Digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of digital landscape simulation, and discloses a virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system, which comprises a user layer, an application layer and a display layer. According to the digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality, multi-source data are acquired through the data acquisition module by adopting three means of laser radar, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography and satellite remote sensing, and the laser radar accurately measures the landform by emitting a laser beam and calculating the time difference of reflection; a high-precision digital terrain model is generated through data processing, a data fusion module aligns and fuses the multi-source data, it is ensured that all the data can be seamlessly integrated in the same reference system, a unified data format is generated, in addition, a real-time updating function allows the system to add new data sources at any time, and the system is more convenient to use. By means of the mode, the system can comprehensively and accurately express complex landscape elements, and the defects of a traditional method in detail expression are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of digital landscape simulation, in particular to a digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy, the pace of construction of modern cities is accelerating. As an important part of the city, the rationality of the planning and design of garden landscapes directly affects the overall beauty of the city and the quality of life of residents.

[0003] Traditional landscape design methods mainly rely on two-dimensional drawings and simple three-dimensional modeling. These methods have obvious deficiencies in expressing complex landscape elements and dynamic changes, resulting in poor design effects and difficulty in meeting actual needs. In recent years, the rapid development of virtual reality technology has brought new opportunities for landscape design. Through virtual reality technology, a highly realistic virtual landscape environment can be constructed, and all-round and multi-angle design simulation can be achieved, which greatly improves the authenticity and accuracy of the design. Therefore, we propose a digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality. By collecting and integrating multi-source data, a highly realistic virtual landscape environment is constructed, which supports the simulation of the entire process from the initial design stage to the construction stage, and solves the problems of poor landscape design simulation effect and low design efficiency in the existing technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of constructing a highly realistic virtual landscape environment through the collection and fusion of multi-source data, and supporting the whole process simulation from the initial design stage to the construction stage, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality, including a user layer, an application layer and a display layer, the user layer is used to receive instructions input by the user; the application layer is used to generate a three-dimensional landscape image according to the user instructions, the application layer includes a data collection module, a data fusion module, a virtual reality engine and a scene generation module; the display layer is used to feed back the generated three-dimensional landscape image to the user.

[0008] Preferably, the data acquisition module acquires data by the following means:

[0009] LiDAR emits a laser beam to the ground and uses the pulse ranging method to obtain the terrain conditions based on the reflected laser beam. The principle formula of the pulse ranging method is:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, Y is the distance from the laser radar to the surface of the garden landscape planning area; v is the propagation speed of the pulse laser; t is the time difference;

[0012] Drone aerial photography: obtain high-resolution aerial images and extract terrain and vegetation information through image processing technology;

[0013] Satellite remote sensing: Obtain terrain, vegetation, and building data over a large area, and generate high-precision digital terrain models through data processing technology.

[0014] Preferably, the data fusion module fuses multi-source data to generate a unified data format for constructing a virtual scene, specifically including:

[0015] Data alignment, aligning data from different sources;

[0016] Data fusion: fusing the aligned data to generate a high-precision digital terrain model;

[0017] Real-time updates support adding new data sources at any time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of data.

[0018] Preferably, the virtual reality engine adopts the Unity3D technology platform to support efficient scene rendering and real-time interaction, specifically including:

[0019] Scene construction: construct a virtual landscape environment based on the data generated by the data fusion module, including terrain modeling, vegetation modeling, and building modeling;

[0020] User interaction: supports four user interaction modes: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition;

[0021] Real-time rendering uses efficient rendering algorithms to ensure the smoothness and realism of virtual scenes.

[0022] Preferably, the scene generation module uses image processing technology to optimize the generated three-dimensional landscape image, specifically including:

[0023] Color Correction: Adjust the color balance of an image;

[0024] Lighting adjustment: optimize the lighting effects in the scene;

[0025] Texture Mapping: Add detailed textures to your models;

[0026] Performance optimization: 4D-BIM technology is used to comprehensively control the conflicts in landscape space, and the order of landscape design before and after construction is reasonably adjusted to avoid wasting time and resources.

