Refrigerating system for cooling multiple cold optical components

Abstract

The invention discloses a refrigerating system for cooling multiple cold optical components, and relates to the technical field of refrigerating systems, the refrigerating system comprises a cold source module, a pumping module, an optical component and connecting pipelines, a cold head of the cold source module is communicated with an inlet of the pumping module through the connecting pipeline, and an outlet of the pumping module is communicated with the cold head through the connecting pipeline; all hot end elements in the optical assembly are installed on a connecting pipeline between the cold head and an inlet of the pumping module, the interior of the connecting pipeline is used for circulating a transportation working medium, the interior of the cold head is filled with a porous medium layer, and the porous medium layer can exchange heat with the transportation working medium in the connecting pipeline. The optical assembly comprises a plurality of hot end elements and a plurality of groups of optical lenses, the plurality of hot end elements and the plurality of groups of optical lenses are in one-to-one correspondence, a plurality of channels for exchanging heat with the transportation working medium in the connecting pipeline are arranged in the hot end elements, and the exteriors of the hot end elements are in low-thermal-resistance coupling with the optical lenses. According to the invention, simultaneous cooling of multiple optical assemblies can be realized, and the cooling efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration systems, and in particular to a refrigeration system for cooling multiple cold optical components. Background Art

[0002] Cold optical multi-component refrigeration systems have important applications in the fields of precision scientific instruments, astronomical observation equipment, and high-performance imaging systems. With the increasing demand for higher precision and stability, the development of cold optical technology is also advancing. Multi-component refrigeration system technology has developed modern advanced refrigeration technology based on traditional liquid nitrogen cooling systems and thermoelectric coolers. Among them, liquid nitrogen cooling technology is one of the earliest solutions used in cold optical systems, which can reduce the temperature to the liquid nitrogen temperature range. Although this method has achieved certain success in the early days, its operation is complicated and the maintenance cost is high. Among them, thermoelectric refrigeration technology is a solid-state cooling method with the advantages of no vibration, small size, and easy control, but its refrigeration efficiency is low, especially in high-power application scenarios, and it is difficult to meet the overall needs of multi-component systems.

[0003] In recent years, pulse tube refrigerators have gradually become one of the mainstream technologies for cold optical systems. They can achieve low-temperature cooling without moving parts and have the characteristics of long life and high reliability. However, since there are multiple optical components that need to be cooled in a general optical system, the use of copper connecting pipes to transfer cold between the cold head and the optical system has the following technical problems: (1) Slow cooling speed: When copper connecting pipes are used to connect the cold head to multiple optical components, the multiple copper connecting pipes are heavy and have large heat capacity, resulting in slow cooling; (2) Large heat transfer temperature difference and poor temperature uniformity: When each optical component needs to be cooled, except for a few that can be close to the cold head, most optical components are far away from the cold head, resulting in large heat transfer temperature difference and poor temperature uniformity. The above problems ultimately limit the overall performance of the system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, realize simultaneous cooling of multiple optical components, and have high cooling efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a refrigeration system for cooling cold optical multiple components, comprising a cold source module, a pumping module, an optical component and a connecting pipeline, wherein the cold head of the cold source module and the inlet of the pumping module, as well as the outlet of the pumping module and the cold head are connected through the connecting pipeline, each hot end element in the optical component is installed on the connecting pipeline between the cold head and the inlet of the pumping module, and the connecting pipeline is used for circulating a transport medium, the cold head is filled with a porous medium layer, and the porous medium layer can exchange heat with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline; the optical component comprises a plurality of the hot end elements and a plurality of groups of optical lenses, the plurality of the hot end elements and the plurality of groups of optical lenses correspond one to one, and the interior of the hot end element has a plurality of channels for exchanging heat with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline, and the exterior of the hot end element is coupled with the optical lens with low thermal resistance.

[0006] Preferably, the cold source module is a pulse tube refrigerator, which includes a shell, a pulse tube cold finger, and a refrigeration drive component and a phase adjustment mechanism located in the shell, an expansion cavity is formed inside the shell, the refrigeration drive component can reciprocate, the phase adjustment mechanism is integrated inside the refrigeration drive component, and the phase adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the phase, the gas generated by the reciprocating motion of the refrigeration drive component can enter the pulse tube cold finger, the pulse tube cold finger is used for cooling, the cold head is arranged in the pulse tube cold finger, and the cold head is used to provide a cold source.

[0007] Preferably, the refrigeration drive component is an AC linear compressor, which is driven by a moving magnet linear motor and has a symmetrical structure. The AC linear compressor is used to provide gas with alternating pressure fluctuations to the pulse tube cold finger.

