Anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing fire and impact real-time coupling

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing fire and impact real-time coupling. The anti-collapse performance test system comprises a movable drop hammer impact device, a fire heating device, a boundary constraint device and a loading control and data acquisition device, the movable drop hammer impact device is used for applying an impact load at any position to the three-column two-beam type substructure model; the fire heating device is used for heating the substructure model and simulating a real fire scene; the boundary constraint device is used for providing different boundary constraint conditions for the substructure model; and the loading control and data acquisition device is used for controlling the fire heating and drop hammer impact process and acquiring test data. According to the invention, the anti-collapse performance test research of the three-column two-beam type substructure model under the fire hazard and impact real-time coupling can be realized, the influence of boundary constraint on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model can be considered, the arbitrary change of the impact position of the drop hammer can be realized, and the diversified requirements of the anti-collapse performance test under the multi-disaster coupling can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction of building structures, and in particular relates to an anti-collapse performance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and urbanization, steel structures have been increasingly widely used in multi-story and large public buildings due to their advantages of light weight, high strength, environmental protection, energy saving, and fast construction. However, steel has poor fire resistance and is prone to deterioration of mechanical properties such as yield strength after experiencing high temperature in fire. Therefore, steel structures are more likely to collapse overall in fire than concrete structures.

[0003] The progressive collapse of steel structures is usually caused by accidental effects such as explosions, impacts or fires, which in turn trigger a larger-scale collapse that is disproportionate to the initial damage or even an overall collapse. From the perspective of the service life of the building structure, the above-mentioned different disasters often have a certain correlation. For example, when a steel structure is subjected to a fire, the upper floors fail due to the fire, and the lower structures that are affected by the fire are also impacted by the upper failed falling components, causing the structure to collapse as a whole; the fire triggers an explosion of explosives, and the steel structure components are severely damaged by the combined impact of the fire and the explosion splashes. Therefore, the study of the progressive collapse resistance of steel structures under the coupling of fire and impact during the full life cycle has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of structural disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0004] In order to minimize the risk of progressive collapse of steel structures after the coupling of fire and impact, researchers must deeply understand and master the failure process of steel structures under the coupling of fire and impact through model tests. At present, the experimental research on the progressive collapse of building structures is mainly focused on the working state at room temperature, while there are relatively few experimental studies on the anti-collapse of building structures under fire or high temperature, and most of them use numerical simulation methods. Due to the limitations of existing test equipment, there has been almost no experimental research on the anti-progressive collapse of fire and impact coupling so far.

[0005] The anti-collapse, fire-resistant or impact-resistant test devices disclosed in authorized patents CN202010010128.1, CN201810730155.4, CN201910242376.6, CN201810985139.4, CN202010757704.9, and CN201710817352.X still have the following problems: (1) It is impossible to realize the real-time coupling of fire and impact loads, and thus it is impossible to reveal the failure process of components under the coupling of fire and impact; (2) It is impossible to adopt the "three-column and two-beam" substructure that is more widely used in the anti-continuous collapse test, and thus it is impossible to consider the influence of surrounding constraints on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure; (3) It is impossible to realize arbitrary changes in the drop hammer impact position, and thus it is impossible to study the influence of different impact positions on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure.

[0006] In order to expand the research methods of the anti-collapse performance of building structures under multiple disasters, the present invention is committed to developing an anti-collapse test system and loading method that can realize the coupling effect of fire and impact. The system and test method can solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-collapse performance test system which can realize real-time coupling of fire and impact. The system adopts a "three-column and two-beam" substructure model which is more widely used in anti-continuous collapse tests. The system can study the influence of peripheral constraints on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model, and realize arbitrary changes in the impact position of the drop hammer, thereby studying the influence of different impact positions on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a collapse resistance performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact, comprising:

[0009] The fire heating device heats the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model to simulate a real fire scene;

[0010] A "three-column and two-beam" substructure model is arranged inside the fire heating device, and the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model is used to bear impact loads;

[0011] A boundary constraint device is arranged outside the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and the boundary constraint device is used to support the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model and detect the axial force and displacement of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model when it is subjected to an impact load;

[0012] A movable drop-hammer impact device is arranged above the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and the movable drop-hammer impact device is used to apply an impact load to the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model;

[0013] The supporting mechanism is arranged outside the fire heating device, and the movable drop hammer impact device is arranged on the supporting mechanism.

