High-flexibility anti-electromagnetic pulse signal transmission cable
By using composite shielding layer and modified aromatic TPU material in the cable, the problem of insufficient performance of existing cables in the face of electromagnetic pulses and electrostatic phenomena is solved, and the high flexibility of electromagnetic pulse signal transmission, flame retardant, anti-static and mechanical properties are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411920217.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing cables are difficult to resist effectively when facing electromagnetic pulses and electrostatic phenomena, and are flammable, limiting their application range.
A high-flexible electromagnetic pulse signal transmission cable consisting of a conductor, an insulating layer, a composite shielding layer and a protective sleeve is used. The composite shielding layer is composed of a multi-layer conductive cloth and a wire braided layer. The protective sleeve material uses modified aromatic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as the substrate, and a modifier is added to improve flame retardant and anti-static properties.
It significantly improves the electromagnetic pulse signal resistance, flame retardant performance, antistatic performance and mechanical properties of the cable, and enhances the safety and reliability of the cable.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and in particular, relates to a highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable. Background Art
[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, artificial electromagnetic interference is becoming more and more serious. Electromagnetic pulses (EMP) generated by nuclear explosions or high-power electromagnetic weapons are a strong source of electromagnetic interference. On the other hand, with the widespread application of digital circuits and large-scale integrated circuits, electronic equipment and systems are becoming more and more sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Under the action of strong electromagnetic pulses, it can cause serious interference to electronic equipment and systems, or burn electronic components and cause permanent damage to the system. Various cables in the system are an important way to couple electromagnetic pulse energy to cause system interference and damage, and static electricity will also occur during operation, causing damage to the circuit and even fire.
[0003] The composition of the cable can be generally divided into three main structural components: conductor, insulation layer and sheath, as well as filling elements and tensile elements. Since the outermost layer of the cable is protected by the sheath, the performance of the sheath determines whether the performance of the cable is excellent; common cable sheath materials include polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, etc., among which polyurethane (PU) is a polymer made of polyisocyanate and polyether polyol or polyester polyol or / and small molecule polyol, polyamine or water and other chain extenders or crosslinking agents. Since polyurethane contains strong polar urethane groups, different products of thermosetting polyurethane and thermoplastic polyurethane can be obtained by adjusting the ratio of NCO / OH in the formula. Among them, aromatic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and easy processing and is widely used in the field of cables. However, polyurethane materials are easy to burn and produce more black smoke when burning, which will pose a potential threat to people's life and health, limiting its scope of application. Therefore, it is very necessary to modify polyurethane to be flame retardant.
[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to invent a cable that is resistant to electromagnetic pulses, antistatic and flame retardant to meet higher demands in the field of cable technology. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable.
[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0007] A highly flexible anti-electromagnetic pulse signal transmission cable is composed of a conductor, an insulating layer, a composite shielding layer and a protective sheath which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside.
[0008] Furthermore, the conductor is a copper-aluminum alloy conductor.
[0009] Furthermore, the insulating layer is made of styrene-butadiene rubber.
[0010] Furthermore, the composite shielding layer is composed of, from inside to outside, a first conductive cloth wrapping layer, a nickel-plated copper wire braided layer, an aluminum-plastic composite tape wrapping layer, a tin-plated copper wire braided layer and a second conductive cloth wrapping layer.
[0011] Furthermore, the conductive cloth used for the first conductive cloth wrapping layer and the second conductive cloth wrapping layer is composed of copper and nickel composite metal powder plated on the surface of a plain cloth tape composed of polyester fibers.
[0012] Furthermore, the material of the protective cover includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-100 parts of TPU, 15-20 parts of modifier, 2-4 parts of antioxidant, and 1-3 parts of lubricant.
[0013] Furthermore, the TPU is aromatic TPU.
[0014] Furthermore, the antioxidant is one of p-phenylenediamine and thiol benzimidazole.
[0015] Furthermore, the lubricant is one of paraffin and stearamide fatty acid.
[0016] The prepared protective cover is based on TPU, which gives the material excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and easy processing properties.