[0008] Preferably, the pulse tube cold finger includes the cold head, a pulse tube, a regenerator and a hot-end heat exchanger, the regenerator is installed between the cold head and the hot-end heat exchanger, the hot-end heat exchanger is located on the side of the regenerator away from the cold head, the cold head is located on the other side of the regenerator, the porous medium layer is installed in the cold head, the pulse tube is installed in the regenerator, one end of the pulse tube extends into the hot-end heat exchanger, the other end of the pulse tube extends into the cold head, and the pulse tube can be connected to the interior of the expansion cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the pumping module is a DC linear compressor, which includes a driving component, a cylinder body, and a one-way valve group installed at the inlet and outlet of the cylinder body. The one-way valve group can realize the unidirectional introduction of the transport medium in the connecting pipeline into the cylinder body, and the unidirectional export of the transport medium in the cylinder body to the connecting pipeline. The two groups of driving components are symmetrically arranged, and the two groups of driving components can move toward or away from each other and realize the pumping of the transport medium.

[0010] Preferably, the driving component includes a moving piston body, a motor assembly and a leaf spring, the motor assembly is connected to the moving piston body, and the motor assembly is used to drive the moving piston body to reciprocate, the leaf spring is connected to the moving piston body, the leaf spring is used to provide radial support and axial restoring force for the moving piston body, and the moving piston body can form a gap seal with the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0011] Preferably, the one-way valve group includes an intake valve and an exhaust valve, and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both installed on the side wall of the cylinder body, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both connected to the connecting pipeline, and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both located between the two driving components.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting pipeline is made of annealed stainless steel pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the transport medium is cold nitrogen.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: The refrigeration system for cooling cold optical multi-components provided by the present invention comprises a cold source module, a pumping module, an optical component and a connecting pipeline. The cold source module is used for refrigeration, and the pumping module is used for realizing the circulation transportation of the transport medium, realizing the transportation of the transport medium at the cold end to the hot end, thereby expanding the application field of the pumping module. The cold head of the cold source module and the inlet of the pumping module, as well as the outlet of the pumping module and the cold head are connected through the connecting pipeline. Each hot end element in the optical component is installed on the connecting pipeline between the cold head and the inlet of the pumping module, and then heat is exchanged with the low-temperature transport medium through multiple hot end elements, and then low-thermal resistance coupling is performed with the outside and the optical lens in the optical component, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, it can also realize the simultaneous cooling of multiple optical components, and the connecting pipeline is used for circulating the transport medium, thereby realizing the cooling of cold optical multi-components in a compact space; the cold head is filled with a porous medium layer, and the porous medium layer can exchange heat with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency and effectively providing cooling for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the refrigeration system used for cooling multiple components of cold optics in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cold source module in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pumping module in the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of multiple optical components in the present invention; In the figure: 1-cold source module, 101-pulse tube cold finger, 111-cold head, 112-pulse tube, 113-porous medium layer, 114-regenerator, 115-hot end heat exchanger, 102-refrigeration drive component, 103-phase adjustment mechanism; 2-pumping module, 201-one-way valve group, 202-moving piston body, 203-motor assembly, 204-leaf spring, 205-cylinder body; 3-optical assembly, 301-hot end element, 302-optical lens; 4-connecting pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and realize simultaneous cooling of multiple optical components with high cooling efficiency.

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics, including a cold source module 1, a pumping module 2, an optical component 3 and a connecting pipe 4. The cold source module 1 is used for refrigeration, and the pumping module 2 is used to realize the circulation transportation of the transport medium, so as to realize the transportation of the transport medium at the cold end to the hot end, thereby expanding the application field of the pumping module 2. The cold head 111 of the cold source module 1 and the inlet of the pumping module 2, as well as the outlet of the pumping module 2 and the cold head 111 are all connected through the connecting pipe 4. Each hot end element 301 in the optical component 3 is installed at the cold head 111 and the inlet of the pumping module 2. On the connecting pipeline 4 between them, heat is exchanged with the low-temperature transport medium through multiple hot-end elements 301, and then low-thermal resistance coupling is performed with the external optical lens 302 in the optical component 3, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, it can also realize the simultaneous cooling of multiple optical components 3, and the connecting pipeline 4 is used for circulating the transport medium, thereby realizing the cooling of multiple cold optical components in a compact space; the cold head 111 is filled with a porous medium layer 113, and the porous medium layer 113 can exchange heat with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline 4, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency and effectively providing cooling for a long time.