[0014] A collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact is provided based on the present invention. The fire heating device comprises a fire test furnace, a heating belt is arranged inside the fire test furnace, insulation cotton is arranged between the heating belt and the inner wall of the fire test furnace, a signal line and a thermocouple 1 are also arranged inside the fire test furnace, and the thermocouple 1 is electrically connected to the fire furnace heating control system through the signal line.

[0015] A collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact is disclosed. The fire test furnace comprises a front plate, a rear plate, an upper plate, a lower plate, and two side plates. The front plate, the rear plate, the lower plate, and the two side plates form a rectangular parallelepiped with an opening at the top. The upper plate can be detachably installed at the position of the opening at the top of the rectangular parallelepiped. The thermal insulation cotton and the heating belt are arranged on the inner side walls of the front plate, the rear plate, and the lower plate.

[0016] A collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact is disclosed. The "three-column and two-beam" substructure model comprises a first side column and a second side column. The first side column and the second side column are vertically and detachably arranged at two ends inside the fire test furnace. The first side column is fixedly connected to one end of a horizontally arranged left span beam section on the side wall close to the second side column, and the second side column is fixedly connected to one end of a horizontally arranged right span beam section on the side wall close to the first side column. Signal lines and thermocouple 2 are both arranged on the top ends of the left span beam section and the top ends of the right span beam section. An impact force-bearing part is fixedly connected between the other ends of the left span beam section and the other ends of the right span beam section. The left span beam section, the right span beam section and the impact force-bearing part are all located inside the fire test furnace.

[0017] A collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact is provided based on the present invention, wherein the impact force-bearing part comprises a failed middle column, wherein the failed middle column is fixedly arranged between the left span beam section and the right span beam section, the failed middle column is vertically arranged, and a load sensor 1 and a displacement meter 1 are arranged at the top of the failed middle column.

[0018] According to the anti-collapse performance test system of the present invention which can realize real-time coupling of fire and impact, the top of the first side column and the top of the second side column are both provided with side column axial force self-balancing devices.

[0019] Based on the present invention, a collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact, the boundary constraint device comprises two triangular reaction frames, one of which is arranged corresponding to the first side column, and the other of which is arranged corresponding to the second side column, two horizontal jacks are arranged between the triangular reaction frame and the first side column and / or the second side column, the two horizontal jacks are arranged with an interval up and down, the fixed end of the horizontal jack is fixedly connected to the triangular reaction frame, the movable end of the horizontal jack is hinged to the first side column and / or the second side column, the movable end of the horizontal jack is provided with a displacement meter 2, the upper horizontal jack is provided with a load sensor 2, and the lower horizontal jack is provided with a load sensor 3.

[0020] A collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact is disclosed. The movable drop-hammer impact device comprises a slidable crossbeam, the slidable crossbeam is slidably arranged at the top of the support mechanism, one end of a steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the middle of two opposite side walls of the slidable crossbeam respectively, the other end of the steel wire rope is wound on a winch, the winch is fixedly arranged at the top of the support mechanism, two truss guide rails are fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the slidable crossbeam, the two truss guide rails are vertically spaced apart, a gravity drop hammer is slidably arranged between the two truss guide rails, an electromagnet is arranged at the middle of the bottom end of the slidable crossbeam, the gravity drop hammer is magnetically connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected to a drop hammer control system.

[0021] A collapse resistance test system capable of realizing real-time coupling of fire and impact is disclosed in the present invention. The support mechanism comprises four frame columns. The four frame columns are arranged at intervals. A horizontal frame beam is fixedly connected between the top side walls of two adjacent frame columns. The two opposite horizontal frame beams are parallel to each other.

