Hydrogen fuel cell system and control method thereof, vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell system and a control method thereof, a vehicle and a storage medium. The hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen storage device; a galvanic pile; a vortex tube; the output end of the mixing chamber is communicated with the input end of the electric pile; the heat flow valve is arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber; the cold flow valve is arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber; the controller is configured to obtain a target hydrogen temperature value entering the electric pile and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the electric pile; and based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening degree of a cold flow valve and the opening degree of a hot flow valve are adjusted, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value. The temperature of hydrogen entering the galvanic pile is consistent with the target hydrogen temperature by adjusting the flow rates of the cold flow and the hot flow, so that the temperature of hydrogen entering the galvanic pile is prevented from being too high or too low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system and a control method thereof, a vehicle, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that generates electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen. As the global demand for renewable energy and clean energy continues to increase, hydrogen fuel cells are increasingly used in the automotive field.

[0003] However, the temperature of hydrogen entering the battery stack is uncontrollable, which can easily affect the life of the battery. For example, when the temperature of hydrogen entering the battery stack is too low, the low-temperature hydrogen mixes with the high-temperature hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump and easily condenses into water droplets, blocking the hydrogen flow channel of the battery stack, causing hydrogen starvation and accelerating the attenuation of the battery. In related technologies, the coolant of the battery stack is used to heat the hydrogen, but due to the slow heat exchange rate between hydrogen and coolant, it cannot quickly respond to heating needs.

[0004] Therefore, how to make the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell meet the usage requirements is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell system to solve the problem of uncontrollable temperature of hydrogen entering the battery stack in the related art; the second purpose is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell system; the third purpose is to provide a means of transportation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, a hydrogen fuel cell system is provided, comprising:

[0008] A hydrogen storage device for providing hydrogen;

[0009] A battery stack, which is used to release electrical energy through electrochemical reactions;

[0010] A vortex tube, wherein the input end of the vortex tube is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage device, the hot flow output end of the vortex tube is connected to the first input end of the mixing chamber, and the cold flow output end of the vortex tube is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber;

[0011] A mixing chamber, wherein an output end of the mixing chamber is connected to an input end of the fuel cell stack;

[0012] A heat flow valve is arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the heat flow output by the vortex tube;

[0013] A cold flow valve is arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the cold flow output by the vortex tube;

[0014] The controller is configured as:

[0015] Obtain the target temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and the current temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack;

[0016] Based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve are adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0017] According to the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application accurately controls the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve that need to be adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and the current hydrogen temperature value entering the fuel cell stack is further adjusted by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve to reach the target temperature value, so as to achieve the control of the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and avoid the life of the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the uncontrollable temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0018] Further, the controller adjusts the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, and is specifically configured as: determining the target cold flow flow and the target hot flow flow based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value; adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow flow, and adjusting the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow flow.

[0019] Since the cold flow rate is determined by the opening of the cold flow valve and the hot flow rate is determined by the opening of the hot flow valve, adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow rate and adjusting the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow rate can adjust the cold flow rate and the hot flow rate, thereby adjusting the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0020] Furthermore, the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell system also includes a hydrogen recovery branch, the input end of the hydrogen recovery branch is connected to the output end of the stack, and the output end of the hydrogen recovery branch is connected to the input end of the mixing chamber; a hot flow temperature sensor is arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, and the hot flow temperature sensor is used to detect the hot flow temperature value of the hot flow output by the vortex tube; a cold flow temperature sensor is arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, and the cold flow temperature sensor is used to detect the cold flow temperature value of the cold flow output by the vortex tube; a stack temperature sensor is arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, and is used to detect the temperature value of the recovered hydrogen output by the stack; a hot flow flowmeter is arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, and the hot flow flowmeter is used to detect the hot flow flow rate of the hot flow output by the vortex tube; and a cold flow temperature sensor is arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, and the cold flow temperature sensor is used to detect the cold flow temperature value of the cold flow output by the vortex tube. A flow meter is arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, and a cold flow meter is used to detect the cold flow flow of the cold flow output by the vortex tube; a stack flow meter is arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, and is used to detect the recovered hydrogen flow output by the stack; the target cold flow flow is determined by the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow flow, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value; the target hot flow flow is determined by the product of the difference between the cold flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow flow, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow temperature value.

