High-flow underground water permanent and temporary combined guide and drainage system for water-rich stratum tunnel and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-rich stratum tunnel large-flow underground water permanent and temporary combined guide and drainage system and a construction method. The guide and drainage system comprises a temporary water plugging steel cofferdam, a water guide steel pipe weight type steel support, an intersection water sump finalization formwork system, a water gushing sump non-dismantling steel cofferdam system and an anchor rod anti-floating steel cover plate. The construction method has the beneficial effects that the water guide steel pipe weight type steel support is used for protecting the water guide steel pipe, the water guide steel pipe base is arranged at the bottom of the water guide steel pipe, the special-shaped base is arranged on the lower portion of the weight type steel support, and the anti-floating anchor rod is arranged below the special-shaped base, so that the construction safety of the water guide steel pipe during drainage is improved; the intersection water sump finalization formwork system is researched and developed, the curled steel cofferdam is adopted as the outer side formwork of the intersection water sump, the construction efficiency of formwork erecting is improved, the supporting truss is arranged between the inner side formworks, and the stability of the formworks in the construction process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel water drainage construction, and in particular relates to a permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] In long tunnels with complex geology, there is often a large amount of fissure water. This groundwater may suddenly gush out during tunnel excavation, forming a large flow of groundwater. Especially in water-rich strata, the groundwater problem faced by tunnel construction is more prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to design an effective drainage system to cope with the challenge of large flow of groundwater.

[0003] When constructing in water-rich strata, if the groundwater is not properly treated, it may lead to difficulties in tunnel excavation, serious waterlogging in the heading area, and even the risk of flooding the entire tunnel section. Traditional tunnel drainage systems often have some problems, such as insufficient drainage capacity and unsatisfactory drainage effects. Especially in the case of large-volume groundwater, traditional drainage systems may not be able to cope effectively, resulting in obstruction of tunnel construction or safety hazards during operation. In addition, some drainage systems may also have adverse effects on the surrounding water environment, such as groundwater overflow and water pollution.

[0004] Based on the actual requirements of complex construction conditions, high construction quality and tight construction period of engineering projects, it is urgent to innovate a large-flow groundwater drainage system and construction method for water-rich stratum tunnels with high construction efficiency, excellent construction quality and low safety risk, so as to improve the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction and reduce the adverse impact on the surrounding water environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a permanent and temporary combined drainage system and construction method for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel.

[0006] This permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in water-rich strata tunnels includes temporary water blocking steel cofferdams, heavy steel supports for water-conducting steel pipes, standardized template systems for intersection water bins, non-dismantling steel cofferdam systems for water gushing bins, and anchor anti-floating steel covers; The temporary water blocking steel cofferdam includes a rolled steel cofferdam and a post-removal cofferdam. The heavy steel bracket for the water-conducting steel pipe is arranged outside the water-conducting steel pipe; the standardized template system for the intersection water bin is arranged in the rolled steel cofferdam for pouring the intersection water bin; the water gushing bin non-removal steel cofferdam system is also arranged in the rolled steel cofferdam for pouring the water gushing bin; the rolled steel cofferdam serves as a permanent template for the water gushing bin and the intersection water bin; The anchor rod anti-floating steel cover plate includes a water gushing bin steel cover plate and an intersection water gushing bin cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the water-conducting steel pipe pressure-heavy steel support comprises two groups of left and right supports, a water-conducting steel pipe base is arranged at the bottom of the water-conducting steel pipe, a special-shaped base is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-heavy steel support, an anti-floating anchor rod is arranged below the special-shaped base, an inclined strut rod is arranged above the special-shaped base, a side limit arc plate and a lower arc plate support are arranged in the middle part of the water-conducting steel pipe pressure-heavy steel support, an upper arc plate support is arranged at the upper part, a fixed limit arc plate is arranged at the top of the water-conducting steel pipe, and the two groups of supports are connected by connecting ear plates and bolts.

