Artificial fishing reef capable of automatically discharging sediment

Abstract

The invention discloses a sediment self-discharging type artificial fishing reef, and relates to the technical field of marine ecological environment restoration. The sediment self-discharging type artificial fishing reef comprises a main reef part, an auxiliary reef part and a base part, the main reef part, the auxiliary reef part and the base part are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, the main reef part comprises multiple layers of sheltering channels, the auxiliary reef part comprises an upper layer of flow channel and a lower layer of flow channel, and the orientations of the upper layer of flow channel and the lower layer of flow channel are perpendicular to each other; the flow channel comprises an inlet section, a contraction section and an outlet section, the longitudinal section of the inlet section and the longitudinal section of the outlet section are isosceles trapezoids, the longitudinal section of the contraction section is rectangular, the inlet section and the outlet section are symmetrical about the contraction section, the inlet section is narrow inside and wide outside, and the outlet section is narrow inside and wide outside; and a hole channel is formed between the main reef part and the auxiliary reef part, penetrates through the main reef part from top to bottom and is communicated with the upper and lower layers of flow channels. The device has the beneficial effect of being beneficial to discharging sediments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine ecological environment restoration, in particular to a self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef. Background Art

[0002] Artificial reefs refer to structures placed artificially in ocean waters with the aim of improving the marine ecological environment, promoting the recovery of fishery resources, protecting biodiversity and supporting sustainable fishery development.

[0003] Artificial reefs include several shelter channels or shelter holes. As fish inhabit the artificial reefs, they will excrete. Some solid particles are mixed in the excrement. In addition, some fish have the habit of swallowing fine sand or particles on the seabed. Therefore, these fine solid substances are easy to form sediments in the reefs. Over time, these sediments are easy to block the shelter holes or shelter channels, or gradually block the shelter channels at the bottom of the reef, which is not conducive to the removal of sediments. Reduce the actual use effect of the reef and shorten its service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef, which is used to solve the problem that the fishing reefs in the prior art are not conducive to sediment removal.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef comprises a main reef portion, a secondary reef portion and a base portion, wherein the main reef portion, the secondary reef portion and the base portion are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the main reef portion comprises a multi-layer shelter channel, the secondary reef portion comprises an upper and lower layer of flow channels, and the directions of the upper and lower layers of the flow channels are perpendicular to each other; The flow channel comprises an inlet section, a contraction section and an outlet section, the longitudinal sections of the inlet section and the outlet section are isosceles trapezoidal, the longitudinal section of the contraction section is rectangular, the inlet section and the outlet section are symmetrical about the contraction section, the inlet section is narrow inside and wide outside, and the outlet section is narrow inside and wide outside; A channel is provided between the main reef portion and the auxiliary reef portion, and the channel penetrates the main reef portion from top to bottom and connects the upper and lower layers of the flow channels.

[0006] The beneficial effect is that the structure of the present invention is conducive to the discharge of sediments in the shelter channel. The principle of the present invention being conducive to the discharge of sediments in the shelter channel is that when the ocean current flows in from the inlet section of the flow channel, passes through the contraction section and then flows out from the outlet section, the area of ​​the cross section of the flow channel changes from gradually decreasing → flowing through the contraction section → gradually increasing, so the water flow velocity flowing through the contraction section is increased, and this increased water flow velocity will make the pressure of the contraction section lower than the pressure of the shelter channel, which is conducive to the shelter channel to generate a water flow from the shelter channel to the flow channel, and this water flow direction is conducive to the discharge of sediments. And then it is conducive to improving the service life of the fishing reef. At the same time, the increase in the flow velocity of the flow channel is also conducive to the discharge of sediments in the flow channel, reducing the risk of sediment accumulation in the flow channel and then blocking the shelter channel upward. The directions of the upper and lower layers of the flow channel are perpendicular to each other. In this way, as long as the present invention is placed vertically on the seabed, no matter which direction the ocean current comes from in the four directions of the fishing reef, it can flow through at least one flow channel.

[0007] Furthermore, each shelter channel comprises two channel bottom surfaces, the two channel bottom surfaces are higher on the outside and lower on the inside, the two channel bottom surfaces in the same shelter channel are symmetrically arranged, and the hole passes through the lower side of the channel bottom surface.