[0021] Specifically, the cold source module 1 is a pulse tube refrigerator, which includes a shell, a pulse tube cold finger 101, and a refrigeration drive component 102 and a phase adjustment mechanism 103 located in the shell. An expansion cavity is formed inside the shell. The refrigeration drive component 102 can reciprocate. The phase adjustment mechanism 103 is integrated inside the refrigeration drive component 102, and the phase adjustment mechanism 103 is used to adjust the phase. The phase adjustment mechanism 103 in this embodiment is a free piston phase adjustment mechanism, which adopts a nested structure, including but not limited to other integrated structures. The phase adjustment mechanism 10 3 passes through the compression piston of the refrigeration driving component 102 in the form of a through rod, and forms a gap seal with the compression piston and the cavity of the phase-adjusting piston, which is consistent with the working principle of the traditional phase modulator, as a free piston phase adjustment, and the phase-adjusting mechanism 103 is not connected to the motor of the AC linear compressor, so as to adjust the phase and improve the refrigeration efficiency. The gas generated by the reciprocating motion of the refrigeration driving component 102 can enter the pulse tube cold finger 101, and the pulse tube cold finger 101 is used for refrigeration. The cold head 111 is arranged in the pulse tube cold finger 101, and the cold head 111 is used to provide a cold source.

[0022] The refrigeration drive component 102 is an AC linear compressor, which is driven by a moving magnet linear motor and has a symmetrical structure. The AC linear compressor is used to provide high-temperature and high-pressure gas with alternating pressure fluctuations to the pulse tube cold finger 101, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas with alternating pressure fluctuations provided by the AC linear compressor is not interoperable with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline 4.

[0023] The pulse tube cold finger 101 includes a cold head 111, a pulse tube 112, a regenerator 114 and a hot end heat exchanger 115. The regenerator 114 is installed between the cold head 111 and the hot end heat exchanger 115. The hot end heat exchanger 115 is located on the side of the regenerator 114 away from the cold head 111. The cold head 111 is located on the other side of the regenerator 114. The porous medium layer 113 is installed in the cold head 111. The pulse tube 112 is installed in the regenerator 114, and one end of the pulse tube 112 extends to the hot end heat exchanger 115. , the other end of the pulse tube 112 extends into the cold head 111, the pulse tube 112 can communicate with the inside of the expansion cavity, the AC linear compressor follows the existing working principle, the high temperature and high pressure gas with alternating pressure fluctuations provided by it dissipates heat at the hot end heat exchanger 115, and is expanded and cooled through the pulse tube 112, the regenerator 114 has a high heat capacity filling material or particle storage, which can transfer cold and improve the refrigeration coefficient, and the cold head 111 is used to transport the cold source for the entire refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics. One side of the cold head 111 is a porous medium layer 113, which is used to exchange heat with the transport medium, and the other side of the cold head 111 forms a slit area, which is used to exchange heat with the cold gas in the expansion cavity.

[0024] The pumping module 2 is a DC linear compressor, which includes but is not limited to compressors of the moving coil type, moving magnet type and moving iron type or pumps of similar types, and can operate at temperatures below 200K. The DC linear compressor includes a driving component, a cylinder body 205, and a one-way valve group 201 installed at the inlet and outlet of the cylinder body 205. The one-way valve group 201 can realize the unidirectional introduction of the transport medium in the connecting pipeline 4 into the cylinder body 205, and the unidirectional export of the transport medium in the cylinder body 205 to the connecting pipeline 4. The two groups of driving components are symmetrically arranged. When the two groups of driving components move toward or away from each other along the axial direction, the vibration impact can offset each other, and the two groups of driving components can move toward or away from each other and realize the pumping of the transport medium.

[0025] The driving components include a moving piston body 202, a motor assembly 203 and a leaf spring 204. The motor assembly 203 includes a coil, a permanent magnet, and inner and outer magnetic poles. The leaf spring 204 can be an Archimedean spiral type, a circular involute type, an eccentric circular involute type, etc. The motor assembly 203 is connected to the moving piston body 202, and the motor assembly 203 is used to drive the moving piston body 202 to reciprocate. The leaf spring 204 is connected to the moving piston body 202, and the leaf spring 204 is used to provide radial support and axial restoring force for the moving piston body 202. The moving piston body 202 can form a gap seal with the inner wall of the cylinder body 205. The two moving piston bodies 202 can move toward and away from each other at the same time. When moving toward each other at the same time, the gas can be compressed, and when moving away from each other at the same time, the gas can be expanded.