[0027] Preferably, the display layer supports the following display devices: ordinary displays, head-mounted displays and projectors. The display layer also includes a sound effect module to provide an immersive auditory experience and support two sound effect modes: stereo and surround sound.

[0028] Preferably, the user layer includes a user interface design, provides a friendly interactive experience, and supports four user interaction modes: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition.

[0029] A virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation method, comprising a virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system, and further comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. Data collection: Use laser radar, drone aerial photography, and satellite remote sensing to obtain multi-source data;

[0031] S2, data fusion: align and fuse multi-source data to generate a high-precision digital terrain model;

[0032] S3, virtual scene construction: construct a virtual landscape environment based on the data generated by the data fusion module, including terrain modeling, vegetation modeling, and building modeling;

[0033] S4, User Interaction: Supports four user interaction methods: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition. Users can control the perspective, movement, and zoom operations of the virtual scene through these interaction methods;

[0034] S5. Scene generation and optimization: Use image processing technology to optimize the generated three-dimensional landscape images, including color correction, lighting adjustment, and texture mapping. Use 4D-BIM technology to comprehensively control the conflict of landscape space and make reasonable adjustments to the sequence of landscape design solutions before and after construction to avoid wasting time and resources.

[0035] S6, Display and Feedback: Feedback the generated three-dimensional landscape image to the user, support three display devices: ordinary display, head-mounted display, and projector, provide immersive auditory experience, and support two sound modes: stereo and surround sound.

[0036] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0037] Full process simulation: Supports full process simulation from the early design stage to the construction stage, helping designers and construction personnel to discover and solve problems in a timely manner and improve the efficiency of design and construction.

[0038] (III) Beneficial effects

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. This virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system uses three methods, namely, laser radar, drone aerial photography and satellite remote sensing, to obtain multi-source data through the data acquisition module. The laser radar accurately measures the terrain by emitting laser beams and calculating the time difference of reflected light. The drone aerial photography obtains high-resolution aerial images and extracts detailed terrain and vegetation information through image processing technology. Satellite remote sensing provides a wide range of terrain, vegetation and building data, and generates high-precision digital terrain models after data processing. The data fusion module aligns and fuses these multi-source data to ensure that all data can be seamlessly integrated in the same reference system and generate a unified data format. In addition, the real-time update function allows the system to add new data sources at any time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data. In this way, the system can fully and accurately express complex landscape elements, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional methods in detail expression.

[0041] 2. The virtual reality engine of the digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality is based on the Unity3D technology platform, which supports efficient scene rendering and real-time interaction. According to the data generated by the data fusion module, the virtual reality engine can build a virtual landscape environment, including terrain modeling, vegetation modeling and building modeling. Users can flexibly control the perspective, movement and scaling of the virtual scene through keyboard, mouse, touch screen and gesture recognition. The scene generation module uses image processing technology to optimize the generated three-dimensional landscape image, including color correction, lighting adjustment, texture mapping and performance optimization. Color correction ensures the color balance of the image, lighting adjustment optimizes the lighting effect in the scene, and texture mapping adds detailed textures to the model to enhance the visual effect. Performance optimization uses 4D-BI M technology to control the conflict problem of landscape space as a whole, and reasonably adjust the construction sequence of the landscape design plan to avoid the waste of time and resources. Through these technical means, the system can not only provide a highly realistic virtual landscape environment, but also support a smooth user interaction experience, significantly improving the authenticity and accuracy of the design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the data collection process of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the virtual reality technology of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of three basic characteristics of the virtual reality technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Embodiment 1: Digital landscape simulation

[0048] See also Figure 1-4 A digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality includes a user layer, an application layer and a display layer. The user layer is used to receive instructions input by a user; the application layer is used to generate a three-dimensional landscape image according to the user instructions, and the application layer includes a data acquisition module, a data fusion module, a virtual reality engine and a scene generation module; the display layer is used to feed back the generated three-dimensional landscape image to the user.

