Phase shifter and antenna

Abstract

The phase shifter comprises a phase shifting mechanism, the phase shifting mechanism comprises a reflecting plate, a phase shifting plate, a sliding sheet and an elastic assembly, the reflecting plate and the sliding sheet are arranged on the first side and the second side, opposite to each other, of the phase shifting plate respectively, the sliding sheet is used for being electrically connected with the phase shifting plate, and the elastic assembly is used for being connected with the phase shifting plate and the sliding sheet; the close sides of the phase shifting plate and the slip sheet are in contact; the driving mechanism is arranged on the reflecting plate and comprises a driving assembly and a transmission arm. Through the arrangement, the driving assembly does not occupy the front space of the phase shifting plate, the influence of the driving assembly on signals is reduced, meanwhile, the space utilization rate of the back face of the phase shifting plate is improved, the gap between the phase shifting plate and the sliding piece is not prone to being enlarged, and therefore the stability of signal transmission is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of phase shifters, and in particular to a phase shifter and an antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the coverage of mobile communication networks, the electrically tunable base station antenna is one of the key devices for covering the network, and the phase shifter is the core component of the electrically tunable base station antenna. The performance of the phase shifter directly determines the performance of the electrically tunable antenna, which in turn affects the coverage quality of the network. The existing phase shifter mainly changes the length of the electrically connected feed network by moving the slider on the phase shifter through a driving mechanism, so that there is a difference in the signal from the input port to each output port, thereby changing the phase between adjacent oscillators and achieving the purpose of phase shifting.

[0003] In the existing phase shifter, the slider and the driving mechanism are both arranged on the radial surface of the phase shifter and the reflector, that is, the front surface. On the one hand, the driving mechanism itself blocks the radial surface of the phase shifter and the reflector, affecting the antenna signal. On the other hand, in order to avoid interference, the front surface of the antenna is usually small and narrow, which is not conducive to the installation of the driving mechanism. In addition, since the slider is movably arranged on the phase shifter, the driving mechanism drives the slider on the front surface, which easily causes the gap between the slider and the phase shifter to expand, resulting in affecting the electrical indicators of the signal. Summary of the invention

[0004] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that since the slider is movably arranged on the phase shifter plate, the driving mechanism drives the slider from the front, which easily causes the gap between the slider and the phase shifter to expand, resulting in affecting the electrical indicators of the signal, thereby providing a phase shifter.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a phase shifter, comprising:

[0006] The phase shift mechanism comprises: a reflective plate, a phase shift plate, a slide, and an elastic component, wherein the reflective plate and the slide are respectively arranged on a first side and a second side opposite to the phase shift plate, the slide is used to be electrically connected to the phase shift plate, and the elastic component is used to connect the phase shift plate and the slide so that the phase shift plate and the slide near the side are in contact;

[0007] The driving mechanism is arranged on the reflecting plate, and comprises: a driving assembly and a transmission arm, wherein the first end of the transmission arm is connected to the driving assembly, and the second end of the transmission arm passes through the reflecting plate and the phase shifter from the first side of the phase shifter and is connected to the slide at the second side.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission arm includes: a first connecting portion, an inclined portion and an extension portion connected in sequence, the first connecting portion is fixed to the sliding plate, the inclined portion is inclined in a direction away from the sliding plate, one end of the inclined portion is connected to the first connecting portion, one end of the extension portion is connected to the end of the inclined portion and the other end is connected to the driving assembly, and the reflective plate and the phase shifter plate are respectively provided with a first sliding hole and a sliding groove for the transmission arm to pass through and move.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic component includes: a supporting portion, a first elastic arm, a protruding portion, and a positioning column, the supporting portion is arranged on a side of the slide away from the phase shifter, and there is a movable space between the supporting portion and the slide, one end of the first elastic arm is connected to the supporting portion and the other end extends to the slide, the protruding portion is arranged on the first elastic arm and elastically abuts against the slide; the slide and the phase shifter are respectively provided with positioning holes, and the positioning column is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic component is detachably arranged on the phase shifting mechanism, and a second elastic arm is arranged on the side of the support plate facing the slide, the second elastic arm passes through the slide and the phase shifting plate in sequence and extends outward, the phase shifter and the slide plate are provided with limiting holes adapted to the second elastic arms, there are at least two second elastic arms and both are in contact with the inner wall of the limiting hole, and the end of the second elastic arm is provided with a limiting portion extending radially along the limiting hole.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic component includes a first elastic component and a second elastic component, the first elastic component is a plurality of groups and are respectively arranged at the connection between the phase shifter plate and the sliding piece, and the second elastic component is at least two groups and are respectively arranged on both sides close to the first sliding hole and the sliding groove in the length direction.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the slide is provided with a second slide hole along its movable direction, the size of the second slide hole is adapted to the size of the second elastic arm, there are multiple elastic arms, and the multiple elastic arms are arranged around the support plate and located on both sides of the second slide hole in the width direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes: a transmission rod, a first transmission arm, a second transmission arm, a rotating shaft, a third transmission arm and a transmission frame, the ends of the transmission rod, the first transmission arm, the second transmission arm and the third transmission arm are hinged in sequence, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the reflective plate, the second transmission arm is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating shaft, the transmission frame is hinged to the end of the third transmission arm, and the transmission arm is connected to the transmission frame; the distance from the hinge position of the first transmission arm and the second transmission arm to the rotating shaft is greater than the distance from the hinge position of the third transmission arm and the second transmission arm to the rotating shaft.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly also includes a driving unit, the driving unit is connected to the transmission rod, and the transmission frame includes: a transmission plate and a transmission bracket, the transmission plate is arranged along the width direction of the reflection plate, and the transmission bracket is fixedly connected to the transmission plate and hinged to the third transmission arm.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reflecting plate is provided with a plurality of groups of phase shifting plates and slides, the phase shifting plates and slides are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the reflecting plate, the slides and phase shifting plates are respectively provided with coupling circuits arranged along their length directions, the slides are movable along the length direction of the phase shifting plates, and scales are provided at both ends of the phase shifting plates along the length direction of the slides.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reflective plate is provided with a plurality of groups of support members, the ends of the support members are provided with sliding blocks, and the transmission plate is provided with a third sliding hole adapted to the sliding block along its movable direction.

