A fungicide containing validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fungicides for crops, and particularly relates to a fungicide containing jinggangmycin and meliaazedarach ketone lactone and its application. By mass percentage, the fungicide is composed of the following components: 15-50% of a bactericidal composition, 1-3% of a plant-derived essential oil, and the balance being a carrier and / or auxiliary materials; the bactericidal composition is composed of jinggangmycin and meliaazedarach ketone lactone, and the mass ratio of jinggangmycin to meliaazedarach ketone lactone is 1:(0.5-3). The fungicide of the present invention has good effects in preventing and treating sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial blight of rice, can significantly improve the control effect, reduce the dosage and cost of drugs, and increase the yield of rice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fungicides for crop control, and specifically relates to a fungicide containing jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone. The present invention also relates to the application of this fungicide in the control of sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial blight of rice. Background Art

[0002] Rice is a species of the herbaceous genus Oryza, and is also the most important and oldest one among the Oryza genus as food. It is native to China and is one of the main food crops in the world. The safe production of rice is a strategic issue related to the social stability and national security of our country, and rice diseases are the main factors affecting rice yield and quality. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than a hundred kinds of rice diseases, but the more common ones are mainly rice blast, sheath blight, leaf blight and nematode diseases.

[0003] At present, the commonly used pesticide for rice control is jinggangmycin. Jinggangmycin is an antibiotic produced by actinomycetes, which has strong systemic properties, is easily absorbed by the bacterial cells and rapidly conducts inside them, interfering with and inhibiting the growth and development of the bacterial cells. It has a significant control effect on rice sheath blight, but the drug effect time is short and it needs to be used frequently, increasing the cost. Moreover, the long-term application of a single chemical agent is likely to lead to the generation and development of drug resistance, reducing the drug effect of the chemical agent. Therefore, it is necessary to screen a compound agent that not only has a synergistic effect but also can reduce the dosage and cost of the drug. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above technical problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide a fungicide containing jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone, which can significantly improve the control effect, reduce the dosage and cost of the drug, and increase the rice yield.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide the application of the fungicide containing jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone in the control of rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial blight of rice.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fungicide containing jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 15-50% of a bactericidal composition, 1-3% of a plant essential oil, and the balance is a carrier and / or auxiliary materials; the bactericidal composition is composed of jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone, and the mass ratio of jinggangmycin to toosendanin lactone is 1:(0.5-3).

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of jinggangmycin to toosendanin lactone is 1:(1-2).

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant-derived essential oil includes, but is not limited to, one or more of tea tree essential oil, lavender essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, or rosemary essential oil.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary agent includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyethylene glycol, glycerol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, ammonium sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, benzoic acid, sodium lignosulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyvinyl alcohol.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carrier includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyrate, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester, or alkyl cyanoacrylate.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 30-40% of the bactericidal composition, 2% of the plant-derived essential oil, and the balance is the carrier and / or auxiliary materials.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bactericide is a wettable powder, a suspension concentrate, or a water dispersible granule.

[0014] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the bactericide is a suspension concentrate or a wettable powder, the particle size is ≤ 3 microns.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: The application of a bactericide containing jinggangmycin and meliaazedarachinone lactone in controlling sheath blight, rice blast, and bacterial blight of rice.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the period for applying the bactericide is the rice seed treatment period or the rice growth period, the number of applications is 2-3 times, and it is sprayed once every 8-10 days.

[0017] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid concentration for each application is 200-3000 ppm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. In the bactericide containing validamycin and melianone lactone of the present invention, taking validamycin and melianone lactone as a bactericidal composition, it has a synergistic effect. Validamycin inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria by producing antibiotics, enzymes, etc., but the drug effect time is short. While melianone lactone kills germs by destroying cell membranes and inhibiting protein synthesis, and it is a natural antibacterial agent with a long drug effect time. When the two are used in combination, they can interact through different mechanisms, reduce drug resistance, further improve the disease resistance of crops, enhance the protection effect, and thus reduce the amount of pesticides used.

