A high-disturbance nozzle structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-disturbance spray boom structure based on plasma-excited coupled aerodynamically assisted atomization, relating to the field of afterburner technology for aero-engines. It includes: a shell with an air inlet; a fuel pipe with a fuel delivery channel; the fuel pipe extending into the shell and forming an air channel with it; a first insulating platform with a collision atomization zone and an atomization development zone; the first insulating platform is connected to the output end of the fuel pipe, and its neck has several fuel-gas atomization channels; a second insulating platform with a plasma discharge region; the second insulating platform is snapped into the first insulating platform; a high-voltage electrode located between the first and second insulating platforms; and a grounding electrode located between the second insulating platform and the shell. This invention employs the coupling of plasma excitation with aerodynamically assisted atomization and cross-collision to perform three consecutive actions on the fuel spray, thereby improving the fuel atomization performance of the high-disturbance spray boom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of afterburner technology for aero-engines, and specifically to a high-disturbance nozzle structure based on plasma-excited coupled aerodynamic assisted atomization. Background Technology

[0002] When using afterburner technology in an afterburner, the distribution of fuel within the combustion chamber becomes a key factor affecting combustion performance. The atomization quality of the fuel is directly related to the stable combustion characteristics and ignition performance of the afterburner; therefore, the nozzle, as a core component of the afterburner, is of paramount importance. Compared to the nozzle design in the main combustion chamber, the nozzle structure in the afterburner is simpler, and direct-injection nozzles are widely used due to their simple structure and ease of manufacturing.

[0003] However, with the continuous improvement of aero-engine performance requirements, the inlet temperature of afterburners is constantly rising while the oxygen content is gradually decreasing, which undoubtedly brings new challenges to the design of afterburners. While direct-injection nozzles have the advantages of simple structure and easy manufacturing, their small jet angle and limited fuel distribution span make it difficult to achieve uniform fuel atomization over short distances. This results in significant differences in combustion performance among the annularly arranged nozzles within the afterburner, poor flame coupling, and a tendency for carbon buildup and erosion within the combustion chamber, thus failing to meet the high-performance requirements of the next-generation integrated afterburner.

[0004] Given the complex structure and harsh operating conditions of aero-engine combustion chambers, plasma technology has increasingly attracted widespread attention from scholars both domestically and internationally in recent years. The development of this technology has provided new ideas and directions for the further improvement and optimization of aero-engine nozzles.

[0005] Chinese invention patent application CN202211507704.9, entitled "A Fuel Injector Rod and Fuel Injection Device," enables the embedding of multiple self-excited sweeping fuel nozzle channels within the size limitations of the original straight-hole fuel injector rod, while ensuring that its flow resistance is comparable to that of the original rod. However, its disadvantages include a complex fuel circuit, and the tendency for coking and carbon deposits to form inside the injector rod, which can then clog the fuel circuit.

[0006] Chinese invention patent application number 202211638301.8, entitled "An Integrated Air-Cooled Direct-Injection Spray Boom," describes a design that isolates the spray boom body from the high-temperature combustion gases within a cooling chamber by incorporating a cooling cavity between the boom body and a heat shield, thereby effectively reducing the boom body's temperature. However, its drawback is that the structural design does not improve the atomization performance of the spray boom, resulting in a relatively poor atomization effect. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatic assisted atomization, which improves fuel atomization performance and prevents fuel from coking at high temperatures in the fuel delivery channel.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is: a high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization, comprising:

[0009] The outer casing has an air inlet.

[0010] The fuel line has a fuel delivery channel; the fuel line extends into the housing and forms an air passage with the housing, which is connected to the air inlet.

[0011] The first insulating platform has a collision atomization zone and an atomization development zone; the first insulating platform is connected to the fuel pipeline output end, and its neck is provided with several oil and gas atomization channels.

[0012] The second insulating platform has a plasma discharge region, which is connected to the atomization development zone and the nozzle of the spray bar on the outer shell; the second insulating platform is snapped into the first insulating platform.

[0013] The high-voltage electrode is located between the first insulating platform and the second insulating platform;

