Device and method for detecting tidal flat carbon dioxide flux in tidal flat area based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

A tidal flat area tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an upper floating plate and a lower anti-sinking device which are connected through a plurality of high-strength soft ropes, and the top of the upper floating plate is fixedly provided with a hanging hook used for being matched with the unmanned aerial vehicle. A plurality of carbon dioxide detectors used for detecting the tidal flat carbon dioxide flux are installed on the peripheral side of the hanging hook through a connecting rod, the carbon dioxide detectors are installed on the connecting rod through a carbon dioxide detection box, an air inlet is formed in one side of the carbon dioxide detection box, and a filter screen is installed at the air inlet; the lower anti-sinking device comprises an anti-sinking plate and a plurality of foot pipes used for being inserted into the tidal flat to be fixed, and the foot pipes are vertically installed at the bottom of the anti-sinking plate. Through the unmanned aerial vehicle and the data real-time transmission technology, the risk caused by observation can be effectively reduced, and the observation timeliness and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection, in particular to a tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device in a tidal flat area based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and also to a detection method of the tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device in a tidal flat area based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Tidal flats are located in the transition zone between land and sea, with significant tidal effects. They have environmental characteristics of both land and sea, making them a hotspot for coastal resource development and one of the most vulnerable and economically valuable areas on Earth. The global area of ​​bare beaches without vegetation (BTFs) is about 127,921 km2, mainly distributed in Asia (40%). Although the total area of ​​tidal flats is much smaller than that of terrestrial forests, their carbon sequestration capacity per unit area cannot be ignored. Their carbon sequestration rate exceeds 100 Tg / a, which has huge carbon sequestration potential. Obtaining the carbon sequestration rate of tidal flats through observation is of great significance for research such as tidal flat protection.

[0003] Tidal flat carbon sequestration refers to the phenomenon that intertidal wetland ecosystems absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through a series of natural processes, thereby mitigating global climate change. This process is not only vital to marine ecosystems, but also plays an indispensable role in the global carbon cycle. Most tidal flat observation studies focus on the study of health conditions such as erosion and siltation changes and temperature, and there are relatively few developments in instruments for observing carbon sequestration potential. At the same time, due to the special silt characteristics of tidal flats, it is relatively dangerous to place observation instruments. The use of drones for transportation and real-time data transmission to obtain carbon dioxide flux and carbon sequestration capacity on the tidal flat surface can provide an important reference for my country's carbon sequestration research and ecological protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on drones in tidal flat areas, which can effectively reduce the risks brought by observation and improve the timeliness and efficiency of observation through drones and real-time data transmission technology in response to the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0005] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a detection method of the above-mentioned tidal flat area carbon dioxide flux detection device based on a drone.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention is a tidal flat area carbon dioxide flux detection device based on a drone, including an upper floating plate and a lower anti-sinking device connected by a number of high-strength soft ropes, a mounting hook for cooperating with a drone is fixedly installed on the top of the upper floating plate, and a number of carbon dioxide detectors for detecting carbon dioxide flux in the tidal flat are installed on the surrounding side of the mounting hook through a connecting rod, and the carbon dioxide detector is installed on the connecting rod through a carbon dioxide detection box, and an air inlet is provided on one side of the carbon dioxide detection box, and a filter is installed at the air inlet; the lower anti-sinking device includes an anti-sinking plate and a number of leg tubes for inserting into the tidal flat for fixing, and the leg tubes are vertically installed at the bottom of the anti-sinking plate.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further achieved through the following technical solutions. For the above-mentioned drone-based tidal flat area carbon dioxide flux detection device, a circuit integration box is also installed on the top of the upper floating plate, and a control circuit board with a controller is installed in the circuit integration box. Detection sensors for detecting air temperature, humidity and wind speed are also installed on the circuit integration box.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further achieved by the following technical scheme. For the above-mentioned UAV-based tidal flat area tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device, 8-12 carbon dioxide detectors are provided, and the 8-12 carbon dioxide detectors are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting hook.

