Flexible reconstructed battery cluster, flexible reconstructed battery array and flexible reconstructed battery energy storage system

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible reconstructed battery cluster, a flexible reconstructed battery array and a flexible reconstructed battery energy storage system. The flexible reconfiguration battery cluster comprises a plurality of flexible reconfiguration battery modules which are connected in series, each flexible reconfiguration battery module comprises a power module and a battery pack which are connected in parallel, and a switch is connected between the input end and the output end of each flexible reconfiguration battery module in parallel. By adopting the flexible reconfiguration battery cluster, flexible reconfiguration can be realized, the problem of inconsistency of the charge states of the battery packs can be avoided, the energy utilization rate is improved, the risk is reduced, the energy loss is reduced, and the conversion efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a flexible reconfigurable battery cluster, a flexible reconfigurable battery array, and a flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of green and low-carbon energy transformation, energy storage has become increasingly critical as an important technology and basic equipment for building new power systems. In terms of integrated topology technology of battery energy storage systems, lithium battery energy storage systems have typical electrical topologies such as centralized, distributed, and string, and have shown a trend of large-scale application.

[0003] However, existing energy storage integration solutions mostly adopt a fixed series-parallel battery system topology and cluster-level coarse-grained energy management method. As the number of battery pack cycles increases, many problems such as series capacity mismatch will occur, facing risks such as low energy utilization; battery DC side fine-grained control energy storage solutions, medium- and high-voltage and low-voltage grid-connected cascade energy storage solutions based on modular multi-level conversion technology, etc. also have different problems such as system energy conversion efficiency loss, high cost, and inflexible capacity configuration. In addition, existing technologies are mostly based on multi-stage power electronic switch conversion, which may lead to reduced energy conversion efficiency of energy storage systems, increased costs, and poor economic efficiency of short-term overload capacity actively supported by the power grid. New technical solutions are urgently needed to improve these shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a flexible reconfigurable battery cluster, a flexible reconfigurable battery array and a flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a flexible reconstructible battery cluster, which includes a plurality of flexible reconstructible battery modules connected in series, each of which includes a power module and a battery pack connected in parallel, and a switch is connected in parallel between the input and output ends of each flexible reconstructible battery module.

[0006] In one embodiment, the power module is a full-bridge power module or a half-bridge power module.

[0007] In one embodiment, each power switch in the full-bridge power module and the half-bridge power module includes a plurality of transistors connected in parallel, and the transistors include at least one of power field effect transistors and insulated gate transistors.

[0008] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a flexible reconfigurable battery array, the flexible reconfigurable battery array comprising:

[0010] A plurality of battery branches are connected in parallel, and a cluster filter inductor and a flexible reconfigurable battery cluster as in the above embodiment are sequentially connected in series between the input end and the output end of each battery branch.

[0011] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system comprising:

[0012] A three-phase energy storage branch, wherein an array filter inductor and a flexible reconfigurable battery array as in the above implementation are sequentially connected in series between the input end and the output end of each phase energy storage branch;

[0013] The three-phase energy storage branch adopts a star connection method, or the three-phase energy storage branch adopts a delta connection method.

[0014] In one embodiment, the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system further includes:

[0015] The controller is connected to the power module. The controller is used to control the working state of the power module to control the level signal output by the flexible reconstructible battery, and when a power module of the flexible reconstructible battery module fails, the controller closes the switch connected in parallel with the failed flexible reconstructible battery module.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the controller is used to control the flexible reconfigurable battery modules in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster that cannot support the output of the expected AC signal to be in an open circuit state.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, when the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster is capable of supporting the output of the desired AC signal, the controller is used to adjust the modulation signal output to each power module of the flexible reconfigurable battery module with normal communication according to the number of flexible reconfigurable battery modules with normal communication, so that the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster can output the desired AC signal.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the controller is used to change the modulation signal of the power module output to each flexible reconstructible battery module when there is a charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructible battery module in the flexible reconstructible battery cluster and the charge state deviation is greater than a preset threshold value, so that the charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructible battery module in the flexible reconstructible battery cluster is less than the preset threshold value.

