Fertilizing method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency, which comprises the following steps: a, formulating a personalized phosphate fertilizer application scheme according to soil properties, climate conditions and an expected yield target of a cotton planting area; b, timely adding a proper amount of water-soluble phosphate fertilizer according to the actual growth condition of the plant and a leaf nutrition diagnosis result; c, supplementing the phosphorus element by adopting a foliar spraying mode aiming at the possible phosphorus deficiency symptom; and d, adding a biological stimulant and a substance for promoting phosphorus absorption in the fertilization process. According to the fertilization method disclosed by the invention, through combination of precise fertilization, staged fertilization, biological stimulant application, dynamic monitoring and adjustment and a water-saving irrigation technology, the yield of cotton and the utilization efficiency of a phosphate fertilizer are effectively improved, the production cost is reduced, the ecological environment is protected, and the fertilization method has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biometric identification, and in particular to a fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency. Background Art

[0002] Cotton is one of the most important natural fiber crops in the world and is widely used in the textile industry. In the cotton planting process, phosphorus, as a key nutrient element, is essential for promoting root development, supporting flower bud differentiation, fruit formation, and seed filling. However, traditional fertilization methods have many defects, which limit the increase of cotton yield and the optimization of phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0003] First, the traditional application of phosphate fertilizers is often not targeted and fails to fully consider the specific soil properties, climatic conditions and expected yield targets of the cotton-growing areas. This "one-size-fits-all" fertilization method can easily lead to improper use of phosphate fertilizers, which can neither meet the phosphorus needs of cotton at different growth stages nor cause phosphorus surplus, increase production costs and bring environmental risks. Secondly, traditional fertilization methods mostly use a one-time application method and fail to adjust the supply of phosphate fertilizers according to the growth dynamics of cotton. This not only affects the healthy development of the early root system of cotton, but also causes insufficient or excessive phosphorus supply during the rapid growth period, which in turn affects the final yield and quality of cotton.

[0004] In addition, traditional fertilization methods pay less attention to the application of biostimulants and ignore the importance of promoting phosphorus absorption by improving the structure of soil microbial communities. For example, mycorrhizal fungi can establish a symbiotic relationship with cotton roots and significantly improve phosphorus absorption efficiency, but they have not been fully applied in actual agricultural production; traditional fertilization methods are not combined with water-saving irrigation technology, and cannot guarantee the precise supply of water and phosphorus fertilizers, which reduces the coupling effect of water and fertilizers and increases resource waste. At the same time, due to the lack of monitoring and dynamic management of changes in soil and leaf phosphorus content, it is difficult to achieve a high match between phosphorus supply and cotton demand, further weakening the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical Problems Solved

[0006] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are the various problems mentioned in the above background technology, and a fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency is provided.

[0007] 2. Technical Solution

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency, comprising the following steps:

[0009] a. According to the soil properties, climate conditions and expected yield targets of the cotton planting area, a personalized phosphate fertilizer application plan is formulated through soil testing and fertilization technology;

[0010] b. When cotton enters a rapid growth period, add an appropriate amount of water-soluble phosphorus fertilizer in a timely manner according to the actual growth status of the plant and the results of leaf nutrition diagnosis to support the nutrient requirements during flower bud differentiation, fruit formation and seed cotton filling;

[0011] c. For phosphorus deficiency symptoms that may occur during a specific growth period or under special weather conditions, phosphorus can be supplemented by foliar spraying, preferably in the morning or evening to reduce evaporation losses;

[0012] d. Adding biostimulants during the fertilization process, selected from mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, plant growth regulators or other substances that can improve the soil microbial community structure and promote phosphorus absorption, to further enhance the effect of phosphorus fertilizer.

[0013] As an improvement, the biostimulant is a mycorrhizal fungus inoculant that has been screened and is capable of establishing a symbiotic relationship with the cotton root system, and the mycorrhizal fungus can continue to function throughout the entire growth cycle of the cotton, significantly improving the absorption efficiency of phosphorus.

[0014] As an improvement, the specific time and dosage of the topdressing depend on the specific growth conditions of the cotton and external environmental factors, especially changes in temperature, humidity and light intensity. The proportion of phosphate fertilizer in the topdressing is preferably 30%-50% of the total phosphate fertilizer.