[0020] 2. In the bactericide containing validamycin and melianone lactone of the present invention, adding plant-derived essential oils can act as a natural synergist, which can not only regulate the absorption and metabolism of plants to enhance the drug penetration power, but also promote the growth of crops and further enhance the effects of validamycin and melianone lactone.

[0021] 3. The auxiliaries or carriers used in the bactericide containing validamycin and melianone lactone of the present invention are all environmentally friendly substances, which can improve the application efficiency and reduce environmental pollution at the same time. With the mutual cooperation of each component, the compound bactericide of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, low residue, long effective period and environmental friendliness.

[0022] 4. The application of the bactericide containing validamycin and melianone lactone of the present invention in controlling sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial blight of rice has remarkable effects, and it reduces the amount of pesticides used, saves the cost of pesticide use and increases economic benefits. Detailed implementation mode

[0023] The following combines the detailed implementation mode to further elaborate on the technical solution of the present invention, but it does not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0024] When preparing a suspension concentrate of the present invention, the carriers or auxiliaries that can be used may be dispersants selected from sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, polycarboxylate or sodium lignosulfonate; wetting agents selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates or naphthalene sulfonates; silicone defoamers; adhesives selected from polyethylene glycol and glycerol.

[0025] When preparing a wettable powder of the present invention, the carriers or auxiliaries that can be used may be dispersants selected from polycarboxylate, sodium lignosulfonate or alkyl naphthalene sulfonate; wetting agents selected from alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates or naphthalene sulfonates; carriers selected from polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyrate, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or alkyl cyanoacrylate.

[0026] When preparing the water-dispersible granules of the present invention, the carriers or auxiliaries that can be used may be dispersants selected from polycarboxylates, lignosulfonates or alkylnaphthalenesulfonates; wetting agents selected from alkyl sulfates, polyoxyethylene alcohols, alkyl sulfonates or naphthalenesulfonates; binders selected from corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose or diatomaceous earth; carriers selected from polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymers, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or alkyl cyanoacrylate.

[0027] Example 1, a fungicide suspension with a mass ratio of validamycin to melia azedarach ketone lactone of 1:0.5

[0028] Validamycin 10%, melia azedarach ketone lactone 5%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignosulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0029] Put 10% of validamycin, 5% of melia azedarach ketone lactone, 3% of plant-derived essential oil, 2% of sodium lignosulfonate, 3% of polyethylene glycol and half of the water into a stone mill according to the formula amount and grind until the particle size is less than 3 microns, then disperse it into a dispersion tank, add the remaining water and defoamer, and stir at high speed for 30 minutes to form a uniform suspension.

[0030] Example 2, a fungicide suspension with a mass ratio of validamycin to melia azedarach ketone lactone of 1:2

[0031] Validamycin 10%, melia azedarach ketone lactone 20%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignosulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0032] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0033] Example 3, a fungicide suspension with a mass ratio of validamycin to melia azedarach ketone lactone of 1:3

[0034] Validamycin 10%, melia azedarach ketone lactone 30%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignosulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0035] The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0036] Example 4, a wettable powder of fungicide with a mass ratio of validamycin to melia azedarach ketone lactone of 1:2

[0037] Validamycin 10%, melia azedarach ketone lactone 20%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignosulfonate 5%, naphthalenesulfonate 3%, and the balance is lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer.

[0038] Add each component according to the formula amount into a mixer, stir for 20 minutes, then feed the mixture into a jet mill for ultrafine grinding until the particle size is below 3 microns, and then put it into the mixer again and stir for 30 minutes to make each component evenly distributed.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] Fungicide suspension agent without toosendanin lactone

[0041] Validamycin 10%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignosulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0042] Other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0043] Comparative Example 2

[0044] Fungicide suspension agent without validamycin

[0045] Toosendanin lactone 20%, tea tree essential oil 3%, sodium lignosulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0046] Other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0047] Comparative Example 3

[0048] Fungicide suspension agent without plant-derived essential oil

[0049] Validamycin 10%, toosendanin lactone 20%, sodium lignosulfonate 2%, silicone defoamer 1%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is water.