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further achieved by the following technical scheme. For the above-mentioned tidal flat area carbon dioxide flux detection device based on drone, the carbon dioxide detector is a high-precision carbon dioxide sensor, model S21A2, with a range of 0-10000ppm and a measurement accuracy of ±2%.

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further achieved by the following technical scheme. For the above-mentioned tidal flat area carbon dioxide flux detection device based on drone, the upper floating plate is a foam floating plate and the anti-sinking plate is a stainless steel plate.

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further achieved through the following technical scheme. For the above-mentioned drone-based tidal flat area carbon dioxide flux detection device, the anti-sinking plate is a two-layer structure, the lower structure of the anti-sinking plate is provided with mounting holes for facilitating the installation of the leg pipes, and the upper structure of the anti-sinking plate is installed with a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the dry and wet status of the tidal flat.

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further achieved by the following technical solutions. For the above-mentioned tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on drone, the steps are as follows:

[0013] (1) Assemble the detection device according to the tidal flat characteristics and environmental conditions of the observation area, obtain the approximate depth of the tidal flat mud by consulting the nautical charts and relevant information, and combine with on-site investigation to determine the length of the high-strength soft rope, the layout height of the device, and the length of the leg pipe;

[0014] (2) Test the real-time transmission performance of data, debug the accuracy of each sensor, the stability of data transmission, and the reliability of battery power supply to ensure the normal operation of various functions;

[0015] (3) Debug the drone, install the lower mounting ring of the drone, and perform flight debugging to achieve stable delivery of the device, and fully charge the drone to avoid unexpected situations during transportation;

[0016] (4) Mount the assembled detection device on the drone and hoist the device to the mudflats in the designated sea area to further collect data and verify the validity and continuity of the data;

[0017] (5) Perform regular inspection and maintenance of the device, especially the individual sensors and overall stability, and recover the device as planned according to the predetermined coordinates and schedule.

[0018] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further achieved through the following technical solutions. For the above-mentioned drone-based tidal flat area tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection method, in this method, the measurement steps are: first determine whether the current tidal flat state is an exposed beach state or a seawater submerged state. When the dry and wet state is an exposed beach state, the carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content on the tidal flat surface, and when the dry and wet state is a seawater submerged state, the carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content on the seawater surface and records the carbon dioxide flux on the tidal flat surface when the tidal flat is exposed.

[0019] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be further achieved by the following technical solutions. For the above-mentioned tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection method based on drones, in this method, the tidal flat carbon dioxide flux calculation method is:

[0020]

[0021] f 修正 =1+α(U-U0)+β(T-T0)+γ(H-H0)

[0022] When the wet and dry state of the tidal flat is judged as a dry grid, that is, when the tidal flat is exposed to the atmosphere, the time change rate of the carbon dioxide concentration at the tidal flat-atmosphere interface is calculated using the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] The rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration at the tidal flat-atmosphere interface:

[0025]

[0026] In the above formula, represents the rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration, represents the carbon dioxide flux, P is the air pressure, V is the volume of the carbon dioxide detector chamber, R represents the gas constant, which is 8.314, n is the number of monitoring data, and y i is the carbon dioxide concentration, t i is time, k represents the change factor;

[0027] Correction factor f 修正 It is used to consider the influence of environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature and humidity on the carbon dioxide flux on the tidal flat surface. U, T and H represent the wind speed, temperature and relative humidity during observation respectively. U0 represents the reference wind speed, which is usually the average wind speed during the experiment or observation period. T0 represents the reference temperature, which is usually the standard temperature. H0 represents the reference humidity, which is usually the average humidity value during the experiment or observation period. α is the wind speed correction coefficient, which represents the influence of wind speed change on the flux. β is the temperature correction coefficient, which represents the influence of temperature change on the flux. γ is the humidity correction coefficient, which represents the influence of humidity change on the flux.