[0021] According to the above technical means, by setting up a hydrogen recovery branch, the hydrogen that has not fully reacted in the fuel cell stack can be recovered, so that the hydrogen that has not fully reacted is mixed with the cold end hydrogen and the hot end hydrogen in the mixing chamber and then enters the fuel cell stack again. On the one hand, the hydrogen can be fully utilized, and on the other hand, the safety hazards caused by hydrogen can be avoided. The temperature value of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack is related to the cold flow temperature value, the cold flow flow, the hot flow temperature value, the hot flow flow, the recovered hydrogen temperature value, and the recovered hydrogen flow. The target cold flow flow is determined according to the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow flow, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value. The target hot flow flow is determined according to the product of the difference between the cold flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow flow, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow temperature value. The opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve that can make the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack reach the target hydrogen temperature can be accurately determined.

[0022] Furthermore, the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell system also includes a heat exchange device and a cold flow branch control valve arranged between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the second input end of the mixing chamber; the heat exchange device includes an air-conditioning heat exchanger and a composite heat exchanger; the output end of the air-conditioning heat exchanger is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber; the first output end of the composite heat exchanger is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber; the cold flow branch control valve, the input end of the cold flow branch control valve is connected to the cold flow output end of the vortex tube, the first output end of the cold flow branch control valve is connected to the input end of the air-conditioning heat exchanger, and the second output end of the cold flow branch control valve is connected to the composite heat exchanger The first input end of the device is connected, and the cold flow branch control valve is used to control the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to be connected to the input end of the air-conditioning heat exchanger, or the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to be connected to the first input end of the composite heat exchanger; the controller is also configured to: obtain the ambient temperature of the battery stack; when the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, control the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to the input end of the air-conditioning heat exchanger; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, control the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to the first input end of the composite heat exchanger.

[0023] According to the above technical means, when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the refrigerant circuit in the air conditioning heat exchanger. Since the temperature of the cold end hydrogen is relatively low (usually up to about minus 30 degrees Celsius), it can provide cooling for the air conditioning system after heat exchange with the refrigerant circuit. When the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, it is usually not necessary to turn on the air conditioning system. For this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator.

[0024] Furthermore, the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell system also includes a hydrogen temperature sensor, which is arranged at the input end of the fuel cell stack and is used to detect the temperature value of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack; the controller is specifically configured to: obtain the current hydrogen temperature value through the hydrogen temperature sensor.

[0025] According to the above technical means, the current hydrogen temperature value is obtained by the hydrogen temperature sensor to facilitate the determination of whether the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0026] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack includes a cooling pipe, which is arranged in the fuel cell stack and is used to exchange heat with the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack; the output end of the cooling pipe is connected to the second input end of the composite heat exchanger, and the input end of the cooling pipe is connected to the second output end of the composite heat exchanger.

[0027] According to the above technical means, after the cooling tube exchanges heat in the fuel cell stack, it can exchange heat again through the composite heat exchanger to complete the heat transfer.

[0028] Furthermore, the above hydrogen fuel cell system also includes a radiator, the input end of the radiator is connected to the third output end of the composite heat exchanger, the output end of the radiator is connected to the third output end of the composite heat exchanger, and the radiator is used to exchange heat with the composite heat exchanger.

[0029] According to the above technical means, the cooling pipeline in the radiator exchanges heat with the outside air on the one hand, and exchanges heat with the cold end hydrogen flow path in the composite heat exchanger on the other hand, which can improve the heat exchange rate of the cooling pipeline.

