A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrological measurement, and discloses a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, which includes a housing. An inlet and an outlet are respectively opened at the left and right ends of the housing. A first flow sensor, a first filtering mechanism, and a second flow sensor are sequentially arranged in the housing from left to right; the first filtering mechanism includes a first filter plate and a cleaning component arranged in the housing. A filter cylinder and a centrifugal weighing component are arranged below the first filter plate; for this sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, the sediment adhered to the filter plate can be cleaned into the filter cylinder by the cooperation of a scraper and a jet device, and then weighed after centrifugation, which can improve the accuracy of the measurement result. A two-stage filtering structure is provided to obtain data on the sediment flow of small particle sizes and the sediment flow of large particle sizes, providing richer experimental data for hydrological measurement, and using the impact of water flow as power to block objects such as gravel in the water outside the device to avoid affecting the measurement result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrological measurement, and specifically relates to a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement. Background Art

[0002] Sediment flow monitoring is one of the hydrological measurement projects, generally referring to the observation and measurement of the forms, quantities, and evolution processes of sediment moving with water flow in river basins and water bodies. Usually, it refers to the measurement of the suspended sediment transport rate, bed load transport rate, bed material determination, and sediment particle size distribution analysis of rivers.

[0003] In the patent with the publication number CN115711613A, the sediment flow monitoring device is placed in the water body, and the water flow mixed with sediment is made to pass through the pipeline inside the device. A filter screen is installed in the pipeline to filter out the sediment, and then the flow rates before and after filtration are detected successively. Then, the filtered sediment is taken off regularly for weighing. However, it does not consider that the adhesiveness of the sediment is relatively strong, and the filter holes will be blocked after long-term filtration, affecting the filtration effect. Moreover, when sampling, some sediment adheres to the filter screen and is not easy to remove, so it will affect the accuracy of the measurement results after sampling.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, which has the beneficial effects that the sediment adhered to the filter plate can be cleaned into the filter cylinder through the cooperation of a scraper and a jet device, and then centrifuged and weighed, which can improve the accuracy of the measurement results. It is provided with a two-stage filtration structure, and the data of the sediment flow with small particle size and the sediment flow with large particle size can be obtained, providing richer experimental data for hydrological measurement. In addition, it uses the impact of water flow as the power to block objects such as sand and gravel in the water body outside the device to avoid affecting the measurement results, solving the problems in the above-mentioned background art that due to the strong adhesiveness of the sediment, the filter holes will be blocked after long-term filtration, affecting the filtration effect, and when sampling, some sediment adheres to the filter screen and is not easy to remove, so it will affect the accuracy of the measurement results after sampling.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, including a housing, wherein water inlets and outlets are respectively opened at the left and right ends of the housing, and a first flow sensor, a first filtration mechanism, and a second flow sensor are sequentially arranged in the housing from left to right;

[0007] The first filtration mechanism includes a first filter plate and a cleaning assembly arranged in the housing, and a filter cylinder and a centrifugal weighing assembly are arranged below the first filter plate;

[0008] During a hydrological measurement, water flow enters the housing from the water inlet. First, the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water is monitored by the first flow sensor. After the sediment is filtered by the first filter plate, the water flow rate is monitored by the second flow sensor.

[0009] Finally, the sediment filtered on the first filter plate is sent into the filter cylinder by the cleaning component, and the sediment content is measured by centrifugally weighing the sediment through the centrifugal weighing component.

[0010] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow rate monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: the cleaning component includes a magnetic scraping plate slidably arranged at the left end of the first filter plate. A sliding seat is slidably arranged in the housing, and a magnet is arranged on the sliding seat. The magnet is slidably connected to the right end of the first filter plate.

[0011] The cleaning component further includes a plurality of jet components. The plurality of jet components are linearly arranged. The jet component includes a high-pressure spray gun arranged on the magnet. The high-pressure spray gun is used to spray air flow into the filter holes of the first filter plate to assist in cleaning the sediment.

[0012] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow rate monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: the jet component further includes a piston and a fixed plug arranged in the high-pressure spray gun. One-way valves are arranged on both the piston and the fixed plug.

