Coding multichannel multiplexing reading method and system for cross bar anode detector

Abstract

The invention relates to a coding multichannel multiplexing reading method and system for a cross bar anode detector, belongs to the technical field of photon imaging detection, and solves the technical problems of poor universality and low efficiency of coding reading, and the method comprises the following steps: formulating a coding rule of an electronics channel according to a channel multiplexing rule; connecting the crossed strip anode detector channels with the corresponding electronic channels by adopting the coding rule of the electronic channels; and determining the number of electronic channels for data acquisition and processing, reading data, and determining the position of the electron cloud on the detector. The system comprises a cross strip anode detector and a readout electronics system. The cross strip anode detector comprises a plurality of detector channels; the readout electronics system comprises a plurality of electronics channels; the one-way electronics channel is connected with the four-way detector channel, and the one-way detector channel is connected with the one-way electronics channel. The method is used for coding multichannel multiplexing reading of the cross-bar anode detector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photon imaging detection, and in particular relates to a coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method and system for a cross-strip anode detector. Background Art

[0002] Photon imaging detectors can accurately capture weak photon signals and convert this information into high-definition imaging images. They are widely used in medical imaging, nuclear physics experiments, and high-energy physics research. Among the many types of photon imaging detectors, cross-strip anode detectors have the advantages of high spatial resolution, high precision, and low gain, which makes them an indispensable technology in the field of optical imaging. Cross-strip anode detectors are available in a variety of configurations, such as 64, 128, and 256 channels. These numerous electronic channels greatly improve the processing power of the detector, enabling it to process more signal data, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of detection. However, despite the increasing number of readout electronic channels, the signal response output by the anode is limited to 5-7 channels. This limitation means that as the number of electronic channels increases, it will not only have a negative impact on the resolution of the detector, but may also lead to signal saturation or distortion problems in large-scale practical applications. In addition, the integration of the detector system also increases, and with it comes a significant increase in power consumption. In traditional cross-strip anode detector systems, data reading is usually performed through a single channel. Although this approach is simple and direct, it has many limitations. First, the single-channel reading method greatly limits the data processing rate, because each channel requires independent data processing and processing time, which slows down the overall operation speed of the entire system. Secondly, due to the existence of noise and interference signals inside the detector, these external factors will affect the accuracy of the data, making the results less accurate, especially in high-precision measurement situations. Finally, this data reading method also increases the integration and complexity of the readout electronics.

[0003] When faced with complex electronic pathways, how to effectively utilize limited resources while ensuring signal quality and efficiency has become a challenge. To address this problem, the present invention provides an innovative solution - a multi-channel multiplexing encoding method. The core of this technology is to change the arrangement or structure of the traditional detector readout electrodes so that they can be connected and merged in a special way. In this way, data originally carried by multiple electronic channels can be integrated into a few channels for processing, thereby significantly reducing the number of electronic channels required. More importantly, this method does not sacrifice the original resolution of the detector. On the contrary, it encodes the signal so that signals on different channels can coexist harmoniously during the transmission process, effectively avoiding unnecessary information interference and improving the reliability and accuracy of the signal.

[0004] In the current research field, multi-channel multiplexing technology has not been widely adopted in cross-strip anode detectors. Here we introduce the channel multiplexing technology solutions that other detectors already have. These technical solutions are mainly divided into two types: the first is charge induction coding. This technology is achieved by placing two induction strips of different sizes on the next layer of the anode plate readout signal channel. Whenever the detector captures the signal generated by the charge, the electrons on these induction strips will accurately match the amount of charge on the anode strip according to their area ratio, thereby inducing the corresponding amount of charge. Through in-depth analysis of the relationship between the channel number read back by the electronics and the charge amplitude, the system can effectively identify and correct the number of the detector strip that was hit, thereby achieving accurate and correct result output. In 2007, D. Kataria et al. demonstrated their results - the technology of adding induction strips under the electrode readout strips of the microchannel plate detector to achieve coded readout. This technology is based on FPGA (field programmable gate array), which enables the system to be miniaturized and applied to fields such as space plasma measurement instruments. This not only demonstrates the feasibility of the technology, but also proves its great potential in saving resources. In 2011, Hu Rongjiang and his team from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences once again demonstrated their one-dimensional inductive coding readout technology that integrates inductive readout strips into the readout part of a microstructured gas detector. They verified the feasibility of one-dimensional inductive coding readout with a sensitive area of ​​10cm*10cm. The experimental results show that the use of this new technology can indeed save a lot of electronic channel resources. Nevertheless, they also pointed out that although the technology is effective in specific cases, its encoding and decoding methods still lack standardization and universality, so it is difficult to extend to other types of electronic channels.