[0008] The advantage is that the sediment in the shelter channel is discharged by its own weight.

[0009] Furthermore, the included angle between the bottom surfaces of two channels in the same shelter channel is 165° to 175°.

[0010] Its advantages are: it is conducive to the discharge of sediments while ensuring the number of sheltered channels on the main reef.

[0011] Furthermore, the main reef is in the shape of a cuboid, the shelter passage runs through two opposite sides of the main reef, and the shelter passage is provided with windows on the other two opposite sides of the main reef, respectively, and the windows are in a rectangular shape.

[0012] The advantage is that it is convenient for fish to enter the shelter channel from four directions.

[0013] Furthermore, a pull rope is provided in the channel, and the pull rope passes through the channel from the lower layer upwardly through the channel and out of the main reef part, and the end of the pull rope is connected to a float.

[0014] The advantages are: because the seawater is flowing and even sways up and down under the action of waves, the float will sway in the seawater. At the same time, because the float is affected by buoyancy, the pull rope is always "tightened". This shaking causes the pull rope to "stir" in the channel. This stirring helps reduce the risk of the channel being blocked by some water plants or other types of "flocculents", and thus helps to ensure the smoothness of the channel. The stirring cooperates with the direction of water flow from the channel to the flow channel, which has a good anti-blocking effect.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of auxiliary rings are arranged on the float, and each auxiliary ring is distributed around the float, and a ring channel is arranged between the auxiliary ring and the float.

[0016] The advantages are: first, it can provide a certain amount of shelter for small marine animals; second, it is conducive to increasing the probability of the buoy being collided or entangled by marine organisms, which is conducive to improving the cleaning effect of the channel.

[0017] Furthermore, a shaking plate and a plurality of limiting ropes are provided in the flow channel located at the lower layer; In the flow channel located at the lower layer, one end of the limiting rope is connected to one side of the contraction section, the other end of the limiting rope is connected to the other side of the contraction section, the length of the limiting rope is greater than the width of the contraction section, and the shaking plate is connected to each of the limiting ropes; The pull rope is connected to each limiting rope so that the pull rope can pull the limiting rope to swing.

[0018] Its advantage is that when the buoy shakes in the sea water, the position of the end of the pull rope also changes (the rise and fall is most obvious, and is also accompanied by certain changes in the front, back, left and right positions). This change process causes the shaking plate to shake dynamically in the lower flow channel. This shaking is also accompanied by changes in the degree of inclination of the shaking plate in the sea water. In this way, this "shaking" can essentially play a role similar to the "blades" of a pump, which is beneficial for seawater to enter and discharge from the lower flow channel, which can avoid the accumulation of sediment in the lower flow channel and greatly improve the discharge capacity of the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, the shaking plate is provided with a plurality of sleeve holes, and the sleeve holes penetrate the shaking plate along the width of the shaking plate; The limiting rope passes through the sleeve hole to be connected to the shaking plate.

[0020] The advantage is that the shaking plate and the limiting rope can slide relative to each other. This relative sliding increases the sliding range of the shaking plate in the lower flow channel and improves the "water changing" capacity of the lower flow channel.

[0021] Furthermore, a cross bar is provided at the lower end of the pull rope, and the cross bar is located in the flow channel of the lower layer. A plurality of rope threading rings are provided on the cross bar, and the limiting rope passes through the rope threading rings to establish a connection with the pull rope.

[0022] Its advantages are: the crossbar has a certain pulling ability for the limit rope, and has a certain relative movement ability relative to the limit rope. This relative movement ability is conducive to dynamically adjusting the direction and inclination angle of the limit rope. Changes in the direction and inclination angle of the limit rope will cause changes in the posture of the limit plate, thereby improving the water exchange capacity of the lower flow channel. Furthermore, the shaking plates are arranged on both sides of the cross bar.