[0017] The present invention also provides an antenna, comprising the above-mentioned phase shifter.

[0018] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] The phase shifter described in the present invention uses a technical solution to complete power conduction by point connection when the radiation surface and the transmission surface cannot be in the same direction. By adopting a point connection design method between the reflection surface and the back, not only the integrity of the reflection plate is guaranteed, and the power can be effectively conducted, thereby maintaining the efficiency of the antenna radiation surface, but also the stability of the entire base station structure is improved, meeting the high performance requirements of the antenna base station in the modern communication environment. The drive component will not occupy the front space of the phase shifter, reducing the impact of the drive component on the signal, and at the same time improving the space utilization rate on the back of the phase shifter. It is not easy to expand the gap between the phase shifter and the slider, thereby ensuring the stability of signal transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the phase shifter of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the back side of the phase shifter of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding plate and the elastic component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the phase shifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission arm and the phase shifting plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission arm of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission arm and the transmission plate of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. reflector; 101. phase shifter; 102. scale; 103. slide; 104. first sub-elastic component; 105. first sub-slide hole; 106. transmission arm; 107. second sub-elastic component; 108. second sub-slide hole; 109. third sub-elastic component; 110. positioning hole; 111. fourth sub-elastic component; 201. first elastic arm; 202. support portion; 203. positioning column; 204. second elastic arm; 205. limiting portion; 301. limiting hole; 302. second rivet; 303. slide Slot; 304, locating sub-hole; 401, first rivet hole; 402, second rivet hole; 403, first locating pin; 404, second locating pin; 405, third locating pin; 406, fourth locating pin; 407, inclined portion; 5, drive assembly; 501, transmission plate; 502, adapter mounting hole; 503, first sliding hole; 504, third sliding hole; 505, slider; 6, transmission frame; 601, transmission rod; 602, first transmission arm; 603, second transmission arm; 604, rotating shaft; 605, third transmission arm; 606, transmission bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Reference Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a phase shifter of the present invention comprises:

[0034] The phase shift mechanism comprises: a reflector 1, a phase shift plate 101, a slide 103, and an elastic component, wherein the reflector 1 and the slide 103 are respectively arranged on a first side and a second side opposite to the phase shift plate 101, the slide 103 is used to be electrically connected to the phase shift plate 101, and the elastic component is used to connect the phase shift plate 101 and the slide 103 so that the phase shift plate 101 and the slide 103 are in contact with each other on the side close to each other;

[0035] The driving mechanism is arranged on the reflecting plate 1, and comprises: a driving component 5 and a transmission arm 106, wherein the first end of the transmission arm 106 is connected to the driving component 5, and the second end of the transmission arm 106 passes through the reflecting plate 1 and the phase shifter 101 from the first side of the phase shifter 101 and is connected to the slide 103 on the second side.