[0030] In a second aspect, a control method for a hydrogen fuel cell system is provided, the method comprising:

[0031] Obtain the target temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and the current temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack;

[0032] Based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve are adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0033] Further, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve are adjusted, including: determining the target cold flow flow and the target hot flow flow based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value; adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow flow, and adjusting the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow flow.

[0034] Furthermore, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system also includes: obtaining the ambient temperature of the fuel cell stack; when the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, controlling the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air-conditioning heat exchanger; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, controlling the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the compound heat exchanger.

[0035] Furthermore, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system also includes: acquiring a current hydrogen temperature value through a hydrogen temperature sensor.

[0036] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the second aspect.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which includes computer instructions. When the computer instructions are controlled on a computer, the computer executes the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the second aspect and possible implementations.

[0038] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product can be directly loaded into a memory and contains software code. After being loaded and executed by a computer, the computer program product can implement the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the second aspect and possible implementation methods.

[0039] It should be noted that the above computer instructions may be stored in whole or in part on a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium may be packaged together with the processor of the controller, or may be packaged separately from the processor of the controller, which is not limited in this application.

[0040] Therefore, the above technical features of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) The embodiment of the present application accurately controls the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve that need to be adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and the current hydrogen temperature value entering the fuel cell stack is further adjusted by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve to reach the target temperature value, so as to achieve control of the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and avoid the life of the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the uncontrollable temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0042] (2) When the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, it is usually necessary to turn on the air conditioning system. For this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the refrigerant circuit in the air conditioning heat exchanger. Since the temperature of the cold end hydrogen is relatively low (usually up to about minus 30 degrees Celsius), it can provide cooling for the air conditioning system after heat exchange with the refrigerant circuit. When the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, it is usually not necessary to turn on the air conditioning system. For this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a controller provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0049] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0050] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of a control method for a hydrogen fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0054] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0055] As the background technology, a hydrogen fuel cell is a device that uses hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. As the global demand for renewable energy and clean energy continues to increase, hydrogen fuel cells are increasingly used in the automotive field. However, the temperature of hydrogen entering the battery stack is uncontrollable, which can easily affect the life of the battery. For example, when the temperature of hydrogen entering the battery stack is too low, the low-temperature hydrogen and the high-temperature hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump are easily condensed into water droplets, blocking the hydrogen flow channel of the battery stack, causing hydrogen starvation, and accelerating the attenuation of the battery. In the related art, the coolant of the battery stack is used to heat the hydrogen, but the heat exchange rate between hydrogen and coolant is slow and cannot respond quickly to the heating demand. Therefore, how to make the temperature of hydrogen entering the stack meet the use requirements is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0056] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application accurately controls the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve that need to be adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and the current hydrogen temperature value entering the fuel cell stack is further adjusted by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve to reach the target temperature value, so as to achieve the control of the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and avoid the life of the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the uncontrollable temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0057] For ease of understanding, the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application is specifically introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Shown is a structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 The hydrogen fuel cell system 1 includes: a hydrogen storage device 10, a fuel cell stack 20, a vortex tube 30, a mixing chamber 40, a hot flow valve 50, a cold flow valve 60 and a controller 70 (the controller 70 is Figure 1 ). Among them,

[0059] The hydrogen storage device 10 is used to store and provide hydrogen. Exemplarily, the hydrogen storage device 10 can be a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank that stores 35 MPa or 70 MPa high-pressure hydrogen.

[0060] The stack 20 is used to release electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. The stack 20 can be composed of a plurality of cells stacked in series, and each cell includes components such as a membrane electrode and a bipolar plate. When the stack 20 is working, hydrogen and oxygen are introduced from the input end respectively, and distributed to the bipolar plates of each cell through the main gas channel of the stack 20. The hydrogen and oxygen are evenly distributed to the electrodes under the guidance of the bipolar plates, and the electrochemical reaction is carried out through the electrode support and the catalyst. The electrical energy and heat energy generated by the electrochemical reaction are output through the stack 20.