[0015] As an improvement, the foliar spraying is suitable for emergency remedial measures to deal with short-term phosphorus deficiency and adverse weather conditions, the spraying time is selected in the morning, the spraying solution contains a high concentration of phosphate, and the spraying frequency does not exceed once a week.

[0016] As an improvement, the phosphate fertilizer specifically includes monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate, and the phosphate fertilizer used must comply with national standards, have good water solubility and stability, and be easily absorbed and utilized by cotton roots.

[0017] As an improvement, the organic fertilizer is selected from decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure, etc., and the ratio of organic fertilizer to phosphate fertilizer is 1:1 and 2:1, which helps to improve soil structure, increase soil aeration and water retention capacity, and provide long-term nutrient supply.

[0018] As improvements, it also includes monitoring changes in soil and leaf phosphorus content during cotton growth, dynamically adjusting the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied through regular sampling and analysis, ensuring that phosphorus supply matches cotton demand and maximizing phosphorus fertilizer utilization.

[0019] As an improvement, the fertilization method is also combined with water-saving irrigation technology, including drip irrigation, to ensure the precise supply of water and phosphate fertilizer, improve the coupling effect of water and fertilizer, and reduce resource waste.

[0020] 3. Beneficial Effects

[0021] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0022] 1. The fertilization method of the present invention can provide customized phosphate fertilizer according to the specific soil properties, climatic conditions and expected yield targets of the cotton planting area, ensuring a high degree of match between the phosphorus supply and the cotton demand. Through the staged fertilization strategy of topdressing and foliar spraying, combined with the use of biostimulants such as mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, it not only promotes the effective absorption of phosphorus, but also improves the soil microbial community structure, thereby increasing the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer from the original 30% to more than 45%, reducing the waste and loss of phosphorus.

[0023] 2. The fertilization method of the present invention avoids the application of excessive phosphate fertilizer, reduces the residual amount of phosphorus in the soil, reduces environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies caused by phosphorus loss, and plays a positive role in protecting the ecological environment. At the same time, the method combines water-saving irrigation technology such as drip irrigation to ensure the precise supply of water and phosphate fertilizer, improves the water-fertilizer coupling effect, further reduces the waste of water resources and fertilizer resources, and meets the requirements of sustainable agricultural development.

[0024] 3. The fertilization method of the present invention improves soil structure, increases soil aeration and water retention capacity, and provides long-term nutrient supply through the mixed application of organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, thereby enhancing the stress resistance of cotton and helping to cope with the challenges brought by climate change. In addition, the method also includes monitoring the changes in soil and leaf phosphorus content during cotton growth. Through regular sampling and analysis, the amount of phosphate fertilizer applied can be dynamically adjusted to ensure that the phosphorus supply is always in line with the needs of cotton, providing a scientific basis and technical support for agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The invention discloses a flow chart of the steps of a fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, a fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency comprises the following steps:

[0028] a. According to the soil properties, climate conditions and expected yield targets of the cotton planting area, a personalized phosphate fertilizer application plan is formulated through soil testing and fertilization technology;

[0029] b. When cotton enters a rapid growth period, add an appropriate amount of water-soluble phosphorus fertilizer in a timely manner according to the actual growth status of the plant and the results of leaf nutrition diagnosis to support the nutrient requirements during flower bud differentiation, fruit formation and seed cotton filling;

[0030] c. For phosphorus deficiency symptoms that may occur during a specific growth period or under special weather conditions, phosphorus can be supplemented by foliar spraying, preferably in the morning or evening to reduce evaporation losses;