[0013] A first sealing groove is formed on the high-pressure spray gun. A first sealing plate is slidably arranged in the first sealing groove. The first sealing plate is connected to the piston through a connecting piece.

[0014] The cleaning component further includes a reciprocating motion component. The reciprocating motion component is used to drive the first sealing plate and the piston to reciprocate in the high-pressure spray gun.

[0015] The plurality of first sealing plates are connected in sequence.

[0016] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow rate monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: the reciprocating motion component includes a second sealing groove formed in the housing. A second sealing plate is slidably arranged in the second sealing groove. The second sealing plate is connected to the sliding seat. One of the first sealing plates is connected to the second sealing plate. A first turntable is rotatably arranged on the second sealing plate. A connecting plate is arranged on the second sealing plate.

[0017] The reciprocating motion component further includes a first connecting rod. The two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively movably hinged to the first turntable and the connecting plate through hinge shafts. A gear is arranged on the first turntable. A rack is arranged in the housing. The gear meshes with the rack.

[0018] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: a flow guiding plate and a first cylinder are arranged inside the housing, the flow guiding plate is located between the water inlet and the first filter plate, and the piston rod of the first cylinder is connected to the sliding seat;

[0019] A gate plate and a second cylinder are arranged inside the housing, the piston rod of the second cylinder is connected to the gate plate, a drain groove is formed inside the housing, the drain groove is located below the gate plate, the filter cylinder is located inside the drain groove, and a first solenoid valve is arranged inside the drain groove.

[0020] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: the centrifugal weighing assembly includes a rotating seat rotatably arranged inside the drain groove, a bottom plate is arranged on the rotating seat, and a weight sensor is arranged on the bottom plate;

[0021] A first connecting seat and a third cylinder are arranged inside the drain groove, the piston rod of the third cylinder is connected to the first connecting seat, and a second connecting seat is arranged on the bottom plate;

[0022] The centrifugal weighing assembly further includes a second connecting rod, and both ends of the second connecting rod are respectively movably hinged to the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat through hinge shafts;

[0023] A motor is further arranged inside the drain groove, and the output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the filter cylinder through a belt transmission device.

[0024] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: there are two first filtering mechanisms, and the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate on the left is larger than the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate on the right;

[0025] A third flow sensor is arranged inside the housing, the second flow sensor is located between the two first filter plates, and the third flow sensor is located on the right side of the first filter plate close to the right side.

[0026] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: a second solenoid valve, a drain pipe and a water pump are arranged on the housing, the second solenoid valve is located at the right end of the housing, one end of the drain pipe is connected to the water pump, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the water outlet.

[0027] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: a second filtering mechanism is further provided on the housing, the second filtering mechanism includes a second filter plate arranged at the left end of the housing, a third filter plate is slidably arranged on the second filter plate, and both the second filter plate and the third filter plate are arc-shaped.

[0028] As an alternative solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement according to the present invention, wherein: a second turntable is rotatably arranged on the housing, an impeller is arranged on the second turntable, the second filtering mechanism further includes a third connecting rod, and both ends of the third connecting rod are respectively movably hinged to the third filter plate and the second turntable through hinge shafts.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. For the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, the cleaning assembly slides down along the filter plate through the scraping plates and the air jet device located on both sides of the filter plate. In addition to the scraping plates scraping off the sediment, the air jet device can also automatically extract gas from the water surface, pressurize it and spray it onto the filter plate, causing the adhered sediment to fly onto the scraping plates and fall off, so that the filter plate can be cleaned. This can not only prevent the filter plate from being blocked due to long-term sediment filtration, but also avoid affecting the measurement result of the sediment content because some adhered sediment cannot be collected.

[0031] 2. For the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, two groups of first filtering mechanisms are provided to achieve two-stage filtration, first filtering out the sediment with larger particles and then filtering out the sediment with smaller particles. And three flow sensors are correspondingly arranged, so that not only the sediment flow can be calculated by measuring the flow of the sediment and water mixture and the water flow. It can also further subdivide and measure the flow of small-particle-size sediment, the flow of large-particle-size sediment, the content of small-particle-size sediment and the content of large-particle-size sediment. Thus, the experimental data of hydrological measurement is greatly enriched.

