A pantograph pressure detection device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pantograph pressure detection device, which includes a driving box disposed in the middle of a base plate. Driving sprockets are symmetrically arranged in the driving box, a driving chain is arranged between the driving sprockets, a main controller is arranged in the driving box, an annular groove is arranged outside the driving box, connecting plates are symmetrically arranged on the driving chain and pass through the annular groove, a simulation locomotive head is arranged outside the connecting plates through a connecting mechanism, a lifting mounting seat is arranged on the simulation locomotive head through an electric lifting rod, wheels are symmetrically arranged below the simulation locomotive head, a detection net mechanism is arranged above the driving box, and a road surface simulation mechanism is arranged on the base plate outside the driving box; by setting a variety of different simulated road surface structures, the present invention can make the pressure detection between the pantograph and the catenary more conform to the actual vehicle driving conditions. At the same time, through the adjustment of the extension plate, the pantograph pressure detection of vehicles with different vehicle lengths can also be simulated, which can provide accurate pressure change data for the perfect design and optimization of the pantograph.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pantograph detection for automobiles, and particularly to a pantograph pressure detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] The change in the contact pressure between the pantograph and the catenary directly affects the current collection performance. In order to improve the reliability of the pantograph-catenary system, it is necessary to equip the pantograph-catenary system with a detection device to detect the operating state of the pantograph-catenary system.

[0003] At present, the pressure detection of the pantograph is limited to static pressure detection or contact pressure detection under different accelerations. However, during vehicle driving, due to the diversity of road conditions, the dynamic pressure fluctuation range of the pantograph under different road conditions may exceed or be lower than the rated contact pressure between the pantograph and the catenary. Exceeding the rated pressure range may cause damage to the pantograph or the catenary, and being lower than the rated pressure may cause poor contact between the pantograph and the catenary, resulting in current fluctuations and damage to electrical components such as vehicle motors, causing losses. That is, the existing devices cannot simulate the pressure detection of the pantograph under different road conditions. Therefore, the present invention proposes a pantograph pressure detection device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems, the object of the present invention is to propose a pantograph pressure detection device and method. By setting a variety of different simulated road surface structures, the pressure detection between the pantograph and the catenary can be made more in line with the actual vehicle driving conditions. At the same time, a plurality of pressure sensors connected by a connecting rod above the catenary pole can detect the pressure change of the pantograph in real time when switching between different road sections. By adjusting the extension plate, the pressure detection of the pantographs of vehicles with different vehicle lengths can also be simulated, which can provide accurate pressure change data for the perfect design and optimization of the pantograph.

[0005] To achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A pantograph pressure detection device includes a base plate, a driving mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an installation and moving mechanism, a detection network mechanism, and a road surface simulation mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a driving box, a driving sprocket, a driving chain, a main controller, an annular groove, and a connecting plate. A driving box is provided in the middle of the base plate. Driving sprockets are symmetrically arranged in the driving box. Rotating shafts are provided at both ends of the driving box, and the driving sprockets are arranged on the rotating shafts. A driving chain is arranged between the driving sprockets. A main controller is provided in the driving box. An annular groove is provided on the outside of the driving box. Connecting plates are symmetrically arranged on the driving chain passing through the annular groove. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to a chain segment of the driving chain. The installation and moving mechanism includes a simulated locomotive head, an electric lifting rod, a lifting mounting seat, and wheels. The simulated locomotive head is arranged on the outside of the connecting plate through the connecting mechanism. An electric lifting rod is provided on the simulated locomotive head to set a lifting mounting seat. The electric lifting rod is embedded in the simulated locomotive head. The lifting mounting seat is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric lifting rod, and guide rods are also arranged between both sides of the lifting mounting seat and the simulated locomotive head. Wheels are symmetrically arranged below the simulated locomotive head. The connection structure of the wheels can be the same as that of a real vehicle, and has a steering structure and a shock absorption structure. A detection network mechanism is provided above the driving box. A road surface simulation mechanism is provided on the base plate outside the driving box.