[0019] The above-mentioned flexible reconfigurable battery cluster, flexible reconfigurable battery array and flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] A flexible reconfigurable battery cluster consists of several flexible reconfigurable battery modules connected in series, each module contains a power module and a battery pack connected in parallel and a switch is connected in parallel between the input and output ends of the module. Based on this structure, flexible reconstruction can be achieved. It can dynamically adjust the connection mode according to the actual state of the battery pack to avoid problems such as series capacity mismatch caused by inconsistent charge state of the battery pack, improve energy utilization and reduce the risk of overcharging and over-discharging, and reduce the energy loss caused by multi-stage power electronic switch conversion through modular and flexible reconfigurable design, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. It can also rely on flexible combination and switch control between modules to flexibly adjust capacity configuration according to different energy storage requirements on the grid side and the power supply side, realize refined management, overcome the shortcomings of existing solutions in capacity configuration and refined management, and better meet the needs of large-scale regulation of energy storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible reconfigurable battery cluster in one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2a It is a structural schematic diagram of a full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2b It is a structural schematic diagram of a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3a A schematic diagram of the structure of a full-bridge conversion flexible reconfigurable battery cluster in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3b A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery cluster in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4a A schematic diagram of the structure of a full-bridge transformation type flexible reconfigurable battery array in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4b A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery array in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5a A schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system based on star connection in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5bSchematic diagram of the structure of a flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system based on a triangle connection in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0033] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0034] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0035] It can be understood that “at least one” means one or more, “plurality” means two or more, and “at least a portion of an element” means a part or all of an element.

[0036] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0037] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a flexible reconstructible battery cluster 2, which includes a plurality of flexible reconstructible battery modules 22 connected in series, each flexible reconstructible battery module 22 includes a power module 222 and a battery pack 224 connected in parallel, and a switch S is connected in parallel between the input end and the output end of each flexible reconstructible battery module 22.

[0038] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 includes a plurality of flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 connected in series, each of which includes a power module 222 and a battery pack 224 connected in parallel, and a switch S is connected in parallel between the input and output ends of each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22. The power module 222 may refer to a functional unit with a specific power processing capability. Specifically, on the one hand, the power module 222 is an execution unit for implementing power regulation within the cluster. Based on the synergy of each power module 222 within the cluster, the DC power output by the battery pack 224 can be converted into AC and DC, thereby meeting the power and power quality requirements of subsequent different equipment and links; on the other hand, during the flexible reconstruction process of the entire flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2, the power module 222 can cooperate with the on and off of the switch S to cooperate with the battery pack 224 to achieve different connection combinations, thereby helping to optimize the energy management of the entire battery cluster, improve the energy conversion efficiency, etc., and help the entire energy storage system to operate more stably, efficiently and flexibly, so that it can better adapt to a variety of application scenarios and deal with various situations such as the inconsistency of the charge state of the battery pack 224.

[0039] For example, the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 of the present application includes a plurality of flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 connected in series, each of which includes a power module 222 and a battery pack 224 connected in parallel, and a switch S is connected in parallel between the input and output ends of each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22. Based on this structure, the battery cluster can be flexibly reconfigured. By controlling the on-off status of the switch S corresponding to each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22, the connection mode between each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual state of the battery pack 224, thereby avoiding problems such as series capacity mismatch caused by the inconsistency of the charge state of the battery pack 224 under the fixed series-parallel mode, and realizing more reasonable management of the battery pack 224, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing the risks of overcharging and over-discharging. Secondly, through the above modular and flexibly reconfigurable design, the working state of the battery module can be controlled more accurately. Compared with the numerous losses caused by multi-stage complex power electronic switch conversion, the method of connecting a switch S in parallel to each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 can reduce unnecessary energy loss links and improve energy conversion efficiency. In addition, the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 of this embodiment relies on the flexible combination of modules and the switch S control, and can flexibly adjust the capacity configuration of the battery cluster according to the different energy storage requirements of the actual grid side and the power supply side, so as to achieve more refined management, overcome the shortcomings of the existing solutions in terms of inflexible capacity configuration and refined management, and better meet the needs of large-scale regulation of energy storage in different application scenarios.

[0040] The above-mentioned flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 is composed of a number of flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 connected in series, each of which contains a power module 222 and a battery pack 224 connected in parallel, and a switch is connected in parallel between the input and output ends of each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22. Based on this structure, flexible reconstruction can be achieved, which can dynamically adjust the connection mode according to the actual state of the battery pack 224 to avoid problems such as series capacity mismatch caused by the inconsistency of the charge state of the battery pack 224, improve energy utilization and reduce the risk of overcharging and over-discharging, and reduce the energy loss caused by multi-stage power electronic switch conversion through a modular and flexibly reconfigurable design, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. It can also rely on flexible combination and switch control between modules to flexibly adjust capacity configuration according to different energy storage requirements on the grid side and the power supply side, realize refined management, overcome the shortcomings of existing solutions in capacity configuration and refined management, and better meet the needs of large-scale regulation of energy storage.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, the power module 222 is a full-bridge power module 222a or a half-bridge power module 222b.

