Interface defect detection system for grouting connection section of offshore wind turbine support structure jacket

Abstract

The present invention provides an interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure, which relates to the technical field of interface debonding defect detection. The system pastes piezoelectric ceramic sheets on different height sections of the outer wall of the steel pipe of the grouting connection section of the conductor frame, uses them as sensors and drivers, and adopts a "one-transmit-multiple-receive" method to transmit and receive stress waves. By analyzing the stress wave signals propagating on different measurement paths, abnormal values ​​are judged and the range of interface debonding defects is estimated. Furthermore, by arranging piezoelectric ceramic sensors in an estimated defect area and measuring their electromechanical coupling impedance, the position and range of the interface debonding defect are accurately determined using the root mean square value analysis method. This system combines surface wave detection and piezoelectric impedance technology to achieve rapid judgment, range estimation and precise positioning of interface debonding defects, and has the advantages of easy implementation and online continuous measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of interface peeling defect detection, and in particular to an interface defect detection system for a grouting connection section of a conductor frame of an offshore wind turbine support structure. Background Art

[0002] In the offshore wind turbine support structure, the jacket grouting connection section is the key part connecting the steel pipe pile and the upper structure. The interface peeling defect between the grouting material and the inner wall of the steel pipe has a crucial impact on the overall performance and safety of the structure. However, due to the complex offshore construction environment, the invisible grouting process and the long-term effect of various loads, the occurrence of interface peeling defects is difficult to avoid, which will not only reduce the bearing capacity of the structure, but also may cause serious safety hazards.

[0003] At present, although there are some technical means for detecting interface peeling defects, these methods have many limitations in practical applications. For example, although the traditional tapping method is simple and easy, the detection accuracy is low and difficult to quantify; although the fiber optic sensing method can monitor the structural status in real time, the shear resistance of the optical fiber is weak, and the cost of the sensing system is high, the operation is complicated, and it is difficult to apply on a large scale; although the impact echo method and the body wave method can detect the existence of defects, the energy attenuation of the stress wave is significant in large-section structures, resulting in a decrease in the reliability and accuracy of the detection signal, and these methods usually require pre-embedded sensors during the construction process, and cannot effectively perform post-detection on the built structure. In addition, most of these methods can only determine the presence or absence of defects, but it is difficult to accurately determine the location and range of the defects, which to a certain extent limits the comprehensive assessment and timely maintenance of the structural health status.

[0004] In view of this, this application is filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an interface defect detection system for a grouting connection section of a jacket of an offshore wind turbine support structure, which can at least partially improve the above-mentioned problem.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A system for detecting interface defects of a grouting connection section of a jacket of an offshore wind turbine support structure, comprising: a jacket grouting connection section component, a control component, an externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component, an externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, a signal generation and collection component, and an abnormal path position encrypted externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, wherein the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component, the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, and the abnormal path position encrypted externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component are arranged on the outer wall of the jacket grouting connection section component, the output end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the input end of the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component, the input end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the output end of the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, the data end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, and the output end of the abnormal path position encrypted externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component is electrically connected to the input end of the control component;

[0008] The control component is configured to implement the following steps by executing a computer program stored therein:

[0009] Controlling the signal generation and acquisition component to drive the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic driver component, and acquiring the acquisition data transmitted by the signal generation and acquisition component;

[0010] Sorting the amplitudes of the collected data, calculating the judgment values ​​of abnormal data in the collected data, performing comparative judgment processing on the judgment values, determining the abnormal measurement path according to the comparative judgment results, and obtaining the interface peeling estimation area;

[0011] An abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is pasted on the outer steel pipe surface of the conductor frame grouting connection section component in the interface peeling estimation area, a signal collected by the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is obtained, and the signal is analyzed and processed to obtain the precise position of the interface peeling defect.

[0012] In summary, the interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the jacket of the offshore wind turbine support structure pastes piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the outer wall of the steel pipe of the jacket grouting connection section at different height sections, uses them as sensors and drivers, and adopts a "one-transmit-multiple-receive" method to transmit and receive stress wave signals, and analyzes the signals to determine abnormal values, thereby estimating the range of interface peeling defects. Furthermore, by arranging piezoelectric ceramic sensors densely in the estimated defect area and measuring their electromechanical coupling impedance, the root mean square value (RMSD) analysis method is used to accurately determine the location and range of the interface peeling defect.