[0006] Further improvement lies in that: A fixing plate is fixedly arranged on one side outside the connecting plate. A roller is arranged between the inner side of the fixing plate and the side walls of the driving box on the upper and lower sides of the annular groove. The roller is embedded in the inner side surface of the fixing plate. The connecting mechanism includes a rotary connecting head, a connecting sleeve, and a connecting column. A rotary connecting head is arranged at the outer end of the connecting plate. A connecting sleeve is arranged outside the rotary connecting head. The connecting sleeve is rotationally connected to the rotary connecting head through a bearing at the rear side. A connecting column is arranged on the front side of the simulated locomotive head. An extension ear is arranged on the front side of the simulated locomotive head. The connecting column is vertically fixed on the upper side of the extension ear. The connecting sleeve is sleeved and adapted to the connecting column.

[0007] Further improvement lies in that: Adjusting telescopic rods are symmetrically embedded on the rear side of the simulated locomotive head. An extension plate is arranged between the telescopic ends of the adjusting telescopic rods. Wheels are also symmetrically arranged below the extension plate, which is used to simulate the detection of the pressure change of the pantograph of vehicles with different lengths under different road conditions.

[0008] Further improvement lies in that: The detection network mechanism includes a top side plate, a fixed seat, a pressure sensor, a connecting rod, and a catenary pole. A top side plate is arranged on the side of the upper end of the driving box. Fixed seats are symmetrically distributed on the lower side of the top side plate. A connecting rod is arranged below the fixed seat through a pressure sensor. A catenary pole is fixedly arranged below the connecting plate. The catenary pole corresponds to the road surface simulation mechanism.

[0009] A further improvement lies in that: the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main controller, the lower part of the fixed seat is of an embedded groove structure, and the upper end of the connecting rod extends into the groove through the pressure sensor and is fixedly connected.

[0010] A further improvement lies in that: the road surface simulation mechanism includes an undulating road surface simulation section, a curved road pothole simulation section, a straight road uphill and downhill simulation section, and a curved road uphill and downhill simulation section. The undulating road surface simulation section, the curved road pothole simulation section, the straight road uphill and downhill simulation section, and the curved road uphill and downhill simulation section are annularly and sequentially distributed on the base plate outside the drive box.

[0011] A further improvement lies in that: a drive motor is further arranged in the drive box. The output end of the drive motor is belt-driven with the transmission sprocket. Belt wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft of the transmission sprocket and the output end of the drive motor, and the belt wheels are belt-driven through a belt. The transmission method can also be gear and belt transmission. The drive motor is also electrically connected to the main controller.

[0012] A detection method for a pantograph pressure detection device includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: First, fixedly install the pantograph above the lifting mounting seat, and then adjust the height of the lifting mounting seat through the electric lifting rod to adjust the height of the pantograph so that it contacts and applies pressure to the catenary pole.

[0014] Step 2: Start the drive motor to drive the transmission sprocket to rotate, thereby driving the connecting plate on the transmission chain to move. The connecting plate is connected to the simulation vehicle head through a connecting mechanism, and then the simulation vehicle head moves, driving it through the road surface simulation mechanism for diversified detection.

[0015] Step 3: When the simulation vehicle head passes through different sections of the road surface simulation mechanism, due to different road conditions, the pressure on the upper catenary pole will also change. The change value is detected by the pressure sensor at the upper end of the connecting rod and is transmitted to the terminal by the main controller in real time for processing.

[0016] Step 4: On the straight flat section of the road surface simulation mechanism, detect the contact pressure under different acceleration conditions by controlling the drive motor to drive the simulation vehicle head to perform accelerated movements at different speeds, and the main controller transmits the detection data of the pressure sensor to the terminal in real time for processing.

[0017] Step 5: On the uphill and downhill sections of the road surface simulation mechanism, due to different vehicle lengths, the inclination angles of the simulation vehicle head when driving into and out of the uphill and downhill sections are different. Control and adjust the length of the telescopic rod to adjust the position of the extension plate for vehicle length adjustment, and detect the pressure of the pantograph on the uphill and downhill of different vehicle lengths. The data is transmitted to the terminal by the pressure sensor in real time for processing.