[0042] When the power module 222 is a full-bridge power module 222a, the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 is a full-bridge conversion flexible reconfigurable battery module 22a. Figure 2a As shown, the full-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22a includes a battery pack 224 and a full-bridge power module 222a. Among them, the full-bridge power module 222a includes a power switch group S1-S4, ports 2a and 2b are the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack 224, which are respectively connected to the DC side positive and negative ports of the full-bridge power module 222a, and ports 1a and 1b are the input and output ports of the full-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22a, which are respectively connected to the AC side input and output ports of the full-bridge power module 222a. Figure 2a In the full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module 22a shown in FIG. 1 , the voltage of the battery pack 224 is +U dc The power switch group has five working states: (1) the power switch groups S1 and S4 are turned on, S2 and S3 are turned off, the battery pack 224 is positively input, and the input and output port voltage drops of the full-bridge conversion flexible reconstruction battery module 22a are +U dc ; (2) The power switch groups S1 and S4 are disconnected, S2 and S3 are turned on, the battery pack 224 is reversed, and the input and output port voltage drops of the full-bridge conversion flexible reconstruction battery module 22a are -U dc; (3) The power switch groups S1 and S3 are turned on, S2 and S4 are turned off, and the voltage drop at the input and output ports of the full-bridge transformation type flexible reconstruction battery module 22a is 0; (4) The power switch groups S1 and S3 are turned off, S2 and S4 are turned on, and the voltage drop at the input and output ports of the full-bridge transformation type flexible reconstruction battery module 22a is 0; (5) The power switch groups S1, S2, S3, and S4 are all turned off, and the input and output ports of the full-bridge transformation type flexible reconstruction battery module 22a are open.

[0043] When the power module 222 is a half-bridge power module 222b, the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 is a half-bridge conversion flexible reconfigurable battery module 22b. Figure 2b As shown, the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22b includes a battery pack 224 and a half-bridge power module 222b. The half-bridge power module 222b includes a power switch group S1-S2, ports 2a and 2b are the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack 224, respectively connected to the DC side positive and negative ports of the half-bridge power module 222b, and ports 1a and 1b are the input and output ports of the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22, respectively connected to the AC side input and output ports of the half-bridge conversion type half-bridge power module 222b. Figure 2b In the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module 22b shown in FIG. 1 , the voltage of the battery pack 224 is +U dc The power switch group has three working states: (1) the power switch group S1 is turned on, S2 is turned off, the battery pack 224 is positively input, and the input and output port voltage drops of the half-bridge conversion flexible reconstruction battery module 22b are +U dc ; (2) The power switch group S1 is disconnected and S2 is turned on, and the voltage drop at the input and output ports of the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22b is 0; (3) Both the power switch groups S1 and S2 are disconnected, and the input and output ports of the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22b are open.

[0044] When the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 is a full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module 22a, the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 based on the full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module 22a is as follows: Figure 3a The full-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2A shown in the figure; when the flexible reconstruction battery module 22 is a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22b, the flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2 based on the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22b is as follows Figure 3b The flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2B shown in the figure is a full-bridge conversion type. By controlling the on / off state of the power switch group in the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22, the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 can output a multi-level signal. Figure 3a The full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module 22a shown in the figure can output 2N+1 level signals. Figure 3b The half-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery module 22b shown in the figure can output N+1 level signals in the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2B.

[0045] In this embodiment, the power module 222 is set as a full-bridge power module 222a or a half-bridge power module 222b, and a full-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22a or a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery module 22b is correspondingly formed. Different types of power modules 222 are matched with corresponding battery packs 224, and have their own clear connection methods and multiple working states, which can realize flexible control of the input direction of the battery pack 224, the voltage drop of the module input and output ports, etc. On this basis, the flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2 composed of different types of modules can output different numbers of level signals by controlling the on and off states of the power switch group according to the type of the module used, such as the full-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2A can output 2N+1 level signals, and the half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2B can output N+1 level signals, which provides a strong guarantee for the diversity and accuracy of the power output of the entire energy storage system and the adaptation to different electrical equipment and application scenarios, and helps to improve the overall performance and flexibility of the energy storage system.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, each power switch in the full-bridge power module 222 a and the half-bridge power module 222 b includes a plurality of transistors connected in parallel, and the transistors include at least one of a power field effect transistor and an insulated gate transistor.