[0023] The advantage is that the inclination angles of the parts of the limit rope on both sides of the crossbar change differently. This difference is conducive to the water flow having a certain left and right shaking effect in the lower flow channel, and this left and right shaking effect is conducive to improving the self-cleaning effect of the lower flow channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of implementation mode 1 of the self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view of Figure 3 for Figure 1 The main view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA cross-sectional diagram of ; Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB cross-sectional diagram; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of CC cross section; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second implementation mode of the self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef; Figure 8 for Figure 7 An enlarged view of part D in FIG. Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a shaking board; In the figure: 1 main reef part, 2 auxiliary reef part, 21 upper flow channel, 211 lower flow channel, 212 inlet section, 213 contraction section, 214 outlet section, 215 bottom nose, 216 limit rope, 3 base part, 4 shelter channel, 41 channel bottom surface, 42 window, 5 channel, 6 pull rope, 61 float, 62 auxiliary ring, 7 shaking plate, 71 sleeve hole, 8 cross bar, 81 rope ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Implementation Method 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef includes a main reef part 1, a secondary reef part 2 and a base part 3. The main reef part 1, the secondary reef part 2 and the base part 3 can be processed into an integrated structure using concrete. Among them, the weight of the base part 3 is greater than the sum of the weights of the main reef part 1 and the secondary reef part 2 to minimize the center of gravity of the present invention. The main reef part 1, the secondary reef part 2 and the base part 3 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The main reef part 1 includes a multi-layer shelter channel 4, and the secondary reef part 2 includes an upper and lower layer of flow channels. The directions of the upper and lower layers of flow channels are perpendicular to each other. For the convenience of description, the flow channel located in the upper layer is called the upper layer flow channel 21, and the flow channel located in the lower layer is called the lower layer flow channel 211.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the flow channel is described by taking the lower layer flow channel 211 as an example. The lower layer flow channel 211 includes an inlet section 212, a contraction section 213 and an outlet section 214. With reference to the direction of the water flow that flows in from the inlet section 212, flows through the flow channel and then flows out from the outlet section 214, the section parallel to the water flow direction is called the longitudinal section, and the section perpendicular to it is called the cross section. The longitudinal sections of the inlet section 212 and the outlet section 214 are isosceles trapezoids, and the longitudinal section of the contraction section 213 is rectangular. The inlet section 212 and the outlet section 214 are symmetrical about the contraction section 213. The part of the inlet section 212 close to the contraction section 213 is defined as the "inner", and the part of the inlet section 212 away from the contraction section 213 is defined as the "outer", and the inlet section 212 is narrow inside and wide outside; the part of the outlet section 214 close to the contraction section 213 is defined as the "inner", and the part of the outlet section 214 away from the contraction section 213 is defined as the "outer", and the outlet section 214 is narrow inside and wide outside.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a channel 5 is provided between the main reef portion 1 and the secondary reef portion 2, and the channel 5 penetrates the main reef portion 1 from top to bottom and connects the upper and lower layers of flow channels.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, when the present invention is used, it needs to be placed on the seabed, and is particularly suitable for some sea areas where there are ocean currents on the seabed. The structure of the present invention is conducive to the discharge of sediments in the shelter channel 4. The principle of the present invention being conducive to the discharge of sediments in the shelter channel 4 is that when the ocean current flows in from the inlet section 212 of the flow channel, passes through the contraction section 213 and then flows out from the outlet section 214, the area of ​​the cross section of the flow channel changes from gradually decreasing → flowing through the contraction section 213 → then gradually increasing, so the water flow velocity flowing through the contraction section is increased, and this increased water flow velocity will make the pressure of the contraction section 213 lower than the pressure of the shelter channel 4, which is conducive to the shelter channel 4 to generate a water flow from the shelter channel 4 to the flow channel, and this water flow direction is conducive to the discharge of sediments. And then it is conducive to improving the service life of the fishing reef. At the same time, the increase in the flow velocity of the flow channel is also conducive to the discharge of sediments in the flow channel, reducing the risk of sediment accumulation in the flow channel and then blocking the shelter channel upward. The directions of the upper and lower flow channels are perpendicular to each other, so that as long as the present invention is placed vertically on the seabed, no matter which direction the ocean current comes from in the four directions of the fishing reef, it can flow through at least one flow channel.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, each shelter channel 4 includes two channel bottom surfaces 41, the outer sides of the two channel bottom surfaces 41 are high and the inner sides are low, and the two channel bottom surfaces 41 in the same shelter channel 4 are symmetrically arranged. The hole passes through the lower side of the channel bottom surface 41 (the passing direction of the hole can refer to the passing direction of the pull rope 6 in the figure). This structure of the shelter channel 41 is conducive to the sediment falling on the channel bottom surface 41 to slide down under the action of its own weight, and further facilitates the discharge of the sediment. The angle between the two channel bottom surfaces 41 in the same shelter channel 4 is 165° to 5°, which is conducive to the sediment in the shelter channel 4 being discharged from the hole under the action of its own weight, and is also conducive to ensuring the number of shelter channels on the main reef 1.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the main reef 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the shelter channel 4 runs through two opposite sides of the main reef. The shelter channel 4 is provided with windows 42 on the other two opposite sides of the main reef, and the windows 42 are rectangular, which is conducive to fish entering the shelter channel from four directions.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a pull rope 6 is provided in the channel 5, and the pull rope 6 passes through the channel from the lower layer upward through the channel 5 and out of the main reef part 1, and the end of the pull rope 6 is connected to a float 61; a bottom nose 215 is provided at the bottom of the lower channel 211 (if the auxiliary reef part 215 is made of concrete, the root of the bottom nose 215 can be pre-buried during pouring), and the lower end of the pull rope 6 can be bolted to the bottom nose 215. Since the seawater is flowing and even shakes up and down under the action of waves, the float will shake in the seawater, and this shaking will cause the pull rope 6 to "stir" in the channel 5. This stirring is conducive to reducing the risk of the channel 5 being blocked by some water plants or other types of "flocculents", and thus is conducive to ensuring the smoothness of the channel. The stirring cooperates with the water flow direction of the channel 5 to the flow channel, which has a good anti-blocking effect.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a plurality of auxiliary rings 62 are arranged on the float 61, and each auxiliary ring 62 is distributed around the float 61, and a ring channel is arranged between the auxiliary ring 62 and the float 61. The auxiliary ring 62 can provide a certain shelter for smaller marine animals, and secondly, it can also increase the contact probability of some marine organisms (such as fish or kelp) swimming and / or flowing through it. When these marine organisms collide with or entangle with the auxiliary ring 62 (kelp), it will increase the shaking amplitude of the float 61. This is conducive to further improving the self-cleaning ability of the channel 5.