[0018] Step 6: The terminal makes a final judgment after processing the data, and redesigns the structure of the pantograph and adjusts the fluctuation range of the pressure applied to the catenary pole according to the judgment result.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a variety of different simulated road surface structures, the present invention can make the pressure detection between the pantograph and the catenary more in line with the actual vehicle driving conditions, solve the problems existing in traditional static detection devices, and at the same time, multiple pressure sensors connected by the connecting rod above the catenary pole can detect the pressure change of the pantograph in real time when switching between different road sections. Through the adjustment of the extension plate, the pressure detection of the pantograph of vehicles with different vehicle lengths can also be simulated, which can provide accurate pressure change data for the perfect design and optimization of the pantograph and is worthy of promotion. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view simulated head partial cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a top view cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is an enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at A in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixed seat of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a front view structure diagram of the undulating road surface simulation section of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a method flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Wherein: 1. Base plate; 2. Driving box; 3. Driving sprocket; 4. Driving chain; 5. Main controller; 6. Annular groove; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Simulated head; 9. Electric lifting rod; 10. Lifting mounting seat; 11. Wheel; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Roller; 14. Rotary connector; 15. Connecting sleeve; 16. Connecting column; 17. Adjusting telescopic rod; 18. Extension plate; 19. Top side plate; 20. Fixed seat; 21. Pressure sensor; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Catenary pole; 24. Undulating road surface simulation section; 25. Bend pothole simulation section; 26. Straight road uphill and downhill simulation section; 27. Bend uphill and downhill simulation section; 28. Driving motor. Detailed Embodiment

[0027] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the following will further describe the present invention in combination with embodiments. This embodiment is only used to explain the present invention and does not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The change in the contact pressure between the pantograph and the catenary directly affects the current collection performance. If the contact pressure is too small, it is easy for the pantograph to leave the line, resulting in burns at the pantograph-catenary contact interface; while if the contact pressure is too large, it will cause local bending of the contact wire, leading to fatigue damage of the contact wire. At the same time, it will also increase the wear of the sliding plate and the contact wire, increasing the replacement frequency of the sliding plate. In this way, the operating cost will be increased. Seriously, it may even cause pantograph-catenary accidents such as the breakage of the sliding plate or the contact wire. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability of the pantograph-catenary system, it is necessary to equip the pantograph-catenary system with a detection device to detect the operating state of the pantograph-catenary system.

[0029] When within the standard height range of the DC catenary, the pressure of the pantograph system on the catenary should comply with the relevant regulations of the pantograph technical standard, that is, the static contact pressure between the pantograph and the catenary should be adjustable within the range of 70N - 150N, and the pantograph should maintain stable contact when sliding on the overhead catenary during driving.

[0030] At present, the pressure detection of the pantograph is limited to static pressure detection or contact pressure detection under different accelerations. However, during vehicle driving, due to the diversity of road conditions, the dynamic pressure fluctuation range of the pantograph under different road conditions may exceed or be lower than the rated contact pressure between the pantograph and the catenary. Exceeding the rated pressure range will cause damage to the pantograph or the catenary, and being lower than the rated pressure may lead to poor contact between the pantograph and the catenary, forming current fluctuations and damaging electrical components such as vehicle motors, resulting in losses. That is, the existing devices cannot simulate the pressure detection of the pantograph under different road conditions.