[0061] The vortex tube 30 has an input end connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage device 10, a hot flow output end of the vortex tube 30 connected to a first output end of the mixing chamber 40, and a cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 connected to a second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The compressed hydrogen rotates at a high speed in the vortex tube 30 and is separated into cold end hydrogen and hot end hydrogen after vortex conversion.

[0062] A mixing chamber 40, a first input end of the mixing chamber 40 is connected to the hot flow output end of the vortex tube 30, a second input end of the mixing chamber 40 is connected to the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30, and an output end of the mixing chamber 40 is connected to the input end of the stack. The hot end hydrogen output from the hot flow output end of the vortex tube 30 and the cold flow hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 are mixed in the mixing chamber 40.

[0063] The heat flow valve 50 is disposed at the first input end of the mixing chamber 40 and is used to adjust the flow rate of the heat flow output by the vortex tube 30 .

[0064] The cold flow valve 60 is disposed at the second input end of the mixing chamber 40 and is used to adjust the flow rate of the cold flow output by the vortex tube 30 .

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the controller 70 is electrically connected to the vortex tube 30, the hot flow valve 50 and the cold flow valve 60. The controller 70 is used to generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and the timing signal to instruct the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 to execute the control instruction. For example, the controller 70 controls the opening of the hot flow valve 50 and the cold flow valve 60 according to the received instruction.

[0066] Exemplarily, the controller 70 may be a body domain control (BDC), a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The controller 70 may be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this.

[0067] In some embodiments, the controller 70 may be a microcontroller unit (MCU). MCU, also known as a single chip microcomputer or single chip microcomputer, is a computer that appropriately reduces the frequency and specifications of a central processing unit, and integrates peripheral interfaces such as memory, timer, USB, A / D conversion, UART, PLC, DMA, and even LCD driver circuits on a single chip to form a chip-level computer that performs different combination controls for different application scenarios.

[0068] In addition, the controller 70 can be used to control the operation of various components in the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 so that the various components of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 operate to achieve various predetermined functions of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 .

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in the present application may also include a hydrogen recovery branch 80, a hot flow temperature sensor 90, a cold flow temperature sensor 100, a stack temperature sensor 110, a hot flow flow meter 120, a cold flow flow meter 130, and a stack flow meter 140. Among them,

[0070] The input end of the hydrogen recovery branch 80 is connected to the output end of the stack 20, and the output end of the hydrogen recovery branch 80 is connected to the input end of the mixing chamber 40. The hydrogen recovery branch 80 is used to recycle the hydrogen that has not reacted in the stack 20 back into the stack 20. By setting up the hydrogen recovery branch, the hydrogen that has not fully reacted in the stack can be recovered, and the hydrogen that has not fully reacted can be mixed with the cold end hydrogen and the hot end hydrogen in the mixing chamber and then enter the stack again, which can make full use of the hydrogen on the one hand and avoid the safety hazards caused by the hydrogen on the other hand.

[0071] The heat flow temperature sensor 90 is disposed at the first input end of the mixing chamber 40 and is used to detect the heat flow temperature value of the heat flow output by the vortex tube.

[0072] The cold flow temperature sensor 100 is disposed at the second input end of the mixing chamber 40 , and is used to detect the cold flow temperature value of the cold flow output by the vortex tube.

[0073] The stack temperature sensor 110 is disposed on the hydrogen recovery branch 80 and is used to detect the temperature value of the recovered hydrogen output by the stack 20 .

[0074] The heat flow meter 120 is disposed at the first input end of the mixing chamber 40 , and is used to detect the heat flow rate of the heat flow output by the vortex tube 30 .

[0075] The cold flow flow meter 130 is disposed at the second input end of the mixing chamber 40 , and is used to detect the cold flow flow rate of the cold flow output by the vortex tube 30 .

[0076] The stack flow meter 140 is disposed on the hydrogen recovery branch 80 and is used to detect the flow rate of recovered hydrogen output by the stack 20 .

[0077] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in the present application may further include a heat exchange device and a cold flow branch control valve 160 arranged between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 and the second input end of the mixing chamber 40 .