[0022] According to the anti-collapse performance test system of the present invention which can realize real-time coupling of fire and impact, the first side column and the left span beam section, the second side column and the right span beam section, the failed middle column and the left span beam section, and the right span beam section are fixedly connected through extended end plate nodes.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0024] The present invention can realize the real-time coupling of fire and impact and take into account the influence of the constraint effect of the surrounding structure through the coordinated work of the movable drop hammer impact device, the boundary constraint device, the fire heating device, the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and the loading control and data acquisition devices, and can also realize the arbitrary change of the impact position, thereby truly simulating the actual collapse process of the building structure caused by fire, and filling the gap in the test device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work:

[0026] Figure 1 The present invention is generally illustrated Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 The present invention is generally illustrated Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 12, failed center column; 13, first side column; 14, second side column; 15, left span beam section; 16, right span beam section; 18, extended end plate node; 21, sliding cross beam; 22, truss guide rail; 23, gravity drop hammer; 24, wire rope; 25, winch; 31, frame column; 32, horizontal frame beam; 33, triangular reaction frame; 34, horizontal jack; 35, side column axial force self-balancing device; 42, rear plate; 43, upper plate; 44, lower plate; 51, drop hammer control system; 52, fire furnace heating control system; 61, signal line; 62, load sensor one; 63, load sensor two; 64, load sensor three; 65, thermocouple one; 66, thermocouple two; 67, displacement meter one; 68, displacement meter two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a collapse resistance performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact, comprising:

[0033] The fire heating device heats the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model to simulate a real fire scene;

[0034] The "three-column and two-beam" substructure model is set inside the fire heating device. The "three-column and two-beam" substructure model is used to withstand impact loads;

[0035] A boundary constraint device is arranged outside the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and is used to support the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model and detect the axial force and displacement of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model when it is subjected to an impact load;

[0036] A movable drop-hammer impact device is arranged above the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and the movable drop-hammer impact device is used to apply an impact load to the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model;

[0037] The supporting mechanism is arranged outside the fire heating device, and the movable falling hammer impact device is arranged on the supporting mechanism.

[0038] Furthermore, the fire heating device includes a fire test furnace, a heating belt is arranged inside the fire test furnace, and insulation cotton is arranged between the heating belt and the inner wall of the fire test furnace. A signal line 61 and a thermocouple 65 are also arranged inside the fire test furnace. The thermocouple 65 is electrically connected to the fire furnace heating control system 52 through the signal line 61.

[0039] Furthermore, the fire test furnace includes a front plate, a rear plate 42, an upper plate 43, a lower plate 44, and two side plates. The front plate, the rear plate 42, the lower plate 44, and the two side plates form a rectangular parallelepiped with an opening at the top. The upper plate 43 can be detachably installed at the position of the opening at the top of the rectangular parallelepiped, and the insulation cotton and the heating belt are arranged on the inner walls of the front plate, the rear plate 42, and the lower plate 44.

[0040] The fire heating device is mainly used to surround the substructure model and heat the model. The front plate, the rear plate 42 and the lower plate 44 are connected together to form a fixed part, and the upper plate 43 can be hoisted and disassembled to form a movable part, which is convenient for the installation of the substructure model before heating. Thermocouple 65 is used to collect the temperature in the furnace. The heating belt is connected to the fire furnace heating control system 52. The fire furnace heating control system 52 can be freely adjusted according to the test needs to obtain different fire heating processes.

[0041] Furthermore, the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model includes a first side column 13 and a second side column 14, which are vertically and detachably arranged at both ends inside the fire test furnace, and the side wall of the first side column 13 close to the second side column 14 is fixedly connected to one end of a horizontally arranged left span beam section 15, and the side wall of the second side column 14 close to the first side column 13 is fixedly connected to one end of a horizontally arranged right span beam section 16, and the top of the left span beam section 15 and the top of the right span beam section 16 are both provided with a signal line 61 and a thermocouple 66, and an impact force-bearing part is fixedly connected between the other end of the left span beam section 15 and the other end of the right span beam section 16, and the left span beam section 15, the right span beam section 16, and the impact force-bearing part are all located inside the fire test furnace.

[0042] Furthermore, the impact force-bearing part includes a failed center column 12, which is fixedly arranged between the left span beam section 15 and the right span beam section 16. The failed center column 12 is vertically arranged, and a load sensor 62 and a displacement meter 67 are arranged at the top of the failed center column 12.