[0028] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further achieved by the following technical solutions. For the above-mentioned tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection method based on drones,

[0029] α(U-U0) is the wind speed correction term, which means that the increase of wind speed will enhance turbulent diffusion and accelerate the carbon dioxide exchange process. α is obtained through experimental fitting, and is 0.01 at low wind speed and 0.02-0.03 at high wind speed;

[0030] β(T-T0) is the temperature correction term, which means that the increase in temperature will increase the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide, thereby affecting the flux. β represents the sensitivity of temperature to the flux. It is 0.02 for small temperature changes and 0.04-0.05 for large temperature fluctuations.

[0031] γ(H-H0) is the humidity correction term, which means that humidity changes affect the wetness of the tidal flat surface, which in turn affects the release and absorption rate of carbon dioxide. γ is 0.01 when the humidity is stable and 0.02-0.03 when the humidity fluctuates greatly.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. Efficient and flexible detection capability: By mounting on drones, the device can quickly reach the tidal flat area to detect carbon dioxide flux, greatly improving detection efficiency and flexibility. Drones are not restricted by terrain and can cover a wider area, especially in tidal flat areas that are difficult for people to enter directly, which can better demonstrate its advantages;

[0034] 2. Strong adaptability: The device is designed with a high-strength soft rope connecting the upper floating plate and the lower anti-sinking device. This design enables the device to adapt to the complex terrain and tidal changes of different tidal flats; the anti-sinking plate and the foot tube inserted into the tidal flat design effectively prevent the device from sinking on the soft muddy tidal flat, ensuring the stability and accuracy of detection;

[0035] 3. Accurate CO2 detection: The CO2 detector is installed on the connecting rod through the CO2 detection box, and a filter is set at the air inlet to effectively filter out impurities and moisture, ensuring that the detected CO2 data is accurate and reliable. This design improves the detection accuracy and data credibility;

[0036] 4. Easy operation and low maintenance cost: The device structure is simple and clear. The design of the mounting hook and connecting rod makes the installation and disassembly of the carbon dioxide detector very convenient, which is convenient for daily maintenance and replacement. At the same time, the drone-mounted method also reduces labor costs and safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the carbon dioxide detector of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide detection box of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a detection flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-4 , a tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on a drone in a tidal flat area, comprising an upper floating plate 5 and a lower anti-sinking device connected by a plurality of high-strength soft ropes 9, wherein the upper floating plate 5 is used for the data collection, processing and transmission system of the device, and can float on the water surface or the surface of the tidal flat as the water level changes; the lower anti-sinking device is used to be fixed to the tidal flat to realize the installation and fixation of the device to avoid sinking into the tidal flat or being washed away by the water flow;

[0043] Specific:

[0044] A mounting hook 1 for cooperating with a drone is fixedly installed on the top of the upper floating plate 5, so that the drone can be used to quickly move the device to the area to be detected through the mounting hook 1, which greatly improves the detection efficiency and flexibility. A plurality of carbon dioxide detectors 4 for detecting the carbon dioxide flux of the tidal flat are installed on the surrounding side of the mounting hook 1 through a connecting rod 11. The carbon dioxide detector 4 is installed on the connecting rod 11 through a carbon dioxide detection box 12. An air inlet is provided on one side of the carbon dioxide detection box 12, and a filter 13 is installed at the air inlet to prevent impurities from entering and affecting the detection accuracy.

[0045] Preferably, there are 8-12 carbon dioxide detectors 4, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting hook 1, and each carbon dioxide detector 4 is provided with a connecting rod 11, and all the connecting rods 11 are installed on the upper floating plate 5 after being integrated and connected through an integrated fixing ring 2; the carbon dioxide detector 4 is a high-precision carbon dioxide sensor, model S21A2, with a range of 0-10000ppm and a measurement accuracy of ±2%.

[0046] In order to realize remote monitoring, a circuit integration box 3 is also installed on the top of the upper floating plate 5. A control circuit board with a controller is installed in the circuit integration box 3. A detection sensor 10 for detecting air temperature, humidity and wind speed, such as a temperature and humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, etc., is also installed on the circuit integration box 3. A wireless communication module is also installed on the control circuit board to facilitate remote sending of detected data or receiving of instructions; a battery is also installed in the circuit integration box 3 to provide power; in particular, filling the circuit integration box 3 with white epoxy sealant can achieve a good waterproof effect without affecting functions such as data transmission.