[0036] A phase shifter of the present invention uses a reflector 1 as a substrate, a phase shifter 101 is mounted on the reflector 1, and a slide 103 is movably arranged on the phase shifter 101. The drive assembly 5 drives the slide 103 to move along its length direction, that is, the length direction of the phase shifter 101 and the reflector 1, so that the path length of the signal propagating between the phase shifter 101 and the slide 103 changes, thereby adjusting the signal phase. The output shaft of the drive assembly 5 drives the first end of the transmission arm 106 to move. Since the second end of the transmission arm 106 is connected to the slide 103, the movement of the transmission arm 106 will drive the slide 103 to slide along the surface of the phase shifter 101. During the sliding process of the slide 103, the elastic assembly always maintains pressure on the slide 103, so that the slide 103 is in close contact with the phase shifter 101, thereby ensuring the stability of the electrical connection between the two. The driving mechanism is arranged on the back of the reflecting plate 1, the phase shifter 101 is arranged on the front, and the slide 103 is arranged on the front of the phase shifter 101. The driving mechanism passes through the reflecting plate 1 and the phase shifter 101 from the back and is connected to the slide 103 via a driving arm, thereby avoiding the driving mechanism from occupying the front space of the phase shifter 101, thereby avoiding the driving mechanism from affecting the signal transmission or reception at the phase shifter 101.

[0037] In addition, since the driving mechanism drives the slide 103 from the back side via the transmission arm 106 , the transmission arm 106 itself has a pull-down limiting effect on the slide 103 , which can keep the slide 103 and the phase shifter 101 in close contact, thereby improving the stability of signal transmission.

[0038] Reference Figure 7As shown, the transmission arm 106 includes: a first connection part, an inclined part 407 and an extension part which are connected in sequence, the first connection part is fixed to the slide 103, the inclined part 407 is inclined in a direction away from the slide 103, one end of the inclined part 407 is connected to the first connection part, one end of the extension part is connected to the end of the inclined part 407 and the other end is connected to the driving assembly 5, the reflecting plate 1 and the phase shifting plate 101 are respectively provided with a first sliding hole 503 and a sliding groove 303 for the transmission arm 106 to pass through and move, and the driving assembly 5 generates a driving force when it is started and transmits it to the extension part of the transmission arm 106. After receiving the driving force, the extension part will drive the inclined part 407 to move. Due to the inclined design of the inclined part 407, the force direction of the connection part and the slide 103 is close to the plane where the slide 103 is located, reducing the torque angle, thereby reducing the deformation of the slide 103, ensuring that the slide 103 is attached to the phase shifting plate 101, so that the first connection part can push the slide 103 to move smoothly.

[0039] Reference Figure 5As shown, the elastic component includes: a support portion 202, a first elastic arm 201, a protrusion, and a positioning column 203. The support portion 202 is arranged on a side of the slide 103 away from the phase shifter 101. There is a movable space between the support portion 202 and the slide 103. One end of the first elastic arm 201 is connected to the support portion 202 and the other end extends to the slide 103. The protrusion is arranged on the first elastic arm 201 and elastically abuts against the slide 103. The slide 103 and the phase shifter 101 are arranged on the support portion 202. 1 are respectively provided with positioning holes 110, and the positioning holes 110 include two positioning sub-holes 304. The two positioning sub-holes 304 cooperate with the two second elastic arms 204 to form a three-point support. The positioning column 203 is inserted into the positioning column 203. During the sliding process of the slide 103, since one end of the first elastic arm 201 is connected to the support portion 202, the other end extends to the slide 103, and the protrusion elastically abuts against the slide 103, the first elastic arm 201 will generate an elastic clamping force on the slide 103 and the phase shift plate 101. Specifically, when the slide 103 slides in a certain direction, the slide 103 will apply a force to the protrusion of the first elastic arm 201, so that the first elastic arm 201 is bent or stretched. The deformation of the elastic arm will generate an elastic force in the opposite direction of the external force. This elastic force acts on the slide 103 through the protrusion, so that the slide 103 is subjected to a pressure toward the phase shift plate 101. At the same time, due to the fixing effect of the support portion 202, the pressure of the first elastic arm 201 on the slide 103 will generate an elastic clamping force between the slide 103 and the phase shifter 101. On the one hand, the elastic force can ensure that the slide 103 is always in close contact with the side close to the phase shifter 101, thereby ensuring that the electrical connection between the two is stable and reliable, and avoiding signal transmission loss or interference caused by poor contact. On the other hand, the elastic clamping force can also compensate for the dimensional errors and surface unevenness that may exist in the slide 103 and the phase shifter 101 during the manufacturing and installation process to a certain extent, so that the slide 103 can be better fitted on the phase shifter 101, thereby improving the performance and stability of the phase shifter.