[0043] Furthermore, a side column axial force self-balancing device 35 is provided at the top of the first side column 13 and the top of the second side column 14 .

[0044] Furthermore, the boundary constraint device includes two triangular reaction frames 33, one triangular reaction frame 33 is arranged corresponding to the first side column 13, and the other triangular reaction frame 33 is arranged corresponding to the second side column 14. Two horizontal jacks 34 are arranged between the triangular reaction frame 33 and the first side column 13 and / or the second side column 14. The two horizontal jacks 34 are arranged at intervals up and down, the fixed ends of the horizontal jacks 34 are fixedly connected to the triangular reaction frame 33, and the movable ends of the horizontal jacks 34 are hinged to the first side column 13 and / or the second side column 14. The movable ends of the horizontal jacks 34 are provided with displacement meters 2 68, the upper horizontal jack 34 is provided with load sensors 2 63, and the lower horizontal jack 34 is provided with load sensors 3 64.

[0045] The frame column 31 and the horizontal frame beam 32 are vertically connected by bolts to form a frame structure arranged longitudinally along the periphery of the structure. Two triangular reaction frames 33 are hingedly connected to the top and middle positions of the first side column 13 and the second side column 14 through four horizontal jacks 34. By applying different axial forces to the four horizontal jacks 34, the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model under different peripheral constraints can be studied.

[0046] As an embodiment that can be added to the present invention, the side column axial force self-balancing device 35 is composed of four high-strength threaded rods, a vertical jack (with a force sensor installed on the head) and a column end plate. Through the side column axial force self-balancing device 35, different side column axial compression ratios can be applied to the substructure model, thereby reflecting the gravity load effect transmitted to the substructure model.

[0047] Furthermore, the movable drop hammer impact device includes a slidable cross beam 21, which is slidably set at the top of the support mechanism, and one end of a steel wire rope 24 is fixedly connected to the middle of two opposite side walls of the slidable cross beam 21, and the other end of the steel wire rope 24 is wound around a winch 25, and the winch 25 is fixedly set at the top of the support mechanism. Two truss guide rails 22 are fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the slidable cross beam 21, and the two truss guide rails 22 are vertically spaced apart. A gravity drop hammer 23 is slidably set between the two truss guide rails 22, and an electromagnet is set in the middle of the bottom end of the slidable cross beam 21. The gravity drop hammer 23 is magnetically connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected to the drop hammer control system 51.

[0048] The truss rail 22 is fixed to the bottom of the slidable cross beam 21 by welding, and the gravity drop weight 23 is located between the truss rails 22 on both sides. The truss rail 22 plays a role in guiding the falling process of the gravity drop weight 23. One end of the wire rope 24 is connected to the slidable cross beam 21, and the other end is wound on the winch 25. The top of the gravity drop weight 23 is adsorbed by the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is connected to the drop weight control system 51 through the wire. The drop weight control system 51 controls the change of the height of the gravity drop weight 23 and the release of the gravity drop weight 23, so as to apply impact loads of different energies to the failed middle column 12, and collect real-time data through the load sensor 62. In order to realize the arbitrary change of the impact position of the gravity drop weight 23, the slidable cross beam 21 with rollers installed at both ends can be pulled to move arbitrarily in the upper flange rail of the support mechanism by starting the winch 25, and then the influence of different impact positions on the anti-collapse performance of the substructure model is studied. In the present invention, five special positions are selected for drop hammer impact test, including the left end of the left span beam section 15, the middle position of the left span beam section 15, the position of the failed center column 12, the middle position of the right span beam section 16, and the right end of the right span beam section 16.

[0049] Furthermore, the supporting mechanism includes four frame columns 31, and the four frame columns 31 are arranged at intervals. A horizontal frame beam 32 is fixedly connected between the top side walls of two adjacent frame columns 31, and two opposite horizontal frame beams 32 are parallel to each other.

[0050] Furthermore, the first side column 13 and the left span beam section 15 , the second side column 14 and the right span beam section 16 , and the failed middle column 12 and the left span beam section 15 and the right span beam section 16 are fixedly connected via the extended end plate nodes 18 .