[0034] Implementation Method 2 Implementation Method 2 Compared with Implementation Method 1, Implementation Method 2 makes further improvements to the lower layer flow channel.

[0035] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a shaking plate 7 and a plurality of limiting ropes 216 are provided in the flow channel located in the lower layer. The density of the shaking plate 7 is slightly greater than the density of the seawater, so that the shaking plate 7 located in the seawater can have a tendency to sink under the action of its own weight. In the flow channel located in the lower layer, one end of the limiting rope 216 is connected to one side of the contraction section, and the other end of the limiting rope 216 is connected to the other side of the contraction section. Rope noses can be provided on the facades on both sides of the contraction section, and then used to connect the limiting ropes. The rope noses can be connected to the secondary reef part by pre-embedded or expansion screws. The length of the limiting rope 216 is greater than the width of the contraction section 213, so that the limiting rope 216 has a certain tilting ability (tilting in various dimensions) in the lower flow channel 216, and thus the shaking plate 8 has a certain degree of freedom of shaking. The shaking plate 7 is connected to each limiting rope 216. The pull rope 6 is connected to each limiting rope 216, so that the pull rope 6 can pull the limiting rope 216 to shake.

[0036] like Figures 7 and 8As shown, when the float 61 shakes in the seawater, the position of the end of the pull rope 6 also changes (the rise and fall is most obvious, and is also accompanied by certain front, back, left and right position changes). This change process causes the shaking plate to dynamically shake in the lower flow channel 211. This shaking is also accompanied by changes in the degree of inclination of the shaking plate 7 in the seawater. In this way, this "shaking" can essentially play a role similar to the "blades" of a pump, which is beneficial for seawater to enter and discharge from the lower flow channel 211, which can avoid the accumulation of sediment in the lower flow channel 211 and greatly improve the discharge capacity of the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the shaking plate 7 is provided with a plurality of sleeve holes 71, and the sleeve holes 71 penetrate the shaking plate 7 along the width of the shaking plate 7. The limit rope 216 passes through the sleeve holes 71 to connect the shaking plate 7. A cross bar 8 is provided at the lower end of the pull rope 6, and the cross bar 8 is located in the flow channel of the lower layer. The cross bar 8 is provided with a plurality of rope rings 81, and the limit rope 216 passes through the rope rings 81 to establish a connection with the pull rope 6. In this way, the cross bar 8 has a certain pulling ability for the limit rope 216, and has a certain relative movement ability relative to the limit rope 216. This relative movement ability is conducive to dynamically adjusting the direction and inclination angle of the limit rope 216. Changes in the direction and inclination angle of the limit rope 216 will cause changes in the posture of the limit plate, thereby improving the water exchange capacity of the lower flow channel.