[0008] Preferably, the standardized formwork system of the intersection water bin includes a front formwork, a side formwork, a Z-shaped formwork, a middle formwork and formwork fixing bolts. The rolled steel cofferdam serves as the outer formwork of the intersection water bin. A reinforcing bottom rib is arranged between the two rolled steel cofferdams. An inclined brace is arranged on the reinforcing bottom rib. The top of the inclined brace is supported on the side formwork. Reinforced angle steels are arranged on the outside of the rolled steel cofferdam. Corner braces are arranged at the corners. Middle arc braces are arranged on the outside of the rolled steel cofferdam corresponding to the middle formwork. A supporting truss is arranged inside the intersection water bin. An extended truss brace is arranged between the front formwork and the supporting truss. A truss brace is arranged between the Z-shaped formwork, the middle formwork and the supporting truss. Top supports are arranged at the ends of the truss brace and the extended truss brace. The side formwork is installed on the embedded groove on the rolled steel cofferdam, and reinforced steel is arranged on the outside.

[0009] Preferably, the dismantling-free steel cofferdam system for the water gushing bin includes an air bag, a side formwork of the water gushing bin, a rolled steel cofferdam and a side formwork limiting plate. The side formwork limiting plate is fixed on the rolled steel cofferdam. Reinforced steel is arranged on the outer side of the side formwork of the water gushing bin, and a side formwork bottom plate is arranged on the bottom. The side formwork bottom plate is fixed by bolts. An inter-formwork reinforcing brace is arranged between the reinforced steel arranged on the outer side of the side formwork of the water gushing bin and the reinforced steel arranged on the outer side of the side formwork of the intersection water bin, and a cavity brace rod is arranged between the inter-formwork reinforcing braces.

[0010] Preferably, a bottom reinforcement frame and side limit steel are arranged on the back of the steel cover plate of the water gushing bin, a top reinforcement frame is arranged on the top, anti-floating anchor rods are arranged on both sides, anchor head protection plates are arranged on the top surface of the anti-floating anchor rods, pre-stressed steel strands are arranged on both sides of the long side direction of the steel cover plate of the water gushing bin, the bottom of the pre-stressed steel strands is fixed on the side form bottom plate, a cross pressure strip is arranged on the top of the intersection water gushing bin cover plate, anti-floating anchor rods are arranged on the end, and a channel steel back rib is arranged on the back.

[0011] The construction method of the permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install the water-conducting steel pipe and then install the heavy-duty steel bracket, and finally pour concrete to cover it; Step 2: forming a temporary water blocking steel cofferdam by post-dismantling the cofferdam and rolling the steel cofferdam; Step 3: Install the standardized formwork system of the intersection water silo inside the temporary blocking steel cofferdam, and finally pour the concrete of the intersection water silo; Step 4: Install the side form of the water gushing bin on the side form limiting plate on the curled steel cofferdam, install the airbag and pour concrete to form the water gushing bin; Step 5. Install the steel cover of the water silo on the water silo, install the intersection water silo cover on the upper part of the intersection water silo, and carry out the heavy concrete construction.

[0012] Preferably, in step three, the standardized formwork system of the intersection water bin includes a front formwork, a side formwork, a Z-shaped formwork and a middle formwork. The side formwork is installed on the embedded groove, and diagonal braces are arranged on the outside, and the bottom of the diagonal braces is supported on the reinforced bottom rib. A middle arc-shaped brace is arranged on the outside of the vertical rolled steel cofferdam, corner braces are arranged at the corners, and then a supporting truss is arranged in the middle.

[0013] Preferably, a side formwork limiting plate is provided on the rolled steel cofferdam, the side formwork of the water gushing bin is installed based on the side formwork limiting plate, and the bottom plate of the side formwork of the water gushing bin is fixed, an air bag is installed between the side forms of the water gushing bin, and finally concrete is poured to form the water gushing bin.

[0014] As a preferred method, after the construction of the steel cover of the water gushing bin and the intersection water gushing bin cover, anti-floating anchor rods are set on both sides of the steel cover of the water gushing bin, anchor head protection plates are set on the top surfaces of the anti-floating anchor rods, and pre-tensioned steel strands are set on both sides of the long sides of the steel cover of the water gushing bin; two layers of steel bars are arranged horizontally and vertically on the steel cover of the water gushing bin and the intersection water gushing bin cover, and cover weight concrete is poured, and the pouring top elevation is the designed tunnel bottom slab excavation elevation.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) The present invention adopts a water-conducting steel pipe pressure-type steel support to protect the water-conducting steel pipe. A water-conducting steel pipe base is arranged at the bottom of the water-conducting steel pipe, a special-shaped base is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-type steel support, and an anti-floating anchor rod is arranged under the special-shaped base, thereby improving the construction safety of the water-conducting steel pipe during drainage.

