each other, and the opposite ends of the second turning frames 203 in the same group are rotatably mounted with fixed bases, and the fixed bases are fixedly connected to the protective base 101;

[0090] Two support components are respectively installed under the two sets of second flip frames 203, and are activated in danger to push the protective base 101 to both sides when the arc-shaped protective top 102 is stressed, and push the arc-shaped protective top 102 to the top when the protective base 101 is stressed;

[0091] Under rock burst conditions, if the mitigation measures are not effective, the construction workers inside the tunnel will encounter safety hazards. Therefore, when carrying out mechanized operation line construction, it is necessary to set up protection measures inside the tunnel to provide protection for the construction workers when the mitigation measures are not effective.

[0092] This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems. The specific implementation method is as follows: after the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102 are arranged inside the tunnel, when a collapse occurs inside the tunnel, construction workers who cannot escape can hide inside the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102 and wait for rescue, which is conducive to avoiding the safety hazard caused by the construction workers being hit by the rubble falling during the collapse;

[0093] When the rubble falls, it can be blocked by the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective roof 102, thereby protecting the construction workers inside. When the rubble falls, the support assembly is started, and the support assembly and the second flip frame 203 form a triangular support between the arc-shaped protective roof 102 and the two sides of the protective base 101. When the arc-shaped protective roof 102 is subjected to external force, the triangular support of the support assembly distributes the force between the two side walls of the protective base 101, thereby forming a force that pushes the side wall of the protective base 101 outward from the inside of the protective base 101, and the force of the external rubble falling and hitting the protective base 101 is offset by each other, and the protective base 101 can be supported by the side wall of the tunnel. Similarly, when the side wall of the protective base 101 is subjected to external force, it also plays a supporting and offsetting role, which is beneficial to improve the protective effect of the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective roof 102, thereby helping to avoid the collapse of the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective roof 102, and helping to improve the protection effect on the construction workers.

[0094] As an optional embodiment, the support assembly includes:

[0095] Two groups of first turning frames 2, two first turning frames 2 form one group, and the first turning frames 2 in the same group are rotatably connected to each other;

[0096] Two groups of sliding bases 201, two sliding bases 201 form one group, and the sliding bases 201 of the same group are rotatably mounted on the opposite ends of the two first turning frames 2 of the same group;

[0097] Two first slide grooves 202 are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the protection base 101, and the sliding bases 201 are slidably installed in the corresponding first slide grooves 202;

[0098] Two locking mechanisms, one of which is installed between the second flip frame 203 and a first flip frame 2 located above, and the other is installed between two first flip frames 2, and the locking mechanism is used to connect the second flip frame 203 and the two sets of first flip frames 2 after startup to form a support;

[0099] Two limiting mechanisms are installed on the side walls of the protective base 101 and are used to provide limiting support for the sliding base 201;

[0100] When the tunnel is in danger of collapse, the limiting mechanism releases the limiting effect on the sliding base 201, so that the sliding base 201 slides down along the first slide groove 202 under the action of gravity, thereby causing the two sets of first flip frames 2 to slide downward and unfold;

[0101] If necessary, a pushing component, such as an electric push rod, can be provided at the sliding base 201, so that after the limit mechanism releases the limit, the sliding base 201 can be driven downward by the pushing action of the electric push rod to drive the two sets of first flip frames 2 to unfold, thereby facilitating the avoidance of the situation that the sliding base 201 is difficult to slide down under the action of gravity due to resistance during the first flip frame 2, thereby facilitating the smooth unfolding of the first flip frame 2;

