Device and method for testing shock resistance of steam turbine and supporting structure of steam turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for testing shock resistance of a steam turbine and a supporting structure thereof, and relates to a power system shock resistance testing technology. In the device, the steam turbine scaling model is fixed on the vibration impact table through the fixing tool; the vibration impact console outputs an impact load waveform signal to the vibration impact table to enable the vibration impact table to generate vibration response; the data acquisition system acquires strain data and acceleration data of the steam turbine scaling model; and the calculation processing module is used for analyzing the strain data and the acceleration data to obtain vibration characteristics of the steam turbine scaling model. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an actually measured impact load waveform signal, taking the signal as an input source to drive a vibration impact table so as to control the vibration impact table to output an impact load to a steam turbine scaling model, collecting strain data and acceleration data of a specific position of the steam turbine scaling model, and analyzing the strain data and the acceleration data to obtain the impact load of the steam turbine scaling model. And the impact resistance of the steam turbine scaling model is obtained. The method can be used for evaluating the impact resistance of the steam turbine and the supporting structure thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power system impact resistance performance testing. Background Art

[0002] Steam turbines are crucial components of power systems. Within these systems, they carry enormous loads, and external shocks can severely impact the turbine and its supporting structure. Under impact loads (such as collisions), the supporting structure is susceptible to damage or failure, impacting the safety of the turbine and the power system as a whole. Therefore, research on the impact resistance of steam turbines and their supporting structures is necessary to provide a basis for their optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to meet the development needs of the existing technology and to provide a device and method for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure.

[0004] A device for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure of the present invention comprises: a vibration impact console, a vibration impact table, a fixing tool, a scaled model of the steam turbine, a data acquisition system and a calculation and processing module; the scaled model of the steam turbine is fixed to the vibration impact table by the fixing tool; the vibration impact console is used to output an impact load waveform signal to the vibration impact table, so that the vibration impact table generates a vibration response; the data acquisition system is used to collect strain data and acceleration data of the scaled model of the steam turbine; and the calculation and processing module is used to analyze the strain data and acceleration data to obtain the vibration characteristics of the scaled model of the steam turbine.

[0005] Optionally, the turbine scale model includes a cylinder, a rotating shaft, a bearing and a bearing base; the rotating shaft passes through the cylinder and is fixed to the cylinder through the bearing, the cylinder is fixed to the bearing base, and the bearing base is fixed to the fixed tooling.

[0006] Optionally, the fixing fixture is made of a steel plate, and the area and bolt hole positions of the fixing fixture are the same as those of the vibration impact table.

[0007] Optionally, the data acquisition system includes a strain gauge, an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition instrument; the strain gauge and the acceleration sensor are arranged on the surface of the steam turbine scale model; and the signal output ends of the strain gauge and the acceleration sensor are connected to the data acquisition instrument.

[0008] Optionally, the strain gauge is a unidirectional strain gauge.

[0009] Optionally, the strain gauge is arranged on the cylinder, the rotating shaft, and the connection between the bearing base and the fixing fixture.

[0010] Optionally, the acceleration sensor is arranged on the cylinder, the rotating shaft, the fixed fixture, and the connection between the bearing base and the fixed fixture.

[0011] A method for testing the impact resistance of a scaled-down model of a steam turbine according to the present invention comprises: obtaining a measured impact load waveform signal; using the impact load waveform signal as an input source to drive a vibration shock table so that the vibration shock table is controlled to output an impact load to the scaled-down model of the steam turbine; collecting strain data and acceleration data at specific positions of the scaled-down model of the steam turbine; and analyzing the strain data and the acceleration data to obtain the impact resistance of the scaled-down model of the steam turbine.

[0012] Optionally, the method further includes: preprocessing the strain data and the acceleration data.

[0013] Optionally, causing the controlled vibration shock platform to output the impact load to the scaled model of the steam turbine includes causing the controlled vibration shock platform to output the impact load to the scaled model of the steam turbine multiple times.