[0013] In simple terms, the interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket combines surface wave detection and piezoelectric impedance technology to achieve rapid judgment, range estimation and precise positioning of interface peeling defects. Compared with the existing technology, the system has the advantages of easy implementation and online continuous measurement, and can provide an efficient and reliable new means for interface peeling defect detection and long-term monitoring of the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure. In addition, the system is not only suitable for above-water environments, but also for underwater environments, and has a wide range of applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a defect range identification and detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a precise positioning detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a method for bonding a piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor to a grouting connection section component of a conductor frame provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of an interface defect detection system for a grouting connection section of a jacket of an offshore wind turbine support structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of piezoelectric sensors attached to the outer wall of the grouting connection section component of the jacket provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the range indicated by the dotted yellow fill is an unknown peeling defect area;

[0019] Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of the numbering of five different detection paths for surface wave measurement of a grouting connection section component of a jacket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] FIG. 7 ( a ) is a comparison diagram of sensor measurement signals of path 1 under B5 - A3 and B10 - A8 driving according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] FIG. 7( b ) is a comparison diagram of the sensor measurement signals of path 2 under the driving conditions of B5 - A4 and B10 - A9 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG. 7 ( c ) is a comparison diagram of sensor measurement signals of path 3 under B5-A5 and B10-A10 driving according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG. 7( d ) is a comparison diagram of the sensor measurement signals of path 4 under B5 - A6 and B10 - A11 driving according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] FIG. 7 ( e ) is a comparison diagram of the sensor measurement signals of path 5 under B5 - A7 and B10 - A12 driving according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a detection result of detecting the interface debonding defect position of the steel pipe wall of the jacket grouting connection section component according to the abnormal value calculation evaluation result provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The red color represents the detection path corresponding to the abnormal data, and the light blue area represents the interface debonding defect range determined by the abnormal path;

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the encrypted piezoelectric ceramic sensor for accurately locating the interface peeling defect of the grouting connection section component of the conductor rack by using the piezoelectrical impedance measurement provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the RMSD values ​​of the piezoelectric sensors at each detection point provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention discloses an interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of an offshore wind turbine support structure, which includes: a jacket grouting connection section component 9, a control component, an external piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component 10, an external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component 11, a signal generation and collection component, and an abnormal path position encryption external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component 13, wherein the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component 10, the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component 11 and the abnormal path position encryption external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component 13 are arranged on the outer wall of the jacket grouting connection section component 9, the output end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the input end of the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component 10, the input end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the output end of the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component 11, the data end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, and the output end of the abnormal path position encryption external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component 13 is electrically connected to the input end of the control component;

[0030] Preferably, the jacket grouting connection section component 9 comprises an outer steel pipe 1, a grouting material 2, and an inner steel pipe 0, wherein the grouting material is poured between the outer steel pipe 1 and the inner steel pipe 0, wherein the diameter of the inner steel pipe 0 is smaller than the diameter of the outer steel pipe 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the system realizes efficient detection and precise positioning of interface peeling defects by externally attaching piezoelectric ceramic driver and sensor components, combined with signal generation and collection components and control components. Specifically, the grouting connection section component 9 of the conductor frame is composed of an outer steel pipe 1, grouting material 2 and an inner steel pipe 0. The grouting material 2 is poured between the inner and outer steel pipes to form the key connection part of the support structure. This structural design not only ensures the overall stability of the conductor frame, but also provides a clear detection object for interface defect detection.

[0032] The external piezoelectric ceramic driver assembly 10 and the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 11 are cleverly arranged on the outer wall of the conductor frame grouting connection section component 9. This external design avoids damage to the original structure while ensuring the operability and flexibility of the detection system. The output end of the signal generation and acquisition assembly is electrically connected to the input end of the external piezoelectric ceramic driver assembly 10 to stimulate the driver to generate stress waves; and its input end is electrically connected to the output end of the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 11 to receive the signal captured by the sensor. In this way, the system can realize the emission and reception of stress waves and transmit the data to the control assembly for analysis and processing.

[0033] The control component is the "brain" of the system. Its data end is electrically connected to the data end of the signal generation and acquisition component, and is responsible for analyzing and processing the collected signals. In addition, the output end of the abnormal path position encryption external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component 13 is electrically connected to the input end of the control component, which is used to further encrypt the detection path after the defect is initially detected, thereby improving the accuracy of defect location.

[0034] Preferably, the control component includes a data transmission line 4, a controller 6, and an impedance analyzer 12, wherein the input end of the impedance analyzer 12 is electrically connected to the shielded wire of the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13, and the impedance analyzer 12 is electrically connected to the controller 6 through the data transmission line 4, and the frequency band range of the impedance analyzer 23 is 1kHz-1000kHz.

[0035] Preferably, the signal generation and acquisition component includes an arbitrary signal function generator 7 and a multi-channel signal acquisition system 8, wherein the output end of the arbitrary signal function generator 7 is electrically connected to the input end of the external piezoelectric ceramic driver component 10, the output end of the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component 11 is electrically connected to the input end of the multi-channel signal acquisition system 8, and the multi-channel signal acquisition system 8 is electrically connected to the controller 6 via a data transmission line. The signal generated by the arbitrary signal function generator 7 is a modulated signal, and the signal frequency selection range of the modulated signal is 10Hz-2MHz.