[0017] Furthermore, the modifier is prepared by the following steps:
[0018] S1. Add 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and toluene into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, and stir for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen. Dissolve 4-chlorobenzaldehyde in ethanol and drip it into the above three-necked flask drop by drop. Heat in an oil bath and stir continuously. Raise the temperature to 75°C and react for 12 hours. The active PH bond in the DOPO structure can react with the aldehyde group. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature, extract, separate and distill to obtain intermediate 1. The ratio of DOPO to 4-chlorobenzaldehyde is 10.81g:8.43g. The specific reaction steps are as follows:
[0019]
[0020] S2. Stearic acid, methyldiethanolamine and toluene are placed in a four-necked flask, reacted for 2 hours under the protection of nitrogen, refluxed condensed water is introduced, p-toluenesulfonic acid is added, esterification and dehydration are carried out at 150° C. for 3 hours, and after cooling, the intermediate 2 is obtained by vacuum distillation. The amount ratio of stearic acid to methyldiethanolamine is 14.22 g:5.96 g. The specific reaction steps are as follows:
[0021]
[0022] S3, dissolving intermediate 2 in DMSO and placing in a three-necked flask, adding chloroacetic acid to the above three-necked flask, adjusting the pH value to 8 with sodium hydroxide solution (mass concentration 15%), stirring, controlling the reaction temperature in the flask to 75°C, maintaining for 5 hours, purifying by column chromatography (eluent using a mixed solvent of ether / carbon tetrachloride, the volume ratio of the two is 1:3), removing the eluent by rotary evaporation, and obtaining intermediate 3, the ratio of the amount of intermediate 2 to chloroacetic acid is 19.40g:4.72g, and the specific reaction steps are as follows:
[0023]
[0024] The tertiary nitrogen on the intermediate 2 molecule reacts with the -Cl on the sodium chloroacetate to form N + ion to give intermediate 3.
[0025] S4, dissolving the intermediate 1 prepared in step S1 in DMSO and placing it in a three-necked flask, dripping the intermediate 3 dissolved in DMSO into the three-necked flask drop by drop, the chlorine group connected to the benzene ring at the end of the intermediate 1 can react with the hydroxyl group connected to the end of the intermediate 3, reacting at 65°C for 2h, cooling and extracting, and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain a modifier, the ratio of the amount of intermediate 1 to intermediate 3 is 17.83g:23.45g, and the specific reaction steps are as follows:
[0026]
[0027] The prepared modifier contains benzene ring, phosphorus, nitrogen and long carbon chain. The benzene ring is a rigid structure, which can enhance the mechanical properties and heat resistance of TPU matrix to a certain extent. Phosphorus and nitrogen belong to phosphorus and nitrogen flame retardant components respectively, forming PN synergistic flame retardant, which can work together with benzene ring to greatly improve the flame retardant properties of matrix. The internal rotation barrier of single bonds such as CO and CN is usually higher than that of CC bond, which limits the flexibility of molecules. The introduced long carbon chain is completely composed of CC bond, with simple structure and low internal rotation barrier of single bond. The modifier has a low molecular weight and can penetrate into the gaps of the matrix, thereby improving the flexibility of the matrix; due to the quaternization effect, the nitrogen atoms in the modifier are positively charged, so that the modifier has the characteristics of a cationic surfactant, and the positive charge can adsorb the negative charge generated during the working process to achieve the effect of neutralizing the charge, thereby improving the antistatic performance of the matrix; since the matrix is a thermoplastic polyurethane with a benzene ring structure, the prepared modifier also has a benzene ring structure. According to the principle of like dissolves like, the two can be combined more closely, thereby improving the stability of the modifier molecules.
[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0029] 1. The present invention greatly improves the anti-electromagnetic pulse signal performance of the cable by adding a composite shielding layer;
[0030] 2. The cable protective sheath material prepared by the present invention uses aromatic TPU as a matrix, which gives the cable excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, flexibility and easy processing performance;
[0031] 3. The present invention modifies the protective cover material by using a modifier, thereby improving the mechanical properties, flame retardant properties, flexibility and antistatic properties of the protective cover.
[0032] Therefore, the cable prepared by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties, high-efficiency flame retardancy, flexibility, antistatic properties, chemical corrosion resistance and anti-electromagnetic pulse signal performance, and has important application value in the field of cable technology. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] Embodiment 1
[0035] Preparation of modifier:
[0036] S1. Add 10.81 g of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and 30 mL of toluene into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, and stir for 1 h under the protection of nitrogen. Dissolve 8.43 g of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde in 20 mL of ethanol, and drip it dropwise into the above three-necked flask. Heat in an oil bath and stir continuously. Raise the temperature to 75 °C and react for 12 h. The active PH bond in the DOPO structure can react with the aldehyde group. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature, extract, separate and distill to obtain intermediate 1.