[0040] The material of the first elastic arm 201 is generally a metal material with good elasticity, such as spring steel. A groove is provided on the first elastic arm 201 near the support plate and away from the sliding sheet 103. The extension direction of the groove is perpendicular to the center line direction of the first elastic arm 201 to reduce stress concentration of the first elastic arm 201 and increase the range of motion of the first elastic arm 201.

[0041] Reference Figure 4As shown, the elastic component is detachably arranged on the phase shifting mechanism, and a second elastic arm 204 is arranged on the side of the support plate facing the slide 103, and the second elastic arm 204 passes through the slide 103 and the phase shifting plate 101 in sequence and extends outward, and the phase shifter and the slide plate are provided with a limiting hole 301 adapted to the second elastic arm 204, and the second elastic arm 204 is at least two and both abut against the inner wall of the limiting hole 301, and the end of the second elastic arm 204 is provided with a limiting portion 205 extending radially along the limiting hole 301, and the second elastic arm 204 passes through the slide 1 03 and the limiting hole 301 on the phase shifter 101, and the abutment is achieved by the abutment of the limiting part 205 with the limiting hole 301. There is a step surface between the limiting part 205 and the second elastic arm 204, and the back opening of the phase shifter limiting hole 301 abuts against the step surface, thereby preventing the second limiting arm from retracting into the hole, and providing a pulling force from the back to the supporting part 202; when it needs to be removed, pinch the two second elastic wall ends to bring the two limiting parts 205 close together until the size of the two limiting parts 205 is smaller than the limiting hole 301, and the second limiting arm can be passed through the front to remove the elastic component.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the elastic component includes a first elastic component and a second elastic component. The first elastic component is a plurality of groups and is respectively arranged at the connection between the phase shift plate 101 and the slide 103. The second elastic component is at least two groups and is respectively arranged on both sides of the length direction near the first slide hole 503 and the slide groove 303. Specifically, the second elastic component includes a first sub-elastic component 104, a second sub-elastic component 107, a third sub-elastic component 109 and a fourth sub-elastic component 111. In order to ensure that the movable slide 103 always maintains linear motion on the PCB radiation surface of the phase shift plate 101, the first sub-elastic component 104 and the second sub-elastic component 107 arranged in parallel are provided. In addition, by mirroring a complete set of movable radial devices, two or more groups of movable radial devices arranged in parallel can be obtained, and the third sub-elastic component 109 and the fourth sub-elastic component 111 are configured, so as to realize the synchronous movement control of multiple groups of radials.In order to avoid blocking the phase shift plate 101 and reduce the impact on the phase shift plate 101, the slide 103 is configured as a thin sheet with a small thickness, which is easy to deform when subjected to a force perpendicular to the plane. When the transmission arm 106 pushes the slide 103 in the pin hole through the positioning pin, although the force of the entire transmission arm 106 is mainly in the horizontal direction of the driving direction, there is also a power difference on both sides of the thickness direction of the slide 103. Specifically, the side of the slide 103 close to the transmission arm 106, that is, the back side, is subjected to a torque in the same direction as the driving direction, and The positioning pin uses the inner wall of the back opening of the pin hole away from the transmission arm 106 as a fulcrum, so that the side of the slide 103 away from the transmission arm 106, that is, the front side, is subjected to a torque opposite to the driving direction. The opposite torque will twist the slide 103 and deform it in the vertical direction. Specifically, the torsional torque makes the slide 103 take the positioning pin as the center. When viewed along the length direction of the slide 103, the side of the slide 103 close to the transmission component, that is, the power source, will be close to the phase shift plate 101, while the slide 103 away from the transmission component will be away from the phase shift plate 101. The side away from the transmission component is the side that affects the phase shift plate 101. The main factor of the quality of electrical connection is that in this embodiment, two second elastic components are arranged on both sides of the first sliding hole 503 and the sliding groove 303, and because the first sliding hole 503 and the sliding groove 303 constrain the movement path of the positioning pin, when the first end of the first slider 505 and the sliding groove 303 moves to the second end, since the static friction force of the slide 103 and the phase shifter is greater than the dynamic friction force, the starting power of the driving component 5 is greater than the power for stable operation, and the first end is the proximal end, and since the positioning pin needs to move from the first end to the second end, the power direction is from the first end to the second end. Towards the second end, the first side of the slide 103 near the first end at the positioning pin will be close to the phase shift plate 101, and the connection quality does not need to be considered here; and the second side of the slide 103 near the second end of the first slider 505 and the slide slot 303 will be away from the phase shift plate 101. Since the positioning pin is close to the first end at this time, the distance between the slide 103 at the positioning pin and the second end is longer, so the influence of the slide 103 away from the phase shift plate 101 is reduced by the long distance of the slide 103, reducing the deformation at the second end, and greatly reducing the influence of the torque on the slide 103. Similarly, when the positioning pin moves from the second end to the first end, there is no need to consider the influence at the second end. Since the power direction changes, the influence of the torque on the slide 103 near the first end is also reduced. Avoid using a reinforced structure to solve the problem of force concentration, reduce the complexity and weight of the system, and increase the transmission efficiency.