[0036] In this embodiment, one of the core components of the system is the control component, which consists of a data transmission line 4, a controller 6 and an impedance analyzer 12. The input end of the impedance analyzer 12 is electrically connected to the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13 through a shielded wire 3 to ensure the stability and anti-interference ability of signal transmission. The impedance analyzer 12 is connected to the controller 6 through a data transmission line 4, and the collected impedance data is transmitted to the controller 6 in real time for analysis and processing. The frequency band range of the impedance analyzer 12 is set to 1kHz-1000kHz. This frequency band range has been optimized to effectively cover the sensitive frequency band of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor in interface peeling detection, while taking into account detection accuracy and efficiency.

[0037] The signal generation and acquisition component is another key part of the system, including an arbitrary signal function generator 7 and a multi-channel signal acquisition system 8. The output end of the arbitrary signal function generator 7 is electrically connected to the input end of the external piezoelectric ceramic driver component 10, and is used to generate an excitation signal. The signal generated by the generator is a modulated signal, and its signal frequency range is 10Hz-2MHz. This wide frequency range enables the system to flexibly select the excitation signal according to different detection requirements and structural characteristics, thereby improving the adaptability and accuracy of the detection. The output end of the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component 11 is electrically connected to the input end of the multi-channel signal acquisition system 8, and is used to collect the stress wave signal received by the sensor. The multi-channel signal acquisition system 8 is connected to the controller 6 via a data transmission line 4, and the collected signal data is transmitted to the controller 6 for analysis and processing.

[0038] Preferably, the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component 10 includes a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a first shielded wire, a first insulating coating, and a first waterproof coating. The positive and negative electrodes of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet are respectively welded to the welding ends of the first shielded wire, and the welding ends are coated with a first insulating coating and a first waterproof coating. The second end of the first shielded wire is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, wherein the first insulating coating and the first waterproof coating are both epoxy resin glue layers or insulating glue layers, and the glue layer thickness is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm.

[0039] Preferably, the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 11 includes a second piezoelectric ceramic, a second shielding wire, a second insulating coating, and a second waterproof coating. The positive and negative electrodes of the second piezoelectric ceramic are respectively welded to the welding ends of the second shielding wire, and the welding ends are coated with a second insulating coating and a second waterproof coating. The second end of the second shielding wire is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, wherein the second insulating coating and the second waterproof coating are both epoxy resin glue layers or insulating glue layers, and the glue layer thickness is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm.

[0040] Preferably, the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13 includes a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a third shielded wire, a third insulating coating, and a third waterproof coating. The positive and negative electrodes of the third piezoelectric ceramic sheet are respectively welded to the welding ends of the third shielded wire, and the welding ends are coated with a third insulating coating and a third waterproof coating. The second end of the third shielded wire is electrically connected to the data end of the control assembly, wherein the third insulating coating and the third waterproof coating are both epoxy resin glue layers or insulating glue layers, and the glue layer thickness is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm.

[0041] In this embodiment, the design of the sensor and the driver not only enhances the insulation performance of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 15, but also improves its durability in the harsh marine environment. The other ends of the first shielded wire, the second shielded wire, and the third shielded wire are electrically connected to the data end of the control component to ensure the stable transmission of the drive signal. Specifically, after the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 15 and the positive and negative electrodes of the shielded wire 3 are welded together, a waterproof layer 16 and an insulating layer 14 need to be coated, and then a function generator and a multimeter are used to detect whether the sensing performance and insulation treatment are effective; the surface test position of the test piece to be tested is polished with a grinder or sandpaper to remove dirt and rust to make its surface smooth and flat; a cotton ball is dipped in an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and the polished position is wiped and cleaned, and the place is kept clean; the clean position is insulated with AB glue or any other material with bonding and insulation functions, and after it is initially solidified, a multimeter is used to detect its insulation condition; taking AB glue as an example, appropriate amounts of A glue and B glue are placed on a special glue mixing board in a ratio of 1:1, and quickly stirred with a matching glue mixing stick. After mixing evenly, quickly apply it to the surface of the steel pipe within 3 minutes of mixing, gently press the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 15 by hand, and it will be fully bonded in 2 to 5 minutes, and the bonded piezoelectric ceramic sheet 15 will not fall off easily. To ensure the accuracy of the test data, use a multimeter to perform insulation test on the sensor after pasting.

[0042] When the piezoelectric ceramic piece 15 is acted upon by an external force, electric charges are generated on its surface, which is called the direct piezoelectric effect. When the piezoelectric ceramic piece is acted upon by an electric field, mechanical deformation occurs, and the deformation disappears as the electric field disappears, which is called the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0043] The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket adopts piezoelectric impedance technology, which is to couple the piezoelectric ceramics with the structure to be tested in the form of surface bonding, and use the self-excitation and self-sensing of the piezoelectric sensor to couple the electrical impedance with the mechanical impedance of the main structure. When the piezoelectric ceramic parameters and performance remain constant, the mechanical impedance of the main structure is the only parameter that affects the electrical impedance. Defects in the structure will cause changes in the mechanical impedance of the main structure, which can be reflected by the coupled electrical impedance of the piezoelectric system. In the piezoelectric impedance technology, by performing RMSD analysis on the electrical impedance signal received by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor, changes in structural characteristics such as stiffness or damping caused by defects in the main structure can be detected, and then the presence or absence of defects can be identified and the scope of the defects can be determined.