[0047] In this embodiment, each power switch in the full-bridge power module 222a and the half-bridge power module 222b is composed of multiple parallel transistors, and the transistors include at least one of power field effect transistors and insulated gate transistors. On the one hand, multiple transistors in parallel can effectively share the current, reduce the current pressure borne by a single transistor, improve the ability of the power switch to cope with large current conditions, and enhance its working stability and reliability; on the other hand, by selecting transistors with excellent performance such as power field effect transistors and insulated gate transistors, their respective advantages such as fast switching speed and low on-resistance can be used to further optimize the power processing performance of the power module 222, better realize the regulation and conversion of electric energy, and help the entire flexible reconstructible battery cluster 2 and even the energy storage system to operate efficiently and stably.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, the battery pack 224 includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series.

[0049] In this embodiment, by connecting battery cells in series, the total voltage of the battery pack 224 can be flexibly increased according to actual needs, so that it can better adapt to the different working conditions of the power module 222 and the corresponding voltage level requirements of the entire flexible reconstructed battery module 22 and the battery cluster. At the same time, this structure composed of multiple cells connected in series facilitates more accurate detection and control when the performance of individual cells changes, etc., which helps to ensure the stability of the overall performance of the battery pack 224 and the reliability of power output, thereby laying a good foundation for the stable and efficient operation of the entire energy storage system.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 4a and 4b As shown, the present application also provides a flexible reconfigurable battery array 6, which includes a plurality of parallel battery branches. A cluster filter inductor 4 and a flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 as in the above embodiment are sequentially connected in series between the input and output ends of each battery branch.

[0051] The cluster filter inductor 4 is mainly used to filter the current passing through it, and can filter out some high-frequency clutter components in the current, so that the current flowing into or out of the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 and the entire battery branch is smoother and more stable, and the clutter in the current is prevented from interfering with the normal operation of each module, battery pack 224, etc. in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of electric energy in the battery branch. When the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 is a full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2A, the flexible reconfigurable battery array 6 is a full-bridge conversion type flexible reconfigurable battery array, such as Figure 4a When the flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2 is a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery cluster 2B, the flexible reconstruction battery array 6 is a half-bridge conversion type flexible reconstruction battery array, such as Figure 4b shown.

[0052] Exemplarily, based on the above-mentioned flexible reconfigurable battery array 6, strategies such as nearest level modulation, carrier stacking modulation, and carrier phase shift modulation can be used to form modulation signals for each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22, so that the flexible reconfigurable battery array 6 outputs the desired single-phase AC sine wave.

[0053] In this embodiment, in the flexible reconfigurable battery array 6, a cluster filter inductor 4 is provided between the input and output ends of each battery branch, which can effectively filter out high-frequency clutter in the current, making the current flowing into or out of the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 and the entire battery branch smoother and more stable, thereby ensuring the normal operation of each module and battery pack 224 in the battery cluster and the quality of power transmission. At the same time, according to whether the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 is a full-bridge conversion type or a half-bridge conversion type to form a corresponding battery array, a variety of strategies such as the nearest level modulation can also be used to form a modulation signal, so that the battery array can output the desired single-phase AC sine wave, which greatly improves the quality and stability of the power output of the entire energy storage system, enhances its ability to adapt to different power usage scenarios, and helps the energy storage system to operate more efficiently and reliably.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, the present application also provides a flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, which includes a three-phase energy storage branch. An array filter inductor 8 and a flexible reconfigurable battery array 6 as in the above embodiment are sequentially connected in series between the input end and the output end of each phase energy storage branch; the three-phase energy storage branch adopts a star connection mode, or the three-phase energy storage branch adopts a delta connection mode.

[0055] Among them, the array filter inductor 8 is used to filter the current passing through here. When the current flows through the array filter inductor 8, it can suppress the high-frequency interference components and some fluctuation changes in the current by virtue of its own inductance characteristics, so that the current flowing into the flexible reconstructed battery array 6 behind and the current flowing out of the battery array are smoother and more stable, reducing the adverse effects of current fluctuations and clutter on the entire battery array and subsequent power output, thereby ensuring the quality of power transmission and operational stability of the entire three-phase energy storage branch and even the entire flexible reconstructed battery energy storage system, so that electric energy can participate in the system's energy storage and subsequent energy supply processes in a better quality and stable state.