[0016] 2) The present invention has developed a standardized formwork system for intersection water bins, which uses a rolled steel cofferdam as the outer formwork of the intersection water bin, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the formwork support, and sets a supporting truss between the inner formworks to improve the stability of the formwork during the construction process.

[0017] 3) The present invention adopts a steel cofferdam system that does not require dismantling of the water gushing bin, adopts a rolled steel cofferdam as the outer formwork, and adopts an air bag as the inner formwork, which greatly improves the construction efficiency of the formwork support. The rolled steel cofferdam is used as a permanent formwork for the water gushing bin and the intersection water bin, achieving the goal of not requiring dismantling.

[0018] 4) The present invention adopts an anchor rod anti-floating steel cover plate. Pre-tensioned steel strands are arranged on both sides of the long side direction of the water gushing bin steel cover plate. The bottom of the pre-tensioned steel strands is fixed to the side form bottom plate. A cross pressure strip is arranged on the top of the intersection water gushing bin cover plate, and anti-floating anchor rods are arranged at the end, which improves the strength and stability of the steel cover plate and avoids deformation of the cover plate due to excessive overburden load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a heavy steel support for water-conducting steel pipes; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a group of supports for the heavy steel supports for water-conducting steel pipes; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the standardized template system of the intersection water tank; Figure 5 It is a detail drawing of the supporting truss; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the water sluice template; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the water tank cover; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top surface of the water sluice cover; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the intersection water tank cover.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Intersection water tank 2. Front template 3. Side template 4. Diagonal support rod 5. Strengthening bottom rib 6. Pre-embedded groove 7. Corner support rod 8. Z-shaped template 9. Middle template 10. Top support 11. Truss support rod 12. Extended truss support rod 13. Support truss 14. Middle arc support rod 15. Curled steel cofferdam 16. Reinforced steel 17. Template fixing bolt 18. Reinforced angle steel 19. Cavity support rod 20. Reinforced support between templates 21. Water gushing tank 22. Air bag 23. Water gushing tank side mold 24. Side mold Bottom plate 25. Side formwork limit plate 26. Anti-floating anchor rod 27. Pre-tensioned steel strand 28. Side limit steel 29. Top reinforcement frame 30. Bottom reinforcement frame 31. Water silo steel cover 32. Anchor head protection plate 33. Cross pressure strip 34. Intersection water silo cover 35. Channel steel back rib 36 Water guide steel pipe base 37. Water guide steel pipe 38. Top limit arc plate 39. Upper arc plate support 40. Connecting ear plate 41. Side limit arc plate 42. Heavy steel bracket 43. Special-shaped base 44. Lower arc plate support 45. Rear demolition cofferdam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. It should be noted that for ordinary persons in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be modified in some ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1 As an example, Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in water-rich stratum tunnels includes a temporary water blocking steel cofferdam, a water-conducting steel pipe pressure heavy steel support 42, a standardized template system for intersection water bins, a steel cofferdam system for water gushing bins that does not require dismantling, and an anchor rod anti-floating steel cover plate; like Figure 1 As shown, the temporary water blocking steel cofferdam includes a rolled steel cofferdam 15 and a rear demolition cofferdam 45, and the water-conducting steel pipe pressure-type steel bracket 42 is arranged on the outside of the water-conducting steel pipe 37; the intersection water bin standardized formwork system is arranged in the rolled steel cofferdam 15 for pouring the intersection water bin 1.

[0023] The water gushing bin non-dismantling steel cofferdam system is also arranged in the rolled steel cofferdam 15, which is used to cast the water gushing bin 21; the rolled steel cofferdam 15 serves as a permanent template for the water gushing bin 21 and the intersection water bin 1, and does not need to be dismantled, and the post-dismantling cofferdam 45 is dismantled after construction.

[0024] The anchor anti-floating steel cover plate includes a water gushing bin steel cover plate 31 and an intersection water bin cover plate 34 .