[0044] See also Figure 4 , wherein the control component is configured to implement the following steps by executing a computer program stored therein:

[0045] S1, controlling the signal generation and acquisition component to drive the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic driver component 10, and acquiring the acquisition data transmitted by the signal generation and acquisition component;

[0046] Specifically, step S1 includes: controlling the arbitrary signal function generator to generate a signal to drive the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic plate driver assembly 10 to transmit a fluctuation signal to the jacket grouting connection section component 9;

[0047] The fluctuation signal received by the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component 11 and collected by the multi-channel signal acquisition system 8 is acquired to obtain the collected data, wherein the fluctuation signal received by the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component 11 corresponds to the fluctuation signal emitted by the external piezoelectric ceramic driver component 10.

[0048] In this embodiment, multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets are installed on different height sections of the outer wall of the steel pipe of the grouting connection section of the conductor frame, that is, the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver assembly 10 and the external piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor assembly 11. The piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the same section are arranged at equal distances, and the projections of the piezoelectric ceramic sheets 15 on each section on the horizontal plane are consistent; after the sensor is installed, a multimeter is used to detect its insulation performance. Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic driver and sensor are installed at a vertical interval of 60 cm and an annular interval of 15 cm on the steel pipe surface of the conductor frame grouting connection section component 9.

[0049] When the system starts, the control component sends instructions to the signal generation and acquisition component to activate the arbitrary signal function generator. The generator generates a modulated signal of a specific frequency according to preset parameters. The signal frequency range is 10Hz to 2MHz. This wide-band design enables the system to adapt to scenarios with different structural characteristics and detection requirements. The modulated signal is transmitted to the external piezoelectric ceramic driver component 10 through the data transmission line, which stimulates the piezoelectric ceramic 15 in the driver component to generate stress waves. These stress waves propagate in the steel pipe wall of the grouting connection section component 9 of the conductor frame in the form of wave signals, and are finally received by the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component 11, achieving one send and multiple receive. Next, the wave signal is measured, the paths with the same measurement distance and measurement angle are grouped together, and the measurement signals in the same group are analyzed and processed.

[0050] See also Figure 8 S2, sorting the amplitudes of the collected data, calculating the judgment values ​​of the abnormal data in the collected data, and performing comparative judgment processing on the judgment values, determining the abnormal measurement path according to the comparative judgment results, and obtaining the interface peeling estimation area;

[0051] Specifically, step S2 includes: sorting the collected data in the order of signal amplitude from small to large, treating the data behind the preset position as suspicious data, and then sorting the data according to the smallest data among the suspicious data. , and one that averages the data preceding it and standard deviation ,in, is the amplitude of the fluctuation signal on the i-th measurement path, n is the total number of paths on the same set of measurement detections participating in the statistics;

[0052] Calculate the judgment value of abnormal data ,in, The parameters are those in the preset specification, which is Table 1 in Section 6.3 of CECS 21-2000 Technical Specification for Ultrasonic Detection of Concrete Defects;

[0053] The judgment value The minimum value among the suspicious data Perform comparative judgment and processing, when the minimum value of suspicious data Not less than the judgment value When The detection paths corresponding to the fluctuation measurement amplitudes of the paths arranged behind them are all regarded as abnormal measurement paths;

[0054] Remove the minimum value , for the judgment value With numerical value Performing comparative judgment processing, repeating the above steps until no abnormal measurement path can be determined, and generating an interface peeling estimation area;

[0055] Among them, the abnormal path of the fluctuation measurement signal amplitude is judged as the path passing through the interface peeling defect, and the intersection area of ​​the abnormal paths is judged as the interface peeling estimation area.

[0056] In this embodiment, an arbitrary function generator 7 is used to excite the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic drive assembly 10 installed on the surface of the jacket grouting connection section component 9. After the component generates a stress wave, a high-frequency data acquisition system collects the voltage signal of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor attached to the surface of the jacket grouting connection section component 9. By calculating and analyzing the abnormal values ​​of the voltage signals of different propagation paths, the position of the defect is preliminarily located according to the abnormal path.

[0057] First, the collected fluctuation signal amplitude data are sorted in ascending order, that is, This sorting process provides a basis for the subsequent identification of abnormal data. Then, the data that is obviously larger in the back is considered suspicious, and the smallest of these suspicious data (assuming X n ) together with the previous data to calculate the mean and standard deviation.