[0051] The signal line 61, load sensor 1 62, load sensor 2 63, load sensor 3 64, thermocouple 1 65, thermocouple 2 66, displacement meter 1 67 and displacement meter 2 68 together constitute a data acquisition device. Load sensor 1 62 and displacement meter 1 67 are respectively used to test the instantaneous impact force and instantaneous displacement of the impact part; load sensor 2 63 and displacement meter 2 68 are respectively used to test the axial pressure and axial displacement applied by the horizontal jack 34 to the first side column 13 and the second side column 14; load sensor 3 64 is used to monitor whether the axial pressure ratio applied to the first side column 13 and the second side column 14 changes during the fire heating process; thermocouple 1 65 and thermocouple 2 66 are both arranged inside the fire heating device, and thermocouple 2 66 is in contact with the left span beam section 15 and the right span beam section 16, and thermocouple 1 65 and thermocouple 2 66 are both connected to the signal line 61, wherein thermocouple 1 65 is used to measure the temperature in the furnace, and thermocouple 2 66 is used to measure the surface temperature of the left span beam section 15 and the right span beam section 16.

[0052] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0053] At the beginning of the test, the target axial force and temperature history are input through the data acquisition system.

[0054] The two ends and the bottom of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model to be tested are fixed to four horizontal jacks 34 and a base respectively, wherein two horizontal jacks 34 are flush with the upper end of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model to be tested. A side column axial force self-balancing device 35 is installed on the first side column 13 and the second side column 14 of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model in the vertical direction. Displacement meter 2 68 and displacement meter 1 67 are installed at the connection between the horizontal jack 34 and the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model and at the upper end of the failed middle column 12 to feedback the displacement change of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and load sensor 2 63 and load sensor 3 64 are installed on the head of the horizontal jack 34 to measure the axial force.

[0055] Place the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model at the opening of the upper plate 43 of the fire stove, and then assemble the fire stove. First, assemble the lower plate 44, the rear plate 42 and the left and right side plates of the fire stove, and then use the lifting equipment to place the upper plate 43 of the fire stove in a suitable position, arrange thermocouple 1 65 on the rear plate 42, and arrange thermocouple 2 66 on the surface of the left span beam section 15 and the right span beam section 16. Use thermocouple 1 65 and thermocouple 2 66 to reflect the temperature inside the furnace.

[0056] The electromagnet is energized to make the top of the gravity drop hammer 23 adsorb to the electromagnet, and the height of the gravity drop hammer 23 is adjusted by the drop hammer control system 51. The winch 25 is started to slide the slidable crossbeam 21 in the horizontal direction to adjust the target position of the gravity drop hammer 23.

[0057] The fire furnace is heated up through the fire furnace temperature control system 52, and the temperature in the furnace is reflected through the thermocouple 1 65 and the thermocouple 2 66.

[0058] After the furnace reaches a predetermined temperature, the electromagnet is powered off, causing the gravity drop weight 23 to fall and impact the failed middle column 12, the left span beam section 15, and the right span beam section 16.

[0059] The vertical instantaneous impact displacement of the "three columns and two beams" substructure model is measured by a displacement meter 1 67, the horizontal displacement of the "three columns and two beams" substructure model is measured by a displacement meter 2 68, the impact force of the "three columns and two beams" substructure model is recorded by a load sensor 1 62, the horizontal constraint axial force of the "three columns and two beams" substructure model is fed back by a load sensor 2 63, and the dynamic change of the horizontal axial force of the "three columns and two beams" substructure model is monitored by a load sensor 3 64.

[0060] The data is collected and stored by controlling the data acquisition system, the gravity drop weight 23 is withdrawn, the test piece is removed, and the test is ended.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0062] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collapse resistance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact, characterized in that: include Fire heating device, which heats the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model to simulate a real fire scene; A "three-column and two-beam" substructure model is arranged inside the fire heating device, and the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model is used to bear impact loads; A boundary constraint device is arranged outside the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and the boundary constraint device is used to support the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model and detect the axial force and displacement of the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model when it is subjected to an impact load; A movable drop hammer impact device is arranged above the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model, and the movable drop hammer impact device is used to apply an impact load to the "three-column and two-beam" substructure model; The supporting mechanism is arranged outside the fire heating device, and the movable drop hammer impact device is arranged on the supporting mechanism.

2. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire temperature increasing device comprises a fire test furnace, a heating belt is arranged inside the fire test furnace, and heat insulation cotton is arranged between the heating belt and the inner wall of the fire test furnace. A signal line (61) and a thermocouple 1 (65) are also arranged inside the fire test furnace, and the thermocouple 1 (65) is electrically connected to the fire furnace temperature increasing control system (52) through the signal line (61).

3. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire test furnace comprises a front plate, a rear plate (42), an upper plate (43), a lower plate (44), and two side plates; the front plate, the rear plate (42), the lower plate (44), and the two side plates form a rectangular parallelepiped with an opening at the top; the upper plate (43) can be detachably installed at the position of the opening at the top of the rectangular parallelepiped; the heat insulation cotton and the heating belt are arranged on the inner side walls of the front plate, the rear plate (42), and the lower plate (44).

4. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: The "three-column and two-beam" substructure model comprises a first side column (13) and a second side column (14), wherein the first side column (13) and the second side column (14) are vertically detachably arranged at two ends inside the fire test furnace, wherein the first side column (13) is fixedly connected to a side wall of a horizontally arranged left span beam section (15) near the second side column (14), wherein the second side column (14) is fixedly connected to a side wall of a horizontally arranged right span beam section (16) near the first side column (13), wherein the top end of the left span beam section (15) and the top end of the right span beam section (16) are both provided with a signal line (61) and a second thermocouple (66), wherein an impact force bearing portion is fixedly connected between the other end of the left span beam section (15) and the other end of the right span beam section (16), wherein the left span beam section (15), the right span beam section (16) and the impact force bearing portion are all located inside the fire test furnace.

5. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impact force-bearing part comprises a failed middle column (12), wherein the failed middle column (12) is fixedly arranged between the left span beam section (15) and the right span beam section (16), the failed middle column (12) is arranged vertically, and a load sensor (62) and a displacement meter (67) are arranged at the top of the failed middle column (12).

6. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of the first side column (13) and the top end of the second side column (14) are both provided with side column axial force self-balancing devices (35).

7. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boundary constraint device comprises two triangular reaction frames (33), one of the triangular reaction frames (33) is arranged corresponding to the first side column (13), and the other triangular reaction frame (33) is arranged corresponding to the second side column (14), two horizontal jacks (34) are arranged between the triangular reaction frame (33) and the first side column (13) and / or the second side column (14), the two horizontal jacks (34) are arranged with an interval up and down, the fixed end of the horizontal jack (34) is fixedly connected to the triangular reaction frame (33), the movable end of the horizontal jack (34) is hinged to the first side column (13) and / or the second side column (14), the movable end of the horizontal jack (34) is provided with a displacement meter 2 (68), the upper horizontal jack (34) is provided with a load sensor 2 (63), and the lower horizontal jack (34) is provided with a load sensor 3 (64).

8. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable drop hammer impact device comprises a slidable cross beam (21), the slidable cross beam (21) is slidably arranged at the top of the support mechanism, one end of a steel wire rope (24) is fixedly connected to the middle of two opposite side walls of the slidable cross beam (21), the other end of the steel wire rope (24) is wound around a winch (25), and the winch (25) is fixedly arranged at the top of the support mechanism, two truss guide rails (22) are fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the slidable cross beam (21), the two truss guide rails (22) are vertically spaced, a gravity drop hammer (23) is slidably arranged between the two truss guide rails (22), an electromagnet is arranged at the middle of the bottom end of the slidable cross beam (21), the gravity drop hammer (23) is magnetically connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected to the drop hammer control system (51).

9. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism comprises four frame columns (31), the four frame columns (31) are arranged at intervals, a horizontal frame beam (32) is fixedly connected between the top side walls of two adjacent frame columns (31), and two opposite horizontal frame beams (32) are parallel to each other.

10. The anti-collapse performance test system capable of achieving real-time coupling of fire and impact according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first side column (13) and the left span beam section (15), the second side column (14) and the right span beam section (16), the failed middle column (12) and the left span beam section (15), and the right span beam section (16) are fixedly connected via an extended end plate node (18).

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