[0025] Embodiment 2 As another embodiment, this embodiment 2 proposes, based on the embodiment 1, a more specific permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel: like Figure 2 As shown, the water-conducting steel pipe pressure-heavy steel bracket 42 is composed of two groups on the left and right. A water-conducting steel pipe base 36 is arranged at the bottom of the water-conducting steel pipe 37, a special-shaped base 43 is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-heavy steel bracket 42, an anti-floating anchor rod 26 and a diagonal strut rod 4 are arranged on the special-shaped base, and a diagonal strut rod 4 is arranged above the special-shaped base 43. A side limiting arc plate 41 and a lower arc plate support 44 are arranged in the middle part of the water-conducting steel pipe pressure-heavy steel bracket 42, an upper arc plate support 39 is arranged on the upper part, and a fixed limiting arc plate 38 is arranged on the top of the water-conducting steel pipe 37. The two groups of brackets are connected by connecting ear plates 40 and bolts.

[0026] The standardized template system of the intersection water bin includes a rolled steel cofferdam 15, a front end template 2, a side template 3, a Z-shaped template, a middle template 9 and template fixing bolts 17. The rolled steel cofferdam 15 is used as the outer template of the intersection water bin. A reinforcing bottom rib 5 is arranged between the two rolled steel cofferdams. An inclined brace 4 is arranged on the reinforcing bottom rib 5. The top of the inclined brace is supported on the side template 3. A reinforcing angle steel 18 is arranged on the outer side of the rolled steel cofferdam 15, and a corner brace 7 is arranged at the corner. A middle arc brace 14 is arranged on the outer side of the middle template 9 corresponding to the rolled steel cofferdam. A supporting truss 13 is arranged inside the intersection water bin. An extended truss brace 12 is arranged between the front end template 2 and the supporting truss 13. A truss brace 11 is arranged between the Z-shaped template and the middle template 9 and the supporting truss 13. A top support 10 is arranged at the ends of the truss brace and the extended truss brace 12. The side template 3 is installed on the embedded groove 6 on the rolled steel cofferdam 15, and a reinforcing steel 16 is arranged on the outer side.

[0027] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same or similar to those in the first embodiment can be referenced to each other and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0028] Embodiment 3 As another embodiment, this embodiment 3 proposes, based on the embodiments 1 and 2, a more specific permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel: like Figure 4 As shown, the water gushing bin dismantling-free steel cofferdam system includes an air bag 22, a water gushing bin side form 23, a rolled steel cofferdam 15 and a side form limiting plate 25. The side form limiting plate 25 is fixed on the rolled steel cofferdam 15. A reinforcing steel 16 is arranged on the outer side of the water gushing bin side form 23. A side form bottom plate 24 is arranged on the bottom. The side form bottom plate 24 is fixed by bolts. An inter-form reinforcement brace 20 is arranged between the reinforcing steel 16 arranged on the outer side of the water gushing bin side form 23 and the reinforcing steel 16 arranged on the outer side of the intersection water bin side form 3. A cavity brace rod 19 is arranged between the inter-form reinforcement braces.

[0029] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the anchor anti-floating steel cover includes a water gushing bin steel cover 31 and an intersection water gushing bin cover 34, a bottom reinforcement frame 30 and a side limit steel 28 are arranged on the back of the water gushing bin steel cover 31, a top reinforcement frame 29 is arranged on the top, anti-floating anchor rods 26 are arranged on both sides, an anchor head protection plate 32 is arranged on the top surface of the anti-floating anchor rods, pre-tensioned steel strands 27 are arranged on both sides of the long side direction of the water gushing bin steel cover 31, and the bottom of the pre-tensioned steel strands is fixed on the side mold bottom plate 24, the intersection water gushing bin cover 34 is assembled from multiple pieces, a cross pressure strip 33 is arranged on the top, anti-floating anchor rods 26 are arranged on the end, and a channel steel back rib 35 is arranged on the back.

[0030] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same or similar to those in Embodiments 1 and 2 can be referenced to each other and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0031] Embodiment 4 As another embodiment, this embodiment 4 proposes, based on embodiments 1 to 3, a construction method of such a permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel, comprising the following steps: Step 1, installation of water-conducting steel pipe: When installing the water-conducting steel pipe 37, first level the cushion layer at the bottom of the installation groove, then install the water-conducting steel pipe base 36, install the heavy-duty steel bracket 42 on both sides of the water-conducting steel pipe 37, and fix it by connecting the ear plate 40 and bolts, then construct the anti-floating anchor rod 26 on the special-shaped base, and the diagonal brace rod 4 finally adjust the side limit arc plate 41, the upper arc plate support 39 and the lower arc plate support 44, and finally pour concrete to cover it.