[0043] Reference Figure 6-Figure 7As shown, the front end of the transmission arm 106 is an extension portion, and the end is a first connecting portion. The end of the transmission arm 106 is plugged into the slide 103 through rivets and locating pins, and the front end is also plugged into the drive assembly 5 through rivets and locating pins. The slide 103 and the drive assembly 5 are respectively provided with pin holes adapted to the locating pins, and the extension portion and the first connecting portion are respectively provided with a first rivet hole 401 and a second rivet hole 302 adapted to the corresponding rivets. Specifically, the locating pins at the end of the transmission arm 106 include a third locating pin 405 and a fourth locating pin 406, and the locating pins at the front end of the transmission arm 106 include a first locating pin 403 and a second locating pin 404.

[0044] A corresponding coupling circuit is provided at the connection between the phase shifter plate 101 and the slider 103. The coupling circuit on the phase shifter plate 101 is two parallel lines, and the coupling circuit on the slider 103 is U-shaped, i.e., two parallel lines and a connecting line at the same end, and an opening is formed on the other side, and the opening is located on the side close to the phase shifter plate 101. Both coupling circuits are metal wire strips. The parallel lines on the phase shifter plate 101 correspond to the parallel lines on the slider 103, so that the electrical connection is always maintained, and the connection length changes when the slider 103 moves.

[0045] The slide 103 is provided with a second sliding hole along its movable direction, the size of the second sliding hole is adapted to the size of the second elastic arm 204, corresponding to the first sub-elastic component 104 and the second sub-elastic component 107, the second sliding hole is also configured as the corresponding first sub-sliding hole 105 and the second sub-sliding hole 108, the first elastic arm 201 is multiple, the multiple first elastic arms 201 are arranged around the support plate and on both sides of the width direction of the second sliding hole, providing a movable channel for the second elastic arm 204, so that the elastic arm can slide to a certain extent relative to the slide 103 in the sliding hole during the sliding of the slide 103 along the phase shifting plate 101, while maintaining the connection relationship with the slide 103, ensuring that the elastic force applied by the elastic arm to the slide 103 always exists and is stable in direction. The size of the second sliding hole is adapted to the size of the second elastic arm 204, which can ensure that the elastic arm will not be too loose in the sliding hole to lose the effective constraint on the slide 103, nor will it generate too much friction due to being too tight, affecting the normal sliding of the slide 103. The elastic arms distributed around can apply elastic force to the slide 103 from multiple directions, so that the slide 103 and the support part 202 can be uniformly elastically supported at all positions, thereby ensuring that the slide 103 and the phase shift plate 101 can be in close contact, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection.

[0046] Reference Figure 8-Figure 9As shown, the driving assembly 5 includes: a transmission rod 601, a first transmission arm 602106, a second transmission arm 603106, a rotating shaft 604, a third transmission arm 605106 and a transmission frame 6, the ends of the transmission rod 601, the first transmission arm 602106, the second transmission arm 603106 and the third transmission arm 605106 are hinged in sequence, the rotating shaft 604 is fixedly connected to the reflecting plate 1, the second transmission arm 603106 is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating shaft 604, the transmission frame 6 is hinged to the end of the third transmission arm 605106, and the transmission arm 106 is connected to the transmission frame 6; the distance from the hinge position of the first transmission arm 602106 and the second transmission arm 603106 to the rotating shaft 604 is greater than the distance from the hinge position of the third transmission arm 605106 and the second transmission arm 603106 to the rotating shaft 604, and the driving force is transmitted to the first transmission arm 602106 through the transmission rod 601. The first transmission arm 602106 starts to move under the action of the driving force. Since the first transmission arm 602106 is hinged with the second transmission arm 603106, the movement of the first transmission arm 602106 will drive the second transmission arm 603106 to rotate around the rotating shaft 604, and the rotation of the second transmission arm 603106 will drive the third transmission arm 605106 to move, because the third transmission arm 605106 and the second transmission arm 603106 are also hinged. Since the distance from the hinge position of the first transmission arm 602106 and the second transmission arm 603106 to the rotating shaft 604 is greater than the distance from the hinge position of the third transmission arm 605106 and the second transmission arm 603106 to the rotating shaft 604, a labor-saving lever is formed according to the lever principle, and the large stroke of the driving component 5 is converted into a small stroke of the transmission bracket and the slide 103, thereby achieving more accurate phase adjustment. At the same time, the power required to be provided by the component is reduced, and the driving unit is easier to be made into a flat structure, optimizing the space occupancy rate.