[0047] The lower anti-sinking device comprises an anti-sinking plate 6 and a plurality of leg tubes 7 for inserting into the tidal flat for fixing, and the leg tubes 7 are vertically installed at the bottom of the anti-sinking plate 6. The anti-sinking plate 6 is used to increase the contact area and prevent the device from sinking into the tidal flat; the leg tubes 7 are made of stainless steel and are slender rods, and the tip 8 of the leg tubes 7 is in the shape of a spike, which plays a better fixing role; preferably, the anti-sinking plate 6 is an upper and lower two-layer structure, and the lower structure of the anti-sinking plate 6 is provided with mounting holes for facilitating the installation of the leg tubes 7, and the upper structure of the anti-sinking plate 6 is installed with a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the dry and wet state of the tidal flat.

[0048] In actual use, the upper floating plate 5 is a foam floating plate, and the anti-sinking plate 6 is a stainless steel plate; in order to facilitate installation and transportation, a detachable connection method is adopted between the anti-sinking plate 6 and the high-strength soft rope 9, and the size, area and connection position of the anti-sinking plate 6 with the high-strength soft rope 9 can be adjusted according to needs; at the same time, the anti-sinking plate 6 and the high-strength soft rope 9, the anti-sinking plate 6 and the leg tube 7, the upper floating plate 5 and the carbon dioxide detector 4 and other devices can be separated.

[0049] A method for detecting carbon dioxide flux in a tidal flat area based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, the steps of which are as follows:

[0050] (1) According to the characteristics of the tidal flat and the environmental conditions of the observation area, the detection device is assembled. By consulting the nautical charts and related materials and combining the on-site investigation, the approximate depth of the tidal flat mud is obtained, so as to determine the length of the high-strength soft rope, the layout height of the device and the length of the leg pipe. Specifically:

[0051] Assemble the lower anti-sinking device, connect the foot tube, anti-sinking plate, high-strength soft rope, foam floating plate, CO2 detector, CO2 detector integrated fixing ring, lower mounting ring of the device, etc., so as to firmly fix the lower anti-sinking device on the tidal flat through the foot tube, arrange the dryness and humidity sensors reasonably, and firmly fix one end of the high-strength soft rope in the center of the anti-sinking plate to ensure firmness and reliability;

[0052] Install the upper sensing device and conduct a comprehensive inspection of the sensing equipment, CO2 detectors, batteries, electrical data storage and transmission systems and their connections;

[0053] Check the firmness of the connection of the upper device to avoid loosening and deformation of the device due to long-term placement on the tidal flat;

[0054] Test the real-time transmission performance of data, debug the accuracy of sensors, data transmission stability and battery power reliability to ensure the normal operation of various functions;

[0055] (2) Test the real-time transmission performance of data, debug the accuracy of each sensor, the stability of data transmission, and the reliability of battery power supply to ensure the normal operation of various functions;

[0056] (3) Debug the drone, install the lower mounting ring of the drone, and perform flight debugging to achieve stable delivery of the device, and fully charge the drone to avoid unexpected situations during transportation;

[0057] (4) Mount the assembled detection device on the drone and hoist the device to the mudflats in the designated sea area to further collect data and verify the validity and continuity of the data;

[0058] (5) Perform regular inspection and maintenance of the device, especially the individual sensors and overall stability, and recover the device as planned according to the predetermined coordinates and schedule.

[0059] In this method, the measurement steps are: first determine whether the current tidal flat state is an exposed flat state or a seawater submerged state. When the dry and wet state is an exposed flat state, the carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content on the surface of the tidal flat, and when the dry and wet state is a seawater submerged state, the carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content on the seawater surface and records the carbon dioxide flux on the surface of the tidal flat when the tidal flat is exposed.