[0049] Furthermore, in the data collection stage, it specifically includes:

[0050] 1) LiDAR scanning: Use LiDAR to scan the urban park planning area, emit a laser beam to the ground, and use the pulse ranging method based on the reflected laser beam:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, Y is the distance from the laser radar to the surface of the garden landscape planning area; v is the propagation speed of the pulse laser; t is the time difference;

[0053] Obtain topographic data. For example, in a park planning area of ​​10,000 square meters, set up multiple lidar scanning points to obtain detailed terrain undulations, slope and other data to provide an accurate terrain basis for subsequent landscape design.

[0054] 2) UAV aerial image acquisition: Use drones to take aerial photos and obtain high-resolution aerial images. Through image processing technology, extract information such as vegetation distribution and water location in the park from the images. For example, if aerial photography is carried out in spring when plants are growing lushly, the distribution range of different plant species can be clearly obtained, providing a basis for vegetation planning.

[0055] 3) Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data: With the help of satellite remote sensing, data on the terrain, vegetation, buildings, etc. of the park and its surrounding areas are obtained. After data processing, a high-precision digital terrain model is generated. Combined with satellite remote sensing data, the relationship between the park and the surrounding urban environment can be understood, such as the distribution of surrounding roads and residential areas, so as to better plan the entrances and exits and functional zoning of the park.

[0056] Furthermore, in the data fusion stage, it specifically includes:

[0057] 1) Data alignment: Align data from different sources such as lidar, drone aerial photography, and satellite remote sensing to ensure the consistency of the data in spatial position. For example, accurately match the terrain data obtained by lidar with the vegetation position data in drone aerial images so that the two can be accurately mapped to the same coordinate system.

[0058] 2) Data fusion and model generation: The aligned data are fused to generate a high-precision digital terrain model. In this process, the real-time update function can add new data sources at any time. For example, after new buildings are built or the terrain is transformed in the park, the data can be updated in time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data. The fused model can fully and accurately express the complex landscape elements in the park, such as the ups and downs of the terrain, the distribution of different vegetation, and the location of existing buildings.

[0059] Furthermore, in the virtual scene construction stage, it specifically includes:

[0060] 1) Terrain modeling: Based on the data generated by the data fusion module, the terrain model of the park is constructed in the virtual reality engine (Unity3D technology platform). Using terrain modeling tools, based on the collected terrain data, the topography of the park is accurately shaped, including hills, valleys, lakes and other terrain features, so that the virtual terrain is highly consistent with the actual terrain.

[0061] 2) Vegetation modeling: Based on the vegetation information extracted from drone aerial photography, various types of plants in the park are modeled, and realistic three-dimensional models are created for different types of trees, flowers and other plants. They are arranged in the virtual scene according to their actual distribution, taking into account the growth cycle and seasonal changes of plants, and simulating the vegetation landscape in different seasons.

[0062] 3) Building modeling: Using satellite remote sensing and field measurement data, existing buildings in the park (such as pavilions, management rooms, etc.) are modeled. At the same time, new building models are designed according to planning requirements, and detailed textures and materials are added to the buildings to make their appearance consistent with the actual buildings, and ensure that the buildings are naturally integrated with elements such as terrain and vegetation.

[0063] Furthermore, in the user interaction stage, it specifically includes:

[0064] 1) Users can control the perspective, movement, and zooming of virtual scenes through interactive methods such as keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition. For example, users can use gesture recognition to stroll in a virtual park, change the perspective direction by sliding their fingers, and view the landscapes of different areas; use keyboard shortcuts to control the zooming of the scene, observe plant details up close, or overlook the entire park from a distance. Users can also select different landscape elements through the touch screen to obtain their detailed information, such as the name of the plant, its growth habits, etc.