[0032] Step 2: Construction of temporary water blocking steel cofferdam: A temporary water blocking steel cofferdam is formed by constructing the rear dismantling cofferdam 45 and the rolled edge steel cofferdam 15.

[0033] Step 3, construction of intersection water tank: install the front formwork 2, side formwork 3, Z-shaped formwork 8 and middle formwork 9 in sequence inside the temporary blocking steel cofferdam and connect them through bolts. The side formwork 3 is installed on the embedded groove 6, and an oblique brace 4 is arranged on the outside. The bottom of the oblique brace 4 is supported on the reinforced bottom rib 5. A middle arc-shaped brace 14 is arranged on the outside of the vertical rolled steel cofferdam 15, and corner braces 7 are arranged at the corners. Then a supporting truss 13 is arranged in the middle, and reinforced truss braces and truss braces 11 are arranged at intervals. Finally, concrete pouring is carried out.

[0034] Step 4, water gushing bin construction: install the water gushing bin side form 23 on the side form limiting plate 25 on the rolled steel cofferdam 15, and fix the side form bottom plate 24 of the water gushing bin side form 23, then set the inter-form reinforcement support 20 between the two reinforced steel sections 16, set the cavity support rod 19 between the inter-form reinforcement support 20, then install the air bag 22 in the middle position, and finally pour concrete to form the water gushing bin.

[0035] Step 5, installation of anchor anti-floating steel cover: install the water sluice steel cover 31 on the water sluice, install the intersection water sluice cover 34 on the upper part of the intersection water sluice, construct the anti-floating anchor 26 and the pre-tensioned steel strand 27, and install the anchor head protection plate 32 on the anchor head.

[0036] Heavy concrete construction: two layers of steel bars are arranged horizontally and vertically on the steel cover plate 31 of the water silo and the cover plate 34 of the intersection water silo, and concrete is poured. The pouring top elevation is the designed tunnel bottom plate excavation elevation.

[0037] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same or similar to those in Embodiments 1 to 3 can be referenced to each other and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0038] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

Claims

1. A permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in water-rich stratum tunnels, characterized by: It includes temporary water blocking steel cofferdam, water conducting steel pipe pressure heavy steel support, intersection water tank standardized formwork system, water gushing tank non-dismantling steel cofferdam system and anchor anti-floating steel cover plate; The temporary water blocking steel cofferdam includes a rolled steel cofferdam and a post-removal cofferdam. The heavy steel bracket for the water-conducting steel pipe is arranged outside the water-conducting steel pipe; the standardized template system for the intersection water bin is arranged in the rolled steel cofferdam for pouring the intersection water bin; the water gushing bin non-removal steel cofferdam system is also arranged in the rolled steel cofferdam for pouring the water gushing bin; the rolled steel cofferdam serves as a permanent template for the water gushing bin and the intersection water bin; The anchor rod anti-floating steel cover plate includes a water gushing bin steel cover plate and an intersection water gushing bin cover plate.

2. The permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heavy-duty steel support for water-conducting steel pipe pressure comprises two groups of left and right supports, a water-conducting steel pipe base is arranged at the bottom of the water-conducting steel pipe, a special-shaped base is arranged at the lower part of the heavy-duty steel support, an anti-floating anchor rod is arranged below the special-shaped base, an inclined support rod is arranged above the special-shaped base, a side limit arc plate and a lower arc plate support are arranged in the middle part of the heavy-duty steel support for water-conducting steel pipe pressure, an upper arc plate support is arranged at the upper part, a fixed limit arc plate is arranged on the top of the water-conducting steel pipe, and the two groups of supports are connected by connecting ear plates and bolts.