[0058] Next, the part of the sorted data whose arrangement order is after the preset value is regarded as suspicious data. This preset value is set according to actual detection needs and experience, and is used to preliminarily screen out data points that may contain abnormal information. For these suspicious data, the judgment value of the abnormal data is further calculated. This judgment value is based on preset parameters, and its calculation method refers to relevant technical specifications to ensure the scientificity and accuracy of the judgment. Subsequently, the judgment value is compared with the minimum value in the suspicious data for judgment processing. If the minimum value is not less than the judgment value, the system regards the detection path corresponding to the minimum value and the fluctuation measurement amplitude of each path arranged behind it as an abnormal measurement path. This judgment logic is based on the propagation characteristics of the fluctuation signal at the interface peeling defect: when the signal passes through the peeling area, its amplitude will change significantly, so the path with abnormal amplitude is likely to pass through the interface peeling defect.

[0059] Finally, in order to ensure the accuracy of the judgment, after removing the current minimum value, continue to compare the judgment value with the value of the remaining data, and repeat the above steps. This process continues until the abnormal measurement path can no longer be determined. Finally, the interface peeling estimation area is generated based on the distribution of abnormal paths. Specifically, the path with abnormal amplitude of the fluctuation measurement signal is judged as the path passing through the interface peeling defect, and the intersection area of ​​these abnormal paths is identified as the interface peeling estimation area.

[0060] In actual operation, the arbitrary signal function generator 7 first generates a modulation signal to stimulate the external piezoelectric ceramic plate driver assembly 10 to generate stress waves. These stress waves propagate in the conductor frame grouting connection section component 9 and are received by the external piezoelectric ceramic plate sensor assembly 11. Since the interface peeling defect will cause the propagation path of the stress wave to change, the signal received by the sensor will contain characteristic information related to the defect. The multi-channel signal acquisition system 8 collects these signals and transmits them to the controller, which analyzes and processes the signals to preliminarily determine the existence of the interface peeling defect and its approximate range.

[0061] S3, attaching an abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13 to the outer steel pipe surface of the conductor frame grouting connection section component 9 in the interface peeling estimation area, acquiring the signal collected by the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13, and analyzing and processing the signal to obtain the precise position of the interface peeling defect.

[0062] Specifically, step S3 includes: starting from the edge of the interface peeling defect estimation range, pasting the sensor in the piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor assembly 13 at the abnormal path position at a preset distance toward the center, wherein the preset distance is 5cm-15cm;

[0063] Acquire the electromechanical coupling impedance signal collected by the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic piece sensor assembly 13 and the reference signal collected by the preset healthy path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic piece sensor configured at the healthy path position;

[0064] Calculate the root mean square difference between the reference signal and the electromechanical coupling impedance signal ,in, is the impedance modulus of the reference signal at the ith frequency point, is the impedance modulus of the measured signal at the i-th frequency point, is the number of frequency points collected within the test frequency band;

[0065] The electromechanical coupling impedance signal whose RMS difference is greater than the preset value is screened out, and the position of the corresponding abnormal path position is encrypted and the position of the sensor in the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13 is used as the precise position of the interface peeling defect.

[0066] In this embodiment, sensors are densely arranged at the defect location preliminarily determined, and the sensors are excited by alternating voltage using an impedance analyzer. The excitation frequency band is selected and the number of sampling points in the frequency band is not less than 800; and the RMSD value of the impedance signal is calculated to determine the scope of the defect. Starting from the edge of the interface peeling area estimated according to the abnormal transfer path, a certain distance (usually 5cm-15cm) is spaced toward the center. After the sensor is installed, a multimeter is used to detect its insulation performance. An electromechanical coupling impedance measurement analyzer is used to apply alternating current high-frequency excitation to the piezoelectric ceramic sensor to obtain its impedance characteristic signal diagram, and the data is transmitted to a computer for data analysis and processing.

[0067] Specifically, after the interface peeling estimation area is determined, the precise positioning stage is entered. First, starting from the edge of the interface peeling estimation range, the sensors in the piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 13 are densely pasted at abnormal path positions at preset distances (usually 5 cm to 15 cm) toward the center. This encrypted arrangement can significantly improve the detection resolution and ensure full coverage of the defect area. The selection of the preset distance is based on the actual detection requirements and structural dimensions, taking into account both detection accuracy and implementation efficiency.

[0068] Subsequently, the electromechanical coupling impedance signal collected by the encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly at the abnormal path position is obtained, and at the same time, the reference signal collected by the preset healthy path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor configured at the healthy path position is obtained. The sensor at the healthy path position is used to provide reference signals, which reflect the electromechanical coupling impedance characteristics of the structure in a defect-free state. By comparing the reference signal and the actual measurement signal, the impedance change caused by the defect can be more accurately identified.