[0060] In this method, the tidal flat carbon dioxide flux is calculated as:

[0061]

[0062] f 修正 =1+α(U-U0)+β(T-T0)+γ(H-H0)

[0063] When the wet and dry state of the tidal flat is judged as a dry grid, that is, when the tidal flat is exposed to the atmosphere, the time change rate of the carbon dioxide concentration at the tidal flat-atmosphere interface is calculated using the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] The rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration at the tidal flat-atmosphere interface:

[0066]

[0067] In the above formula, represents the rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration, represents the carbon dioxide flux, P is the air pressure, V is the volume of the carbon dioxide detector chamber, R represents the gas constant, which is 8.314, n is the number of monitoring data, and y i is the carbon dioxide concentration, t i is time, k represents the change factor;

[0068] Correction factor f 修正It is used to consider the influence of environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature and humidity on the carbon dioxide flux on the tidal flat surface, where U, T and H represent the wind speed, temperature and relative humidity during observation, respectively; U0 represents the reference wind speed, which is usually the average wind speed during the experiment or observation period; T0 represents the reference temperature, which is usually the standard temperature; H0 represents the reference humidity, which is usually the average humidity value during the experiment or observation period; α is the wind speed correction coefficient, which represents the influence of wind speed change on the flux; β is the temperature correction coefficient, which represents the influence of temperature change on the flux; γ is the humidity correction coefficient, which represents the influence of humidity change on the flux;

[0069] α(U-U0) is the wind speed correction term, which means that the increase of wind speed will enhance turbulent diffusion and accelerate the carbon dioxide exchange process. α is obtained through experimental fitting;

[0070] β(T-T0) is the temperature correction term, which means that the increase in temperature will increase the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide, thereby affecting the flux. β represents the sensitivity of temperature to the flux;

[0071] γ(H-H0) is the humidity correction term, which means that humidity changes affect the wetness of the tidal flat surface, thereby affecting the release and absorption rate of carbon dioxide.

[0072] Summary table of correction coefficients α, β, and γ

[0073] Correction factor Value α When the wind speed is low, take 0.01. When the wind speed is high, take 0.02~0.03. β The temperature change is small, take 0.02, the temperature fluctuation is large, take 0.04~0.05 γ When the humidity is stable, take 0.01; when the humidity fluctuates greatly, take 0.02-0.03

[0074] Tidal flats play a vital role in sustainable development. As an important part of the ocean and climate, tidal flats not only provide habitats for biodiversity through their unique ecosystems, but also help mitigate global warming through the carbon fixation process. According to research, tidal flat ecosystems can fix up to 10% of global terrestrial carbon emissions each year. At the same time, due to the special geographical characteristics of tidal flats, the silt is relatively deep, making field observations by personnel more difficult. This application is based on drones and real-time data transmission technology, which can reduce the risks brought by observations, improve the timeliness and efficiency of observations, and provide a basis for offshore thermal power and ecological protection.

Claims

1. A tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises an upper floating plate and a lower anti-sinking device connected by a plurality of high-strength soft ropes, a mounting hook for cooperating with a drone is fixedly installed on the top of the upper floating plate, a plurality of carbon dioxide detectors for detecting carbon dioxide flux on tidal flats are installed on the surrounding side of the mounting hook through a connecting rod, the carbon dioxide detectors are installed on the connecting rod through a carbon dioxide detection box, an air inlet is provided on one side of the carbon dioxide detection box, and a filter is installed at the air inlet; the lower anti-sinking device comprises an anti-sinking plate and a plurality of leg pipes for being inserted into the tidal flat for fixing, and the leg pipes are vertically installed at the bottom of the anti-sinking plate.

2. The device for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A circuit integration box is also installed on the top of the upper floating plate. A control circuit board with a controller is installed in the circuit integration box. A detection sensor for detecting air temperature, humidity and wind speed is also installed on the circuit integration box.

3. The device for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are 8 to 12 carbon dioxide detectors, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting hook.

4. The tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide detector is a high-precision carbon dioxide sensor, model S21A2, with a measuring range of 0-10000ppm and a measuring accuracy of ±2%.

