Pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of food detection sample treatment, and particularly provides a pretreatment device for pesticide and veterinary drug residue detection, the pretreatment device comprises a base, a transposition assembly, a pressing plate, a displacement assembly, a clamping assembly and a crushing assembly, the base is provided with a freezing cavity and the crushing assembly at an interval, and a sample tank is arranged on a sliding rod through the clamping assembly; and the rotating shaft can rotate along with the rotating frame. When a sample is subjected to crushing pretreatment, the sample tank is clamped and fixed through the clamping assembly, then the rotating frame is driven to rotate through the first driving part, the displacement assembly moves from the lower portion of the first guide part to the lower portion of the second guide part, and when moving to the lower portion of the second guide part, the sample tank is immersed into the freezing cavity; the liquid nitrogen in the freezing cavity can perform low-temperature freezing on the sample. After freezing is completed, the rotating frame drives the displacement assembly to move to the working position of the smashing assembly, the samples are smashed through the smashing assembly, finally, the samples meeting the detection requirement are obtained, operation convenience is better, and safety is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food detection sample processing, and in particular relates to a pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure food safety, fruits, vegetables and other agricultural products will be tested for drug residues before entering the market for sale to ensure that the content of corresponding pesticides, veterinary drugs, additives and other substances is within the permitted range. In order to ensure that the drugs can be fully analyzed from the test samples, before sampling and testing the agricultural products, the samples need to be crushed or ground to break the cells, and then the extracts are tested. When the samples are crushed, the knives or grinding heads run at high speed, which will generate a lot of heat. Since many substances in the pesticide and veterinary drug residue detection are heat-resistant, they are easily degraded and volatilized when exposed to heat, which makes them unable to be successfully detected, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, there are cryo-grinder related equipment in the prior art. The test sample is first frozen by liquid nitrogen or dry ice, and then the frozen sample is crushed by a crushing component, which can effectively prevent the drug from volatilizing or degrading due to heat and ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0004] In the prior art, when performing the liquid nitrogen freezing operation, the related instruments for cryo-grinding need to manually place the sample into a container, and after the sample is frozen, take it out and place it into the crushing assembly for crushing. The shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing cryo-grinding instruments are: on the one hand, the freezing of the sample needs to rely on manual transfer, and the degree of automation is low; on the other hand, due to the extremely low temperature of liquid nitrogen, even if the operator wears protective gloves, there is still a risk of injury due to improper operation, and the safety is poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues, aiming to solve the problems of low automation and poor safety during operation of the existing pretreatment device which needs to freeze the sample.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues, comprising: The base comprises a chassis and a column vertically arranged on the chassis, a freezing cavity is formed on the chassis, a feed port is provided on the top of the freezing cavity, and the feed port is an arc-shaped hole body with the column as the center; The transposition assembly includes a rotating frame and a first driving member, wherein the rotating frame is rotatably matched with the column, the rotating frame is provided with a vertically penetrating slide groove, and the first driving member is arranged on the base and is used to drive the rotating frame to rotate around a vertical axis; A pressing plate is arranged on the column and located above the rotating frame, the pressing plate has a horizontal first guide portion and a second guide portion arranged obliquely downward, the lowest point of the second guide portion and the arc midpoint of the feed port are located in the same radial section of the base; The displacement assembly includes a sliding rod and a return spring rod, wherein the sliding rod is slidably matched in the sliding groove, the upper end of the sliding rod abuts against the lower surface of the pressing plate, the return spring rod is arranged between the sliding rod and the rotating frame, and when the sliding rod abuts against the second guide portion, the return spring rod is configured with an elastic preload force to move the sliding rod upward; A clamping assembly, disposed at the lower end of the sliding rod, for clamping the sample can; and The crushing assembly is arranged on the base and on the downstream side of the freezing chamber along the rotation direction of the rotating frame. The crushing assembly is used to crush the frozen sample.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues further includes a liquid nitrogen delivery component, which is connected to the freezing chamber and is used to deliver liquid nitrogen into the freezing chamber.