[0047] The driving assembly 5 also includes a driving unit, which is connected to the transmission rod 601. The transmission frame 6 includes: a transmission plate 501 and a transmission bracket. The transmission plate 501 and the transmission bracket are provided with corresponding transfer mounting holes 502 and are installed by bolt connection. The transmission plate 501 is arranged along the width direction of the reflection plate 1. The transmission bracket is fixedly connected to the transmission plate 501 and is hinged to the third transmission arm 605106. The driving unit includes but is not limited to an electric push rod, a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. In the present embodiment, it is a cylinder. The driving unit generates linear motion through the action of compressed air, and the linear motion of its piston rod is directly transmitted to the transmission rod 601, so that the transmission rod 601 performs linear motion. The linear motion direction is the length direction of the reflection plate 1, the phase shifter 101 and the slide 103. The first transmission arm 602106 and the second transmission arm 603106 are used to provide displacement compensation in the width direction when the second transmission arm 603106 rotates, so that the transmission frame 6 and the slide 103 also move along the length direction.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the reflector 1 is provided with multiple groups of phase shift plates 101 and slides 103, the phase shift plates 101 and slides 103 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the reflector 1, the slides 103 and the phase shift plates 101 are respectively provided with coupling circuits arranged along the length direction thereof, the slides 103 move along the length direction of the phase shift plates 101, and the phase shift plates 101 are provided with scales 102 at both ends of the length direction of the slides 103. During the sliding process of the slides 103, the operator or the control system can determine the position of the slides 103 by observing the scales 102 at both ends of the phase shift plates 101. According to the scale values ​​on the scales 102, the moving distance of the slides 103 can be accurately known, and then the phase shift amount of the signal can be calculated. By independently controlling different groups of phase shift plates 101 and slides 103, the simultaneous phase shift or the control of different phase shift amounts of multiple signal channels can be realized.

[0049] The reflector 1 is provided with multiple groups of support members, and a slider 505 is provided at the end of the support member. The transmission plate 501 is provided with a third sliding hole 504 adapted to the slider 505 along its moving direction. When the driving assembly 5 is started, the transmission plate 501 starts to move under the action of the driving mechanism. The slider 505 at the end of the support member is located in the third sliding hole 504 of the transmission plate 501. As the transmission plate 501 moves, the slider 505 slides relatively in the third sliding hole 504. The cooperation between the slider 505 and the third sliding hole 504 plays a guiding and limiting role. During the movement of the transmission plate 501, the slider 505 limits the movement direction of the transmission plate 501, so that it can only move along the direction of the third sliding hole 504. In this embodiment, the direction of the third slider 505 is consistent with the direction of the first sliding hole 503 and the second sliding hole, that is, along the length direction, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the movement trajectory of the transmission plate 501.

[0050] This embodiment provides a cable-free radial movement device, which cannot achieve an effective height on the front side due to environmental protection requirements. The relatively narrow vertical space is used to complete the radial movement of the transmission in the PCB radiation panel in the direction of the reflection surface. When the radial surface and the transmission surface cannot be in the same direction, in order to fully ensure the integrity of the reflection surface and the structural stability, a point connection method is designed between the reflection surface and the back to complete the power process of the electric adjustment power from the back to the radiation angle movement power of the front.

[0051] The horizontal transmission plate 501 is used to connect multiple transmission arms 106 to perform transmission operations synchronously, and the synchronous transmission plate 501 is used to complete the radial movement of multiple planar radiation units in the horizontal plane to complete the telecommunication index task.

[0052] The vertical slider 505 is used to fix the vertical height of the transmission plate 501 and the reflection platform, and multiple groups of sliders 505 are used to limit the lateral movement of the transmission connection surface, so that it always maintains vertical phase displacement during the force transmission process, thereby adding a physical transmission limit function to the technical basis environment of mechanical electric adjustment.