[0031] Based on the above problems, this embodiment provides a pantograph pressure detection device, according to the attached drawings of the specification Figures 1 - 5As shown in the figure, the detection device includes a base plate 1, a driving mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an installation and moving mechanism, a detection network mechanism, and a road surface simulation mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a driving box 2, a transmission sprocket 3, a transmission chain 4, a main controller 5, an annular groove 6, and a connecting plate 7. A driving box 2 is provided in the middle of the upper part of the base plate 1. Transmission sprockets 3 are symmetrically arranged in the driving box 2. Rotating shafts are provided at both ends of the driving box, and the transmission sprockets are arranged on the rotating shafts. A transmission chain 4 is arranged between the transmission sprockets 3. A main controller 5 is arranged in the driving box 2. An annular groove 6 is arranged outside the driving box 2. Connecting plates 7 are symmetrically arranged on the transmission chain 4 passing through the annular groove 6. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to a link segment of the transmission chain. The installation and moving mechanism includes a simulated vehicle head 8, an electric lifting rod 9, a lifting installation seat 10, and wheels 11. A simulated vehicle head 8 is arranged outside the connecting plate 7 through the connecting mechanism. An electric lifting rod 9 is arranged on the simulated vehicle head 8 to provide a lifting installation seat 10. The electric lifting rod is embedded in the simulated vehicle head. The lifting installation seat is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric lifting rod, and guide rods are also arranged between both sides and the simulated vehicle head. Wheels 11 are symmetrically arranged below the simulated vehicle head 8. The connection structure of the wheels can be the same as that of a real vehicle, with a steering structure and a shock absorption structure. A detection network mechanism is arranged above the driving box 2, and a road surface simulation mechanism is arranged on the base plate 1 outside the driving box 2.

[0032] On one side of the outside of the connecting plate 7, a fixing plate 12 is fixedly arranged. Between the inner side of the fixing plate 12 and the side walls of the driving box 2 on the upper and lower sides of the annular groove 6, rollers 13 are arranged. The rollers are embedded in the inner side surface of the fixing plate. The connecting mechanism includes a rotary connecting head 14, a connecting sleeve 15, and a connecting column 16. A rotary connecting head 14 is arranged at the outer end of the connecting plate 7. A connecting sleeve 15 is arranged outside the rotary connecting head 14. The rear side of the connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the rotary connecting head through a bearing. A connecting column 16 is arranged on the front side of the simulated vehicle head 8. An extension ear is arranged on the front side of the simulated vehicle head, and the connecting column is vertically fixed on the upper side of the extension ear. The connecting sleeve 15 is sleeved and adapted to the connecting column 16, ensuring that the simulated vehicle head and the connecting plate will not fall off when encountering bumpy roads and uphill and downhill slopes.

[0033] On the rear side of the simulated vehicle head 8, adjusting telescopic rods 17 are symmetrically embedded. An extension plate 18 is arranged between the telescopic ends of the adjusting telescopic rods 17. Wheels 11 are also symmetrically arranged below the extension plate 18, which is used to simulate the pressure change detection of the pantograph of vehicles of different lengths under different road conditions.

[0034] The detection network mechanism includes a top side plate 19, a fixing seat 20, a pressure sensor 21, a connecting rod 22, and a catenary pole 23. A top side plate 19 is arranged on the upper side of the driving box 2. Fixing seats 20 are symmetrically distributed on the lower side of the top side plate 19. A connecting rod 22 is arranged below the fixing seat 20 through a pressure sensor 21. A catenary pole 23 is fixedly arranged below the connecting plate 7. The catenary pole 23 corresponds to the road surface simulation mechanism.

[0035] The pressure sensor 21 is electrically connected to the main controller 5. The lower part of the fixing seat 20 has an embedded groove structure, and the upper end of the connecting rod 22 extends into the groove through the pressure sensor 21 and is fixedly connected.

[0036] The road surface simulation mechanism includes a wavy road surface simulation section 24, a curved road pothole simulation section 25, a straight road uphill and downhill simulation section 26, and a curved road uphill and downhill simulation section 27. The wavy road surface simulation section 24, the curved road pothole simulation section 25, the straight road uphill and downhill simulation section 26, and the curved road uphill and downhill simulation section 27 are annularly and sequentially distributed on the base plate 1 outside the drive box 2.

