A method for cultivating emblica seedlings

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for cultivating emblica seedlings, and relates to the technical field of emblica artificial planting. The cultivation method mainly comprises the steps of blanching the seeds in the early stage, sequentially soaking them in sodium chloride solutions of different concentrations, sealing them in a carbon dioxide environment, allowing them to germinate, using garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermentation material, and coconut shell powder as a seedling culture medium, and sowing and managing the seeds in the sterilized seedling culture medium. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology, effectively improves the emergence rate after sowing, promotes seedling growth, ensures the survival rate of seedlings after subsequent transplanting, and comprehensively reduces planting costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of artificial planting of emblica, and in particular to a method for cultivating emblica seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Emblica officinalis is a deciduous shrub or small tree in the genus Phyllanthus in the Euphorbiaceae family. Also known as emblica, oleaginous fruit, and Yunnan olive, its fruit can treat ailments such as colds, laryngitis, toothaches, and coughs. Its roots, stems, leaves, and fruit all have medicinal value, making it a highly valued plant. However, wild emblica has common drawbacks such as small fruit, a rusty color, a bitter taste, and low and unstable yields. In recent years, the majority of emblica varieties sold on the market have been cultivated through selective breeding.

[0003] Artificial cultivation of emblica usually involves direct germination and sowing of seeds to obtain emblica seedlings, which are then transplanted and planted. However, the overall germination rate is low, and there is also a high seedling mortality rate after transplanting. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of artificial cultivation of emblica at this stage, it is necessary to further improve the seedling rate of emblica, thereby reducing the loss of artificial seedling cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for cultivating emblica seedlings, which effectively improves the emergence rate after sowing, promotes the growth of seedlings, ensures the survival rate of subsequent transplanting of seedlings, and comprehensively reduces the planting cost.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for cultivating emblica seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, seed pretreatment: select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water, soak them in sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 20-30 minutes, then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0008] S2, seed germination treatment: set up a sealed box, lay moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, then place the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, use carbon dioxide to replace the air in the sealed box, and then let it stand for 20-24 hours. Then open the sealed box and germinate until the seeds turn white. The white seeds are obtained for standby use;

[0009] S3. Setting of a seedling culture medium: garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermentation material, and coconut shell powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:1:1 to obtain a seedling culture medium, wherein the olive leaf fermentation material is prepared by fermenting olives with acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria;

[0010] S4. Sowing: Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized seedling medium, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 7-10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot.

[0011] Preferably, the blanching time in step S1 is 5-8 seconds.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature of the static treatment in step S2 is 20-25°C.

[0013] Preferably, the method of accelerating germination until the seeds turn white in step S2 is to perform germination in the dark at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a relative humidity of 85%-95%.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the olive leaf fermented material in step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) drying olive leaves at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, adding water to the dried olive leaves and grinding them to obtain olive leaf slurry for later use;

[0016] (2) adding white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, then inoculating acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and fermenting for 30-40 hours to obtain a fermented slurry for later use;

[0017] (3) drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain an olive leaf fermented material.

[0018] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of the dried olive leaves to the water-based grinding is 1:3-5.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of white sugar added in step (2) is 4%-6% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

[0020] Preferably, the inoculation amount of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in step (2) is 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

[0021] Preferably, the method for obtaining the sterilized seedling culture medium in step S4 is to spread the seedling culture medium flat and sterilize it by ultraviolet irradiation for 2-3 hours.

[0022] The present invention provides a method for cultivating emblica seedlings, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] The invention blanches the emblica seeds in early stage, soaks them in salt water of different concentrations, and then seals and germinates them with carbon dioxide, thereby effectively promoting the emergence of white spots during planting, improving the germination rate of the seeds after sowing, and realizing rapid emergence of all seedlings. The invention adopts garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermentation material, and coconut shell powder as matrix, effectively promoting the growth of seedlings, improving the survival rate of subsequent seedling transplanting, and comprehensively improving the seedling raising effect. When the emblica seeds grow to a ground diameter circumference of about 2 cm, roots will penetrate bags / pots. At this time, performing a root cutting treatment can promote the growth of fibrous roots, reduce the transplanting cost, and promote the transplanting survival rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the emergence of seedlings in experimental group 1 of the present invention after 25 days of sowing;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the emergence of seedlings in experimental group 1 of the present invention after 60 days of sowing;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the emergence of seedlings in experimental group 1 of the present invention after 90 days of sowing;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transplanting of seedlings 90 days after sowing in experimental group 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of seedlings in experimental group 1 of the present invention after 8 months of transplantation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The acetic acid bacteria used in the following examples were purchased from Wuhan Huaxiang Kejie Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a viable cell count of 3 billion / g; the lactic acid bacteria were purchased from Jinan Weiduofeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a viable cell count of 10 billion / g.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] 1. Preparation of auxiliary materials:

[0033] 1.1. Auxiliary material A:

[0034] (1) drying the olive leaves at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, and grinding the dried olive leaves with water at a material-liquid mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain an olive leaf slurry for later use;

[0035] (2) adding 5% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry of white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, and then inoculating 0.15% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and fermenting for 35 hours to obtain a fermented slurry for use;

[0036] (3) Drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain the olive leaf fermented material as auxiliary material A.

[0037] 1.2. Auxiliary material B:

[0038] (1) drying corn stalks at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dry stalks, adding water to the dry stalks at a material-liquid mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain stalk slurry for later use;

[0039] (2) adding 5% of the total weight of the straw slurry to the white sugar, and then inoculating 0.15% of the total weight of the straw slurry with acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and fermenting for 35 hours to obtain the fermented slurry for later use;

[0040] (3) Drying the fermented slurry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10% to obtain the straw fermented material as auxiliary material B.

[0041] 1.3. Auxiliary material C:

[0042] (1) drying the olive leaves at 60-70° C. to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, and grinding the dried olive leaves with water at a material-liquid mass ratio of 1:4 to obtain an olive leaf slurry for later use;

[0043] (2) Add 5% of the total mass of white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, mix and stir evenly, and then dry at 30-50° C. to a moisture content of ≤10%, to obtain an olive leaf extract as auxiliary material C.

[0044] 2. Configuration of seedling medium:

[0045] Refer to Table 1 below to configure different seedling substrates:

[0046] Table 1

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] The above organic fertilizers are chicken manure fertilizers, and the seedling substrate is sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation for 2.5 hours after compounding to obtain the sterilized substrate in each group.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] Phyllanthus emblica seedling cultivation:

[0052] (1) Select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, soak them in sodium chloride solutions with mass concentrations of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 25 minutes, then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0053] (2) Setting up a sealed box, laying moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing for 22 hours at a temperature of 20-25°C. Then, opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25°C and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, and germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0054] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized seedling medium, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter at this time is about 2 cm).

[0055] Referring to the above seedling cultivation method, different experimental groups were set up according to the seedling cultivation medium in Table 2 below:

[0056] Table 2

[0057] Group Experimental Group 1 Experimental Group 2 Experimental Group 3 Experimental Group 4 Experimental Group 5 Seedling medium Matrix 1 Matrix 2 Matrix 3 Matrix 4 Matrix 5

[0058] Comparative Example 1:

[0059] Phyllanthus emblica seedling cultivation:

[0060] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, soaking them in a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 0.9% for 75 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0061] (2) Setting up a sealed box, laying moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing for 22 hours at a temperature of 20-25°C. Then, opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25°C and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, and germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0062] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0063] Comparative Example 2:

[0064] Phyllanthus emblica seedling cultivation:

[0065] (1) Select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, soak them in a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 2% for 75 minutes, and then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for use;

[0066] (2) Setting up a sealed box, laying moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing for 22 hours at a temperature of 20-25°C. Then, opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25°C and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, and germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0067] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0068] Comparative Example 3:

[0069] Phyllanthus emblica seedling cultivation:

[0070] (1) Selecting emblica seeds, blanching them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, soaking them in a 5% sodium chloride solution for 75 minutes, and then taking them out and rinsing them to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0071] (2) Setting up a sealed box, laying moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, replacing the air in the sealed box with carbon dioxide, and then standing for 22 hours at a temperature of 20-25°C. Then, opening the sealed box, controlling the temperature at 20-25°C and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, and germinating the seeds in the dark until they turn white, obtaining the white seeds for later use;

[0072] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0073] Comparative Example 4:

[0074] Phyllanthus emblica seedling cultivation:

[0075] (1) Select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water for 5-8 seconds, soak them in sodium chloride solutions with mass concentrations of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 25 minutes, then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;

[0076] (2) Setting up a sealed box, laying moistened filter paper on the bottom of the plastic box, and then placing the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, controlling the temperature at 20-25°C and the relative humidity at 85%-95%, and accelerating germination under dark conditions until the seeds turn white, and obtaining the white seeds for standby use;

[0077] (3) Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized substrate 1, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot (generally, the ground diameter is about 2 cm at this time).