[0014] The grounding electrode is located between the second insulating platform and the outer casing.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel pipeline output end has a end face fuel injection hole and a side fuel injection hole, wherein the end face fuel injection hole is connected to the collision atomization zone, and the side fuel injection hole is connected to the air passage.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, fuel enters the fuel delivery channel from the fuel inlet, and then flows through the end face fuel injection hole and the side fuel injection hole respectively, and enters the combustion chamber in the form of fuel mist.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when fuel is injected into the air passage from the side fuel injection hole, the fuel mixes with the outside air in the form of oil mist; the mixed oil-air mixture is ejected through the oil-air atomization channel of the upper insulating platform and collides with the fuel liquid column ejected from the fuel end face injection hole at the collision atomization zone. At this time, the fuel is subjected to the aerodynamic force and collision force of the oil-air mixture.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, outside air flows from the air inlet through the air channel into the oil-gas atomization channel, and mixes with the fuel sprayed from the end face fuel injection hole in the collision atomization zone.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil-gas mixture further formed in the collision atomization zone continues to develop along the airflow direction, and the fuel droplets and the oil-gas mixture pass through the atomization development zone to form a homogeneous mixture.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the homogeneous mixed gas flows through the plasma discharge region, the plasma power supply is turned on, and a dielectric barrier discharge is formed between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode. The plasma generated by the discharge contains a large number of active particles and high-energy electrons. The chemical effect of the active particles and high-energy electrons further breaks the fuel droplets into smaller droplets, thereby forming a plasma-excited homogeneous mixed gas that is ejected from the nozzle of the spray bar.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plasma-excited mixture carrying a large number of active particles and high-energy electrons enters the combustion chamber in the form of a spray.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking plate at the output end of the fuel pipeline extends into the groove of the first insulating plate.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel line is mounted on the housing via a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket has a through hole through which the fuel line passes.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0025] (1) By coupling plasma excitation with pneumatic assisted atomization and cross collision, the fuel spray is subjected to three consecutive actions, which improves the fuel atomization performance of the high-disturbance spray bar.

[0026] (2) In order to prevent the fuel in the oil delivery channel from coking at high temperature, outside air was introduced so that the entire spray bar was cooled by the airflow.

[0027] (3) By using air plasma discharge, a large number of active particles can be generated. These active particles are sprayed into the combustion chamber together with the fuel spray, which can not only improve the ignition performance and combustion efficiency of the fuel spray, but also enhance its combustion stability. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-disturbance nozzle structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatic-assisted atomization;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the atomization process of a high-disturbance nozzle structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatic-assisted atomization.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of a high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatic-assisted atomization;

[0032] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-disturbance nozzle structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatic-assisted atomization.

[0033] The numbers in the diagram are explained as follows: 1. Fuel inlet, 2. End cap, 3. Outer shell, 4. First insulating platform, 5. High voltage electrode, 6. Grounding electrode, 7. Second insulating platform, 8. Air inlet, 9. Fixing base, 10. Fuel pipe, 11. Fuel delivery channel, 12. End face fuel injection hole, 13. Collision atomization zone, 14. Atomization development zone, 15. Active particles, 16. Spray bar nozzle, 17. Plasma discharge area, 18. Oil and gas atomization channel, 19. Air channel, 20. Side fuel injection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0035] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly specified. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise expressly specified.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] To address the problems of low atomization performance of fuel injectors in existing technologies, easy coking of fuel within the injector due to high ambient temperature, difficulty in ignition in the afterburner, and low combustion efficiency, this embodiment provides a high-disturbance injector structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0040] The outer casing can be made of metal, with an air inlet and a spray bar nozzle at the output end;

[0041] The fuel line can be made of metal and has a fuel delivery channel; the fuel line extends into the housing and forms an air passage with the housing, which is connected to the air inlet; the fuel line output end has a face fuel injection hole and a side fuel injection hole, wherein the face fuel injection hole is connected to the collision atomization zone and the side fuel injection hole is connected to the air passage.

[0042] The first insulating platform can be made of high-temperature resistant insulating materials such as ceramics, and has a collision atomization zone and an atomization development zone; the groove of the first insulating platform is embedded with a mounting plate for the fuel pipeline output end, and its neck is provided with several oil and gas atomization channels.

[0043] The second insulating platform can also be made of high-temperature resistant insulating materials such as ceramics, and has a plasma discharge region. This plasma discharge region is connected to the atomization development region and the nozzle of the spray bar on the outer shell, respectively. The second insulating platform is snapped into the first insulating platform.

[0044] The high-voltage electrode is located between the first insulating platform and the second insulating platform;

[0045] The grounding electrode is located between the second insulating platform and the outer casing;

[0046] A mounting base is provided at the end of the housing. The mounting base has a through hole for the fuel pipe to pass through, which applies circumferential and axial constraints to the fuel pipe 10 to ensure a good fit between the fuel pipe 10 and the first insulating platform 4.

[0047] An end cap is located on one side of the mounting base. The end cap has a through hole through which the fuel line passes. Fasteners pass through the end cap, the mounting base, and are connected to the outer casing.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, fuel enters the fuel supply channel 11 from the fuel inlet 1, and then flows through the end face fuel injection hole 12 and the side fuel injection hole 20 respectively, entering the combustion chamber in the form of fuel mist. When fuel is injected into the air channel 19 from the side fuel injection hole 12, the fuel will mix with the outside air in the form of fuel mist; the initial fuel-air mixture is then sprayed out through the fuel-air atomization channel 18 in the first insulating platform 4, and collides with the fuel liquid column sprayed from the fuel end face injection hole 12 at the collision atomization zone 13. Under the dual excitation of the aerodynamic action and collision action of the fuel-air mixture, the fuel can not only ensure a good atomization effect, but also further enhance the mixing of fuel droplets with air.

[0049] Outside air flows from the air inlet through the air channel into the oil-gas atomization channel, where it mixes with the fuel sprayed from the fuel injection holes on the end face in the collision atomization zone. Throughout the operation, the outside air cools the spray bar to prevent fuel coking, and also utilizes the aerodynamic effect of high-speed airflow to achieve aerodynamic atomization. Simultaneously, it provides carrier gas for plasma discharge.