[0005] The second implementation is called direct coding readout. The core of this solution is that it can directly connect the readout electronics channel to many detector channels. This method designs a specific pair of detector channels so that there is a unique mapping relationship between each pair of channels. In 2013, S. Procureur and his colleagues at the French Institute of Atomic Energy, inspired by the principle of genetic coding in bioengineering, introduced this concept into their scientific research projects. They proposed a new coding readout method, which is different from the traditional readout method. It does not rely on complex electronic circuit design or signal processing algorithms, but reads the information of the detector in a direct and simple way. The core of this technology is a 50cm*50cm microstructure gas detector with 61 electronic channels. Through careful design and programming, these channels can accurately read 1024 different readout strips. This process has been verified in experiments and has shown extremely high accuracy and reliability. However, although this coding readout method has great potential, it also brings some challenges. At present, the mechanism of encoding and decoding is relatively complex, so there is no universal solution that can adapt to any n-channel encoding needs. In 2015, Qi Bingxiang and others from the University of Science and Technology of China implemented a coding scheme based on the Hamiltonian circuit and achieved the maximum channel compression rate without aliasing the detector signal. However, this coding scheme did not consider the impact of channel unresponsiveness on the coding. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of poor universality and low efficiency of existing coded readout, the present invention proposes a coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method and system for a cross-strip anode detector.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0008] A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, formulating the coding rules of the electronic channels according to the channel multiplexing rules;

[0010] The coding rules of the electronics channel are:

[0011] Each detector channel is denoted as i, and the corresponding electronic channel is denoted as j. Based on the quantitative relationship between i and j, the connection relationship between the detector channel and the electronic channel is as follows:

[0012] When i≤j, a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between i and j, and a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between the i-th detector channel and the corresponding j-th electronic channel;

[0013] When j < i < j + 6, connect through one separated electronics channel; when encountering a connected channel, skip it and connect to the next unconnected channel.

[0014] When j + 6 ≤ i < 3j + 1, connect through two separated electronics channels; when encountering a connected channel, skip it and connect to the next unconnected channel.

[0015] When 3j + 1 ≤ i < 4j + 1, connect through three separated electronics channels; when encountering a connected channel, skip it and connect to the next unconnected channel.

[0016] Step S2: Determine the number of electronics channels for data acquisition and processing according to the number of cross-strip anode detector channels, and then connect the cross-strip anode detector channels to the corresponding electronics channels using the coding rule of the electronics channels.

[0017] Step S3: Read the signal through the electronics channels for data acquisition and processing. Based on the coding rule of the electronics channels, determine the cross-strip anode detector channel where the detector signal is located according to the position where the strongest signal appears in the electronics channels, and determine the position where the electron cloud hits the detector.

[0018] For the above coding multi-channel multiplexing readout method, the channel multiplexing rule is as follows:

[0019] First, adjacent detector channels are connected to non-adjacent electronics channels.

[0020] Second, each detector channel can only be connected to one electronics channel, while one electronics channel can be connected to several detector channels.

[0021] For the above coding multi-channel multiplexing readout method, in step S2, the cross-strip anode detector is a 32-channel cross-strip anode detector, and 8 electronics channels are used for data acquisition and processing.

[0022] A coding multi-channel multiplexing readout system for a cross-strip anode detector includes a cross-strip anode detector and a readout electronics system.

[0023] The cross-strip anode detector includes several detector channels, and the readout electronics system includes several electronics channels; one electronics channel is connected to 4 detector channels, and one detector channel is connected to one electronics channel.

[0024] For the above coding multi-channel multiplexing readout system, the number of detector channels is 32, and the number of electronics channels is 8.

[0025] The connection relationship between the 8 electronics channels and the 32 detector channels is as follows:

[0026] The first electronics channel is connected to the first, ninth, 17th and 25th detector channels;

[0027] The second electronics channel is connected to the second, 13th, 20th and 27th detector channels;

[0028] The 3rd electronics channel is connected to the 3rd, 10th, 23rd and 29th detector channels;

[0029] The 4th electronics channel is connected to the 4th, 14th, 18th and 31st detector channels;

[0030] The 5th electronics channel is connected to the 5th, 11th, 21st and 26th detector channels;

[0031] The 6th electronics channel is connected to the 6th, 15th, 24th, and 28th detector channels;

[0032] The 7th electronics channel is connected to the 7th, 12th, 19th and 30th detector channels;

[0033] The 8th electronics channel is connected to the 8th, 16th, 22nd and 32nd detector channels.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector combines the signals received by multiple detector channels into a few electronic channels for reading, significantly reducing the number of electronic channels required, reducing system complexity and saving time and resources.