3. The permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The standardized formwork system of the intersection water bin includes a front formwork, a side formwork, a Z-shaped formwork, a middle formwork and formwork fixing bolts. The rolled steel cofferdam serves as the outer formwork of the intersection water bin. A reinforcing bottom rib is arranged between the two rolled steel cofferdams. An inclined brace is arranged on the reinforcing bottom rib. The top of the inclined brace is supported on the side formwork. Reinforced angle steel is arranged on the outer side of the rolled steel cofferdam. Corner braces are arranged at the corners. A middle arc brace is arranged on the outer side of the rolled steel cofferdam corresponding to the middle formwork. A supporting truss is arranged inside the intersection water bin. An extended truss brace is arranged between the front formwork and the supporting truss. A truss brace is arranged between the Z-shaped formwork, the middle formwork and the supporting truss. Top supports are arranged at the ends of the truss brace and the extended truss brace. The side formwork is installed on the embedded groove on the rolled steel cofferdam, and reinforced steel is arranged on the outer side.

4. The permanent and temporary drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dismantling-free steel cofferdam system for the water gushing bin comprises an air bag, a side formwork of the water gushing bin, a rolled steel cofferdam and a side formwork limiting plate, wherein the side formwork limiting plate is fixed on the rolled steel cofferdam, a reinforcing steel is arranged on the outer side of the side formwork of the water gushing bin, a side formwork bottom plate is arranged on the bottom, the side formwork bottom plate is fixed by bolts, an inter-formwork reinforcing brace is arranged between the reinforcing steel arranged on the outer side of the side formwork of the water gushing bin and the reinforcing steel arranged on the outer side of the side formwork of the intersection water bin, and a cavity brace rod is arranged between the inter-formwork reinforcing braces.

5. The permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A bottom reinforcement frame and side limit steel are arranged on the back of the steel cover plate of the water gushing bin, a top reinforcement frame is arranged on the top, anti-floating anchor rods are arranged on both sides, and anchor head protection plates are arranged on the top surface of the anti-floating anchor rods. Pre-tensioned steel strands are arranged on both sides of the long side direction of the steel cover plate of the water gushing bin, and the bottom of the pre-tensioned steel strands is fixed on the bottom plate of the side formwork. A cross pressure strip is arranged on the top of the intersection water gushing bin cover plate, anti-floating anchor rods are arranged on the end, and a channel steel back rib is arranged on the back.

6. The construction method of a permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install the water-conducting steel pipe and then install the heavy-duty steel bracket, and finally pour concrete to cover it; Step 2: Form a temporary water blocking steel cofferdam by post-dismantling the cofferdam and constructing the rolled steel cofferdam; Step 3: Install the standardized formwork system of the intersection water silo inside the temporary blocking steel cofferdam, and finally pour the concrete of the intersection water silo; Step 4: Install the side form of the water gushing bin on the side form limiting plate on the curled steel cofferdam, install the airbag and pour concrete to form the water gushing bin; Step 5. Install the steel cover of the water silo on the water silo, install the intersection water silo cover on the upper part of the intersection water silo, and carry out the heavy concrete construction.

7. The construction method of the permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step three, the standardized formwork system of the intersection water bin includes a front formwork, a side formwork, a Z-shaped formwork and a middle formwork. The side formwork is installed on the embedded groove, and a diagonal brace is arranged on the outside. The bottom of the diagonal brace is supported on the reinforced bottom rib. A middle arc-shaped brace is arranged on the outside of the vertical rolled steel cofferdam, and corner braces are arranged at the corners, and then a supporting truss is arranged in the middle.

8. The construction method of the permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A side formwork limiting plate is provided on the rolled steel cofferdam, the side formwork of the water gushing bin is installed based on the side formwork limiting plate, and the bottom plate of the side formwork of the water gushing bin is fixed, an air bag is installed between the side forms of the water gushing bin, and finally concrete is poured to form the water gushing bin.

9. The construction method of the permanent and temporary combined drainage system for large-flow groundwater in a water-rich stratum tunnel according to claim 6 is characterized in that: After the construction of the steel cover of the water gushing bin and the intersection water gushing bin cover, anti-floating anchor rods are set on both sides of the steel cover of the water gushing bin, anchor head protection plates are set on the top of the anti-floating anchor rods, and pre-tensioned steel strands are set on both sides of the long side of the steel cover of the water gushing bin; two layers of steel bars are arranged horizontally and vertically on the steel cover of the water gushing bin and the intersection water gushing bin cover, and the cover weight concrete is poured. The pouring top elevation is the designed tunnel bottom slab excavation elevation.

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