[0037] S2. Place 14.22 g of stearic acid, 5.96 g of methyldiethanolamine and 40 mL of toluene in a four-necked flask, react for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen, introduce reflux condensed water, add 8.60 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid, esterify and dehydrate at 150 °C for 3 h, cool and distill under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate 2.
[0038] S3. Dissolve 19.40 g of intermediate 2 in 45 mL of DMSO and place in a three-necked flask. Add 4.72 g of chloroacetic acid to the three-necked flask, adjust the pH value to 8 with sodium hydroxide solution (mass concentration 15%), stir, control the reaction temperature in the flask to 75°C, maintain for 5 hours, purify by column chromatography (the eluent is a mixed solvent of ether / carbon tetrachloride, the volume ratio of the two is 1:3), remove the eluent by rotary evaporation, and obtain intermediate 3.
[0039] S4. Dissolve 17.83 g of intermediate 1 prepared in step S1 in 40 mL of DMSO and place in a three-necked flask. Add 23.45 g of intermediate 3 dissolved in 50 mL of DMSO dropwise into the three-necked flask. The chlorine group connected to the benzene ring at the end of intermediate 1 can react with the hydroxyl group connected to the end of intermediate 3. The reaction is carried out at 65° C. for 2 h. After cooling, extraction is carried out with acetone and reduced pressure distillation is performed to obtain a modifier.
[0040] Embodiment 2
[0041] Preparation of modifier:
[0042] S1. Add 21.62 g of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and 60 mL of toluene into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, and stir for 1 h under the protection of nitrogen. Dissolve 16.86 g of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde in 40 mL of ethanol, and drip it dropwise into the above three-necked flask. Heat in an oil bath and stir continuously. Raise the temperature to 75 °C and react for 12 h. The active PH bond in the DOPO structure can react with the aldehyde group. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature, extract, separate and distill to obtain intermediate 1.
[0043] S2. Place 28.44 g of stearic acid, 11.92 g of methyldiethanolamine and 80 mL of toluene in a four-necked flask, react for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen, introduce reflux condensed water, add 17.20 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid, esterify and dehydrate at 150 °C for 3 h, cool and distill under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate 2.
[0044] S3. Dissolve 38.80 g of intermediate 2 in 90 mL of DMSO and place in a three-necked flask. Add 9.44 g of chloroacetic acid to the three-necked flask, adjust the pH value to 8 with sodium hydroxide solution (mass concentration 15%), stir, control the reaction temperature in the flask to 75°C, maintain for 5 hours, and purify by column chromatography (the eluent is a mixed solvent of ether / carbon tetrachloride, the volume ratio of the two is 1:3) to obtain intermediate 3.
[0045] S4. Dissolve 35.66 g of intermediate 1 prepared in step S1 in 80 mL of DMSO and place in a three-necked flask. Add 46.90 g of intermediate 3 dissolved in 100 mL of DMSO dropwise into the three-necked flask. The chlorine group connected to the benzene ring at the end of intermediate 1 can react with the hydroxyl group connected to the end of intermediate 3. The reaction is carried out at 65° C. for 2 h. After cooling, extraction is carried out with acetone and reduced pressure distillation is performed to obtain a modifier.
[0046] Embodiment 3
[0047] Preparation of protective cover materials:
[0048] 85g58091 (Dongguan Molan Zhongjia Plastic Technology Co., Ltd.) was placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 120°C for 24h. The dried 58091, 15g of the modifier prepared in Example 1, 2.0g of p-phenylenediamine and 1.0g of paraffin were successively added to a mixer and stirred for 45min. Then, the mixture was added to a twin-screw extruder, melt-blended and extruded to obtain a protective cover material.
[0049] Embodiment 4
[0050] Preparation of protective cover materials:
[0051] 95g58091 (Dongguan Molan Zhongjia Plastic Technology Co., Ltd.) was placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 120°C for 24h. The dried 58091 and 18g of the modifier prepared in Example 2, 3.0g of thiol benzimidazole and 2.0g of stearamide fatty acid were successively added to a mixer and stirred for 45min, and then added to a twin-screw extruder, melt blended, and extruded to obtain a protective cover material.