[0056] For example, Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, Figure 5a Schematic diagram of the topology of the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system based on star connection, in which three flexible reconfigurable battery arrays 6 are used in the star connection scheme to respectively establish the phase voltages of phase A, phase B, and phase C to the neutral point N; Figure 5b The topology diagram of the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system based on the triangle connection is shown in FIG. 3 , wherein three flexible reconfigurable battery arrays 6 are used in the triangle scheme to respectively establish the line voltages of phase A to phase B, phase B to phase C, and phase C to phase A. Based on the above connection relationship, the three flexible reconfigurable battery arrays 6 respectively output AC voltages with a phase angle difference of 120°.

[0057] The above-mentioned flexible reconstructible battery energy storage system, through the three-phase energy storage branch set up, connects the array filter inductor 8 and the flexible reconstructible battery array 6 in series between its input and output ends. The array filter inductor 8 can ensure the smoothness and stability of the current by filtering, reduce the adverse effects of clutter on the battery array and subsequent power output links, and ensure the quality of power transmission and the stability of system operation. The three-phase energy storage branch using a star or triangle connection can use the three flexible reconstructible battery arrays 6 to respectively construct phase voltage or line voltage through the corresponding connection scheme, and output AC voltage with a phase angle difference of 120°. This not only makes the power output form more in line with the diverse power demand and grid access requirements, but also enhances the adaptability, stability and rationality of power output of the entire energy storage system in different application scenarios, and effectively guarantees the efficient and reliable operation of the energy storage system.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system further includes a controller. The controller is connected to the power module 222, and is used to control the working state of the power module 222 to control the level signal output by the flexible reconfigurable battery, and when the power module 222 of the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 fails, the controller closes the switch connected in parallel with the failed flexible reconfigurable battery module 22.

[0059] Exemplarily, in the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, the controller mainly controls the working state of the power module 222 to control the level signal output by the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22. When an irrecoverable fault such as damage to the power switch group occurs in the power module 222 of a flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 during operation, it is no longer possible to eliminate the fault by controlling the working state of the power module 222 of the faulty flexible reconfigurable battery module 22. At this time, once the controller detects that the power module 222 of a flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 has failed, the controller will find the switch S (such as a hard bypass switch, etc.) connected in parallel with the faulty flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 according to the preset program and instructions, and then send a closed control signal to the switch to close the switch S, so as to isolate the faulty flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 from the normal operating loop of the entire system, so as to prevent the faulty flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 from affecting other normal flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 and the operation of the entire system. Afterwards, the controller can also adjust the modulation signal output to each power module 222 accordingly based on the number of other normal flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 in the same cluster, so as to maintain the normal operation of the entire flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system and ensure that the system can continuously and stably perform related functions such as energy storage.

[0060] In this embodiment, by setting a controller connected to the power module 222 in the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, when the power module 222 of the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 has an irreversible fault such as damage to the power switch group, the controller can quickly find and close the switch connected in parallel with it according to the preset program and instructions, isolate the faulty module from the normal operating loop, and effectively prevent the faulty module from interfering with other normal modules and the operation of the entire system. It can also make corresponding adjustments to the modulation signal based on the number of remaining normal modules in the same cluster, ensuring that the entire energy storage system can maintain normal operation continuously and stably, fully ensuring the reliability and stability of the energy storage system when facing the failure of the power module 222 in the module, and the normal performance of the energy storage function, thereby enhancing the system's ability to cope with fault conditions.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is used to control the flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 that cannot support outputting the expected AC signal to be in an open circuit state.