[0065] Furthermore, in the scene generation and optimization stage, it specifically includes:

[0066] 1) Color correction and lighting adjustment: Use image processing technology to perform color correction on the generated 3D landscape images to ensure the color balance of the images so that they match the colors of the actual scenes, optimize the lighting effects in the scenes, simulate the lighting changes in different time periods (such as morning, noon, and evening), and the light and shadow effects under different weather conditions (such as sunny, cloudy, and rainy days), and enhance the realism of the scenes.

[0067] 2) Texture mapping and performance optimization: Add detailed textures to the model, such as the bark texture of trees and the masonry texture of buildings, to improve the realism of the model. Use 4D-BIM technology to control the conflict of landscape space as a whole and reasonably adjust the construction sequence of landscape design plans. For example, when planning road construction and landscape facility construction in the park, use 4D-BIM technology to simulate the construction process to avoid wasting time and resources. At the same time, optimize the scene performance to ensure smooth operation on different hardware devices.

[0068] Furthermore, in the display and feedback stage, it specifically includes:

[0069] 1) Feedback the generated 3D landscape image to the user, supporting display devices such as ordinary monitors, head-mounted displays and projectors. Users can choose different display modes according to their needs, such as using ordinary monitors on personal computers for preliminary design review, using head-mounted displays in an immersive experience environment to feel the real landscape atmosphere, or using projectors for presentations in multi-person presentations. The sound effect module of the display layer provides stereo and surround sound modes, simulating the natural sounds in the park (such as birdsong, wind, running water, etc.), providing users with an immersive auditory experience.

[0070] Example 2: Experimental Design

[0071] 1. Purpose of the experiment

[0072] It aims to comprehensively evaluate the performance of virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation systems in terms of data acquisition, fusion, scene rendering, user interaction and system stability, and provide data support and decision-making basis for system optimization and practical applications.

[0073] 2. Experimental Equipment and Environment

[0074] 1. Hardware equipment

[0075] 1. Data acquisition equipment

[0076] LiDAR: Velodyne VLP-16Puck LI TE, measuring range 100 meters, angular resolution 0.1°-0.4°, scanning frequency 20Hz.

[0077] Drone: DJI Mavic Ai r2S, 1-inch CMOS sensor, 5.4K / 30fps video and 20-megapixel photo shooting capabilities.

[0078] Satellite remote sensing data receiving equipment: professional level, receiving image data with a resolution of 0.3 meters.

[0079] 2. Computing equipment

[0080] High-performance workstation: Intel Core i9-11900K processor, main frequency 3.5GHz, turbo frequency 5.3GHz, 16 cores and 24 threads; NVIDIA GeForce RTX3090 graphics card, 24GB GDDR6X video memory; 128GB DDR4 memory; 2TB NVMeSSD solid-state drive.

[0081] Ordinary office computer: Intel Core i5-10400 processor, main frequency 2.9GHz, turbo frequency 4.3GHz, 6 cores and 12 threads; NVIDIA GeForce GTX1650 graphics card, 4GBG DDR5 video memory; 16GB DDR4 memory; 500GB SATASSD solid state drive.

[0082] 3. Display device

[0083] Head-mounted display: HTC Vi ve Pro2, resolution 2448×2448 pixels, refresh rate 120Hz, field of view 120°.

[0084] Ordinary monitor: Dell U2720Q, 4K resolution (3840×2160 pixels), 60Hz refresh rate.

[0085] Projector: Ben QTK850, 4K resolution, 3000 lumens brightness.

[0086] (II) Software Environment

[0087] 1. Operating system: Windows 10 Professional 64-bit.

[0088] 2. Data acquisition and processing software: Veloview (lidar), Pix4Dmapper (drone), ENVI (satellite remote sensing).