5. The device for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper floating plate is a foam floating plate, and the anti-sinking plate is a stainless steel plate.

6. The tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The anti-sinking plate is a two-layer structure, the lower structure of the anti-sinking plate is provided with mounting holes for facilitating the installation of the leg tubes, and the upper structure of the anti-sinking plate is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the dry and wet state of the tidal flat.

7. A method for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones, characterized in that: The method uses the tidal flat carbon dioxide flux detection device based on a drone in a tidal flat area as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the steps are as follows: (1) Assemble the detection device according to the tidal flat characteristics and environmental conditions of the observation area, obtain the approximate depth of the tidal flat mud by consulting the nautical charts and relevant information, and combine with on-site investigation to determine the length of the high-strength soft rope, the layout height of the device, and the length of the leg pipe; (2) Test the real-time transmission performance of data, debug the accuracy of each sensor, the stability of data transmission, and the reliability of battery power supply to ensure the normal operation of various functions; (3) Debug the drone, install the mounting ring on the lower part of the drone, and perform flight debugging to achieve stable delivery of the device, and fully charge the drone to avoid unexpected situations during transportation; (4) Mount the assembled detection device on the drone and hoist the device to the mudflats in the designated sea area to further collect data and verify the validity and continuity of the data; (5) Perform regular inspection and maintenance of the device, especially the individual sensors and overall stability, and recover the device as planned according to the predetermined coordinates and schedule.

8. The method for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones according to claim 7, characterized in that: In this method, the measurement steps are: first determine whether the current tidal flat state is an exposed flat state or a seawater submerged state. When the dry and wet state is an exposed flat state, the carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content on the surface of the tidal flat, and when the dry and wet state is a seawater submerged state, the carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content on the seawater surface and records the carbon dioxide flux on the surface of the tidal flat when the tidal flat is exposed.

9. The method for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones according to claim 7, characterized in that: In this method, the tidal flat carbon dioxide flux is calculated as: f 修正 =1+α(U-U0)+β(T-T0)+γ(H-H0) When the wet and dry state of the tidal flat is judged as a dry grid, that is, when the tidal flat is exposed to the atmosphere, the time change rate of the carbon dioxide concentration at the tidal flat-atmosphere interface is calculated using the following formula: The rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration at the tidal flat-atmosphere interface: In the above formula, represents the rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration, represents the carbon dioxide flux, P is the air pressure, V is the volume of the carbon dioxide detector chamber, R represents the gas constant, which is 8.314, n is the number of monitoring data, and y i is the carbon dioxide concentration, t i is time, k represents the change factor; Correction factor f 修正 It is used to consider the influence of environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature and humidity on the carbon dioxide flux on the tidal flat surface, where U, T and H represent the wind speed, temperature and relative humidity during observation, respectively, and U0 represents the reference wind speed, which is usually the average wind speed during the experiment or observation period. T0 represents the reference temperature, usually the standard temperature; H0 represents the reference humidity, usually the average humidity value during the experiment or observation period; α is the wind speed correction coefficient, which represents the influence of wind speed change on flux; β is the temperature correction coefficient, which represents the influence of temperature change on flux; γ is the humidity correction coefficient, which represents the influence of humidity change on flux.

10. The method for detecting carbon dioxide flux in tidal flats based on drones according to claim 9, characterized in that: in, α(U-U0) is the wind speed correction term, which means that the increase of wind speed will enhance turbulent diffusion and accelerate the carbon dioxide exchange process. α is obtained through experimental fitting, and is 0.01 at low wind speed and 0.02-0.03 at high wind speed; β(T-T0) is the temperature correction term, which means that the increase in temperature will increase the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide, thereby affecting the flux. β represents the sensitivity of temperature to the flux. It is 0.02 for small temperature changes and 0.04-0.05 for large temperature fluctuations. γ(H-H0) is the humidity correction term, which means that humidity changes affect the wetness of the tidal flat surface, which in turn affects the release and absorption rate of carbon dioxide. γ is 0.01 when the humidity is stable and 0.02-0.03 when the humidity fluctuates greatly.

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