[0078] Detection:

[0079] The same batch of emblica seeds were selected and seedlings were cultivated according to the methods of the experimental groups 1-5 and comparative examples 1-4. When sowing, the method of greenhouse pot sowing was adopted, that is, the substrate was placed in a planting pot with a height of 15 cm and a diameter of 16 cm, and then 2 white seeds were sown in each pot. The temperature of the greenhouse was controlled at 25±2°C.

[0080] 1. The germination rates of the white seeds in each group were tested 10 days, 15 days, 20 days and 25 days after sowing. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0081] Table 3

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from the table above, experimental groups 1-5 all had a high germination rate at 10 days after sowing, and the seedlings were basically all emerged at 15 days, and all the seedlings had emerged at 20 days. The germination of experimental group 1 at 25 days after sowing was as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in Comparative Example 1, only a single sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.9% was used to soak the seeds, and the early emergence rate was low, but it did not affect the subsequent overall emergence rate. In Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, long-term soaking treatment with a higher concentration of sodium chloride solution affected the early emergence rate, and even caused a significant decrease in the emergence rate, and to a certain extent delayed the emergence. In Comparative Example 4, carbon dioxide treatment was omitted, which greatly reduced the early emergence rate, but did not affect the overall emergence.

[0085] 2. The height of each group of emblica was measured 30 days, 60 days and 90 days after sowing (5 plants were randomly selected for measurement and the average value was taken). The specific results are shown in Table 4 below:

[0086] Table 4

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] As can be seen from the table above, the emblica seeds sown in experimental groups 1 and 2 have good growth conditions. The growth conditions of the seedlings of experimental group 1 after 60 days and 90 days of sowing are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0090] 3. Select the 90-day-old Phyllanthus emblica seedlings from each group, harden them outdoors for 2 days, and transplant them to outdoor fields (200 plants per group). Manage them normally and observe and record the survival rate of the seedlings in each group 2 months, 4 months, and 8 months after transplanting. The matrix results are shown in Table 5 below:

[0091] Table 5

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from the table above, experimental groups 1 and 2 have higher survival rates, and the transplanted seedlings in experimental group 1 are Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the growth of the plants 8 months after transplanting is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0094] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating emblica seedlings, characterized in that: The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1, seed pretreatment: select emblica seeds, blanch them in boiling water, soak them in sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 0.9%, 2%, and 5% for 20-30 minutes, then take them out and rinse them clean to obtain pretreated seeds for later use; S2, seed germination treatment: set up a sealed box, lay moistened filter paper at the bottom of the sealed box, then place the pretreated seeds on the filter paper, use carbon dioxide to replace the air in the sealed box, and then let it stand for 20-24 hours. Then open the sealed box and germinate until the seeds turn white. The white seeds are obtained for standby use; S3. Setting of a seedling culture medium: garden soil, organic fertilizer, olive leaf fermentation material, and coconut shell powder are mixed in a mass ratio of 5-7:2-3:1:1 to obtain a seedling culture medium, and the olive leaf fermentation material is prepared by fermenting olives with acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) drying the olive leaves at 60-70°C to a moisture content of ≤15% to obtain dried olive leaves, adding water to the dried olive leaves and grinding them to obtain olive leaf slurry for later use; (2) Adding white sugar to the olive leaf slurry, and then inoculating acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, fermenting for 30-40 hours to obtain the fermented slurry for use; (3) Dry the fermented slurry at 30-50°C until the moisture content is ≤10% to obtain olive leaf fermented material. S4. Sowing: Sow the above-mentioned white seeds in a seedling bag or pot filled with a sterilized seedling medium, irrigate with clean water, and water once every 7-10 days after the seedlings emerge; and cut off the roots of the seedlings in time after they grow through the bag / pot.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: The blanching time in step S1 is 5-8 seconds.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: The temperature of the static treatment in step S2 is 20-25°C.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: The method of accelerating germination until the seeds turn white in step S2 is to perform dark germination at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a relative humidity of 85%-95%.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: In the step (1), the mass ratio of the dried olive leaves to the water-liquid grinding is 1:3-5.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: The amount of white sugar added in step (2) is 4%-6% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (2), the inoculation amount of acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria is 0.1-0.2% of the total mass of the olive leaf slurry.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: The method for obtaining the sterilized seedling culture medium in step S4 is to spread the seedling culture medium flat and sterilize it by ultraviolet irradiation for 2-3 hours.

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