[0031] d. Adding biostimulants during the fertilization process, selected from mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, plant growth regulators or other substances that can improve the soil microbial community structure and promote phosphorus absorption, to further enhance the effect of phosphorus fertilizer.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the biostimulant is a mycorrhizal fungus inoculant that has been screened to establish a symbiotic relationship with the cotton root system, and the mycorrhizal fungus can continue to play a role throughout the entire growth cycle of the cotton, significantly improving the absorption efficiency of phosphorus, wherein the application amount is determined based on the soil test results to ensure that the provided phosphate fertilizer can meet the phosphorus demand of the cotton in the early growth stage, and the proportion of phosphate fertilizer in the total phosphate fertilizer is preferably 40%-60%.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific time and dosage of the topdressing depend on the specific growth conditions of the cotton and external environmental factors, especially the changes in temperature, humidity and light intensity. The proportion of phosphate fertilizer in the topdressing is preferably 30%-50% of the total phosphate fertilizer. The foliar spraying is suitable for emergency remedial measures to deal with short-term phosphorus deficiency and adverse weather conditions. The spraying time is selected in the morning, the spraying solution contains a high concentration of phosphate, and the spraying frequency does not exceed once a week.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the phosphate fertilizer specifically includes monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate, and the phosphate fertilizer used must meet national standards, have good water solubility and stability, and be easily absorbed and utilized by cotton roots, wherein the organic fertilizer is selected from decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure, etc., and the ratio of organic fertilizer to phosphate fertilizer is 1:1 and 2:1, which helps to improve soil structure, increase soil aeration and water retention capacity, and provide long-term nutrient supply.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, it also includes monitoring the changes in soil and leaf phosphorus content during cotton growth, dynamically adjusting the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied through regular sampling and analysis, ensuring that the phosphorus supply matches the cotton demand and maximizing the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer. The fertilization method is also combined with water-saving irrigation technology, specifically drip irrigation, to ensure the precise supply of water and phosphorus fertilizer, improve the water-fertilizer coupling effect, and reduce resource waste.

[0036] The fertilization method of the present invention is specifically implemented as follows:

[0037] 1. Development of personalized phosphate fertilizer application plan

[0038] According to the specific soil properties (such as texture, pH value, organic matter content), climatic conditions (such as precipitation, temperature, humidity) and expected yield targets of the cotton-growing area, the soil is tested in detail through soil testing and fertilization technology. Combined with local climate data and historical yield records, a personalized phosphate fertilizer application plan is formulated. The plan aims to ensure that the amount of phosphate fertilizer used can meet the growth needs of cotton while avoiding resource waste and environmental risks caused by excessive fertilization.

[0039] 2. Topdressing

[0040] As cotton enters a rapid growth period (usually before and after flowering), add an appropriate amount of water-soluble phosphate fertilizer in a timely manner based on the actual growth conditions of the plants and the results of leaf nutrition diagnosis. The proportion of phosphate fertilizer in topdressing accounts for 30%-50% of the total phosphate fertilizer. The specific time and dosage depend on the specific growth conditions of the cotton and external environmental factors, especially changes in temperature, humidity and light intensity. Fertilization at this stage helps support nutrient requirements during flower bud differentiation, fruit formation, and seed cotton filling. Through dynamic monitoring and adjustment, ensure that phosphorus supply matches cotton demand and maximizes phosphorus fertilizer utilization.

[0041] 3. Foliar spray

[0042] Foliar spraying is used to supplement phosphorus in response to phosphorus deficiency symptoms that may occur during a specific growth period or under special weather conditions. Spraying is preferably done in the morning or evening to reduce evaporation losses. The spray solution contains a high concentration of phosphates and the spraying frequency should not exceed once a week to avoid damage to the leaves caused by excessive phosphorus accumulation. This emergency remedial measure can quickly alleviate the problem of phosphorus deficiency in the short term and ensure normal growth of cotton.

[0043] 4. Biostimulant Application

[0044] Biostimulants are added during the fertilization process, selected from mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, plant growth regulators or other substances that can improve the structure of soil microbial communities and promote phosphorus absorption. In particular, mycorrhizal fungal inoculants that have been screened to establish a symbiotic relationship with cotton roots can continue to play a role throughout the entire growth cycle of cotton and significantly improve the absorption efficiency of phosphorus. These biostimulants further enhance the effect of phosphorus fertilizers and promote the healthy growth of cotton by improving the structure of soil microbial communities and enhancing the rhizosphere environment.

[0045] 5. Phosphate fertilizer selection

[0046] The phosphate fertilizer used is selected from but not limited to monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate, and must meet national standards, have good water solubility and stability, and be easily absorbed and utilized by cotton roots. Selecting the appropriate type and quality of phosphate fertilizer can ensure the effective supply of phosphorus and improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizers.