[0089] 3. Digital landscape simulation system software: developed based on Unity3D2022.3.10f1.

[0090] 4. Performance monitoring software: NVID IAGPU-Z, Fraps, Windows Task Manager.

[0091] 3. Experimental Data Preparation

[0092] (I) Test scenario selection

[0093] Small urban park landscape: 50,000 square meters, including undulating terrain, various vegetation, walking paths, and small buildings.

[0094] Large rural pastoral landscape: 200,000 square meters, with large tracts of farmland, rivers, rural roads, and farmhouse clusters.

[0095] (II) Data collection and preprocessing

[0096] 1. LiDAR Scanning

[0097] There are 150 scanning points in the urban park, each of which is scanned for 5 minutes, and 8 million point cloud data are obtained. After denoising, about 7.95 million points are retained (about 50,000 outliers are removed), and about 4 million ground points are retained after ground filtering; there are 300 scanning points in the rural garden, each of which is scanned for 8 minutes, and 15 million point cloud data are obtained. After denoising, about 14.92 million points are retained (about 80,000 outliers are removed), and about 8 million ground points are retained after ground filtering.

[0098] 2. Drone aerial photography

[0099] There are 5 routes in urban parks, the flight altitude is 80 meters, 500 images are taken, and the stitching error is 0.3 meters; there are 5 routes in rural areas, the flight altitude is 120 meters, 800 images are taken, and the stitching error is 0.8 meters.

[0100] 3. Satellite remote sensing data acquisition

[0101] Download the coverage scene image, and match it with the actual coordinates after geometric and radiometric correction, with an error of 0.05 pixels.

[0102] 3. Data fusion and scenario construction

[0103] The fused data was aligned for 30 minutes for urban park data. After fusion, the average error of terrain elevation was 0.05 meters, and the average deviation of object position was 0.2 meters. The rural data was aligned for 50 minutes. After fusion, the average error of terrain elevation was 0.08 meters, and the average deviation of object position was 0.3 meters.

[0104] Build scenes, including terrain, vegetation, building modeling, texture mapping and lighting settings.

[0105] 4. Performance test indicators

[0106] (I) Data collection performance

[0107] 1. LiDAR

[0108] The average measurement accuracy error of urban parks is 0.03 meters, and it takes an average of 8 minutes to collect 1,000 square meters; the average measurement accuracy error of rural farmlands is 0.08 meters, and it takes an average of 12 minutes to collect 1,000 square meters.

[0109] 2. Drone aerial photography

[0110] The image resolution reaches 5.4K, the image clarity score of urban parks is 88 points, and the image clarity score of rural countryside is 82 points.

[0111] 3. Satellite remote sensing

[0112] The data accuracy is 98% and the timeliness is 3 days.

[0113] (II) Data fusion performance

[0114] 1. Fusion accuracy

[0115] The average absolute error of urban park terrain fusion is 0.08 meters, and the average position deviation of feature fusion is 0.25 meters. The average absolute error of rural pastoral terrain fusion is 0.12 meters, and the average position deviation of feature fusion is 0.4 meters.

[0116] 2. Fusion efficiency

[0117] It takes 1.5 hours to integrate the urban park into a digital terrain model, and 2.5 hours to integrate the rural countryside.

[0118] (III) Scene rendering performance

[0119] 1. Frame rate (FPS)

[0120] In high-complexity scenarios, the average frame rate of the head-mounted display is 105Hz in urban parks, and the average frame rate is 92Hz in rural areas. In high-complexity scenarios, the average frame rate of ordinary displays is 65Hz in urban parks, and the average frame rate is 58Hz in rural areas.

[0121] 2. Rendering Delay

[0122] The average rendering delay for urban parks is 35 milliseconds, and the average rendering delay for rural countryside is 45 milliseconds.