[0102] During the unfolding of the two groups of first flip frames 2, the locking assembly is driven to complete the locking effect on the two groups of first flip frames 2, so that the upper first flip frame 2 and the second flip frame 203 are kept in the unfolded position by the locking effect of the locking assembly, and the two groups of first flip frames 2 are kept in the unfolded position by the locking effect of the locking assembly. At this time, when the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102 are subjected to force, for example, when the arc-shaped protective top 102 is subjected to force, the arc-shaped protective top 102 generates a downward force under the action of an external force, and the downward force is applied to the first flip frame 203. When the first turning frame 2 is connected to the rotation point, a force is applied to both sides along the two first turning frames 2, so that the protection base 101 on both sides is pushed by the first turning frame 2, so as to apply a force from the inside to the outside to the protection base 101. When the external force of the protection base 101 is applied, the force from the inside to the outside can balance the external force. When there is no force on the external side of the protection base 101, the protection base 101 can squeeze the inner wall of the tunnel to form a support, which is conducive to avoiding the protection base 101 and the arc-shaped protection top 102 from collapsing under the action of external force.

[0103] The whole formed by the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102 is independent of the interior of the tunnel, so that no safety hazard will be simultaneously generated when cracks are generated in the tunnel under the impact ground pressure, which is conducive to temporary protection of construction personnel.

[0104] As an optional embodiment, the locking mechanism includes:

[0105] A vertical limiting frame 3, the top of which is fixedly connected to the top of the protection base 101 or the rotating shaft of the first flip frame 2 above;

[0106] The second slide groove 301 is provided inside the vertical limit frame 3, and the first flip frame 2 is slidably connected inside the second slide groove 301 via a slider 303 connected to the rotating shaft;

[0107] The limiting rod 302 is installed in a transversely sliding manner inside the second sliding groove 301, and an arc groove 305 is formed at the bottom of the limiting rod 302;

[0108] A first spring 304 is fixed between the upper end of the side wall of the limiting rod 302 and the second sliding groove 301;

[0109] The arc rod 4 is slidably inserted at the bottom of the vertical limit frame 3;

[0110] The arc-shaped push shell 401 is sleeved on the end of the arc-shaped rod 4. A second spring 402 is installed between the arc-shaped rod 4 and the inner part of the arc-shaped push shell 401. The slider 303 slides downward to squeeze the arc-shaped rod 4 and then drives the arc-shaped push shell 401 to push the bottom of the limit rod 302 horizontally.

[0111] When the first flip frame 2 slides downward, the slider 303 connected to the rotating shaft of the first flip frame 2 slides downward along the second sliding groove 301. After the slider 303 slides downward, the first spring 304 loses the squeezing of the slider 303 and pushes the top of the limiting rod 302 to move horizontally to the upper position of the slider 303. After the slider 303 slides downward to the bottom of the second sliding groove 301, the slider 303 pushes the arc rod 4 downward, so that the arc rod 4 slides and pushes the second spring 402. After the slider 303 completely slides to the bottom of the second sliding groove 301, the bottom of the limiting rod 302 loses the squeezing of the slider 303. At this time, the compressed second spring 402 pushes the arc pushing shell 401 through the elastic force generated by its own compression, so that the arc pushing shell 401 pushes the bottom of the limiting rod 302 , so that the bottom of the limiting rod 302 moves laterally, thereby pushing the limiting rod 302 to completely move laterally to the top of the slider 303, and the arc groove 305 at the bottom of the limiting rod 302 fits the top of the slider 303, completely limiting the slider 303, thereby completely limiting the first flip frame 2 after moving downward, so that the vertical limiting frame 3 connected to the arc-shaped protective top 102 can push the slider 303 downward after being subjected to the top force, thereby pushing the first flip frame 2, so that the first flip frame 2 is subjected to force, and the first flip frame 2 can push the first flip frame 2 below after being subjected to force, so that the force is transmitted, and a triangular support is formed between the tripod formed between the first flip frame 2 and the vertical limiting frame 3, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102.

[0112] As an alternative embodiment, the limiting mechanism includes:

[0113] A stop block 5, which is slidably installed inside a first relief groove 501 formed on the side wall of the protective base 101. The stop block 5 has a U-shaped structure. The upper cross plate of the stop block 5 provides limiting support for the upper sliding base 201, and the lower cross plate of the stop block 5 provides limiting support for the lower sliding base 201.