[0053] Multiple groups of transmission arms 106 and transmission plates 501 utilize a multi-point contact method to increase the transmission stability of the transmission force to the transmission plate 501, so that after the force is transmitted by the transmission lever, it is evenly dispersed at both ends of the transmission plate 501, increasing the transmission output points of the force, reducing the transmission resistance caused by the same-phase force, and ensuring that the connection surface blocks are evenly stressed during the transmission process and the mechanical structure is balanced.

[0054] The force and distance are converted by transmission in the way of lever principle. Within the limited transmission rear end and radial movement limit, the transmission front end transmission travel distance is increased, and the radial displacement accuracy corresponding to the scale scale is increased. By using the force-saving lever in the lever principle, a transmission mechanism is designed, so that when the input force is small, the output can be converted through the lever structure. In a limited space, the drive unit can reduce the height and make better use of the free space in the length direction. The fulcrum of the lever is set at a specific position to ensure that the input force arm length is much larger than the output force arm. A force and distance conversion device is designed to convert the angle change of the lever into a linear displacement. A precise transmission scale is set at the output end of the lever, and the scale length of the scale changes with the swing of the lever structure. The whole system is connected to the radiation surface of the antenna. Through the adjustment of the lever structure, the fine adjustment in the radial direction is achieved under the drive of the lever force arm, and the antenna adjustment with higher precision is completed to meet the needs of different frequencies and communication environments. Through precision mechanical design, the swing angle of the lever and the linear displacement of the scale are kept consistent and controllable. By optimizing the lever length and fulcrum position, the scale of the transmission ruler is designed to correspond to the changes in radial displacement with high resolution.

[0055] By redesigning the transmission path, the cable does not need to be wound from the back to the front, which achieves a significant reduction in cable consumption. Compared with the traditional layout design, the present invention provides a more compact and efficient cable laying solution. The modular design simplifies the cable connection between the functional modules and greatly reduces the overall usage of cables. Environmental factors are fully considered in the design process, and the environmental performance of the antenna design is improved by reducing material usage and energy consumption. Different from the traditional independent transmission design, the present invention connects multiple transmission arms 106 in a unified manner through a horizontal transmission plate 501, thereby greatly simplifying the system structure and improving synchronization. It can accurately control the synchronous movement of multiple transmission components and ensure the accuracy and consistency of radial movement.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment provides an antenna, including a phase shifter as described in the embodiment.

[0058] In the antenna described in this embodiment, when a signal needs to be transmitted, the original signal generated by the signal source is first transmitted to the phase shifter through the feed network. In the phase shifter, the control system sends a control instruction to the drive unit according to the preset phase adjustment requirements. After the drive unit is started, the driving force is transmitted to each transmission arm 106 through the transmission rod 601, and the transmission arm 106 drives the transmission frame 6 to move, thereby driving the slide 103 to slide on the phase shift plate 101 along its length direction.

[0059] As the slide 103 slides, the relative position between the phase shift plate 101 and the coupling circuit on the slide 103 changes, causing the path length of the signal propagating in the coupling circuit to change, thereby adjusting the signal phase. The signal after the phase is adjusted by the phase shifter is then transmitted to the radiation unit through the feeding network, and the radiation unit radiates the signal into space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

[0060] When a signal needs to be received, the radiation unit receives the electromagnetic wave signal in space and converts it into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is transmitted to the phase shifter through the feeding network. The phase shifter adjusts the phase of the signal according to the instructions of the control system, and then transmits the adjusted signal to the back-end processing circuit for further processing and analysis.

[0061] During the entire working process, the control system monitors the working state of the phase shifter in real time, obtains the position information of the slider 103103 and the working parameters of the drive unit through the sensor, and adjusts the drive unit in real time according to the monitoring results to ensure the adjustment accuracy and stability of the signal phase. At the same time, the antenna housing provides a good protective environment for the internal components of the antenna, ensuring the normal operation of the antenna.

[0062] The antenna of this embodiment has structural stability and precise control capability while ensuring efficient signal transmission. The radiating surface in the antenna base station can be fine-tuned under different operating frequency bands and environmental conditions to optimize the direction and intensity of signal radiation, especially when adjusting the radiating surface in a narrow space.

[0063] By redesigning the transmission layout of the antenna base station, the transmission paths of each function are arranged closely physically. By merging multiple functional modules inside the antenna base station into the same transmission path, the connection between the functional modules is made simpler and more efficient. By reducing the connection points between independent modules, the amount of cables used in the traditional layout due to the dispersion of modules is reduced, and the use of redundant cables is significantly reduced, achieving the purpose of environmental protection and cost reduction.