[0123] 3. Image Quality

[0124] According to the subjective ratings by professionals and ordinary users, the average score for urban parks was 8.2 points, and the average score for rural pastoral was 7.5 points; the contrast ratio of urban parks was 120:1, the brightness uniformity deviation was 8%, and the contrast ratio of rural pastoral was 110:1, and the brightness uniformity deviation was 10%.

[0125] (IV) User Interaction Performance

[0126] 1. Response time

[0127] Average response time 85 milliseconds.

[0128] 2. Interaction accuracy

[0129] Accuracy rate: 92%.

[0130] 3. Interaction availability

[0131] The average score of the questionnaire was 4.0.

[0132] (V) System stability

[0133] 1. Long-term operation stability

[0134] The workstation ran continuously for 72 hours and experienced one minor freeze, which lasted for 2 seconds before returning to normal.

[0135] 2. Memory leak detection

[0136] No memory leaks detected.

[0137] 3. Multi-user concurrent performance

[0138] 10 users operate concurrently, with an average response time of 120 milliseconds, server CPU utilization of 75%, memory usage of 80%, and good data consistency.

[0139] V. Experimental Results Analysis and Conclusion

[0140] (I) Data collection performance

[0141] LiDAR has high acquisition accuracy and high speed.

[0142] The resolution of drone aerial images meets the standards and the clarity is good.

[0143] Satellite remote sensing data is highly accurate and timely, meeting system requirements.

[0144] (II) Data fusion performance

[0145] Fusion accuracy and overall accuracy are high.

[0146] The fusion efficiency is within a reasonable range.

[0147] (III) Scene rendering performance

[0148] The frame rate of the head-mounted display basically meets the standard.

[0149] There is less rendering delay and the image quality is better overall.

[0150] (IV) User Interaction Performance

[0151] The response time and interaction accuracy are good, and the interaction method usability is high.

[0152] In summary, the digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality uses three methods, namely, lidar, drone aerial photography and satellite remote sensing, to obtain multi-source data through the data acquisition module. The lidar accurately measures the terrain by emitting laser beams and calculating the time difference of the reflected beams; drone aerial photography obtains high-resolution aerial images and extracts detailed terrain and vegetation information through image processing technology; satellite remote sensing provides a wide range of terrain, vegetation and building data, and generates high-precision digital terrain models after data processing. The data fusion module aligns and fuses these multi-source data to ensure that all data can be seamlessly integrated in the same reference system and generate a unified data format. In addition, the real-time update function allows the system to add new data sources at any time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data. In this way, the system can fully and accurately express complex landscape elements, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional methods in detail expression.

[0153] In addition, the virtual reality engine of the digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality is based on the Unity3D technology platform, supporting efficient scene rendering and real-time interaction. According to the data generated by the data fusion module, the virtual reality engine can build a virtual landscape environment, including terrain modeling, vegetation modeling and building modeling. Users can flexibly control the perspective, movement and scaling of the virtual scene through a variety of methods such as keyboard, mouse, touch screen and gesture recognition. The scene generation module uses image processing technology to optimize the generated three-dimensional landscape image, including color correction, lighting adjustment, texture mapping and performance optimization. Color correction ensures the color balance of the image, lighting adjustment optimizes the lighting effect in the scene, texture mapping adds detailed textures to the model, and enhances the visual effect. Performance optimization uses 4D-BI M technology to control the conflict problem of landscape space as a whole, and reasonably adjusts the construction sequence of the landscape design plan before and after, avoiding the waste of time and resources. Through these technical means, the system can not only provide a highly realistic virtual landscape environment, but also support a smooth user interaction experience, significantly improve the authenticity and accuracy of the design, and solve the problems of poor landscape design simulation effect and low design efficiency in the existing technology.

[0154] The relevant modules involved in this system are all hardware system modules or functional modules that combine computer software programs or protocols with hardware in the prior art. The computer software programs or protocols involved in the functional modules are themselves technologies that are well known to those skilled in the art and are not improvements of this system. The improvements of this system are the interaction or connection relationships between the modules, that is, improvements to the overall structure of the system to solve the corresponding technical problems to be solved by this system.