[0050] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0051] Experimental Example 1 Determination of in vitro antibacterial activity of fungicides (Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-2) containing different mass ratios of validamycin and toosendanin lactone against Rhizoctonia solani

[0052] Rhizoctonia solani was provided by Zhejiang University and purchased from ATCC.

[0053] Test method: Refer to NY / T 1156.2-2006 "Pesticide Bioassay Guidelines for Indoor Use - Fungicides - Part 2: Test of Inhibiting Mycelial Growth of Pathogenic Fungi - Petri Dish Method".

[0054] (1) First, dissolve the technical material with dimethyl sulfoxide, and then dilute it into a single-agent stock solution; set multiple ratios, and each single-agent stock solution and the mixed agent of the ratio are set according to a certain proportion, and 5 mass concentration gradients are set for each ratio.

[0055] (2) Mix the medicaments with different concentrations with PDA medium, pour plates, and prepare culture medium plates containing different concentrations. Use a punch with a diameter of 7 mm to cut the cultured Rhizoctonia solani, the pathogen of rice sheath blight, and inoculate it onto the PDA plates containing a series of concentrations of the medicaments; use the corresponding dimethyl sulfoxide as a control, and set a blank control. Each treatment has 3 replicates, and all treatments are cultured in an incubator at a constant temperature of 28 °C.

[0056] (3) Record the results and calculate: When the diameter of the colony in the blank control grows to about 2 / 3 of the diameter of the culture dish, measure the colony diameter by the cross method and calculate the inhibition rate of mycelial growth for different treatments. Convert the inhibition rate of mycelial growth into a probit value (y), convert the medicament concentration (mg / L) into a logarithm to the base 10, and use DPS software to obtain the virulence regression equation, the effective median inhibitory concentration (EC50) and the correlation coefficient of each test medicament, and calculate the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) of the mixture according to the method of Sun Yunpei.

[0057] Inhibition rate of mycelial growth = [(colony diameter of control - diameter of agar plug) - (colony diameter of treatment - diameter of agar plug)] / (colony diameter of control - diameter of agar plug) × 100%;

[0058] Actual toxicity index (ATI) = (EC50 of standard medicament ÷ EC50 of test medicament) × 100;

[0059] Theoretical toxicity index (TTI) = toxicity index of agent A × percentage content of A in the mixture + toxicity index of agent B × percentage content of B in the mixture;

[0060] Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = [actual toxicity index (ATI) of mixture ÷ theoretical toxicity index (TTI) of mixture] × 100.

[0061] According to the classification standard of joint action: co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) ≥ 120 indicates synergistic effect; co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) ≤ 80 indicates antagonistic effect; 80 < co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) < 120 indicates additive effect. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1 Indoor biological activities of fungicides with different mass ratios of jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone against Rhizoctonia solani

[0063]

[0064] As can be seen from Table 1, the EC 50 of jinggangmycin and toosendanin lactone against Rhizoctonia solani of rice sheath blight are 28.37 mg / L and 69.15 mg / L respectively. When the mass ratio of jinggangmycin to toosendanin lactone is 1:(0.5 - 3), the co-toxicity coefficient is greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect.

[0065] Experimental Example 2 Field Test on Controlling Sheath Blight, Rice Blast and Bacterial Blight of Rice

[0066] Taking the fungicide suspension concentrate containing 10% validamycin and 20% toosendanin lactone in Example 2, the wettable powder in Example 4, and Comparative Examples 1 - 3 as examples, a field test was carried out to test their control effects on sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial blight of rice. The test was conducted at the rice test base in Fuyang District, Zhejiang Province. The test variety was a hybrid rice variety. There were 4 replicates for each treatment, and the area of each replicate was 4 square meters. 5 hill points were investigated along the two diagonals in each plot, and all the leaves of all rice plants in each hill point were surveyed to count the disease occurrence.

[0067] The disease incidence was recorded by the grading method, and the grading criteria are as follows:

[0068] Grade 0: Disease - free;

[0069] Grade 1: The area of the disease spot heap accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area;

[0070] Grade 3: The area of the disease spot heap accounts for 6% - 10% of the whole leaf area;

[0071] Grade 5: The area of the disease spot heap accounts for 11% - 20% of the whole leaf area;

[0072] Grade 7: The area of the disease spot heap accounts for 21% - 50% of the whole leaf area;

[0073] Grade 9: The area of the disease spot heap accounts for more than 50% of the whole leaf area.