[0114] A first cylinder 502, which is fixed inside the first relief groove 501. The first cylinder 502 drives the stop block 5 to move through a telescopic rod.

[0115] The two cross plates of the stop block 5 can provide limiting support for the two sliding bases 201, so as to maintain the initial state of the sliding bases 201. After the first cylinder 502 is started, the stop block 5 is driven to move through the telescopic rod, so that the stop block 5 slides along the first relief groove 501 and disengages from the bottom of the sliding base 201, so that the sliding base 201 loses its support and slides downward under the action of gravity, thereby driving the first flipping frame 2 to unfold.

[0116] As an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0117] A plurality of rollers 6, which are installed at the bottom of the protective base 101;

[0118] A plurality of support blocks 7, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rollers 6 and are arranged adjacent to the rollers 6;

[0119] A plurality of mounting boxes 702, which are fixed inside the protective base 101. A second cylinder 701 is fixed inside each mounting box 702. The second cylinders 701 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support blocks 7, and the second cylinder 701 is fixedly connected to the corresponding support block 7 through a telescopic rod;

[0120] When the protective base 101 needs to be moved, the second cylinder 701 is started to drive the support block 7 to move upward, so that the support block 7 no longer supports the protective base 101. At this time, the rollers 6 are on the ground, and applying a force to the protective base 101 can push the protective base 101 to move;

[0121] It should be noted that a driving assembly is installed on the rollers 6 to drive the rollers 6 to rotate. For example, a motor is installed to drive the rollers 6 to rotate, so that the rollers 6 have an active rotating effect and can drive the protective base 101 to move;

[0122] When the protective base 101 does not need to be moved, the second cylinder 701 is started to drive the support block 7 to move downward, so that the support block 7 supports the protective base 101, so that the protective base 101 will not move easily.

[0123] As an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0124] Two buffer plates 8 are respectively installed in the through openings opened on the two side walls of the protection base 101 by bottom rotation, and a plurality of limiting grooves 901 are opened on both sides of the two buffer plates 8;

[0125] Two groups of limit blocks 9, two limit blocks 9 form a group, and the two limit blocks 9 in the same group are respectively slidably inserted into the limit grooves 901 on both sides of the buffer plate 8, and the limit blocks 9 are slidably installed in the second clearance grooves 902 opened on the side walls of the protective base 101;

[0126] Two groups of third cylinders 903, two third cylinders 903 form a group, and the third cylinders 903 in the same group are installed inside the limiting grooves 901 located on both sides of the buffer plate 8, and the third cylinders 903 drive the limiting blocks 9 to move through the telescopic rods;

[0127] When the impact force of external falling rocks on the protective base 101 is close to the bearing limit of the protective base 101, due to the large side wall area of ​​the protective base 101, it is more likely to be damaged when subjected to force. At this time, the third cylinder 903 is controlled to start, and the third cylinder 903 drives the limit block 9 to move out of the inside of the limit groove 901, so that the buffer plate 8 loses the limit. At this time, the buffer plate 8 flips under the action of external force, and the buffer plates 8 on both sides flip at the same time and move close to each other to form a triangular area. The construction workers can hide under the triangular area. At this time, the protection area is reduced, and the buffer plate 8 with a triangular support after the reduction can increase the protection force, which is beneficial to improve the protection of the construction workers.

[0128] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0129] Two tilting blocks 801 are respectively fixed to the tops of the opposite sides of the two buffer plates 8;

[0130] The two telescopic blocks 802 are respectively slidably inserted into the installation slots 804 opened inside the two tilting blocks 801;

[0131] Two groups of third springs 803, a plurality of third springs 803 form a group, and the two groups of third springs 803 are respectively fixed in a linear array inside the two mounting slots 804 and between the telescopic block 802;

[0132] When the two buffer plates 8 approach each other, the two telescopic blocks 802 first collide with each other and then squeeze the third spring 803, so that the third spring 803 can buffer the collision of the two buffer plates 8, which is beneficial to reduce the collision damage of the two buffer plates 8 and can buffer the impact force when affected by falling rocks.