[0062] For example, during the operation of the flexible reconstructible battery energy storage system, the system expects to output an AC sine wave that meets the requirements to meet the corresponding power demand or adapt to grid access and other situations. The controller will monitor the number of normal flexible reconstructible battery modules 22 in each flexible reconstructible battery cluster 2 in real time. When it is found that the number of normal flexible reconstructible battery modules 22 in one or some flexible reconstructible battery clusters 2 is reduced and is no longer sufficient to support the expected AC sine wave output of the entire cluster, the controller will accurately identify these flexible reconstructible battery clusters 2 that cannot support the output of the expected AC signal based on the preset judgment logic. For these identified flexible reconstructible battery clusters 2, the controller will send corresponding control signals to each flexible reconstructible battery module 22 in the cluster according to the established procedures and control instructions, so that the working state of the power switch group in these flexible reconstructible battery modules 22 is adjusted to make the input and output ports of the module in an open circuit state. Through such unified control operations, the flexible reconfigurable battery clusters 2 that cannot achieve the expected AC signal output due to insufficient number of normal modules are placed in an open circuit state as a whole, thereby enabling the cluster to withdraw from the operation loop of the entire system to avoid adverse effects on the system power output. At the same time, the remaining normal flexible reconfigurable battery clusters 2 are guaranteed to maintain normal operation, thereby maintaining the relatively stable and reliable continuous operation of the entire flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system and ensuring the normal realization of related functions such as energy storage and power output.

[0063] In this embodiment, in the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, the controller accurately monitors and identifies the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 that cannot support the output of the expected AC signal. When it is difficult to output the expected AC sine wave due to insufficient number of normal modules, the controller can send a control signal to each module in the corresponding battery cluster according to a predetermined procedure to put it in an open circuit state, so that these battery clusters that do not meet the requirements are shut down to avoid adverse effects on the system power output, which not only ensures that the remaining normal battery clusters maintain normal operation, but also ensures that the entire energy storage system can continue to operate stably and reliably, effectively maintaining the normal realization of functions such as energy storage and power output.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, when the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 is capable of supporting the output of the desired AC signal, the controller is used to adjust the modulation signal output to each power module 222 of the flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 with normal communication according to the number of flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 with normal communication, so that the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 can output the desired AC signal.

[0065] Exemplarily, when the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system is running, the system has the need to output the expected AC signal (such as an AC sine wave that meets the requirements) to meet the needs of electricity consumption and grid access. The controller will monitor the situation in each flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 in real time, pay attention to the communication status of each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 and whether the entire flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 can support the output of the expected AC signal. When it is determined that a certain flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 can support the output of the expected AC signal, it means that the number of normal and normally communicating flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 in the cluster is the number of modules required to meet its normal operation. The controller will count the number of flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 with normal communication in the cluster, and then, based on the preset algorithm and related control strategies, and based on the number of modules with normal communication, specifically adjust the modulation signals of each power module 222 output to these normally communicating flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22. For example, if some of the flexible reconstructed battery modules 22 have recoverable faults such as short-term communication anomalies, under the above prerequisites, the controller will lock the working state of the power switch group of the faulty flexible reconstructed battery module 22 according to the established rules, so that the voltage drop of its input and output ports is 0, that is, to achieve soft bypass of the faulty battery module, and at the same time adjust the modulation signal based on the number of modules with normal communication, so that the entire flexible reconstructed battery cluster 2 can still output the expected AC signal to ensure the normal operation of the system. When the controller subsequently detects that the previously faulty flexible reconstructed battery module 22 has resumed normal communication, it will unlock the working state of the power switch group of the original faulty flexible reconstructed battery module 22 according to the corresponding procedure, and restore it to the normal modulation signal, so that the entire flexible reconstructed battery cluster 2 is restored to the normal working state of all modules, and continue to stably output the expected AC signal, ensuring that the entire flexible reconstructed battery energy storage system operates continuously and reliably, and meets the relevant functional requirements such as power output and energy storage.

[0066] In this embodiment, the controller flexibly adjusts the modulation signal output to the corresponding power module 222 according to whether the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 can support the output of the expected AC signal and the number of flexible reconfigurable battery modules 22 with normal communication. When a recoverable fault such as short-term communication abnormality of some modules occurs, the faulty module can be soft-bypassed and the signal can be adjusted based on the number of remaining normal modules to ensure that the battery cluster continues to output the expected AC signal. After the fault is restored, it can be unlocked and restored to normal working state. In this way, it is ensured that the entire flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system can still operate stably when a temporary fault occurs in the module, maintaining the power output and energy storage functions unaffected, and enhancing the system's adaptive ability to deal with such recoverable faults, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the overall operation of the system.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is used to change the modulation signal of the power module 222 output to each flexible reconstructed battery module 22 when there is a charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructed battery module 22 in the flexible reconstructed battery cluster 2 and the charge state deviation is greater than a preset threshold, so that the charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructed battery module 22 in the flexible reconstructed battery cluster 2 is less than the preset threshold.