[0069] Finally, the electromechanical coupling impedance signals with a root mean square difference greater than the preset value are screened out. The preset value is set according to the actual detection requirements and structural characteristics, and is used to distinguish normal signals from defect signals. The sensor position corresponding to the signal with a root mean square difference greater than the preset value is determined as the precise position of the interface peeling defect. In this way, the specific location of the defect can be accurately identified, providing clear guidance for subsequent repair and maintenance.

[0070] In actual operation, after the potential defect area is initially detected, the system will further encrypt the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly in the potential defect area for defect location detection. The impedance analyzer is connected to the encrypted sensor assembly through a shielded wire, excites the sensor with alternating current at high frequency, and collects its impedance characteristic signal. The controller calculates the root mean square difference (RMSD) between the impedance signal of the sensor at different positions and the reference signal based on the data provided by the impedance analyzer and the electromechanical coupling impedance analysis method. By analyzing the changes in the RMSD value, the location and range of the interface peeling defect can be accurately determined.

[0071] Among them, in the area where the interface layer is well bonded and there is no interface peeling, the surface wave of the steel plate will cause the vibration of the corresponding grouting material particles, thereby causing the surface wave energy of the steel plate to be transmitted or leaked into the grouting material. When interface peeling occurs in the component, the energy transfer efficiency of the steel plate to the grouting material will be significantly reduced, thereby causing the signal amplitude of the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor to increase. Therefore, the amplitude of the measured signal of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor corresponding to the peeling position is higher than the amplitude of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor signal at the healthy position. The position of the defect is preliminarily located by analyzing the abnormal value of the signal amplitude.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, a conductor frame grouting connection section component with a height of 1500 mm, an outer steel pipe diameter of 800 mm, an inner steel pipe diameter of 600 mm, and a steel pipe wall thickness of 15 mm is used to verify the effectiveness of the present invention.

[0073] Before pouring the grouting connection section components of the jacket, Figure 1 A thin wooden board is pasted in the dotted area shown to simulate the artificial interface peeling defect 5. In order to locate the unknown defect, taking the interface peeling defect detection of the inner wall of the outer steel pipe of the jacket grouting connection section as an example, firstly, piezoelectric ceramic drivers (17) and sensors (17) are arranged at intervals of 150mm along the annular direction. In order to find the position of the artificially set unknown peeling defect, a single-shot multi-receiver surface wave measurement method is used as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in Figure 7, 1 driver corresponds to 5 sensor measurements, with a total of 5 test paths. The paths with the same measurement distance and measurement angle are grouped together, and the total number of paths is divided into 5 groups. The corresponding detection paths of the B5 and B10 driver pairs are given, as shown in Figure 7 (a), Figure 7 (b), Figure 7 (c), Figure 7 (d), and Figure 7 (e). The judgment value of the sensor signal amplitude of each group is calculated. The measurement data in each group that is greater than the judgment value is the abnormal value. The judgment results are shown in Table 1. The defect is located according to the measurement path where the abnormal value is located, as shown in Figure 7 (a), Figure 7 (b), Figure 7 (c), Figure 7 (d), and Figure 7 (e). Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, according to the surface wave measurement results, the sensors are densely arranged in the defect location area, and the healthy position sensors are densely installed at the corresponding boundary conditions, such as Figure 2 When the piezoresistance method is used to detect the interface peeling defect of the catheter frame connection section, the RMSD evaluation index is used to determine whether there are defects. The output impedance signal of the piezoelectric ceramic in the healthy position is used as the reference value, and the impedance information under other working conditions is quantitatively compared with this reference. Finally, the judgment result of the bonding condition of the catheter frame connection section is obtained, as shown in Fig.10 shown.

[0074] The piezoelectric sensor on the outer wall of the steel pipe, that is, the external piezoelectric ceramic driver assembly, the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly, and the installation position of the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly are pre-coated with an insulating coating, and the insulating coating is a thin and uniform epoxy resin layer, and the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.05-0.15mm, preferably 0.1mm. Figure 3 As shown, the positive and negative electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet are connected to the shielding wire by welding, and finally a uniform layer of epoxy resin is applied as a waterproof layer.

[0075] First, piezoelectric ceramic sensors and drivers are installed on the outer surface of the pipe frame grouting connection section component 9, and numbered, such as Figure 5 As shown, the number will correspond to the number of the measurement path of each piezoelectric ceramic sensor in the subsequent steps. The modulation signal generated by the arbitrary function signal generator 7 excites the external piezoelectric driver, such as 1, and the multi-channel high-frequency data acquisition system 8 records the output signals of the external piezoelectric sensors of each measurement path of the outer wall of the outer steel pipe 1 of the jacket grouting connection section component 9 when the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly 11 is excited.

[0076] The response amplitudes of each sensor are summarized, and the outliers in each group of data are judged. The measured data in each group that is greater than the judgment value is the outlier, as shown in Table 1. The measurement path corresponding to the outlier is marked with a red line. The results are shown in Fig. 9 As shown, the intersection of all abnormal test paths can be determined as interface peeling defects, and the location of the defects can be preliminarily located.