[0050] The oil-gas mixture ejected from the oil-gas atomization channel 18 collides with the fuel ejected from the fuel injection hole 12 on the end face. The oil-gas mixture further develops in the collision atomization zone 13 along the airflow direction. The fuel droplets and the oil-gas mixture flow through the atomization development zone 14, where they are fully mixed, forming a good homogeneous mixture that further develops downwards. When the homogeneous mixture flows through the plasma discharge zone 17, the plasma power supply is turned on, such as... Figure 3As shown, a dielectric barrier discharge is formed between the high-voltage electrode 5 and the grounding electrode 6. The plasma generated by the discharge contains a large number of active particles 15 and high-energy electrons. The chemical effect of the active particles 15 and high-energy electrons further breaks the fuel droplets into even smaller droplets, thus forming a plasma-excited homogeneous mixture. The plasma-excited homogeneous mixture is ejected from the nozzle 16 of the spray bar. At this time, the fuel droplet size of the plasma homogeneous mixture is very small, and due to the thermal effect of the plasma, the evaporation process on the surface of the fuel droplets is accelerated. At the same time, the mixture also carries a large number of active particles 15 and high-energy electrons. This solves the problem of poor excitation effect on insufficiently atomized fuel columns when using low-temperature plasma to excite fuel atomization alone. Within a limited space, the fuel is broken down step by step from a liquid column into small droplets that can be excited by the dielectric barrier discharge plasma. Then, through plasma excitation, a plasma-excited mixture with good atomization performance is finally ejected, thereby improving ignition characteristics and combustion performance.

[0051] When a plasma-excited mixture carrying a large number of active particles and high-energy electrons enters the combustion chamber in the form of a spray, its excellent atomization and the presence of active particles effectively improve both the engine's ignition performance and the fuel's combustion performance. A large number of active particles are generated using low-temperature plasma discharge. These active particles can be used to assist fuel atomization and are also injected into the combustion chamber along with the fuel spray, improving the ignition performance and combustion efficiency of the fuel spray.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, this invention employs a combination of plasma excitation, pneumatic-assisted atomization, and cross-collision to perform three consecutive actions on the fuel spray, thereby improving the fuel atomization performance of the high-disturbance spray boom. The active particles generated by plasma discharge can greatly enhance the ignition performance and combustion stability of the fuel spray.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization, characterized in that, include: The outer casing has an air inlet. Fuel pipelines, which have fuel delivery channels; The fuel line extends into the housing and forms an air passage with the housing, which is connected to the air inlet; The first insulating platform has a collision atomization zone and an atomization development zone; the first insulating platform is connected to the fuel pipeline output end, and its neck is provided with several oil and gas atomization channels. The second insulating platform has a plasma discharge region, which is connected to the atomization development zone and the nozzle of the spray bar on the outer shell; the second insulating platform is snapped into the first insulating platform. The high-voltage electrode is located between the first insulating platform and the second insulating platform; The grounding electrode is located between the second insulating platform and the outer casing.

2. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel pipeline output end has a face fuel injection hole and a side fuel injection hole, wherein the face fuel injection hole is connected to the collision atomization zone, and the side fuel injection hole is connected to the air passage.

3. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that, Fuel enters the fuel supply channel from the fuel inlet, and then flows through the end face fuel injection hole and the side fuel injection hole respectively, entering the combustion chamber in the form of fuel mist.

4. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that, When fuel is injected into the air passage from the side fuel nozzle, the fuel mixes with the outside air in the form of fuel mist. The mixed fuel-air mixture is ejected through the fuel-air atomization channel of the upper insulating platform and collides with the fuel liquid column ejected from the fuel end nozzle at the collision atomization zone. At this time, the fuel is subjected to the aerodynamic force and collision force of the fuel-air mixture.

5. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, Outside air flows from the air inlet through the air channel into the oil-gas atomization channel, where it mixes with the fuel sprayed from the fuel injection hole on the end face in the collision atomization zone.

6. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil-gas mixture further developed in the collision atomization zone continues to develop along the airflow direction. The fuel droplets and the oil-gas mixture pass through the atomization development zone to form a homogeneous mixture.

7. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the homogeneous mixed gas flows through the plasma discharge region, the plasma power supply is turned on, forming a dielectric barrier discharge between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode. The plasma generated by the discharge contains a large number of active particles and high-energy electrons. The chemical effect of the active particles and high-energy electrons further breaks the fuel droplets into even smaller droplets, thereby forming a plasma-excited homogeneous mixed gas, which is then ejected from the nozzle of the injector.

8. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plasma-excited mixture carrying a large number of active particles and high-energy electrons enters the combustion chamber in the form of a spray.

9. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate at the output end of the fuel line extends into the groove of the first insulating platform.

10. The high-disturbance spray bar structure based on plasma-excited coupled pneumatically assisted atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel line is mounted on the housing via a mounting bracket, which has a through hole through which the fuel line passes.

Images