[0014] The present invention proposes a device and method for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure. Typical key parts of the steam turbine are used as measuring points, and acceleration sensors and strain gauges are arranged at the measuring points to measure the acceleration and strain of the typical key parts of the steam turbine. By changing the control signal of the vibration shock table, simulation of multiple types of impact loads is achieved. The measured data is analyzed by a calculation and processing module to obtain the vibration characteristics of the steam turbine scale model, providing a basis for the optimization of the steam turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a scaled-down model of a steam turbine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a fixing tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration impact table according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a data acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6It is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. The details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0022] As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprises", "includes" indicate the presence of features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B, or C" or "A, B, and / or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B, and C". Exceptions to this definition occur only when the combination of elements, functions, or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0023] In view of the problem that the existing technology lacks research on the impact resistance of steam turbines and their supporting structures under impact loads, the present invention provides a device and method for testing the impact resistance of steam turbines and their supporting structures, which uses an impact load waveform signal that can accurately simulate the impact load to perform impact testing on the steam turbine and its supporting structure.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the apparatus for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present application includes a computing and processing module 1, a fixture 2, a data acquisition system 3, a vibration and impact control console 4, a steam turbine scale model 5, and a vibration and impact platform 6. The steam turbine scale model 5 is fixed to the vibration and impact platform 6 via the fixture 2; the vibration and impact control console 4 outputs an impact load waveform signal to the vibration and impact platform 6, causing the vibration and impact platform 6 to generate a vibration response; the data acquisition system 3 collects strain data and acceleration data from the steam turbine scale model 5; and the computing and processing module 1 analyzes the strain and acceleration data to obtain the vibration characteristics of the steam turbine scale model 5.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the steam turbine scale model 5 according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the steam turbine scale model 5 mainly includes a cylinder 502, a rotating shaft 503 and a bearing base 501. The installation method is the same as that of the steam turbine. The rotating shaft 503 passes through the cylinder 502 along the central axis of the cylinder 502. The cylinder 502 is supported by the bearing base 501. The bottom of the bearing base 501 is installed on the fixed tool 2. The structure of the fixed tool 2 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the fixture 2 comprises a rectangular steel plate 201 with a thickness of 5 cm and a shape and size similar to that of the Figure 4 The vibration impact table 6 shown is the same as the one shown. The rectangular steel plate 201 is surrounded by bolt holes 202. The size and distribution of the holes are identical to the fixing holes 601 on the vibration impact table 6. The fixing fixture 2 is secured to the vibration impact table 6 by bolts. Upward-facing bolts are pre-installed on the rectangular steel plate 201. The size and distribution of the bolts match the holes at the bottom of the bearing base 501. The bolts are passed through the bolt holes at the bottom of the bearing base 501 and secured with locknuts 504.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, the data acquisition system 3 includes a data acquisition instrument 301, a strain gauge 302, and an acceleration sensor 303. The strain gauge 302 is a unidirectional strain gauge. The strain gauge 302 and the acceleration sensor 303 are arranged on the steam turbine scale model 5. The number and location of the strain gauges 302 and the acceleration sensor 303 can be determined according to requirements. Typically, the strain gauge 302 can be fixed with insulating tape and arranged respectively at the connection between the cylinder 502, the rotating shaft 503, and the bearing base 501 and the fixed fixture 2. The acceleration sensor 303 can be arranged respectively at the connection between the cylinder 502, the rotating shaft 503, the bearing base 501 and the fixed fixture 2, and the fixed fixture 2 by welding. The data acquisition instrument 301 is used to collect the output signals of the strain gauge 302 and the acceleration sensor 303 and send the collected signals to the calculation and processing module 1. The calculation and processing module 1 performs preprocessing such as denoising on the received data and analyzes the preprocessed data to obtain the impact resistance performance of the steam turbine scale model 5.

[0028] The vibration shock console 4 is connected to the vibration shock table 6 via a power cord. The vibration shock console 4 is capable of generating various forms of impact load waveform signals, which can be used as the power source for the vibration shock table 6. The vibration shock table 6 generates vibrations under the excitation of the impact load waveform signal and transmits the vibration response to the turbine scale model 5. The vibration condition of the vibration shock table 6 is consistent with the impact load waveform signal. The vibration shock table 6 is also equipped with a spring damping system, and the control signal of the spring damping system can also be given by the vibration shock console 4. The spring damping system can adjust the damping size of the system according to the requirements of different impact frequencies, thereby achieving the required stiffness and damping input, and simulating the response of the equipment to actual vibration.

[0029] Steam turbines can be used in a variety of scenarios. Taking a ship as an example, when a ship is hit, the steam turbine and its supporting structure (i.e., the bearing base 501) are impacted as a whole, and the impact is transmitted from the supporting structure to the cylinder and rotating shaft of the steam turbine. The steam turbine and its supporting structure impact resistance test device of the embodiment of the present application uses the steam turbine scale model 5 as a whole to impact the bearing base 501. The above device can simulate the real state of the steam turbine and its supporting structure under various load impacts. The stress and acceleration changes at the key positions of the steam turbine scale model 5 measured during the impact process can also truly reflect the stress and acceleration changes at the key positions of the steam turbine and its supporting structure under load impact, determine the impact load transfer law of the steam turbine under external load and the mechanical properties of the steam turbine, determine the weak position of the steam turbine based on the measured data and the damage of the steam turbine and its supporting structure, provide accurate data for the impact resistance research of the steam turbine and its supporting structure, and provide a basis for the optimized design of the steam turbine and its supporting structure.

[0030] An embodiment of the present application also provides a method for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure, the method comprising: obtaining a measured impact load waveform signal, and converting the impact load waveform signal into an electrical signal capable of driving a vibration table; using the electrical signal to drive the vibration table to output an impact load to the steam turbine and its supporting structure installed on the control vibration table; collecting stress data and acceleration data at specific positions on the steam turbine and its supporting structure; and analyzing the stress data and acceleration data to obtain the impact resistance of the steam turbine and its supporting structure.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the method starts at step S610.