[0078] The heat exchange device includes an air conditioning heat exchanger 151 and a composite heat exchanger 152. The input end of the cold flow branch control valve 160 is connected to the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30, and is used to control the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 to be connected to the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger 151, or the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 is connected to the first input end of the composite heat exchanger 152. The input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger 151 is connected to the first input end of the cold flow branch control valve 160, and the output end is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The air conditioning heat exchanger 151 is used to exchange heat with the cold end hydrogen in the cold flow branch, so that the heat in the cold end hydrogen is transferred to the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning heat exchanger 151 through heat exchange. The first input end of the compound heat exchanger 152 is connected to the second output end of the cold flow branch control valve 160, and the first output end is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The compound heat exchanger 152 is used to exchange heat with the cold end hydrogen in the cold flow branch, so that the heat in the cold end hydrogen is transferred to the heat dissipation system through heat exchange.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in the present application may further include a hydrogen temperature sensor 170 , which is disposed at the input end of the fuel cell stack 20 and is used to detect the temperature value of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 20 .

[0080] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, a cooling pipe 21 is provided in the fuel cell stack 20, and the coolant in the cooling pipe 21 exchanges heat with the hydrogen. The input end of the cooling pipe 21 is connected to the second output end of the composite heat exchanger 152, and the output end is connected to the second input end of the composite heat exchanger 152.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in the present application may further include a radiator 180, which achieves the purpose of rapid heat dissipation by exchanging heat with the composite heat exchanger 152. The input end of the radiator 180 is connected to the third output end of the composite heat exchanger 152, and the output end of the radiator 180 is connected to the third output end of the composite heat exchanger 152.

[0082] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in the present application may further include a pressure reducing valve, which is arranged between the output end of the hydrogen storage device 10 and the input end of the vortex tube 30, and is used to adjust the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 10 so that the pressure of the hydrogen entering the vortex tube 30 can be controlled.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present application, a vehicle is also provided, including a vehicle body, in which the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell system is arranged.

[0084] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitution or change made by a person skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0085] The control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the specification.

[0086] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an exemplary control method of a hydrogen fuel cell system. Figure 8 As shown, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0087] S10. The controller obtains a target temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and a current temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0088] As a possible implementation method, the hydrogen fuel cell system stores the correspondence between various parameters (such as battery temperature, battery charge and discharge rate, etc.) and the target hydrogen temperature value, and determines the target hydrogen temperature value entering the fuel cell stack corresponding to the various parameters of the current hydrogen fuel cell system based on the correspondence.

[0089] As another possible implementation method, the cloud server stores the correspondence between various parameters (such as battery temperature, battery charge and discharge rate, etc.) and the target hydrogen temperature value, and determines the target hydrogen temperature value entering the fuel cell stack corresponding to the various parameters of the current hydrogen fuel cell system based on the correspondence.

[0090] As a possible implementation manner, the current hydrogen temperature value of the fuel cell stack can be detected by a hydrogen temperature sensor.

[0091] S20. The controller adjusts the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0092] Optionally, when the absolute value of the difference between the current hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value is less than a preset difference, it is determined that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value. For example, when the current hydrogen temperature value is 2 degrees Celsius lower than the target hydrogen temperature value, it can be considered that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value; or when the current hydrogen temperature value is 2 degrees Celsius higher than the target hydrogen temperature value, it can be considered that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0093] Figure 8 The embodiment shown brings at least the following beneficial effects: The embodiment of the present application accurately controls the temperature of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve that need to be adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and further by adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve, the current hydrogen temperature value entering the fuel cell stack reaches the target temperature value, so as to achieve the control of the hydrogen temperature entering the fuel cell stack and avoid the life of the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the uncontrollable temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0094] As a possible implementation, the above step S20 can be implemented as the following steps S21-S22:

[0095] S21. The controller determines a target cold flow rate and a target hot flow rate based on a target hydrogen temperature value and a current hydrogen temperature value.

[0096] Optionally, the target cold flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value.