[0155] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A digital landscape simulation system based on virtual reality, characterized in that: It includes a user layer, an application layer and a display layer. The user layer is used to receive instructions input by users; the application layer is used to generate three-dimensional landscape images according to user instructions, and the application layer includes a data acquisition module, a data fusion module, a virtual reality engine and a scene generation module; the display layer is used to feed back the generated three-dimensional landscape images to users.

2. A virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module acquires data by the following means: LiDAR emits a laser beam to the ground and uses the pulse ranging method to obtain the terrain conditions based on the reflected laser beam. The principle formula of the pulse ranging method is: Among them, Y is the distance from the laser radar to the surface of the garden landscape planning area; v is the propagation speed of the pulse laser; t is the time difference; Drone aerial photography: obtain high-resolution aerial images and extract terrain and vegetation information through image processing technology; Satellite remote sensing: Obtain terrain, vegetation, and building data over a large area, and generate high-precision digital terrain models through data processing technology.

3. The virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data fusion module fuses multi-source data to generate a unified data format for constructing a virtual scene, specifically including: Data alignment, aligning data from different sources; Data fusion: fusing the aligned data to generate a high-precision digital terrain model; Real-time updates support adding new data sources at any time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of data.

4. The virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The virtual reality engine adopts the Unity3D technology platform to support efficient scene rendering and real-time interaction, including: Scene construction: construct a virtual landscape environment based on the data generated by the data fusion module, including terrain modeling, vegetation modeling, and building modeling; User interaction: supports four user interaction modes: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition; Real-time rendering uses efficient rendering algorithms to ensure the smoothness and realism of virtual scenes.

5. The virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scene generation module uses image processing technology to optimize the generated three-dimensional landscape image, specifically including: Color Correction: Adjust the color balance of an image; Lighting adjustment: optimize the lighting effects in the scene; Texture Mapping: Add detailed textures to your models; Performance optimization: 4D-BIM technology is used to comprehensively control the conflicts in landscape space, and the order of landscape design before and after construction is reasonably adjusted to avoid wasting time and resources.

6. The virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display layer supports the following display devices: ordinary displays, head-mounted displays and projectors. The display layer also includes a sound effect module to provide an immersive auditory experience and support two sound effect modes: stereo and surround sound.

7. The virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user layer includes user interface design, provides a friendly interactive experience, and supports four user interaction modes: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition.

8. A digital landscape simulation method based on virtual reality, characterized in that: The virtual reality-based digital landscape simulation system according to claims 1 to 7 further comprises the following steps: S1. Data collection: Use laser radar, drone aerial photography, and satellite remote sensing to obtain multi-source data; S2, data fusion: align and fuse multi-source data to generate a high-precision digital terrain model; S3, virtual scene construction: construct a virtual landscape environment based on the data generated by the data fusion module, including terrain modeling, vegetation modeling, and building modeling; S4, User Interaction: Supports four user interaction methods: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and gesture recognition. Users can control the perspective, movement, and zoom operations of the virtual scene through these interaction methods; S5. Scene generation and optimization: Use image processing technology to optimize the generated three-dimensional landscape images, including color correction, lighting adjustment, and texture mapping. Use 4D-BIM technology to comprehensively control the conflict of landscape space and make reasonable adjustments to the sequence of landscape design solutions before and after construction to avoid wasting time and resources. S6, Display and Feedback: Feedback the generated three-dimensional landscape image to the user, support three display devices: ordinary display, head-mounted display, and projector, provide immersive auditory experience, and support two sound modes: stereo and surround sound.

9. The method for simulating digital landscape based on virtual reality according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Full process simulation: Supports full process simulation from the early design stage to the construction stage, helping designers and construction personnel to discover and solve problems in a timely manner and improve the efficiency of design and construction.

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