[0036] A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector makes complex signal processing simpler and faster, significantly improves the speed of data transmission, and also enhances the overall performance of the system and improves data processing efficiency and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of electronic channel coding rules according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a multiplexing connection diagram of 32 detector channels and 8 electronic channels in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 The connection between the 2nd, 4th and 7th electronic channels and the detector channel in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fifth electronic channel and the detector channel in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] The reference numerals are: 100. Cross-strip anode detector, 105. 5th detector channel, 111. 11th detector channel, 121. 21st detector channel, 126. 26th detector channel, 200. Readout electronics system, 205. 5th electronics channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector comprises the following steps:

[0045] 1. Coding rules

[0046] During the detection process, the signal characteristics of the cross-strip anode detector are usually manifested as a large amount of signals falling on three to five consecutive detector channels and presenting a Gaussian distribution. This high-density signal distribution leads to relatively low utilization of the detector channels, which in turn makes the signal appear sparse. In order to optimize the performance and efficiency of such detectors, the channel multiplexing rules need to strictly follow several key conditions: first, adjacent detector channels must be connected to non-adjacent electronic channels, which can ensure the continuity of signal transmission and facilitate the overall debugging and monitoring of the system; second, each detector channel can only be connected to one electronic channel, while one electronic channel can be connected to several detector channels. This design helps to achieve more efficient signal processing, while also improving signal quality and reducing possible interference and crosstalk between signals.

[0047] In the readout of the cross-strip anode detector signal, the encoding rules of the electronic channel are crucial. Figure 1As shown in Figure 1, this rule is presented through a concise and intuitive flowchart. In this process, each detector channel is assigned a unique channel identifier i, and the corresponding electronic channel is j. According to this rule, when channel i is less than or equal to j, we ensure that a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between i and j, ensuring that data can flow smoothly from one electronic channel to another. However, when j is greater than or equal to i and less than j+6, the situation changes. In order to achieve efficient data transmission and processing, an interval connection strategy is adopted to separate one electronic channel for connection. Once an existing channel is encountered during the connection process, it directly skips and connects to the next unconnected channel, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. Furthermore, when j+6 is greater than or equal to i but less than 3j+1, the situation becomes more complicated. In this case, in order to further optimize the data flow, the connection method of two electronic channels will continue to be used. Similarly, when existing channels are encountered, these channels will be processed first before entering the next unconnected channel. This strategy not only simplifies the data path, but also helps to reduce unnecessary waiting time and ensure the optimal response speed of the detector system. Finally, when all the detector channels have been connected, the entire system can work in an orderly, efficient and accurate manner. The design of this coding rule ensures that each step in the signal acquisition and processing process can be completed accurately and without error.

[0048] 2. Cross-strip anode 32-channel detector multiplexing connection

[0049] exist Figure 2 In the figure, we can clearly see the multiplexing status of the 32-way cross-strip anode detector channels. In order to achieve channel multiplexing of this complex system, strict electronic channel encoding rules need to be followed. By carefully considering and selecting the appropriate number of electronic channels, it is decided to use 8 electronic channels for data acquisition and processing, which effectively saves costs and improves efficiency.

[0050] Assume that signals are detected in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th electronic channels. Figure 2 According to the connection conditions, it can be found that the detector channels connected to the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th electronic channels are the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 18th, 20th, 22nd, 24th, 27th, 28th, 31st, and 32nd channels. Since the detector signal is continuous, it can be determined that the detector signal appears on the 13th, 14th, 15th, and 16th detector channels. There is another special case. When the detector channel detects a signal, two consecutive groups of detector channels can be found. At this time, it is necessary to determine which group of continuous detector channels the signal occurs on based on the characteristic of the detector signal showing a Gaussian distribution (the signal value distribution is large in the middle and small on both sides). For example, when the 2nd, 4th, and 7th electronic channels detect a signal, according to Figure 2 The connection status of the detector channels connected to the 2nd, 4th, and 7th electronic channels can be found as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it can be found that there are two groups of continuous detector channels, the 12th, 13th, 14th and the 18th, 19th, 20th. If the 12th, 13th, 14th detector channels detect the electron cloud, since the detector signal is Gaussian distributed, the signal of the 13th detector channel is the strongest, and the signal intensity of the 2nd electronic channel is the largest; if the 18th, 19th, 20th detector channels detect the electron cloud, the signal of the 19th detector channel is the strongest, and the signal intensity of the 7th electronic channel is the largest. Therefore, the position where the electron cloud falls on the detector can be determined according to the position where the strongest signal appears in the electronic channel.