[0052] Embodiment 5
[0053] Preparation of protective cover materials:
[0054] 100g58091 (Dongguan Molan Zhongjia Plastic Technology Co., Ltd.) was placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 120°C for 24h. The dried 58091 and 20g of the modifier prepared in Example 2, 4.0g of thiol benzimidazole and 3.0g of stearamide fatty acid were successively added to a mixer and stirred for 45min. Then, the mixture was added to a twin-screw extruder, melt-blended, and extruded to obtain a protective cover material.
[0055] Embodiment 6
[0056] Styrene-butadiene rubber is extruded on the copper-aluminum alloy conductor to form an insulating layer; a first conductive cloth wrapping layer, a nickel-plated copper wire braided layer, an aluminum-plastic composite tape wrapping layer, a tinned copper wire braided layer and a second conductive cloth wrapping layer are sequentially wrapped around the insulating layer to form a composite shielding layer; the protective cover material prepared in Example 5 is then passed through an extruder to be extruded and coated on the surface of the composite shielding layer to obtain a highly flexible anti-electromagnetic pulse signal transmission cable.
[0057] Comparative Example 1
[0058] The DOPO flame retardant was used to replace the modifier in Example 5, and the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 5 to prepare the material of the protective cover.
[0059] Comparative Example 2
[0060] Use 58091 (Dongguan Molan Zhongjia Plastic Technology Co., Ltd.).
[0061] According to different test standards, the embodiments 3 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 were made into corresponding shapes to be tested, and the following performance tests were carried out. The results are shown in the following table:
[0062]
[0063] The cable made in Example 6 was subjected to the following performance tests:
[0064] Test items Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, dB Test Standards GB / T 32511-2016 Embodiment 6 54.20
[0065] It can be seen from the above table that the protective sheath material prepared by the present invention has good mechanical properties, flame retardancy and antistatic properties. Using it for cables can enhance the corresponding performance of the cables and the prepared cables have good electromagnetic shielding effectiveness due to the addition of the composite shielding layer. Therefore, the present invention has important application value in the field of cable technology.
[0066] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0067] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A highly flexible anti-electromagnetic pulse signal transmission cable, which is composed of a conductor, an insulating layer, a composite shielding layer and a protective cover arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, characterized in that: The material of the protective cover comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-100 parts of TPU, 15-20 parts of modifier, 2-4 parts of antioxidant, and 1-3 parts of lubricant.
2. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is one of p-phenylenediamine and thiol benzimidazole.
3. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is one of paraffin and stearamide fatty acid.
4. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modifying agent is prepared by the following steps: S1. Place 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and toluene in a three-necked flask, stir for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen, dissolve 4-chlorobenzaldehyde in ethanol and drip into the three-necked flask dropwise, heat in an oil bath and stir continuously, raise the temperature to 75°C and react for 12 hours to obtain intermediate 1; S2, stearic acid, methyldiethanolamine and toluene were placed in a four-necked flask, reacted for 2 h under the protection of nitrogen, refluxed condensed water was introduced, p-toluenesulfonic acid was added, and esterification and dehydration were carried out at 150° C. for 3 h to obtain intermediate 2; S3, dissolving intermediate 2 in DMSO, placing in a three-necked flask, adding chloroacetic acid into the three-necked flask, adjusting the pH value to 8 with sodium hydroxide solution, stirring, controlling the reaction temperature in the flask to 75° C., maintaining for 5 hours, to obtain intermediate 3; S4. Dissolve the intermediate 1 prepared in step S1 in DMSO and place in a three-necked flask. Add the intermediate 3 dissolved in DMSO dropwise into the three-necked flask and react at 65° C. for 2 h to obtain a modifier.
5. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the ratio of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide to 4-chlorobenzaldehyde is 10.81 g:8.43 g.
6. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the ratio of the amount of stearic acid to that of methyldiethanolamine is 14.22 g:5.96 g.
7. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the amount of intermediate 2 to that of chloroacetic acid used in step S3 is 19.40 g:4.72 g.
8. The highly flexible electromagnetic pulse resistant signal transmission cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the amount of intermediate 1 to that of intermediate 3 in step S4 is 17.83 g:23.45 g.