[0038] It should be noted that the connection between the pull rope and each limit rope, in addition to the indirect connection through the cross bar as the intermediate connecting member in the present embodiment, can also be directly connected - for example, a plurality of knots are tied at the end of the pull rope, and one knot is connected to one limit rope.

[0039] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a shaking plate 7 is arranged on both sides of the cross bar 8. The inclination angle of the part of the limit rope located on both sides of the cross bar is different, which is conducive to the water flow having a certain left and right shaking effect in the lower flow channel, and this left and right shaking effect is conducive to improving the self-cleaning effect of the lower flow channel.

[0040] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the shaking plate 7 substantially enhances the flow capacity of the water flow in the lower flow channel 211. The flow of water in the lower flow channel 211, especially when it is draining water, is conducive to "sucking" additional water from the upper flow channel and the protective channel. This process enhances the overall sediment discharge capacity of the present invention.

Claims

1. Self-draining sediment type artificial reefs are characterized by: It includes a main reef part, a secondary reef part and a base part, wherein the main reef part, the secondary reef part and the base part are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the main reef part includes a multi-layer shelter channel, the secondary reef part includes an upper and lower layer of flow channels, and the directions of the upper and lower layers of the flow channels are perpendicular to each other; The flow channel comprises an inlet section, a contraction section and an outlet section, the longitudinal sections of the inlet section and the outlet section are isosceles trapezoidal, the longitudinal section of the contraction section is rectangular, the inlet section and the outlet section are symmetrical about the contraction section, the inlet section is narrow inside and wide outside, and the outlet section is narrow inside and wide outside; A channel is provided between the main reef portion and the auxiliary reef portion, and the channel penetrates the main reef portion from top to bottom and connects the upper and lower layers of the flow channels.

2. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each shelter channel comprises two channel bottom surfaces, the two channel bottom surfaces are higher on the outside and lower on the inside, the two channel bottom surfaces in the same shelter channel are symmetrically arranged, and the hole passes through the lower side of the channel bottom surface.

3. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The included angle between the bottom surfaces of the two channels in the same shelter channel is 165° to 175°.

4. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The main reef part is in the shape of a cuboid, the shelter passage runs through two opposite sides of the main reef body, and the shelter passage is provided with windows on the other two opposite sides of the main reef body, respectively, and the windows are in a rectangular shape.

5. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pull rope is arranged in the hole, and the pull rope passes through the hole from the flow channel of the lower layer and goes upward out of the main reef part, and the end of the pull rope is connected with a floating ball.

6. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The float is provided with a plurality of auxiliary rings, each of which is distributed around the float, and a ring channel is provided between the auxiliary rings and the float.

7. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The flow channel located at the lower layer is provided with a shaking plate and a plurality of limiting ropes; In the flow channel located at the lower layer, one end of the limiting rope is connected to one side of the contraction section, the other end of the limiting rope is connected to the other side of the contraction section, the length of the limiting rope is greater than the width of the contraction section, and the shaking plate is connected to each of the limiting ropes; The pull rope is connected to each limiting rope so that the pull rope can pull the limiting rope to swing.

8. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The shaking plate is provided with a plurality of sleeve holes, and the sleeve holes penetrate the shaking plate along the width of the shaking plate; The limiting rope passes through the sleeve hole to be connected to the shaking plate.

9. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A cross bar is provided at the lower end of the pull rope, and the cross bar is located in the flow channel of the lower layer. A plurality of rope threading rings are provided on the cross bar, and the limiting rope passes through the rope threading rings to establish a connection with the pull rope.

10. The self-draining sediment type artificial fishing reef according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shaking plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the cross bar.

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