[0064] A radial moving device that can fit the PCB radiation surface is provided. The PCB material is used and a movable radiation unit is designed. The movement of the radiation unit is achieved by a micro motor or an electromagnetic drive device. The drive system can adjust the position of the radiation unit according to an external control signal, thereby changing the radiation characteristics of the antenna. Multiple point connectors are used between the reflective surface PCB radial moving device and the back structure. These connectors are precisely designed and manufactured to achieve efficient power conduction and complete multi-phase amplitude movement without destroying the structural integrity of the reflector 1101.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from these are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase shifter, characterized in that: include: The phase shift mechanism comprises: a reflective plate, a phase shift plate, a slide, and an elastic component, wherein the reflective plate and the slide are respectively arranged on a first side and a second side opposite to the phase shift plate, the slide is used to be electrically connected to the phase shift plate, and the elastic component is used to connect the phase shift plate and the slide so that the phase shift plate and the slide near the side are in contact; The driving mechanism is arranged on the reflecting plate, and comprises: a driving assembly and a transmission arm, wherein the first end of the transmission arm is connected to the driving assembly, and the second end of the transmission arm passes through the reflecting plate and the phase shifter from the first side of the phase shifter and is connected to the slide at the second side.

2. A phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission arm includes: a first connecting portion, an inclined portion and an extending portion connected in sequence, the first connecting portion is fixed to the slide, the inclined portion is inclined in a direction away from the slide, one end of the inclined portion is connected to the first connecting portion, one end of the extending portion is connected to the end of the inclined portion and the other end is connected to the driving component, and the reflecting plate and the phase shifting plate are respectively provided with a first sliding hole and a sliding groove for the transmission arm to pass through and move.

3. A phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component includes: a support portion, a first elastic arm, a protrusion, and a positioning column. The support portion is arranged on a side of the slide away from the phase shifter, and there is a movable space between the support portion and the slide. One end of the first elastic arm is connected to the support portion and the other end extends to the slide. The protrusion is arranged on the first elastic arm and elastically abuts against the slide. The slide and the phase shifter are respectively provided with positioning holes, and the positioning column is inserted into the positioning holes.

4. A phase shifter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic component is detachably arranged on the phase shifting mechanism, and a second elastic arm is arranged on the side of the support plate facing the slide, and the second elastic arm passes through the slide and the phase shifting plate in sequence and extends outward, and the phase shifter and the slide plate are provided with limiting holes adapted to the second elastic arms, and there are at least two second elastic arms and both are in contact with the inner wall of the limiting hole, and the end of the second elastic arm is provided with a limiting portion extending radially along the limiting hole.

5. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a first elastic component and a second elastic component. The first elastic components are multiple groups and are respectively arranged at the connection between the phase shift plate and the slide. The second elastic components are at least two groups and are respectively arranged near the first sliding hole and the two sides of the sliding groove in the length direction.

6. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide plate is provided with a second slide hole along its movable direction, the size of the second slide hole is adapted to the size of the second elastic arm, there are multiple elastic arms, and the multiple elastic arms are arranged around the support plate and located on both sides of the second slide hole in the width direction.

7. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes: a transmission rod, a first transmission arm, a second transmission arm, a rotating shaft, a third transmission arm and a transmission frame, the ends of the transmission rod, the first transmission arm, the second transmission arm and the third transmission arm are hinged in sequence, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the reflective plate, the second transmission arm is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating shaft, the transmission frame is hinged to the end of the third transmission arm, and the transmission arm is connected to the transmission frame; the distance from the hinge position of the first transmission arm and the second transmission arm to the rotating shaft is greater than the distance from the hinge position of the third transmission arm and the second transmission arm to the rotating shaft.

8. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly also includes a driving unit, which is connected to the transmission rod. The transmission frame includes: a transmission plate and a transmission bracket, the transmission plate is arranged along the width direction of the reflection plate, and the transmission bracket is fixedly connected to the transmission plate and hinged to the third transmission arm.

9. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector is provided with a plurality of groups of phase shifters and slides, the phase shifters and slides are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the reflector, the slides and phase shifters are respectively provided with coupling circuits arranged along their length directions, the slides move along the length direction of the phase shifters, and scales are provided at both ends of the phase shifters along the length direction of the slides.

10. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective plate is provided with a plurality of groups of supporting members, the ends of the supporting members are provided with sliding blocks, and the transmission plate is provided with a third sliding hole adapted to the sliding block along its moving direction.

11. An antenna, characterized in that: Includes a phase shifter as described in any one of items 1-10.

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