[0133] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0134] A pressure sensor is installed on the top of the arc-shaped protective top 102;

[0135] Warning lights 10 are installed at both ends of the protective base 101;

[0136] When the top of the arc-shaped protective roof 102 is hit by falling rocks, the pressure sensor is compressed to generate pressure information. At this time, when the pressure sensor detects the pressure information, the warning light 10 is activated, so that the warning light 10 warns the position of the protective base 101, which is helpful for construction personnel to quickly find the protective base 101 for avoidance.

[0137] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0138] Warning bracelets are placed on staff;

[0139] A distance detector, installed on the warning wristband, is used to detect the distance between the warning wristband and the adjacent protective bases 101 at both ends of the lane;

[0140] The control unit is installed inside the protective base 101, and is used to control the distance detector to start detecting the distance between the warning bracelet and the protective bases 101 adjacent to both ends of the lane when the pressure sensor is pressurized, and to select the protective base 101 corresponding to the smaller data after comparing the two detection data. The control unit is also used to control the warning light 10 to emit a warning light of the same color as the warning light 10 on the selected protective base 101;

[0141] While the warning light 10 issues a warning, the distance detector detects the distance between the warning bracelet and the adjacent protective bases 101 at both ends of the tunnel, and compares the two detected data, selects the protective base 101 corresponding to the smaller distance, and then controls the warning bracelet to emit a warning light of the same color as the selected protective base 101, thereby prompting the construction personnel to run to the nearby protective base 101 for avoidance, which is conducive to reducing the decision-making time of the construction personnel and improving the protection;

[0142] It should be noted that the distance detector can use a locator to locate the warning bracelet on the protective base 101 inside the tunnel to detect the distance. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0143] Working principle of the present invention: After the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102 are arranged inside the tunnel, when the tunnel collapses, the construction workers who cannot escape can hide inside the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective top 102 and wait for rescue, which is helpful to avoid the safety hazard caused by the construction workers being hit by the falling rubble during the collapse;

[0144] When the rubble falls, it can be blocked by the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective roof 102, thereby protecting the construction workers inside. When the rubble falls, the support assembly is started, and the support assembly and the second flip frame 203 form a triangular support between the arc-shaped protective roof 102 and the two sides of the protective base 101. When the arc-shaped protective roof 102 is subjected to external force, the triangular support of the support assembly distributes the force between the two side walls of the protective base 101, thereby forming a force that pushes the side wall of the protective base 101 outward from the inside of the protective base 101, and the force of the external rubble falling and hitting the protective base 101 is offset by each other, and the protective base 101 can be supported by the side wall of the tunnel. Similarly, when the side wall of the protective base 101 is subjected to external force, it also plays a supporting and offsetting role, which is beneficial to improve the protective effect of the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective roof 102, thereby helping to avoid the collapse of the protective base 101 and the arc-shaped protective roof 102, and helping to improve the protection effect on the construction workers.