[0008] In a possible implementation, a liquid level detection unit is provided in the freezing chamber.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the rotating frame is provided with a plurality of arms at equal intervals along its circumferential direction, the arms extend outward along the radial direction of the rotating frame, the slide grooves are provided in the arms, and the displacement components and the clamping components are respectively provided in plurality corresponding to the arms.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the sample tank includes a tank body and a tank cover, and the tank cover is threadably matched with the tank body.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a mounting plate is provided at the lower end of the sliding rod, the mounting plate has a vertically penetrating mounting hole, and the clamping assembly includes: The bearing is arranged in the mounting hole, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the mounting plate; A clamping block, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing, the lower end of which is provided with a clamping cavity, the opening of which faces downward and is used to accommodate the sample can, the clamping cavity is provided with a plurality of locking holes along its circumferential direction, and the locking holes penetrate the wall thickness direction of the clamping cavity; and A plurality of locking pieces are arranged in the locking holes in a one-to-one correspondence and are threadably matched with the locking holes.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the crushing component includes: an electric chuck disposed on the base and used for clamping the sample can; and The second driving member is arranged on the base and is used for driving the electric chuck to rotate around a vertical axis.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the mounting plate is provided with a first pin hole extending through one side of the mounting hole, and the clamping block has a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole. When the first pin hole and the second pin hole are aligned up and down, the first pin hole and the second pin hole are used to insert a limit pin.

[0014] In a possible implementation, an avoidance hole communicating with the clamping cavity is provided at the upper end of the clamping block, and the crushing assembly further comprises: A crushing knife is arranged above the electric chuck; A lifting mechanism is provided on one side of the base, and is used to drive the crushing knife to move vertically; and The third driving member is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is used for driving the crushing knife to rotate.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the lifting mechanism includes: The lifting track is arranged vertically; A screw rod is vertically arranged on the lifting track; A fourth driving member, disposed on the lifting track, for driving the screw rod to rotate around its own axis; and The connecting plate has one end matched with the screw rod thread and the other end connected with the handle of the crushing knife.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided by the present invention are: The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided by the present invention comprises a base, a transposition component, a pressing plate, a displacement component, a clamping component and a crushing component. A freezing chamber and a crushing component are arranged at intervals on the base. The sample tank is arranged on a sliding rod through a clamping component and can rotate with the rotating frame. When the sample is crushed and pretreated, a certain amount of the sample to be processed is first taken and put into the sample tank, and clamped and fixed by the clamping component; then the rotating frame is driven to rotate by the first driving member, and the displacement component moves from the bottom of the first guide part to the bottom of the second guide part. When it moves to the bottom of the second guide part, the second guide part inclined downward can push the sliding rod to move downward, so that the sample tank at the bottom enters the freezing chamber, and the liquid nitrogen in the freezing chamber can perform low-temperature freezing on the sample tank and the sample inside. After the freezing is completed, the rotating frame continues to rotate, driving the displacement component to move to the working position of the crushing component, and the sample is crushed by the crushing component, and finally a sample that meets the detection requirements is obtained.

[0017] The present invention can realize the automatic transfer of samples into the freezing chamber and from the freezing chamber to the crushing assembly by setting a transposition assembly, a pressure plate, a displacement assembly and a clamping assembly. From the perspective of operational convenience, the transfer process does not require manual operation, which is more convenient. From the perspective of operational safety, the sample can is clamped by the clamping assembly, and personnel will not come into contact with the low-temperature liquid nitrogen in the freezing chamber, which is safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided in Example 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided in Example 1 of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided in Example 1 of the present invention Figure 3 ; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding rod and the clamping assembly in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the assembly of the sliding rod and the clamping assembly in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample tank in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided in the second embodiment of the present invention; Description of reference numerals: 10. Base; 11. Chassis; 111. Freezing chamber; 12. Column; 20. Transposition assembly; 21. Rotating frame; 211. Support arm; 22. First driving member; 30. Press plate; 31. First guide portion; 32. Second guiding portion; 40. Displacement assembly; 41. Sliding rod; 411. Mounting plate; 4111. First pin hole; 42. Reset spring rod; 50. Clamping assembly; 51. Bearing; 52. Clamping block; 521. Locking hole; 522. Second pin hole; 523. Avoidance hole; 53. Locking member; 60. Crushing assembly; 61. Electric chuck; 62. Second driving member; 63. Crushing knife; 64. Lifting mechanism; 641. Lifting track; 642. Fourth driving member; 643. Connecting plate; 65. Third driving member; 70. Liquid nitrogen delivery assembly; 80. Sample tank; 81. Tank body; 82. Tank cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Please also read Figures 1 to 8 , the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided by the present invention is described below.

[0021] in Figures 1 to 4 is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the first embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the clamping assembly; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the sample tank; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment. Compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment is only different in the structure of the clamping assembly 50 and the crushing assembly 60, and the structures of other parts are not changed.