[0097] Exemplarily, the target cold flow rate can be obtained by the following formula:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, m1 is the target cold flow rate, m2 is the hot flow rate, m3 is the recovered hydrogen flow rate, t is the target hydrogen temperature value, t1 is the cold flow temperature value, t2 is the hot flow temperature value, and t3 is the recovered hydrogen temperature value.

[0100] Optionally, the target hot flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the cold flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow temperature value.

[0101] For example, the target heat flow rate can be obtained by the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, m1 is the target cold flow rate, m2 is the hot flow rate, m3 is the recovered hydrogen flow rate, t is the target hydrogen temperature value, t1 is the cold flow temperature value, t2 is the hot flow temperature value, and t3 is the recovered hydrogen temperature value.

[0104] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack is related to the cold flow temperature value, the cold flow flow, the hot flow temperature value, the hot flow flow, the recovered hydrogen temperature value, and the recovered hydrogen flow. For this, the target cold flow flow is determined according to the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow flow, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value. The target hot flow flow is determined according to the product of the difference between the cold flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow flow, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow temperature value. The opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve that can make the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack reach the target hydrogen temperature can be accurately determined.

[0105] S22: The controller adjusts the opening of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow flow rate, and adjusts the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow flow rate.

[0106] As a possible implementation method, the correspondence between the opening of the cold flow valve / hot flow valve and the flow rate is determined according to the flow characteristic curve of the cold flow valve / hot flow valve, and the opening of the cold flow valve corresponding to the target cold flow flow rate is determined according to the correspondence, and the opening of the hot flow valve corresponding to the target hot flow flow rate is determined according to the correspondence.

[0107] As another possible implementation method, the cold flow rate and hot flow rate of the vortex tube under different openings and different pressures are obtained through experiments and simulations, so as to establish a corresponding relationship between the cold flow rate and the cold flow valve opening, and a corresponding relationship between the hot flow rate and the hot flow valve opening. The opening of the cold flow valve corresponding to the target cold flow rate is determined according to the corresponding relationship, and the opening of the hot flow valve corresponding to the target hot flow rate is determined according to the corresponding relationship.

[0108] Since the cold flow rate is determined by the opening of the cold flow valve and the hot flow rate is determined by the opening of the hot flow valve, adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow rate and adjusting the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow rate can adjust the cold flow rate and the hot flow rate, thereby adjusting the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0109] In some embodiments, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the present application may also include the following steps: the controller obtains the ambient temperature of the fuel cell stack; when the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the controller controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air-conditioning heat exchanger; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the controller controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the compound heat exchanger.

[0110] The preset temperature threshold may be a temperature threshold for starting the air conditioning system, and the preset temperature threshold may be set at the factory or by the user during use.

[0111] It can be seen from the above embodiments that when the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, it is usually necessary to turn on the air conditioning system. For this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the refrigerant circuit in the air conditioning heat exchanger. Since the temperature of the cold end hydrogen is relatively low (usually up to about minus 30 degrees Celsius), it can provide cooling for the air conditioning system after heat exchange with the refrigerant circuit. When the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, it is usually not necessary to turn on the air conditioning system. For this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator.

[0112] The present application also provides a vehicle, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any one of the hydrogen fuel cell control methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0113] like Fig. 9As shown, the vehicle includes a processor 901, and optionally, a memory 902 and a communication interface 903 connected to the processor 901. The processor 901, the memory 902 and the communication interface 903 are connected via a bus 904.

[0114] The processor 901 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 901 may also be any other device having a processing function, such as a circuit, a device, or a software module. The processor 901 may also include multiple CPUs, and the processor 901 may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0115] The memory 902 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer, and the present application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. The memory 902 may exist independently or be integrated with the processor 901. Among them, the memory 902 may contain a computer program code. The processor 901 is used to execute the computer program code stored in the memory 902, so as to realize the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell provided in the present application embodiment.

[0116] The communication interface 903 can be used to communicate with other devices or communication networks (such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. The communication interface 903 can be a module, a circuit, a transceiver or any device capable of achieving communication.