[0032] 3. For the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, in order to prevent large-particle objects such as stones in the water body from entering the device and affecting the measurement result and damaging the device. A second filter plate and a third filter plate are also installed at the water inlet. The filter holes of the second filter plate and the third filter plate correspond to each other one by one. Under the action of water flow impact, the third filter plate will be automatically triggered to swing reciprocally relative to the second filter plate through the second filtering mechanism. By continuously misaligning their filter holes, it can also prevent objects such as stones from adhering to the second filter plate and affecting the water flow into the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the whole of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view of part A in

[0036] Figure 4 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view of part B in

[0037] Figure 5 The schematic cross-sectional structure view of the local part of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 is Figure 5 The partial enlarged view of part C in

[0039] Figure 7 The exploded structure view of the first filtering mechanism in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 The exploded structure view of the air jet assembly in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 The exploded structure view of the centrifugal weighing assembly in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 The exploded structure view of the second filtering mechanism in the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 100, housing; 110, water inlet; 120, water outlet; 130, first flow sensor; 140, second flow sensor; 150, third flow sensor; 160, second solenoid valve; 170, drain pipe; 180, water pump; 200, first filtering mechanism; 210, first filter plate; 220, cleaning assembly; 221, magnetic scraping plate; 222, sliding seat; 223, magnet; 224, air jet assembly; 2241, high-pressure spray gun; 2242, piston; 2243, fixed plug; 2244, check valve; 2245, first sealing groove; 2246, first sealing plate; 2247, connecting piece; 225, reciprocating motion assembly; 2251, second sealing groove; 2252, second sealing plate; 2253, first turntable; 2254, connecting plate; 2255, first connecting rod; 2256, gear; 2257, rack; 226, guide plate; 227, first cylinder; 230, gate plate; 240, second cylinder; 250, drainage tank; 260, first solenoid valve; 270, filter cartridge; 280, centrifugal weighing assembly; 281, rotating seat; 282, bottom plate; 283, weight sensor; 284, first connecting seat; 285, third cylinder; 286, second connecting seat; 287, second connecting rod; 288, motor; 289, belt drive device; 300, second filtering mechanism; 310, second filter plate; 320, third filter plate; 330, second turntable; 340, impeller; 350, third connecting rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0044] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Embodiment 1. Please refer to Figures 1-8 , a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological measurement, including a housing 100, characterized in that: water inlets 110 and water outlets 120 are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the housing 100, and a first flow sensor 130, a first filtering mechanism 200 and a second flow sensor 140 are sequentially arranged in the housing 100 from left to right;

[0046] The first filtering mechanism 200 includes a first filter plate 210 and a cleaning assembly 220 arranged in the housing 100, and a filter cylinder 270 and a centrifugal weighing assembly 280 are arranged below the first filter plate 210;

[0047] During hydrological measurement, water flows into the housing 100 from the water inlet 110, and the first flow sensor 130 first monitors the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water. After the first filter plate 210 filters the sediment, the second flow sensor 140 monitors the water flow rate;

[0048] Finally, the cleaning assembly 220 sends the sediment filtered on the first filter plate 210 into the filter cylinder 270, and the centrifugal weighing assembly 280 centrifugally weighs the sediment to measure the sediment content;

[0049] The cleaning assembly 220 includes a magnetic scraping plate 221 slidably arranged at the left end of the first filter plate 210. A sliding seat 222 is slidably arranged in the housing 100, and a magnet 223 is arranged on the sliding seat 222. The magnet 223 is slidably connected to the right end of the first filter plate 210;

[0050] The cleaning assembly 220 further includes a plurality of jet components 224. The plurality of jet components 224 are linearly arranged. The jet component 224 includes a high-pressure spray gun 2241 arranged on the magnet 223. The high-pressure spray gun 2241 is used to spray air flow into the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 to assist in cleaning the sediment;

[0051] The jet component 224 further includes a piston 2242 and a fixed plug 2243 arranged in the high-pressure spray gun 2241. Check valves 2244 are arranged on both the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243;