[0047] 6. Dynamic monitoring and adjustment

[0048] During the entire cotton growth period, we regularly sample and analyze the phosphorus content in the soil and leaves, and monitor the phosphorus supply through scientific methods. Based on the monitoring results, we dynamically adjust the amount of phosphorus fertilizer to ensure that the phosphorus supply is always in line with the needs of cotton and maximize the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer. This dynamic management method can timely discover and solve the problem of insufficient or excessive phosphorus supply, and ensure the healthy growth of cotton.

[0049] 7. Combination of water-saving irrigation technology

[0050] This fertilization method also combines water-saving irrigation technology, including drip irrigation. These technologies can ensure the precise supply of water and phosphate fertilizer, improve the water-fertilizer coupling effect, and reduce the waste of water and fertilizer resources. Through the application of water-saving irrigation technology, not only the utilization efficiency of water resources is improved, but also the supply of phosphate fertilizer is further optimized, achieving the goal of sustainable agricultural development.

[0051] Example

[0052] Taking the cotton fields in Xinjiang as an example, after following the above fertilization method and observing and measuring for a growth cycle, the following results were achieved:

[0053] Cotton yield increased by an average of 15%-20%;

[0054] The utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer has increased from about 30% to more than 45%;

[0055] The amount of residual phosphorus in the soil has been significantly reduced, reducing the impact of phosphorus loss on the environment;

[0056] The overall economic benefits have increased significantly and farmers' income has increased.

[0057] In summary, the fertilization method of the present invention effectively improves the yield of cotton and the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer, reduces production costs, protects the ecological environment, and has broad application prospects through the combination of precision fertilization, staged fertilization, application of biostimulants, dynamic monitoring and adjustment, and water-saving irrigation technology.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0060] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. According to the soil properties, climate conditions and expected yield targets of the cotton planting area, a personalized phosphate fertilizer application plan is formulated through soil testing and fertilization technology; b. After cotton enters the rapid growth period, according to the actual growth status of the plant and the results of leaf nutrition diagnosis, add an appropriate amount of water-soluble phosphorus fertilizer in time to support the nutrient requirements during flower bud differentiation, fruit formation and seed cotton filling; c. For phosphorus deficiency symptoms that may occur during a specific growth period or under special weather conditions, phosphorus can be supplemented by foliar spraying, preferably in the morning or evening to reduce evaporation losses; d. Adding biostimulants during the fertilization process, selected from mycorrhizal fungal inoculants, plant growth regulators or other substances that can improve the soil microbial community structure and promote phosphorus absorption, to further enhance the effect of phosphorus fertilizer.

2. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biostimulant is a mycorrhizal fungus inoculant that has been screened and is capable of establishing a symbiotic relationship with the cotton root system, and the mycorrhizal fungus can continue to play a role throughout the entire growth cycle of the cotton, significantly improving the absorption efficiency of phosphorus.

3. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific time and dosage of the topdressing depend on the specific growth conditions of the cotton and external environmental factors, especially the changes in temperature, humidity and light intensity. The proportion of phosphate fertilizer in the topdressing is preferably 30%-50% of the total phosphate fertilizer.

4. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foliar spraying is suitable for emergency remedial measures to deal with short-term phosphorus deficiency and adverse weather conditions. The spraying time is selected in the morning, the spraying solution contains a high concentration of phosphate, and the spraying frequency does not exceed once a week.

5. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phosphate fertilizers specifically include monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate, and the phosphate fertilizers used must comply with national standards, have good water solubility and stability, and be easily absorbed and utilized by cotton roots.

6. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is selected from decomposed farmyard manure, compost, green manure, etc., and the ratio of organic fertilizer to phosphate fertilizer is 1:1 and 2:1, which helps to improve soil structure, increase soil aeration and water retention capacity, and provide long-term nutrient supply.

7. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes monitoring changes in soil and leaf phosphorus content during cotton growth, dynamically adjusting the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied through regular sampling and analysis, ensuring that phosphorus supply matches cotton demand and maximizing phosphorus fertilizer utilization.

8. A fertilization method for improving cotton yield and phosphorus utilization efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization method also combines water-saving irrigation technology, specifically drip irrigation, to ensure the precise supply of water and phosphate fertilizer, improve the water-fertilizer coupling effect, and reduce resource waste.

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