[0022] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided in the first embodiment of the present invention includes a base 10, a transposition component 20, a pressure plate 30, a displacement component 40, a clamping component 50 and a crushing component 60. The base 10 includes a chassis 11 and a column 12 vertically arranged on the chassis 11, and a freezing chamber 111 is formed on the chassis 11. The top of the freezing chamber 111 has a feed port, and the feed port is an arc-shaped hole body with the column 12 as the center; the transposition component 20 includes a rotating frame 21 and a first driving member 22, the rotating frame 21 is rotatably matched with the column 12, the rotating frame 21 has a vertically penetrating slide groove, and the first driving member 22 is arranged on the base 10, and is used to drive the rotating frame 21 to rotate around a vertical axis; the pressure plate 30 is arranged on the column 12 and is located above the rotating frame 21, and the pressure plate 30 has a horizontal first guide portion 31 and a second guide portion 32 arranged obliquely downward, and the lowest point of the second guide portion 32 is aligned with the arc of the feed port. The point is located in the same radial section of the base 10; the displacement assembly 40 includes a sliding rod 41 and a return spring rod 42, the sliding rod 41 is slidably fitted in the slide groove, the upper end of the sliding rod 41 abuts against the lower surface of the pressure plate 30, and the return spring rod 42 is arranged between the sliding rod 41 and the rotating frame 21. When the sliding rod 41 abuts against the second guide portion 32, the return spring rod 42 is configured with an elastic preload force that causes the sliding rod 41 to move upward; the clamping assembly 50 is used to clamp and fix the sample can 80, and the clamping assembly 50 is arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod 41; the crushing assembly 60 is arranged on the base 10 and is arranged on the downstream side of the freezing chamber 111 along the rotation direction of the rotating frame 21, and the crushing assembly 60 is used to crush the frozen sample.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided by the present invention are: The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues provided by the present invention comprises a base 10, a displacement assembly 20, a pressing plate 30, a displacement assembly 40, a clamping assembly 50 and a crushing assembly 60. A freezing chamber 111 and a crushing assembly 60 are arranged on the base 10 at intervals. The sample tank 80 is arranged on the sliding rod 41 through the clamping assembly 50 and can rotate with the rotating frame 21. When the sample is crushed and pretreated, a certain amount of the sample to be processed is first taken and put into the sample tank 80, and clamped and fixed by the clamping assembly 50; then the rotating frame 21 is driven to rotate by the first driving member 22, and the displacement assembly 40 moves from the bottom of the first guide part 31 to the bottom of the second guide part 32. When it moves to the bottom of the second guide part 32, the second guide part 32 inclined downward can push the sliding rod 41 to move downward, so that the sample tank 80 at the bottom enters the freezing chamber 111, and the liquid nitrogen in the freezing chamber 111 can cryogenically freeze the sample tank 80 and the sample inside. After the freezing is completed, the rotating frame 21 continues to rotate, driving the displacement assembly 40 to move to the working position of the crushing assembly 60, and the crushing assembly 60 crushes the sample to finally obtain a sample that meets the detection requirements.

[0024] The present invention can realize the automatic transfer of the sample into the freezing chamber 111 and from the freezing chamber 111 to the crushing assembly 60 by providing the transposition assembly 20, the pressing plate 30, the displacement assembly 40 and the clamping assembly 50. From the perspective of operational convenience, the transfer process does not require manual operation, which is more convenient. From the perspective of operational safety, the sample can 80 is clamped by the clamping assembly 50, and personnel will not come into contact with the low-temperature liquid nitrogen in the freezing chamber 111, which is safer.

[0025] The present invention is suitable for pre-treatment of agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables, meat products, etc. before drug residue detection. While ensuring that the drugs are fully precipitated, the drugs can be prevented from volatilizing or decomposing due to heat, which helps to improve the accuracy of detection.

[0026] The base 10 has a freezing chamber 111, and the freezing chamber 111 is used to store liquid nitrogen. The freezing chamber 111 is in the shape of an arc. When the sliding rod 41 moves below the second guide portion 32 during the rotation of the sliding rod 41 with the rotating frame 21, the sliding rod 41 will gradually move downward because the lower surface of the second guide portion 32 is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the sample can 80 will be immersed in the liquid nitrogen in the freezing chamber 111 to freeze the sample. After the freezing is completed, the rotating frame 21 continues to rotate, and the sample can 80 is gradually moved out of the freezing chamber 111 and transferred to the crushing assembly 60.