[0068] Exemplarily, during the operation of the flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, the controller will continuously monitor the state of charge of each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2. The controller will compare and analyze the state of charge between each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2 in real time, determine the state of charge deviation between them, and compare this deviation value with the preset threshold. When it is found that there is a state of charge deviation between each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster 2, and this deviation is greater than the preset threshold, it means that the degree of imbalance of the state of charge between the modules has reached the degree that needs to be regulated. The controller will change the modulation signal output to its power module 222 for each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 in the cluster according to the preset control logic. Specifically, by adjusting the modulation signals of different modules in a targeted manner, the charging and discharging time of each flexible reconfigurable battery module 22 is changed. For example, for modules with a higher state of charge, their charging time is appropriately reduced and their discharging time is increased; while for modules with a lower state of charge, their charging time is increased and their discharging time is reduced. By finely changing the modulation signal of the power module 222 of each module and gradually adjusting the charge state of each module, the charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructed battery module 22 in the flexible reconstructed battery cluster 2 is gradually reduced until it is less than the preset threshold, thereby achieving balanced control between the battery modules in the cluster, ensuring that the entire flexible reconstructed battery cluster 2 can operate stably in a good state with a relatively balanced charge state of each module, which is beneficial to the entire flexible reconstructed battery energy storage system to maintain an efficient and reliable operation state, extend the service life of the battery module and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0069] In this embodiment, the controller monitors, compares and judges the charge state deviation of each flexible reconstructible battery module 22 in the flexible reconstructible battery cluster 2 in real time. When the deviation is greater than a preset threshold, the modulation signal of each module power module 222 is changed according to the preset control logic, so as to finely adjust the charge and discharge time to reduce the charge state deviation and achieve balanced control between modules in the cluster. This not only allows the flexible reconstructible battery cluster 2 to operate stably with a relatively balanced charge state of each module, but also helps the entire flexible reconstructible battery energy storage system to maintain an efficient and reliable state, effectively extending the service life of the battery module.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0071] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A flexible reconfigurable battery cluster, characterized in that: The flexible reconfigurable battery cluster includes a plurality of flexible reconfigurable battery modules connected in series, each of the flexible reconfigurable battery modules includes a power module and a battery pack connected in parallel, and a switch is connected in parallel between the input end and the output end of each flexible reconfigurable battery module.

2. The flexible reconfigurable battery cluster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module is a full-bridge power module or a half-bridge power module.

3. The flexible reconfigurable battery cluster according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each power switch in the full-bridge power module and the half-bridge power module includes a plurality of transistors connected in parallel, and the transistors include at least one of power field effect transistors and insulated gate transistors.

4. The flexible reconstructible battery cluster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series.

5. A flexible reconfigurable battery array, characterized in that: The flexible reconfigurable battery array comprises: A plurality of parallel battery branches, each of which has a cluster filter inductor and a flexible reconfigurable battery cluster as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 connected in series between the input end and the output end.

6. A flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system, characterized in that: The flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system comprises: A three-phase energy storage branch, wherein an array filter inductor and a flexible reconfigurable battery array as claimed in claim 5 are sequentially connected in series between the input end and the output end of each phase of the energy storage branch; The three-phase energy storage branch adopts a star connection mode, or the three-phase energy storage branch adopts a delta connection mode.

7. The flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system further includes: A controller is connected to the power module, and is used to control the working state of the power module to control the level signal output by the flexible reconstructible battery, and in the event of a failure in the power module of the flexible reconstructible battery module, close the switch connected in parallel with the failed flexible reconstructible battery module.

8. The flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller is used to control the flexible reconfigurable battery modules in the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster that cannot support the output of the expected AC signal to be in an open circuit state.

9. The flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller is used to adjust the modulation signal output to each power module of the flexible reconfigurable battery module with normal communication according to the number of flexible reconfigurable battery modules with normal communication when the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster can support the output of the expected AC signal, so that the flexible reconfigurable battery cluster can output the expected AC signal.

10. The flexible reconfigurable battery energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller is used to change the modulation signal of the power module output to each flexible reconstructible battery module when there is a charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructible battery module in the flexible reconstructible battery cluster and the charge state deviation is greater than a preset threshold value, so that the charge state deviation between each flexible reconstructible battery module in the flexible reconstructible battery cluster is less than the preset threshold value.

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