[0052] The high-pressure spray gun 2241 is provided with a first sealing groove 2245, a first sealing plate 2246 is slidably arranged in the first sealing groove 2245, and the first sealing plate 2246 is connected to the piston 2242 through a connecting piece 2247;

[0053] The cleaning assembly 220 further includes a reciprocating motion assembly 225, and the reciprocating motion assembly 225 is used to drive the first sealing plate 2246 and the piston 2242 to reciprocate slidably in the high-pressure spray gun 2241;

[0054] A plurality of first sealing plates 2246 are connected in sequence;

[0055] The reciprocating motion assembly 225 includes a second sealing groove 2251 opened in the housing 100, a second sealing plate 2252 is slidably arranged in the second sealing groove 2251, the second sealing plate 2252 is connected to the sliding seat 222, one of the first sealing plates 2246 is connected to the second sealing plate 2252, and a first turntable 2253 is rotatably arranged on the second sealing plate 2252, and a connecting plate 2254 is arranged on the second sealing plate 2252;

[0056] The reciprocating motion assembly 225 further includes a first connecting rod 2255, both ends of the first connecting rod 2255 are movably hinged to the first turntable 2253 and the connecting plate 2254 through hinge shafts respectively, a gear 2256 is arranged on the first turntable 2253, and a rack 2257 is arranged in the housing 100, and the gear 2256 meshes with the rack 2257;

[0057] A flow guiding plate 226 and a first air cylinder 227 are arranged in the housing 100, the flow guiding plate 226 is located between the water inlet 110 and the first filter plate 210, and the piston rod of the first air cylinder 227 is connected to the sliding seat 222;

[0058] A sluice gate 230 and a second air cylinder 240 are arranged in the housing 100, the piston rod of the second air cylinder 240 is connected to the sluice gate 230, a drain groove 250 is opened in the housing 100, the drain groove 250 is located below the sluice gate 230, the filter cartridge 270 is located in the drain groove 250, and a first solenoid valve 260 is arranged in the drain groove 250.

[0059] In this embodiment: The housing 100 is placed in the water body, and the height can be adjusted through a bracket installed on the shore or through a bracket inserted into the bottom of the water. Water flows into the housing 100 from the water inlet 110. First, the first flow sensor 130 detects the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water, then the sediment is filtered off through the filter holes on the first filter plate 210, and then the second flow sensor 140 detects the flow rate of the water, and the sediment flow rate can be obtained through calculation. The first flow sensor 130 and the second flow sensor 140 can adopt various flow detection devices such as ultrasonic flow sensors. As a conventional technical means, the working principle thereof will not be elaborated.

[0060] Finally, water flows out from the water outlet 120, and the filtered sediment is swept off the first filter plate 210 by the cleaning assembly 220. At this time, the second cylinder 240 drives the gate plate 230 to move leftward, opening the channel between the first filter plate 210 and the drainage trough 250, and the sediment is removed into the filter cylinder 270. The filter cylinder 270 undergoes centrifugal dehydration through the centrifugal weighing assembly 280 and then is weighed. The sediment content can be calculated based on the weight of the sediment, the water passing time, and the flow rates measured by the first flow sensor 130 and the second flow sensor 140.

[0061] The water thrown out by the filter cylinder 270 converges to the first solenoid valve 260 through the drainage trough 250 inclined towards the first solenoid valve 260 and is discharged into the water body by the first solenoid valve 260. The first solenoid valve 260 can also be a water pump.

[0062] Specifically, when cleaning the first filter plate 210, the sediment converges at the left end of the first filter plate 210, but some sediment blocks the filter holes. The first cylinder 227 drives the slide seat 222 to descend. At this time, the magnet 223 descends together with the slide seat 222. Since the slide seat 222 has a magnetic attraction force on the magnetic scraping plate 221, the magnetic scraping plate 221 will also be driven to descend.

[0063] On the left side, the magnetic scraping plate 221 scrapes the sediment at the left end of the first filter plate 210 downward, while on the right side, from Figure 7 As can be seen, a chute is provided at the lower end of the slide seat 222, and the diversion plate 226 is slidably installed in the chute of the slide seat 222.