[0027] In order to reduce the resistance to the movement of the sliding rod 41 , the top of the sliding rod 41 is designed to be a spherical surface.

[0028] In order to slow down the volatilization of liquid nitrogen, the inner wall of the freezing chamber 111 can be provided with an insulation liner, and the feeding port of the freezing chamber 111 adopts a narrow upper and thick lower closing design. The size of the feeding port at the top of the freezing chamber 111 only needs to ensure that the lower part of the sample tank 80 can enter.

[0029] The transposition assembly 20 includes a rotating frame 21 and a first driving member 22. The rotating frame 21 is a bracket, and its function is to provide support and installation position for the sliding rod 41. The first driving member 22, as well as the second driving member 62, the third driving member 65, and the fourth driving member 642 hereinafter can all be driving motors, and the driving motors can realize power transmission through gear meshing transmission, sprocket transmission, belt transmission, etc., for driving the corresponding components to rotate.

[0030] The pressing plate 30 includes a first guide portion 31 and a second guide portion 32, which can be obtained by bending a circular plate. When the sliding rod 41 is below the first guide portion 31, the sliding rod 41 does not move up and down, and the sample tank 80 can be fixed on the clamping assembly 50. Then the sliding rod 41 moves below the second guide portion 32, and the bottom of the sample tank 80 is immersed in liquid nitrogen for freezing. The frozen sample tank 80 reaches the crushing assembly 60, which can apply centrifugal rotation, vibration and other motion modes to the sample tank 80, so that the sample inside is crushed into powder.

[0031] In order to improve the grinding effect, abrasives can be added when the sample is filled into the sample tank 80. The abrasives can be made of stainless steel, hard steel, tungsten carbide, agate, zirconium oxide, etc., which can improve the grinding effect. After the grinding is completed, the abrasives can be taken out and reused.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to add liquid nitrogen into the freezing chamber 111, the pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues also includes a liquid nitrogen delivery component 70, which is connected to the freezing chamber 111 and delivers liquid nitrogen to the freezing chamber 111 through a pipeline and a valve structure. When the amount of liquid nitrogen is too small, the freezing effect will be poor and the freezing time will increase. In order to ensure the freezing effect, it is necessary to control the liquid nitrogen in the freezing chamber 111 to always be at a certain liquid level. Therefore, a liquid level detection unit can be set in the freezing chamber 111. The liquid level detection unit mainly includes two types: float type and electronic type, which can detect the liquid level of liquid nitrogen. Alternatively, a transparent observation window can be set on the side wall of the freezing chamber 111 so that the operator can directly check the remaining amount of liquid nitrogen.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the rotating frame 21 is provided with a plurality of arms 211 at equal intervals along its circumferential direction, the arms 211 extend outward along the radial direction of the rotating frame 21, the slide slots are provided on the arms 211, and a plurality of displacement components 40 and clamping components 50 are provided corresponding to the arms 211. With such arrangement, when multiple samples need to be processed at the same time, each clamping component 50 can be clamped with a sample can 80, so that different samples are in the loading, freezing and crushing processes respectively, which can improve the processing efficiency, form an assembly line mode, and save time.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, in Example 1 and Example 2, the sample tank 80 includes a tank body 81 and a tank cover 82. The tank cover 82 is threadedly matched with the tank body 81. The tank body 81 is made of metal materials such as stainless steel, which has good thermal conductivity, so that the temperature of the liquid nitrogen can be smoothly transferred to the inside of the tank body 81 to freeze the sample.

[0035] In the first embodiment, the crushing assembly 60 is a high-speed centrifuge, the can cover 82 is sealed on the can body 81, the can body 81 is filled with samples to be crushed and abrasives, the high-speed centrifuge drives the sample can 80 to rotate at a high speed, and the abrasives (such as agate balls) and the samples collide in the can body 81 to achieve grinding.

[0036] In the second embodiment, the crushing component 60 is a cutter. In order to enable the cutter to enter the tank body 81, the tank cover 82 is not installed at this time. The opening of the tank body 81 faces upward, and the cutter can enter the tank body 81 from top to bottom. The high-speed rotating cutter head can crush the sample.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the first embodiment, the crushing assembly 60 is a high-speed centrifuge, which includes an electric chuck 61 and a second driving member 62. The electric chuck 61 is provided on the base 10, and is used to clamp the sample can 80. The electric chuck 61 can be a common clamping device such as a three-jaw chuck, which can achieve stable clamping; the second driving member 62 is a centrifugal motor, which is used to drive the electric chuck 61 to rotate around a vertical axis.