[0037] The wavy road surface simulation section is a wavy road surface with a certain length and staggered settings, simulating a normal continuous wavy road surface; the curved road pothole simulation section has multiple irregular depressions, simulating the pothole conditions of the curved road surface; the straight road uphill and downhill simulation section is divided into uphill, flat road, and downhill sections, simulating the uphill and downhill conditions of the straight road; the curved road uphill and downhill simulation section is also divided into uphill, flat road, and downhill sections, but it simulates the uphill and downhill curved road conditions.

[0038] A drive motor 28 is also provided in the drive box 2. The output end of the drive motor 28 is belt-driven with the transmission sprocket 3. Belt wheels are provided on the rotating shaft of the transmission sprocket and the output end of the drive motor, and the belt wheels are belt-driven through a belt. The transmission method can also be gear and belt transmission. The drive motor 28 is also electrically connected to the main controller 5.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] According to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a detection method for a pantograph pressure detection device, including the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: First, fix and install the pantograph above the lifting mounting seat 10, and then adjust the height of the lifting mounting seat 10 through the electric lifting rod 9 to adjust the height of the pantograph so that it contacts and applies pressure to the catenary pole 23.

[0042] Step 2: Start the drive motor 28 to drive the transmission sprocket 3 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting plate 7 on the transmission chain to move. The connecting plate 7 is connected to the simulation vehicle head 8 through a connecting mechanism, and further makes the simulation vehicle head 8 move, driving it through the road surface simulation mechanism for diversified detection.

[0043] Step 3: When the simulation vehicle head 8 passes through different sections of the road surface simulation mechanism, due to different road conditions, the pressure on the upper catenary pole 23 will also change. The changed value is detected by the pressure sensor 21 at the upper end of the connecting rod 22 and is transmitted to the terminal by the main controller 5 in real time for processing.

[0044] Step 4: On the straight flat section of the road surface simulation mechanism, the driving motor 28 is controlled to drive the simulation vehicle head 8 to perform acceleration motions at different speeds to detect the contact pressure under different acceleration conditions, and the main controller 5 transmits the detection data of the pressure sensor 21 to the terminal in real time for processing;

[0045] Step 5: On the uphill and downhill sections of the road surface simulation mechanism, due to different vehicle lengths, the inclination angles when the simulation vehicle head 8 enters and exits the uphill and downhill are different. The length of the telescopic rod 17 is controlled and adjusted to adjust the position of the extension plate 18 for vehicle length adjustment, and the pressure of the pantograph on the uphill and downhill with different vehicle lengths is detected. The data is transmitted to the terminal by the pressure sensor 21 in real time for processing;

[0046] Step 6: The terminal makes a final judgment after processing the data, and redesigns the structure of the pantograph and adjusts the fluctuation range of the pressure applied to the catenary pole 23 according to the judgment result.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pantograph pressure detection device, characterized in that: It includes a base plate (1), a driving mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an installation and moving mechanism, a detection net mechanism and a road surface simulation mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a driving box (2), a transmission sprocket (3), a transmission chain (4), a main controller (5), an annular groove (6) and a connecting plate (7). A driving box (2) is provided in the middle of the upper part of the base plate (1). Transmission sprockets (3) are symmetrically provided in the driving box (2). A transmission chain (4) is provided between the transmission sprockets (3). A main controller (5) is provided in the driving box (2). An annular groove (6) is provided outside the driving box (2). Connecting plates (7) are symmetrically provided on the transmission chain (4) passing through the annular groove (6). The installation and moving mechanism includes a simulated vehicle head (8), an electric lifting rod (9), a lifting mounting seat (10) and wheels (11). The simulated vehicle head (8) is provided outside the connecting plate (7) through a connecting mechanism. A lifting mounting seat (10) is provided on the simulated vehicle head (8) through an electric lifting rod (9). Wheels (11) are symmetrically provided below the simulated vehicle head (8). A detection net mechanism is provided above the driving box (2). A road surface simulation mechanism is provided on the base plate (1) outside the driving box (2); One side outside the connecting plate (7) is provided with a fixing plate (12). Rollers (13) are provided between the inner side of the fixing plate (12) and the side walls of the driving box (2) on the upper and lower sides of the annular groove (6). The connecting mechanism includes a rotary connector (14), a connecting sleeve (15) and a connecting column (16). A rotary connector (14) is provided at the outer end of the connecting plate (7). A connecting sleeve (15) is provided outside the rotary connector (14). A connecting column (16) is provided on the front side of the simulated vehicle head (8). The connecting sleeve (15) is sleeved and adapted to the connecting column (16); The detection net mechanism includes a top side plate (19), a fixing seat (20), a pressure sensor (21), a connecting rod (22) and a catenary pole (23). A top side plate (19) is provided on the upper side of the driving box (2). Fixing seats (20) are symmetrically distributed below the top side plate (19). A connecting rod (22) is provided below the fixing seat (20) through a pressure sensor (21). A catenary pole (23) is provided below the connecting plate (7). The catenary pole (23) corresponds to the road surface simulation mechanism; The road surface simulation mechanism includes a undulating road surface simulation section (24), a curved road pothole simulation section (25), a straight road uphill and downhill simulation section (26) and a curved road uphill and downhill simulation section (27). The undulating road surface simulation section (24), the curved road pothole simulation section (25), the straight road uphill and downhill simulation section (26) and the curved road uphill and downhill simulation section (27) are sequentially distributed in a ring on the base plate (1) outside the driving box (2).