[0064] During the descent of the second sealing plate 2252, since the gear 2256 meshes with the rack 2257, the gear 2256 and the first turntable 2253 rotate, and through the transmission of the first connecting rod 2255, the connecting plate 2254, the second sealing groove 2251, and several first sealing plates 2246 move left and right reciprocally.

[0065] The upper end of the high-pressure spray gun 2241 extends out of the water surface, and the one-way valve 2244 is used to restrict the one-way flow of air from right to left.

[0066] When several pistons 2242 are driven to move reciprocally by several first sealing plates 2246, when the piston 2242 and the one-way valve 2244 on the right side move to the right, the one-way valve 2244 on the right side opens, while the one-way valve 2244 on the fixed plug 2243 at the fixed position on the left side closes, creating a negative pressure environment between the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243, and sucking the air on the water surface into the space between the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243 under the pressure difference.

[0067] When the piston 2242 and the one-way valve 2244 on the right move to the left, the one-way valve 2244 on the right closes, and the one-way valve 2244 on the left opens. The gas between the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243 is pushed by the piston 2242 through the one-way valve 2244 on the left and enters the left side of the fixed plug 2243. Then the gas enters the high-pressure spray gun 2241 from the left side of the fixed plug 2243. The high-pressure spray gun 2241 is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle, which can increase the pressure of the gas and spray it towards the first filter plate 210.

[0068] Meanwhile, the sediment blocked on the first filter plate 210 will be ejected to the left by the airflow, land on the inner wall of the magnetic scraping plate 221, and then fall off.

[0069] In addition, the guiding plate 226 is used to block the water flow and reduce the impact of the water flow on the upper side of the first filter plate 210. The first sealing plate 2246 can slide left and right in the first sealing groove 2245 to maintain good sealing, and the second sealing plate 2252 can slide up and down and left and right in the second sealing groove 2251 to maintain good sealing.

[0070] Embodiment 2 is an improved description based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, please refer to Figures 2-9 , the centrifugal weighing assembly 280 includes a turntable 281 rotatably arranged in the drainage tank 250. A bottom plate 282 is arranged on the turntable 281, and a weight sensor 283 is arranged on the bottom plate 282;

[0071] A first connecting seat 284 and a third cylinder 285 are arranged in the drainage tank 250. The piston rod of the third cylinder 285 is connected to the first connecting seat 284, and a second connecting seat 286 is arranged on the bottom plate 282;

[0072] The centrifugal weighing assembly 280 further includes a second connecting rod 287. The two ends of the second connecting rod 287 are respectively movably hinged to the first connecting seat 284 and the second connecting seat 286 through hinge shafts;

[0073] A motor 288 is also arranged in the drainage tank 250. The output shaft of the motor 288 is connected to the filter cylinder 270 through a belt transmission device 289.

[0074] In this embodiment: The filter cylinder 270 is rotatably installed on the top wall of the drainage tank 250. The bottom plate 282 and the weight sensor 283 seal the bottom end of the filter cylinder 270 with the support of the third cylinder 285, and the sediment falling on the weight sensor 283 can be weighed. By operating the motor 288, the belt transmission device 289 drives the filter cylinder 270 to rotate, and the water in the sediment can be thrown out. The belt transmission device 289 is composed of two belt pulleys and a belt.

[0075] After weighing is completed, the third cylinder 285 drives the first connecting seat 284 to slide down along the inner wall of the drain trough 250. At this time, through the transmission of the first connecting seat 284, the second connecting rod 287 and the second connecting seat 286, the bottom plate 282 and the weight sensor 283 rotate clockwise based on the turntable 281, opening the lower end of the filter cartridge 270 to allow the sediment to fall, and the sediment is also discharged by controlling the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve 260.

[0076] Embodiment 3 is an improved description based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, please refer to Figures 2-5 , two first filtering mechanisms 200 are provided. The diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 on the left is larger than the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 on the right.