[0038] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a mounting plate 411 is provided at the lower end of the sliding rod 41, and the mounting plate 411 is used to support the clamping assembly 50. The mounting plate 411 has a vertically penetrating mounting hole, and the clamping assembly 50 includes a bearing 51, a clamping block 52, and a plurality of locking members 53. The bearing 51 is provided in the mounting hole, and the outer ring of the bearing 51 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 411; the upper end of the clamping block 52 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 51, and the lower end of the clamping block 52 has a clamping cavity, the clamping cavity opening is downward, and is used to accommodate the sample tank 80, and the clamping cavity is provided with a plurality of locking holes 521 along its circumferential direction, and the locking holes 521 penetrate the wall thickness direction of the clamping cavity; a plurality of locking members 53 are provided in the locking holes 521 in a one-to-one correspondence, and are threadedly matched with the locking holes 521.

[0039] When clamping, the locking member 53 is rotated to make the locking member 53 close to the sample can 80, and the sample can 80 is clamped and fixed. The clamp block 52 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 51, so that the clamp block 52 can rotate at high speed with the electric chuck 61.

[0040] After the crushing is completed, the can lid 82 needs to be unscrewed to take out the ground material and the crushed sample. Considering that the tightness of the can lid 82 varies, it is not easy to unscrew it manually. In order to realize the function of automatically unscrewing the can lid 82, such as Figure 6 As shown, the mounting plate 411 is provided with a first pin hole 4111 penetrating therethrough on one side of the mounting hole, and the clamp block 52 has a second pin hole 522 corresponding to the first pin hole 4111. When the first pin hole 4111 and the second pin hole 522 are aligned up and down, the first pin hole 4111 and the second pin hole 522 are used to insert a limit pin, and the limit pin connects the clamp block 52 and the mounting plate 411 as a whole, and the clamp block 52 cannot rotate.

[0041] When the crushing is completed, the electric chuck 61 is not loosened yet, and the first pin hole 4111 and the second pin hole 522 are manually aligned, and the limit pin is inserted, and then the second driving member 62 is controlled to rotate a small angle in the direction of unscrewing the can cover 82, so that the can cover 82 can be opened. When the can cover 82 is opened, the sample can 80 is removed and the limit pin is pulled out.

[0042] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in the second embodiment, the can cover 82 is not installed, and the upper end of the clamp block 52 is provided with an avoidance hole 523 which is connected with the clamping cavity. When the sample can 80 moves below the crushing knife 63, the avoidance hole 523 is used to allow the crushing knife 63 to enter the can body 81 from top to bottom. The crushing assembly 60 also includes the crushing knife 63, the lifting mechanism 64 and the third driving member 65. The crushing knife 63 is arranged above the electric chuck 61; the lifting mechanism 64 is arranged on one side of the base 10, and is used to drive the crushing knife 63 to move vertically; the third driving member 65 is arranged on the lifting mechanism 64, and is used to drive the crushing knife 63 to rotate.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, the lifting mechanism 64 includes a lifting track 641, a screw rod, a fourth driving member 642 and a connecting plate 643. The lifting track 641 is arranged vertically; the screw rod is arranged vertically on the lifting track 641; the fourth driving member 642 is arranged on the lifting track 641, and is used to drive the screw rod to rotate around its own axis; one end of the connecting plate 643 is matched with the screw rod thread, and the other end is connected to the handle of the crushing knife 63, and the screw rod rotates to drive the crushing knife 63 to rise and fall vertically.

[0044] Furthermore, a sealing plate can be provided on the handle of the crushing knife 63. When the blade of the crushing knife 63 is inserted into the tank body 81, the sealing plate cover is arranged on the top of the avoidance hole 523, which can reduce the crushing noise and prevent the material from splashing out.