[0145] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install a monitoring and early warning platform in the rock burst mine, upload the coal stress monitoring, microseismic monitoring, and drill cuttings data monitoring data to the platform, and install an online monitoring system for rock burst stress in the rock burst danger zone divided by the mine. By burying high-precision stress sensors in the coal, the accumulation and changes of static loads in the near-field system of the mining surrounding rock can be monitored in real time; Step 2: Install protective devices at designated intervals in the high-impact hazard areas. The two chute construction sections of the working face are weak-impact hazard areas. According to the business contact book issued by the mine, the pressure relief method is to drill pressure relief holes on the side of the side of the chute and the side of the coal pillar. As the excavation face continues to advance, the pressure relief work is continuously followed up. Protective devices are installed in the construction sections of the weak-impact hazard areas, and the protective devices are moved synchronously with the forward movement of the construction sections. Step 3: Pressure relief treatment is carried out in the reserved area of ​​the bottom coal of the working face tunnel. Pressure relief is carried out by drilling pressure relief holes on the side of the bottom coal pillar. In areas where the thickness of the bottom coal of the tunnel is ≥10 meters, the drilling length is 10m; in areas where the bottom coal thickness is less than 10m, drilling is carried out until rock is seen, with an interval of 3.1~3.3m, perpendicular to the coal seam and inclined downward at 60°. The pressure relief hole is constructed to the bottom plate of the coal seam with a hole diameter of Φ153mm and a distance of less than or equal to 30m from the head. Three holes with a diameter of 150~155mm are constructed at the head, arranged horizontally, and the hole depth is 50m; when the distance from the head of the tunnel to the bottom of the pressure relief hole is less than 10m, the next round of drilling is supplemented, and the cycle is repeated. The pressure relief holes are sealed in time after they are drilled; Step 4: When impact danger is found at the head of the tunnel, the method of increasing drilling holes is used to relieve danger and relieve pressure, that is, the head drilling holes are increased to 5, and other parameters are consistent with the pressure relief parameters. When the impact danger is monitored on both sides of the tunnel, the drill cuttings method is first used to determine the danger range, and then measures to relieve danger are taken. The drilling construction should be staggered with the previous pressure relief drilling. If the stress concentration is high, the large-diameter drilling construction speed is slow or the danger relief effect is not obvious, coal seam blasting or other measures should be implemented to relieve danger; Step 5: When the working face is monitored to have the danger of rock burst, and the large-diameter drilling cannot relieve the pressure in time or the pressure relief effect is not obvious, coal blasting can be implemented to relieve the pressure on both sides of the coal body in the dangerous area of ​​the working face. The distance from the detonation point to the blasting site shall not be less than 300m, and the blasting time is recommended to be no less than 30min; Step 6. When the above-mentioned risk relief work is not effective, take blasting measures to relieve the risk on the tunnel floor. The construction position is the bottom corners of both sides of the drift, and the construction is carried out from the coal wall position of the working face to the outside.

2. A protective device for a mechanized line construction process under rock burst conditions, applicable to a mechanized line construction process under rock burst conditions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The protective device comprises: A protective base (101), wherein a curved protective top (102) is fixed on the top of the protective base (101); Two groups of second turning frames (203), two of the second turning frames (203) form one group, the second turning frames (203) in the same group are rotatably connected to each other, and the opposite ends of the second turning frames (203) in the same group are rotatably mounted with fixed bases, and the fixed bases are fixedly connected to the protective base (101); Two support components are respectively installed below two groups of the second flipping frames (203), and are activated in case of danger to push the protection base (101) to both sides when the arc-shaped protection top (102) is stressed, and push the arc-shaped protection top (102) upward when the protection base (101) is stressed.

3. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support component includes: Two groups of first flipping frames (2), with two of the first flipping frames (2) in one group, and the first flipping frames (2) in the same group are rotatably connected to each other; Two groups of sliding bases (201), with two of the sliding bases (201) in one group, and the sliding bases (201) in the same group are respectively rotatably installed at the opposite ends of two of the first flipping frames (2) in the same group; Two first sliding grooves (202) are symmetrically formed on the inner walls of both sides of the protection base (101), and the sliding bases (201) are respectively slidably installed inside the corresponding first sliding grooves (202); Two clamping mechanisms, one of the clamping mechanisms is installed between the second flipping frame (203) and one of the first flipping frames (2) located above, and the other clamping mechanism is installed between the two first flipping frames (2). The clamping mechanism is used to connect the second flipping frame (203) and two groups of the first flipping frames (2) to form a support after activation; Two limiting mechanisms are installed on the side walls of the protection base (101) to limit and support the sliding bases (201).

4. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes: A vertical limiting frame (3), the top of the vertical limiting frame (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the protection base (101) or the rotating shaft of the first flipping frame (2) above; A second sliding groove (301) is formed inside the vertical limiting frame (3), and the first flipping frame (2) is slidably connected inside the second sliding groove (301) through a slider (303) connected to the rotating shaft; A limiting rod (302) is horizontally slidably installed inside the second sliding groove (301), and an arc-shaped groove (305) is formed at the bottom of the limiting rod (302); A first spring (304) is fixed between the upper side wall of the limiting rod (302) and the second sliding groove (301); An arc-shaped rod (4) is slidably inserted into the bottom of the vertical limiting frame (3); An arc-shaped pushing shell (401) is sleeved on the end of the arc-shaped rod (4), and a second spring (402) is jointly installed between the arc-shaped rod (4) and the inside of the arc-shaped pushing shell (401). After the slider (303) slides downward to squeeze the arc-shaped rod (4), the arc-shaped pushing shell (401) is driven to horizontally push the bottom of the limiting rod (302).

5. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes: A stop block (5) is slidably installed inside a first relief groove (501) formed on the side wall of the protection base (101). The stop block (5) is of a U-shaped structure. The upper cross plate of the stop block (5) limits and supports the upper sliding base (201), and the lower cross plate of the stop block (5) limits and supports the lower sliding base (201); The first cylinder (502) is fixed inside the first clearance groove (501), and the first cylinder (502) drives the stopper (5) to move via a telescopic rod.

6. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of rollers (6) are mounted on the bottom of the protective base (101); A plurality of support blocks (7), arranged one-to-one corresponding to the rollers (6), and arranged on adjacent sides of the rollers (6); A plurality of installation boxes (702) are fixed inside the protective base (101), and a second cylinder (701) is fixed inside each of the installation boxes (702). The second cylinders (701) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the support blocks (7), and the second cylinders (701) are fixedly connected to the corresponding support blocks (7) via telescopic rods.

7. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: Two buffer plates (8) are respectively installed in the openings opened on the two side walls of the protection base (101) through bottom rotation, and a plurality of limit grooves (901) are opened on both sides of the two buffer plates (8); Two groups of limit blocks (9), two of the limit blocks (9) form a group, and the two limit blocks (9) in the same group are respectively slidably inserted into the limit grooves (901) on both sides of the buffer plate (8), and the limit blocks (9) are slidably installed in the second clearance grooves (902) opened on the side walls of the protective base (101); Two groups of third cylinders (903), two of the third cylinders (903) form a group, and the third cylinders (903) in the same group are installed inside the limiting grooves (901) located on both sides of the buffer plate (8), and the third cylinders (903) drive the limiting block (9) to move through the telescopic rod.

8. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Two tilting blocks (801) are respectively fixed to the tops of opposite sides of the two buffer plates (8); Two telescopic blocks (802) are respectively slidably inserted into the installation grooves (804) opened inside the two tilting blocks (801); Two groups of third springs (803), a plurality of the third springs (803) form one group, and the two groups of third springs (803) are respectively fixed in a linear array inside the two mounting grooves (804) and between the telescopic block (802).

9. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A pressure sensor installed on the top of the arc-shaped protective top (102); Warning lights (10) are installed at both ends of the protective base (101).

10. The protective device for a mechanized operation line construction process under rock burst conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: Warning bracelets are placed on staff; A distance detector, mounted on the warning bracelet, for detecting the distance between the warning bracelet and the protective bases (101) adjacent to the two ends of the lane; A control unit is installed inside the protective base (101) and is used to control the distance detector to start when the pressure sensor is under pressure, detect the distance between the warning bracelet and the protective bases (101) adjacent to the two ends of the tunnel, and select the protective base (101) corresponding to the smaller data after comparing the two detection data. The control unit is also used to control the warning light (10) to emit a warning light of the same color as the warning light (10) on the selected protective base (101).

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