[0077] A third flow sensor 150 is provided in the housing 100. The second flow sensor 140 is located between the two first filter plates 210, and the third flow sensor 150 is located on the right side of the first filter plate 210 close to the right side.

[0078] A second solenoid valve 160, a drain pipe 170 and a water pump 180 are provided on the housing 100. The second solenoid valve 160 is located at the right end of the housing 100. One end of the drain pipe 170 is connected to the water pump 180, and the other end of the drain pipe 170 is connected to the water outlet 120.

[0079] In this embodiment: Further, two first filtering mechanisms 200 are provided in total on the left and right. The filter holes of the first filter plate 210 on the left can allow some sediment with smaller particle sizes to pass through. When reaching the right side, all the sediment is intercepted by the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 on the right. By adding a third flow sensor 150, the flow rate of small-particle-size sediment and the flow rate of large-particle-size sediment can be obtained.

[0080] The second solenoid valve 160, in cooperation with the drain pipe 170 and the water pump 180 for pumping water, can be used to drain all the water in the housing 100.

[0081] Embodiment 4 is an improved description based on Embodiment 1. Specifically, please refer to Figures 1-10 , a second filtering mechanism 300 is further provided on the housing 100. The second filtering mechanism 300 includes a second filter plate 310 provided at the left end of the housing 100. A third filter plate 320 is slidably provided on the second filter plate 310. Both the second filter plate 310 and the third filter plate 320 are arc-shaped.

[0082] A second turntable 330 is rotatably provided on the housing 100. An impeller 340 is provided on the second turntable 330. The second filtering mechanism 300 further includes a third connecting rod 350. The two ends of the third connecting rod 350 are respectively movably hinged to the third filter plate 320 and the second turntable 330 through hinge shafts.

[0083] In this embodiment: Considering that there may be relatively large objects in the water body, such as stones or other objects, which have nothing to do with the sediment content but will affect the measurement results and damage the device.

[0084] Therefore, the second filter plate 310 and the third filter plate 320 installed at the water inlet 110 are used to block relatively large objects. The filter holes of the two are in one-to-one correspondence. However, under the action of the water flow impacting the impeller 340, the impeller 340 drives the second turntable 330 to rotate without restricting the rotation direction. As long as the second turntable 330 rotates, through the transmission of the third connecting rod 350, the third filter plate 320 can be driven to slide in an arc on the second filter plate 310. By continuously misaligning the filter holes of the second filter plate 310 and the third filter plate 320, the second filter plate 310 can be prevented from being blocked by large-particle objects.

[0085] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0086] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing, comprising a housing (100), characterized in that: The left and right ends of the housing (100) are respectively provided with a water inlet (110) and a water outlet (120); and the housing (100) is provided with a first flow sensor (130), a first filtering mechanism (200) and a second flow sensor (140) in sequence from left to right; The first filtering mechanism (200) comprises a first filter plate (210) and a cleaning assembly (220) arranged in the housing (100); a filter cartridge (270) and a centrifugal weighing assembly (280) are arranged on the lower side of the first filter plate (210); When conducting a hydrological test, water flows into the housing (100) from the water inlet (110), and the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water is first monitored by the first flow sensor (130). The first filter plate (210) filters the sediment and then the water flow rate is monitored by the second flow sensor (140); Finally, the silt filtered off the first filter plate (210) is sent into the filter cartridge (270) by the cleaning component (220), and the silt is centrifugally weighed by the centrifugal weighing component (280) to measure the silt content; The housing (100) is also provided with a second filter mechanism (300), the second filter mechanism (300) comprising a second filter plate (310) provided at the left end of the housing (100), a third filter plate (320) being slidably provided on the second filter plate (310), and the second filter plate (310) and the third filter plate (320) are both arc-shaped; A second rotating disk (330) is rotatably arranged on the housing (100), and an impeller (340) is arranged on the second rotating disk (330). The second filtering mechanism (300) further comprises a third connecting rod (350), and two ends of the third connecting rod (350) are respectively movably hinged to the third filter plate (320) and the second rotating disk (330) through hinge shafts.

2. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component (220) comprises a magnetic scraper (221) slidably arranged on the left end of the first filter plate (210); a slide seat (222) is slidably arranged in the housing (100); a magnet (223) is arranged on the slide seat (222); and the magnet (223) is slidably connected to the right end of the first filter plate (210); The cleaning assembly (220) further comprises a plurality of jet assemblies (224), wherein the plurality of jet assemblies (224) are arranged in a linear manner, and the jet assemblies (224) comprise a high-pressure spray gun (2241) disposed on the magnet (223), wherein the high-pressure spray gun (2241) is used to spray airflow toward the filter holes of the first filter plate (210) to assist in cleaning mud and sand.

3. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The jet assembly (224) further comprises a piston (2242) and a fixed plug (2243) disposed in the high-pressure spray gun (2241), and a one-way valve (2244) is disposed on both the piston (2242) and the fixed plug (2243); The high-pressure spray gun (2241) is provided with a first sealing groove (2245), a first sealing plate (2246) is slidably arranged in the first sealing groove (2245), and the first sealing plate (2246) is connected to the piston (2242) via a connecting piece (2247); The cleaning assembly (220) further comprises a reciprocating assembly (225), wherein the reciprocating assembly (225) is used to drive the first sealing plate (2246) and the piston (2242) to slide reciprocatingly in the high-pressure spray gun (2241); A plurality of the first sealing plates (2246) are connected in sequence.

4. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reciprocating motion component (225) comprises a second sealing groove (2251) provided in the housing (100), a second sealing plate (2252) being slidably disposed in the second sealing groove (2251), the second sealing plate (2252) being connected to the sliding seat (222), one of the first sealing plates (2246) being connected to the second sealing plate (2252), a first rotating disk (2253) being rotatably disposed on the second sealing plate (2252), and a connecting plate (2254) being disposed on the second sealing plate (2252); The reciprocating motion assembly (225) further comprises a first connecting rod (2255), the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the first rotating disk (2253) and the connecting plate (2254) via hinge shafts, the first rotating disk (2253) is provided with a gear (2256), the housing (100) is provided with a rack (2257), and the gear (2256) is meshed with the rack (2257).

5. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide plate (226) and a first cylinder (227) are provided in the housing (100); the guide plate (226) is located between the water inlet (110) and the first filter plate (210); and a piston rod of the first cylinder (227) is connected to the slide seat (222); A gate plate (230) and a second cylinder (240) are arranged in the housing (100); a piston rod of the second cylinder (240) is connected to the gate plate (230); a drainage groove (250) is provided in the housing (100); the drainage groove (250) is located at the lower side of the gate plate (230); the filter cartridge (270) is located in the drainage groove (250); and a first solenoid valve (260) is arranged in the drainage groove (250).

6. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centrifugal weighing assembly (280) comprises a rotating seat (281) rotatably disposed in the drainage groove (250), a bottom plate (282) being disposed on the rotating seat (281), and a weight sensor (283) being disposed on the bottom plate (282); A first connecting seat (284) and a third cylinder (285) are provided in the drainage groove (250); a piston rod of the third cylinder (285) is connected to the first connecting seat (284); and a second connecting seat (286) is provided on the bottom plate (282); The centrifugal weighing assembly (280) further comprises a second connecting rod (287), and two ends of the second connecting rod (287) are respectively movably hinged to the first connecting seat (284) and the second connecting seat (286) via hinge shafts; A motor (288) is also provided in the drainage trough (250), and an output shaft of the motor (288) is transmission-connected to the filter cartridge (270) via a belt transmission device (289).

7. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two of the first filter mechanisms (200) are provided, and the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate (210) located on the left side is larger than the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate (210) located on the right side; A third flow sensor (150) is disposed in the housing (100), the second flow sensor (140) is located between the two first filter plates (210), and the third flow sensor (150) is located on the right side of the first filter plate (210) close to the right side.

8. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (100) is provided with a second solenoid valve (160), a drain pipe (170) and a water pump (180); the second solenoid valve (160) is located at the right end of the housing (100); one end of the drain pipe (170) is connected to the water pump (180); and the other end of the drain pipe (170) is connected to the water outlet (120).

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