[0045] The above is a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0046] It can be understood that the various parts in the above-mentioned embodiments can be freely combined or deleted to form different combination embodiments. The specific contents of each combination embodiment will not be repeated here. After this description, it can be considered that the specification of the present invention has recorded various combination embodiments and can support different combination embodiments.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues, characterized in that: include: The base (10) comprises a bottom plate (11) and a column (12) vertically arranged on the bottom plate (11), wherein a freezing chamber (111) is formed on the bottom plate (11), and a feed port is provided at the top of the freezing chamber (111), wherein the feed port is an arc-shaped hole with the column (12) as the center; A shifting assembly (20) comprises a rotating frame (21) and a first driving member (22), wherein the rotating frame (21) is rotationally matched with the column (12), the rotating frame (21) has a vertically penetrating slide groove, and the first driving member (22) is arranged on the base (10) and is used to drive the rotating frame (21) to rotate around a vertical axis; a pressing plate (30) disposed on the column (12) and located above the rotating frame (21), the pressing plate (30) comprising a horizontal first guide portion (31) and a second guide portion (32) disposed obliquely downward, the lowest point of the second guide portion (32) and the arc midpoint of the feed port being located within the same radial section of the base (10); A displacement assembly (40), comprising a sliding rod (41) and a return spring rod (42), wherein the sliding rod (41) is slidably engaged with the sliding groove, the upper end of the sliding rod (41) is in contact with the lower surface of the pressing plate (30), and the return spring rod (42) is arranged between the sliding rod (41) and the rotating frame (21), and when the sliding rod (41) is in contact with the second guide portion (32), the return spring rod (42) is configured with an elastic preload force that causes the sliding rod (41) to move upward; a clamping assembly (50), disposed at the lower end of the sliding rod (41), and used for clamping the sample can (80); and A crushing assembly (60) is disposed on the base (10) and is disposed on the downstream side of the freezing chamber (111) along the rotation direction of the rotating frame (21). The crushing assembly (60) is used to crush the frozen sample.

2. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues further comprises a liquid nitrogen delivery component (70), wherein the liquid nitrogen delivery component (70) is in communication with the freezing chamber (111) and is used for delivering liquid nitrogen into the freezing chamber (111).

3. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 2, characterized in that: A liquid level detection unit is provided in the freezing chamber (111).

4. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating frame (21) is provided with a plurality of supporting arms (211) at equal intervals along its circumferential direction; the supporting arms (211) extend outwardly along the radial direction of the rotating frame (21); the sliding groove is provided on the supporting arm (211); and a plurality of the displacement components (40) and the clamping components (50) are respectively provided corresponding to the supporting arms (211).

5. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample tank (80) comprises a tank body (81) and a tank cover (82), wherein the tank cover (82) is threadably matched with the tank body (81).

6. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting plate (411) is provided at the lower end of the sliding rod (41), wherein the mounting plate (411) has a vertically penetrating mounting hole. The clamping assembly (50) comprises: A bearing (51) is disposed in the mounting hole, and an outer ring of the bearing (51) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (411); A clamping block (52), the upper end of the clamping block (52) being fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing (51), the lower end of the clamping block (52) being provided with a clamping cavity, the opening of the clamping cavity being downward and being used to accommodate the sample tank (80), the clamping cavity being provided with a plurality of locking holes (521) along its circumferential direction, the locking holes (521) penetrating the wall thickness direction of the clamping cavity; and A plurality of locking members (53) are disposed in one-to-one correspondence in the locking holes (521) and are threadedly engaged with the locking holes (521).

7. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulverizing assembly (60) comprises: an electric chuck (61), disposed on the base (10) and used for clamping the sample can (80); and A second driving member (62) is provided on the base (10) and is used to drive the electric chuck (61) to rotate around a vertical axis.

8. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting plate (411) is provided with a first pin hole (4111) penetrating therethrough on one side of the mounting hole, and the clamping block (52) has a second pin hole (522) corresponding to the first pin hole (4111), and when the first pin hole (4111) and the second pin hole (522) are aligned vertically, a limiting pin is inserted into the first pin hole (4111) and the second pin hole (522).

9. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the clamping block (52) is provided with an avoidance hole (523) which is in communication with the clamping cavity. The crushing assembly (60) further comprises: A crushing knife (63) is arranged above the electric chuck (61); A lifting mechanism (64) is provided on one side of the base (10) and is used to drive the crushing knife (63) to move vertically; and A third driving member (65) is provided on the lifting mechanism (64) and is used to drive the crushing knife (63) to rotate.

10. The pretreatment device for detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (64) comprises: A lifting track (641) is arranged vertically; A screw rod is vertically arranged on the lifting track (641); A fourth driving member (642) is disposed on the lifting track (641) and is used to drive the screw rod to rotate around its own axis; and A connecting plate (643) has one end threadably engaged with the lead screw and the other end connected to the handle of the crushing knife (63).

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