2. The pantograph pressure detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjustable telescopic rods (17) are symmetrically provided at the rear side of the simulated vehicle head (8). An extension plate (18) is provided between the telescopic ends of the adjustable telescopic rods (17). Wheels (11) are also symmetrically provided below the extension plate (18).

3. The pantograph pressure detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (21) is electrically connected to the main controller (5). The lower part of the fixed seat (20) is of an embedded groove structure, and the upper end of the connecting rod (22) extends into the groove through the pressure sensor (21) and is fixedly connected.

4. The pantograph pressure detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive motor (28) is further provided in the drive box (2). The output end of the drive motor (28) is belt-driven with the transmission sprocket (3), and the drive motor (28) is also electrically connected to the main controller (5).

5. The detection method of a pantograph pressure detection device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: First, fix the pantograph above the lifting mounting seat (10), and then adjust the height of the lifting mounting seat (10) through the electric lifting rod (9) to adjust the height of the pantograph so that it contacts and applies pressure to the catenary pole (23). Step 2: Start the drive motor (28) to drive the transmission sprocket (3) to rotate, thereby driving the connecting plate (7) on the transmission chain to move. The connecting plate (7) is connected to the simulation headstock (8) through a connecting mechanism, and further moves the simulation headstock (8) to drive it through the road surface simulation mechanism for diversified detection. Step 3: When the simulation headstock (8) passes through different sections of the road surface simulation mechanism, due to different road conditions, the pressure on the upper catenary pole (23) will also change. The changed value is detected by the pressure sensor (21) at the upper end of the connecting rod (22), and is transmitted to the terminal by the main controller (5) in real time for processing. Step 4: On the straight flat section of the road surface simulation mechanism, control the drive motor (28) to drive the simulation headstock (8) to perform accelerated motions at different speeds to detect the contact pressure under different acceleration conditions, and the main controller (5) transmits the detection data of the pressure sensor (21) to the terminal in real time for processing. Step 5: On the uphill and downhill sections of the road surface simulation mechanism, due to different vehicle lengths, the inclination angles of the simulation headstock (8) when entering and exiting the uphill and downhill are different. Control and adjust the length of the telescopic rod (17) to adjust the position of the extension plate (18) for vehicle length adjustment, and perform pressure detection on the pantograph during uphill and downhill of different vehicle lengths. The data is transmitted to the terminal by the pressure sensor (21) in real time for processing. Step 6: The terminal makes a final judgment after processing the data, and redesigns the structure of the pantograph and adjusts the fluctuation range of the pressure applied to the catenary pole (23) according to the judgment result.

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