[0117] The bus 904 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The bus 904 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig. 9 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0118] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer execution instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any one of the hydrogen fuel cell control methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0119] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product including computer executable instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any one of the hydrogen fuel cell control methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0120] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer-executable instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer-executable instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more servers that can be integrated with the medium. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0121] Although the present application is described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0122] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen storage device for providing hydrogen; A battery stack, which is used to release electrical energy through electrochemical reactions; A vortex tube, wherein the input end of the vortex tube is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage device, the hot flow output end of the vortex tube is connected to the first input end of the mixing chamber, and the cold flow output end of the vortex tube is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber; A mixing chamber, wherein an output end of the mixing chamber is connected to an input end of the fuel cell stack; A heat flow valve, arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the heat flow valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the heat flow output by the vortex tube; A cold flow valve, arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold flow valve being used to adjust the flow rate of the cold flow output by the vortex tube; The controller is configured as: Acquiring a target temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and a current temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack; Based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve are adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller performs the step of adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, and is specifically configured as follows: Determining a target cold flow rate and a target hot flow rate based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value; The opening of the cold flow valve is adjusted based on the target cold flow flow rate, and the opening of the hot flow valve is adjusted based on the target hot flow flow rate.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a hydrogen recovery branch, the input end of the hydrogen recovery branch is connected to the output end of the fuel cell stack, and the output end of the hydrogen recovery branch is connected to the input end of the mixing chamber; A heat flow temperature sensor is arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, and the heat flow temperature sensor is used to detect the heat flow temperature value of the heat flow output by the vortex tube; A cold flow temperature sensor is arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, and is used to detect the cold flow temperature value of the cold flow output by the vortex tube; A stack temperature sensor is provided on the hydrogen recovery branch and is used to detect the temperature value of the recovered hydrogen output by the stack; A heat flow meter, disposed at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the heat flow meter is used to detect the heat flow rate of the heat flow output by the vortex tube; A cold flow flow meter, arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold flow flow meter is used to detect the cold flow flow of the cold flow output by the vortex tube; A stack flow meter, arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, for detecting the flow rate of recovered hydrogen output by the stack; The target cold flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value; The target heat flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the cold flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the heat flow temperature value.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchange device and a cold flow branch control valve disposed between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the second input end of the mixing chamber; The heat exchange device includes an air conditioning heat exchanger and a composite heat exchanger; the output end of the air conditioning heat exchanger is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber; the first output end of the composite heat exchanger is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber; A cold flow branch control valve, wherein the input end of the cold flow branch control valve is connected to the cold flow output end of the vortex tube, the first output end of the cold flow branch control valve is connected to the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger, the second output end of the cold flow branch control valve is connected to the first input end of the compound heat exchanger, and the cold flow branch control valve is used to control the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to be connected to the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger, or the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to be connected to the first input end of the compound heat exchanger; The controller is also configured to: Obtaining the ambient temperature of the battery stack; When the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the cold flow branch control valve is controlled to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube with the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger; When the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the cold flow branch control valve is controlled to connect the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to the first input end of the compound heat exchanger.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a hydrogen temperature sensor, which is arranged at the input end of the fuel cell stack and is used to detect the temperature value of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack; The controller is specifically configured as follows: The current hydrogen temperature value is obtained through the hydrogen temperature sensor.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack includes a cooling pipe, which is arranged in the fuel cell stack and is used to exchange heat with hydrogen in the fuel cell stack; the output end of the cooling pipe is connected to the second input end of the composite heat exchanger, and the input end of the cooling pipe is connected to the second output end of the composite heat exchanger.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a radiator, the input end of the radiator is connected to the third output end of the compound heat exchanger, the output end of the radiator is connected to the third output end of the compound heat exchanger, and the radiator is used to exchange heat with the compound heat exchanger.

8. A method for controlling a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining a target temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and a current temperature value of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack; Based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening of the cold flow valve and the opening of the hot flow valve are adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value.

9. A means of transport, characterized in that: The system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 8 .

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