[0032] In step S610 , a measured impact load waveform signal is obtained.

[0033] Taking a marine steam turbine as an example, a scaled-down model of the ship was constructed using the same materials as the actual ship. Accelerometers were placed at the base of the turbine support structure on the scaled-down model. A load impact test was conducted on the scaled-down model. During the test, the accelerometer output data was collected and fitted to obtain a fitted acceleration waveform signal. This fitted acceleration waveform signal was then converted into an electrical signal capable of driving the vibration table. When the accelerometer output data exhibited complex trends, a segmented fitting approach was employed to ensure that the fitted acceleration waveform signal accurately reflected the acceleration changes at the base of the turbine support structure in the scaled-down model when subjected to a load impact.

[0034] This step can also change the strength, position and angle of the load impact, perform multiple load impacts on the ship scale model, obtain multiple acceleration waveform signals, and convert the multiple acceleration waveform signals into multiple electrical signals that can drive the vibration impact platform to vibrate.

[0035] This step can also include adjusting each acquired electrical signal appropriately to obtain a set of electrical signals for each type of impact load. For example, the amplitude of an electrical signal can be adjusted to simulate impact loads of different magnitudes at the same location and angle.

[0036] Next, in step S620 , the vibration shock table is driven by an electrical signal to output an impact load to the scaled model of the steam turbine mounted on the vibration shock table.

[0037] Typically, the vibration shock table is driven by a vibration shock console. The multiple sets of electrical signals obtained in the previous step are stored in the vibration shock console, which then outputs a driving signal to the vibration shock table based on the waveform of the electrical signal. The vibration shock table vibrates under the drive of the driving signal, thereby impacting the turbine scale model.

[0038] Next, in step S630, stress data and acceleration data at specific locations on the scaled model of the steam turbine are collected.

[0039] Stress sensors and acceleration sensors are arranged on the scaled model of the steam turbine. Specifically, sensors can be arranged on the cylinder, rotating shaft and supporting base. During the vibration of the vibration table, stress and acceleration data at three positions of the cylinder, rotating shaft and supporting base are collected.

[0040] Next, in step S640, the stress data and acceleration data are analyzed to obtain the impact resistance performance of the steam turbine and its supporting structure.

[0041] The collected sensor output data is denoised and converted into stress data and acceleration data. Based on the stress data and acceleration data, combined with the damage condition of the turbine scale model, the impact resistance of the turbine and its supporting structure is obtained.

[0042] Steps S620 to S640 can be implemented using the steam turbine and its supporting structure impact resistance testing device of the embodiment of the present application. By precisely controlling vibration parameters and combining multiple parameters such as damping, simulation of various working conditions such as explosion impact, swinging, shaking, and impact can be achieved.

Claims

1. A device for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine and its supporting structure, characterized in that: include: Vibration shock control console, vibration shock table, fixed tooling, turbine scale model, data acquisition system and computing and processing module; The steam turbine scale model is fixed on the vibration impact table by the fixing fixture; The vibration impact control console is used to output an impact load waveform signal to the vibration impact table, so that the vibration impact table generates a vibration response; The data acquisition system is used to collect strain data and acceleration data of the steam turbine scaled model; The calculation and processing module is used to analyze the strain data and acceleration data to obtain the vibration characteristics of the steam turbine scaled model.

2. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam turbine scale model includes a cylinder, a rotating shaft, a bearing and a bearing base; The rotating shaft passes through the cylinder and is fixed on the cylinder through the bearing. The cylinder is fixed on the bearing base, and the bearing base is fixed on the fixing fixture.

3. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing fixture is made of a steel plate, and the area and bolt hole positions of the fixing fixture are the same as those of the vibration impact table.

4. The testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a strain gauge, an acceleration sensor and a data acquisition instrument; The strain gauge and the acceleration sensor are arranged on the surface of the steam turbine scale model; The signal output ends of the strain gauge and the acceleration sensor are connected to the data acquisition instrument.

5. The testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The strain gauge is a unidirectional strain gauge.

6. The testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The strain gauges are arranged on the cylinder, the rotating shaft, and at the connection between the bearing base and the fixing fixture.

7. The testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acceleration sensor is arranged on the cylinder, the rotating shaft, the fixing fixture, and the connection between the bearing base and the fixing fixture.

8. A method for testing the impact resistance of a steam turbine scale model, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the measured impact load waveform signal; Using the impact load waveform signal as an input source to drive the vibration impact table, so that the vibration impact table is controlled to output the impact load to the steam turbine scale model; Collecting strain data and acceleration data at specific positions of the steam turbine scaled model; as well as The strain data and the acceleration data are analyzed to obtain the impact resistance performance of the steam turbine scaled model.

9. The testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: The strain data and the acceleration data are preprocessed.

10. The testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controlling the vibration shock platform to output the shock load to the steam turbine scale model comprises: The controlled vibration shock platform is made to output shock loads to the steam turbine scale model multiple times.

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