[0026] The one-way valve group 201 includes an intake valve and an exhaust valve, and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are symmetrical about the axis of the cylinder body 205 and are both installed on the side wall of the cylinder body 205. The intake valve and the exhaust valve are both connected to the connecting pipeline 4, and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both located between the two driving components. The directional pumping of the conveying medium is achieved by the cooperation of the intake valve and the exhaust valve. The positions of the intake valve and the exhaust valve can be determined according to the conveying direction of the conveying medium. The forms of the intake valve and the exhaust valve include but are not limited to flat valves, reed valves, ring valves, mesh valves, butterfly valves, etc.

[0027] The optical component 3 includes multiple hot-end components 301 and multiple groups of optical lenses 302. The optical lenses 302 include but are not limited to infrared detection lenses such as infrared detection focal plane arrays. The multiple hot-end components 301 correspond to the multiple groups of optical lenses 302 one by one, and the interior of the hot-end component 301 has multiple channels for heat exchange with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline 4. The exterior of the hot-end component 301 is coupled with the low thermal resistance of the optical lens 302, thereby being able to achieve simultaneous cooling of multiple optical lenses 302.

[0028] The connecting pipeline 4 is made of annealed stainless steel pipe, which has the functions of flexible expansion and stretching and bending. At the same time, the installation stress of the optical component 3 is small, which improves the utilization rate of the layout space compared with the traditional pipeline, thereby forming a compact layout. The connecting pipeline 4 includes but is not limited to a series of flexible installation methods in the stainless steel pipeline, and also includes but is not limited to the transportation of various low-temperature forms of transport media such as cold nitrogen.

[0029] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics, characterized in that: It includes a cold source module, a pumping module, an optical component and a connecting pipeline. The cold head of the cold source module and the inlet of the pumping module, as well as the outlet of the pumping module and the cold head are all connected through the connecting pipeline. Each hot end element in the optical component is installed on the connecting pipeline between the cold head and the inlet of the pumping module, and the connecting pipeline is used for circulating the transport medium. The cold head is filled with a porous medium layer, and the porous medium layer can exchange heat with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline; the optical component includes a plurality of hot end elements and a plurality of groups of optical lenses, and the plurality of hot end elements and the plurality of groups of optical lenses correspond to each other one by one, and the interior of the hot end element has a plurality of channels for heat exchange with the transport medium in the connecting pipeline, and the exterior of the hot end element is coupled with the optical lens with low thermal resistance.

2. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold source module is a pulse tube refrigerator, which includes a shell, a pulse tube cold finger, and a refrigeration drive component and a phase adjustment mechanism located in the shell. An expansion cavity is formed inside the shell. The refrigeration drive component can reciprocate. The phase adjustment mechanism is integrated inside the refrigeration drive component, and the phase adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the phase. The gas generated by the reciprocating motion of the refrigeration drive component can enter the pulse tube cold finger. The pulse tube cold finger is used for cooling. The cold head is arranged in the pulse tube cold finger, and the cold head is used to provide a cold source.

3. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigeration drive component is an AC linear compressor, which is driven by a moving magnet linear motor and has a symmetrical structure. The AC linear compressor is used to provide gas with alternating pressure fluctuations to the pulse tube cold finger.

4. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulse tube cold finger includes the cold head, a pulse tube, a regenerator and a hot-end heat exchanger. The regenerator is installed between the cold head and the hot-end heat exchanger. The hot-end heat exchanger is located on the side of the regenerator away from the cold head. The cold head is located on the other side of the regenerator. The porous medium layer is installed in the cold head. The pulse tube is installed in the regenerator. One end of the pulse tube extends into the hot-end heat exchanger. The other end of the pulse tube extends into the cold head. The pulse tube can communicate with the interior of the expansion cavity.

5. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pumping module is a DC linear compressor, which includes a driving component, a cylinder body, and a one-way valve group installed at the inlet and outlet of the cylinder body. The one-way valve group can realize the one-way introduction of the transport medium in the connecting pipeline into the cylinder body, and the one-way export of the transport medium in the cylinder body to the connecting pipeline. The two groups of driving components are symmetrically arranged, and the two groups of driving components can move toward or away from each other and realize the pumping of the transport medium.

6. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving component includes a moving piston body, a motor assembly and a leaf spring. The motor assembly is connected to the moving piston body and is used to drive the moving piston body to reciprocate. The leaf spring is connected to the moving piston body and is used to provide radial support and axial restoring force for the moving piston body. The moving piston body can form a gap seal with the inner wall of the cylinder body.

7. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The one-way valve group includes an intake valve and an exhaust valve, and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both installed on the side wall of the cylinder body, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both connected to the connecting pipeline, and the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both located between the two driving components.

8. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipeline is made of annealed stainless steel pipe.

9. The refrigeration system for cooling multiple components of cold optics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport medium is cold nitrogen.

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