[0074] Calculation method of control effect

[0075] Diseased leaf rate (%) = Number of diseased leaves / Total number of surveyed leaves × 100%

[0076] Disease index = ∑(Number of diseased leaves at each level × Relative level value) / (Total number of surveyed leaves × 9) × 100

[0077] Control effect (%) = [1 - (Disease index before treatment in blank control area × Disease index after treatment in treatment area) / (Disease index after treatment in blank control area × Disease index before treatment in treatment area)] × 100%.

[0078]

[0079] The control effects 7 days after the first application and 7 days after the second application were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Tables 2 - 4; then, the disease index was measured 7 days, 14 days and 30 days after the second application of the fungicide for controlling sheath blight of rice, and the drug efficacy was calculated. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0080] Table 2 Statistical Table of Field Efficacy Test Results of the Fungicide in Example 2 for Controlling Sheath Blight of Rice

[0081]

[0082] As can be seen from Table 2, the fungicide prepared from validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone in a ratio of 1:2 has significantly higher control efficacy against sheath blight of rice than the single agents of validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone, and there is a synergistic effect between them in controlling sheath blight of rice; the fungicide without plant essential oil (Comparative Example 3) can only reach the theoretical value of Example 2. It can be seen that plant essential oil is a good synergist and has a promoting effect on the compound composition of validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone.

[0083] Table 3 Statistical table of field efficacy test results of the fungicide in Example 2 against rice blast

[0084]

[0085] As can be seen from Table 3, the fungicide prepared from validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone in a ratio of 1:2 has significantly higher control efficacy against rice blast than the single agents of validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone, and there is a synergistic effect between them in controlling rice blast; the control efficacy of the fungicide without plant essential oil (Comparative Example 3) is lower than that of Example 2, which also proves that plant essential oil is a good synergist and has a promoting effect on the compound composition of validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone.

[0086] Table 4 Statistical table of field efficacy test results of the fungicide in Example 4 against bacterial blight of rice

[0087]

[0088] As can be seen from Table 4, the fungicide prepared from validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone in a ratio of 1:2 has significantly higher control efficacy against bacterial blight of rice than the single agents of validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone, and there is a synergistic effect between them in controlling bacterial blight of rice; the control efficacy of the fungicide without plant essential oil (Comparative Example 3) is also relatively good, but it is not as good as that of Example 4. The wettable powder fungicide also has a good control effect on rice, and plant essential oil has a good synergistic effect on the compound composition of validamycin and melia azedarach ketone lactone.

[0089] Table 5 Comparison table of control effects against sheath blight of rice

[0090]

[0091] As can be seen from Table 5, the bactericidal composition provided by the present invention can greatly improve the drug efficacy. According to the description of Example 2, when the mass ratio of validamycin to melia azedarach ketone lactone is 1:2, the 7-day control efficacy against sheath blight of rice is 93.74%, the 14-day control efficacy is 90.05%, and the 30-day control efficacy is 86.94%. The control efficacy is high and the long-lasting period is long.

[0092] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement methods and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fungicide containing jinggangmycin and neem terpene lactone, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 15-50% of a fungicide composition, 1-3% of tea tree essential oil, and the remainder being a carrier; the fungicide composition is composed of validamycin and azadirachtin lactone, and the mass ratio of validamycin to azadirachtin lactone is 1:(1-2); the fungicide is used for preventing and controlling rice sheath blight, rice blast and bacterial leaf blight.

2. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier includes one or more of polyglycolic acid, lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polylactide, polycaprolactone, polyorthoester or polyalkyl cyanoacrylate.

3. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bactericide is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 30-40% of the bactericidal composition, 2% of tea tree essential oil, and the remainder is a carrier and / or an auxiliary material.

4. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fungicide is a wettable powder, a suspension, a microemulsion or a water-dispersible granule.

5. A fungicide containing validamycin and azadirachtin according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the fungicide is a suspension concentrate or a wettable powder, the particle size is ≤3 microns.

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