[0051] A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout system for a cross-strip anode detector includes a cross-strip anode detector 100 and an electronics channel system 200.

[0052] The cross-strip anode detector 100 includes several detector channels, and the readout electronics system 200 includes several electronics channels; one electronics channel is connected to four detector channels, and one detector channel is connected to one electronics channel.

[0053] The number of detector channels is 32, which are recorded as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ..., 32nd detector channels in sequence, and the number of electronic channels is 8, which are recorded as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ..., 8th electronic channels in sequence. The 8 electronic channels are connected to the 32 detector channels, and the connection relationship is shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 Connection relationship between 8 electronic channels and 32 detector channels

[0055] Electronics Channel Detector channel Route 1 No. 1, 9, 17, 25 Route 2 No. 2, 13, 20, 27 Route 3 No. 3, 10, 23, 29 Route 4 No. 4, 14, 18, 31 Route 5 No. 5, 11, 21, 26 Route 6 No. 6, 15, 24, 28 Route 7 No. 7, 12, 19, 30 Route 8 No. 8, 16, 22, 32

[0056] The 5th electronics channel is connected to the 5th, 11th, 21st, and 26th detector channels, such as Figure 4 shown.

Claims

1. A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step S1: According to the channel multiplexing rule, formulate the coding rule for the electronics channels; The coding rule for the electronics channels is as follows: Each detector channel is denoted as i, and the corresponding electronics channel is denoted as j; according to the quantitative relationship between i and j, the connection relationship between the detector channels and the electronics channels is as follows: When i ≤ j, a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between i and j, and a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between the ith detector channel and the corresponding jth electronics channel; When j < i < j + 6, skip 1 electronics channel for connection; among them, when encountering a connected channel, skip it and connect the next unconnected channel; When j + 6 ≤ i < 3j + 1, skip 2 electronics channels for connection; among them, when encountering a connected channel, skip it, Connect the next unconnected channel; When 3j + 1 ≤ i < 4j + 1, skip 3 electronics channels for connection; among them, when encountering a connected channel, skip it and connect the next unconnected channel; Step S2: According to the number of cross-strip anode detector channels, determine the number of electronics channels for data acquisition and processing, and then use the coding rule for the electronics channels to connect the cross-strip anode detector channels with the corresponding electronics channels; Step S3: Read the signals through the electronics channels for data acquisition and processing, and based on the coding rule for the electronics channels, judge the cross-strip anode detector channel where the detector signal is located according to the position where the strongest signal appears in the electronics channels, and determine the position where the electron cloud falls on the detector.

2. The coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the channel multiplexing rule is as follows: First, adjacent detector channels are connected to non-adjacent electronics channels; Second, each detector channel can only be connected to 1 electronics channel, while 1 electronics channel can be connected to several detector channels.

3. The coded multi-channel multiplexing readout method for a cross-strip anode detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the cross-strip anode detector is a 32-channel cross-strip anode detector, and 8 electronics channels are used for data acquisition and processing.

4. A coded multi-channel multiplexing readout system for a cross-strip anode detector, characterized in that: It includes a cross-strip anode detector (100) and a readout electronics system (200); The cross-strip anode detector (100) includes several detector channels, and the readout electronics system (200) includes several electronics channels; 1 electronics channel is connected to 4 detector channels, and 1 detector channel is connected to 1 electronics channel.

5. The coded multi-channel multiplexing readout system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of detector channels is 32, and the number of electronics channels is 8; The connection relationship between the 8 electronics channels and the 32 detector channels is as follows: The first electronics channel is connected to the 1st, 9th, 17th, and 25th detector channels; The second electronics channel is connected to the 2nd, 13th, 20th, and 27th detector channels; The third electronics channel is connected to the 3rd, 10th, 23rd, and 29th detector channels; The fourth electronics channel is connected to the 4th, 14th, 18th, and 31st detector channels; The fifth electronics channel is connected to the 5th, 11th, 21st, and 26th detector channels; The sixth electronics channel is connected to the 6th, 15th, 24th, and 28th detector channels; The seventh electronics channel is connected to the 7th, 12th, 19th, and 30th detector channels; The 8th electronics channel is connected to the 8th, 16th, 22nd and 32nd detector channels.

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