[0077] Table 1. Outlier calculation evaluation results

[0078]

[0079] The impedance analyzer 12 applies a constant-amplitude AC voltage to each encrypted external piezoelectric sensor. The encrypted sensors are arranged as follows: Fig.10 As shown, the interval is 5-10cm. At the same time, the impedance analyzer is used to collect the impedance modulus values ​​of the electromechanical coupling system composed of the external piezoelectric sensor, the external steel pipe 1, the bonding interface and the grouting material 2 at different frequencies. The frequency band range of the test frequency used is 100kHz-700kHz (the number of step sampling points is 1600).

[0080] Calculate the RMSD value of the sensor output impedance signal in the abnormal path area and the healthy position. The boundary conditions of the annular piezoelectric sensor (C2-B4) are the same, and the RMSD calculation can be performed directly as follows: Fig.10 According to the RMSD results, the interface peeling defect of the jacket grouting connection section can be effectively identified, and the damage position and scope can be determined.

[0081] In summary, the interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the jacket of the offshore wind turbine support structure aims to solve the problems of insufficient detection accuracy, complex operation, and inability to achieve online continuous monitoring in the existing technology. It arranges externally mounted piezoelectric ceramics as drivers and sensors on the outer wall of the steel pipe of the jacket grouting connection section, combines stress wave measurement and electromechanical coupling impedance analysis technology, and realizes rapid detection, range estimation, and precise positioning of interface peeling defects.

[0082] During the detection process, the signal generation and acquisition component is first used to stimulate the piezoelectric ceramic driver to emit a fluctuating signal to the sensor. By analyzing the changes in the amplitude of the signal received by the sensor, the existence and scope of the interface peeling defect are preliminarily determined. This method is based on the energy reflection and attenuation characteristics of stress waves in the defect area, and can quickly identify potential peeling areas, significantly improving the detection efficiency. To further improve the positioning accuracy, piezoelectric ceramic sensors are densely arranged in the preliminarily estimated defect area, and their electromechanical coupling impedance signals are analyzed. By calculating the root mean square difference (RMSD) between the reference signal and the measurement signal, the sensor position corresponding to the abnormal signal is screened out, thereby achieving accurate positioning of the interface peeling defect. This method not only improves the accuracy of detection, but also reduces the possibility of misjudgment, providing clear guidance for subsequent repairs and maintenance.

[0083] The beneficial effects of the interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure conductor frame are its high efficiency, accuracy and non-destructiveness. By optimizing the sensor layout and signal analysis method, the system can achieve rapid detection and precise positioning of interface peeling defects without destroying the structure. In addition, the system is suitable for complex marine environments, has good anti-interference ability and durability, and can meet the long-term monitoring needs of offshore wind turbine support structures. By combining stress wave measurement and electromechanical coupling impedance analysis technology, the present invention not only fills the deficiencies of the prior art, but also provides an innovative solution for the safety assessment and maintenance of offshore wind power structures, which has broad application prospects and important practical significance.

[0084] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the jacket of an offshore wind turbine support structure, characterized in that: include: A conductor frame grouting connection section component, a control component, an externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component, an externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, a signal generation and collection component, and an abnormal path position encrypted externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, wherein the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component, the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, and the abnormal path position encrypted externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component are arranged on the outer wall of the conductor frame grouting connection section component, the output end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the input end of the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet driver component, the input end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the output end of the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component, the data end of the signal generation and collection component is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, and the output end of the abnormal path position encrypted externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor component is electrically connected to the input end of the control component; The control component is configured to implement the following steps by executing a computer program stored therein: Controlling the signal generation and acquisition component to drive the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic driver component, and acquiring the acquisition data transmitted by the signal generation and acquisition component; The amplitudes of the collected data are sorted, the judgment values ​​of the abnormal data in the collected data are calculated, and the judgment values ​​are compared and judged. The abnormal measurement path is determined according to the comparison and judgment results, and the interface peeling estimation area is obtained, which is specifically: The collected data are sorted in the order of signal amplitude from small to large, the data behind the preset position are regarded as suspicious data, and then the smallest data among the suspicious data is selected. , and one that calculates the average value together with the previous data and standard deviation ,in, is the amplitude of the fluctuation signal on the i-th measurement path, n is the total number of paths on the same set of measurement detections participating in the statistics; Calculate the judgment value of abnormal data ,in, is the parameter in the preset specification; The judgment value The minimum value among the suspicious data Perform comparative judgment and processing, when the minimum value of suspicious data Not less than the judgment value When The detection paths corresponding to the fluctuation measurement amplitudes of the paths arranged behind them are all regarded as abnormal measurement paths; Remove the minimum value , for the judgment value With numerical value Performing comparative judgment processing, repeating the above steps until no abnormal measurement path can be determined, and generating an interface peeling estimation area; Among them, the abnormal path of the fluctuation measurement signal amplitude is judged as the path passing through the interface peeling defect, and the intersection area of ​​the abnormal paths is judged as the interface peeling estimation area; An abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is pasted on the outer steel pipe surface of the conductor frame grouting connection section component in the interface peeling estimation area, a signal collected by the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is obtained, and the signal is analyzed and processed to obtain the precise position of the interface peeling defect.

2. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conductor frame grouting connection section component includes an outer steel pipe, grouting material, and an inner steel pipe, wherein the grouting material is poured between the outer steel pipe and the inner steel pipe, wherein the diameter of the inner steel pipe is smaller than the diameter of the outer steel pipe.

3. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control component includes a data transmission line, a controller, and an impedance analyzer, wherein the input end of the impedance analyzer is electrically connected to the shielded wire of the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component, and the impedance analyzer is electrically connected to the controller through the data transmission line, and the frequency band of the impedance analyzer is 1kHz-1000kHz.

4. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The signal generation and acquisition component includes an arbitrary signal function generator and a multi-channel signal acquisition system, wherein the output end of the arbitrary signal function generator is electrically connected to the input end of the external piezoelectric ceramic plate driver component, the output end of the external piezoelectric ceramic plate sensor component is electrically connected to the input end of the multi-channel signal acquisition system, and the multi-channel signal acquisition system is electrically connected to the controller through a data transmission line. The signal generated by the arbitrary signal function generator is a modulated signal, and the signal frequency of the modulated signal is selected in the range of 10Hz-2MHz.

5. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The external piezoelectric ceramic driver component includes a first piezoelectric ceramic, a first shielding wire, a first insulating coating, and a first waterproof coating. The positive and negative electrodes of the first piezoelectric ceramic are respectively welded to the welding ends of the first shielding wire, and the welding ends are coated with a first insulating coating and a first waterproof coating. The second end of the first shielding wire is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, wherein the first insulating coating and the first waterproof coating are both epoxy resin glue layers or insulating glue layers, and the glue layer thickness is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm.

6. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly includes a second piezoelectric ceramic, a second shielding wire, a second insulating coating, and a second waterproof coating. The positive and negative electrodes of the second piezoelectric ceramic are respectively welded to the welding ends of the second shielding wire, and the welding ends are coated with a second insulating coating and a second waterproof coating. The second end of the second shielding wire is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, wherein the second insulating coating and the second waterproof coating are both epoxy resin glue layers or insulating glue layers, and the glue layer thickness is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm.

7. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor component includes a third piezoelectric ceramic, a third shielded wire, a third insulating coating, and a third waterproof coating. The positive and negative electrodes of the third piezoelectric ceramic are respectively welded to the welding ends of the third shielded wire, and the welding ends are coated with a third insulating coating and a third waterproof coating. The second end of the third shielded wire is electrically connected to the data end of the control component, wherein the third insulating coating and the third waterproof coating are both epoxy resin glue layers or insulating glue layers, and the glue layer thickness is 0.05 mm-0.15 mm.

8. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Controlling the signal generation and acquisition component to drive the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic driver component and obtaining the acquisition data transmitted by the signal generation and acquisition component, specifically: Controlling the arbitrary signal function generator to generate a signal to drive the externally mounted piezoelectric ceramic plate driver assembly to transmit a wave signal to the conductor frame grouting connection section component; The fluctuation signal received by the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly collected by the multi-channel signal acquisition system is acquired to obtain acquisition data, wherein the fluctuation signal received by the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly corresponds to the fluctuation signal emitted by the external piezoelectric ceramic driver assembly.

9. The interface defect detection system for the grouting connection section of the offshore wind turbine support structure jacket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is attached to the outer steel pipe surface of the jacket grouting connection section component in the interface peeling estimation area, and a signal collected by the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is obtained, and the signal is analyzed and processed to obtain the precise position of the interface peeling defect, specifically: Starting from the edge of the estimated range of the interface peeling defect, the sensors in the piezoelectric ceramic sheet sensor assembly are pasted at the abnormal path position at preset distances toward the center, wherein the preset distance is 5 cm-15 cm; Acquire the electromechanical coupling impedance signal collected by the abnormal path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic piece sensor assembly and the reference signal collected by the preset healthy path position encrypted external piezoelectric ceramic piece sensor configured at the healthy path position; Calculate the root mean square difference between the reference signal and the electromechanical coupling impedance signal ,in, is the impedance modulus of the reference signal at the ith frequency point, is the impedance modulus of the measured signal at the i-th frequency point, is the number of frequency points collected within the test frequency band; The electromechanical coupling impedance signals whose root mean square difference is greater than the preset value are screened out, and the corresponding abnormal path position is encrypted and the position of the sensor in the external piezoelectric ceramic sensor assembly is taken as the precise position of the interface peeling defect.

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