A pesticide composition for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of pesticide composition for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot and preparation method and application thereof, belong to the technical field of pesticide, pesticide composition is composed of triazole compound and traditional Chinese medicine extract, the weight ratio of triazole compound and traditional Chinese medicine extract is 1:50-120;The traditional Chinese medicine extract is Sargassum fusiforme, earth, dandelion, pepper and liquorice water extract, wherein the weight ratio of Sargassum fusiforme, earth, dandelion, pepper and liquorice is 1-5:15-25:8-15:8-20:1-5.The pesticide composition of the application uses the compounding of plant extract and triazole compound, can significantly reduce the dosage of triazole compound, good safety, reduces the negative influence caused by pesticide to environment and grain crop quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wheat sharp eyespot is a soil-borne fungal disease mainly caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis, which occurs widely and is a common disease in wheat areas, causing serious harm to the growth and yield of wheat. Wheat can be infected by sharp eyespot from germination to the jointing and heading stages. Sharp eyespot not only infects wheat, but also harms other food crops such as corn and rice. Chemical control is the main means for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot due to its rapid effect and low control cost, and the commonly used chemical agents include triazoles such as tebuconazole, triadimenol and triadimefon. However, unreasonable use of chemical pesticides can seriously affect the environment and the quality of food crops, and is prone to drug resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and develop efficient, low-toxic, low-residue and pollution-free pesticide products.

[0003] CN112772680A discloses a fungicidal composition containing psoralea seed extract and epoxiconazole, the active ingredients of which are composed of psoralea seed extract and epoxiconazole, and the weight ratio of psoralea seed extract to epoxiconazole in the composition is 80:1-1:80, and the total weight percentage of psoralea seed extract and epoxiconazole in the composition is 1%-85%; the fungicidal composition has excellent control effect on plant fungal diseases such as sharp eyespot, rice blast, powdery mildew, rot disease, damping-off disease, scab disease, late blight and anthracnose.

[0004] CN115005237A discloses a tebuconazole compound fungicidal composition, the mass ratio of tebuconazole to traditional Chinese medicine extract in the fungicidal composition is 1-3:20-30; the traditional Chinese medicine extract is prepared from the following weight parts of traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: 5-15 parts of prunella vulgaris, 5-15 parts of lithospermum, and 5-15 parts of clove. The fungicidal composition has strong inhibitory effect on wheat sharp eyespot fungus, and the control effect on field wheat sharp eyespot can reach more than 97%.

[0005] Compared with chemical pesticides, biological pesticides have the advantages of strong selectivity, safety to humans and animals, little impact on ecological environment, and no resistance of harmful organisms. Chemical pesticides and biological pesticides can produce synergistic effect within a certain range, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and reduce the impact of pesticides on the environment and the quality of food crops. At present, there are few studies on the combination of chemical pesticides and biological pesticides, and it is necessary to find a low-cost, high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticide composition for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a pesticide composition for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, a preparation method and application thereof, which can effectively inhibit wheat sharp eyespot and reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, thereby ensuring the drug efficacy and saving the cost.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the technical scheme as follows:

[0008] In the first aspect, the present application provides a pesticide composition for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, which is composed of a triazole compound and a traditional Chinese medicine extract.

[0009] The weight ratio of the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract in the present application is 1:50-120, preferably 1:70-110, further preferably 1:90-110, and more preferably 1:100-110.

[0010] The traditional Chinese medicine extract in the present application is a water extract of Sargassum fusiforme, Euryale ferox, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Preferably, the weight ratio of Sargassum fusiforme, Euryale ferox, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis is 1-5:15-25:8-15:8-20:1-5, further preferably 3-5:20-25:10-13:15-18:2-4, and more preferably 4:25:12:15:3.

[0011] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: Sargassum fusiforme, Euryale ferox, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, then water is added for decoction and filtration to obtain supernatant; cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch are added into the supernatant and mixed uniformly, and then dried to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract.

[0012] Preferably, the weight ratio of the supernatant, cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch is 10-20:0.1-0.5:30-50, further preferably 12-15:0.2-0.4:35-40, and more preferably 14-15:0.3-0.4:38-40.

[0013] Preferably, the added amount of water is 8-15 times, and further preferably 10-12 times, the total weight of Sargassum fusiforme, Euryale ferox, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0014] Preferably, the decoction time is 0.5-2h, and further preferably 1-1.5h.

[0015] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: Sargassum fusiforme, Euryale ferox, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, then water is added for decoction at a weight of 8-15 times the above-mentioned raw materials, and then filtered for 0.5-2h to obtain supernatant; cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch are added into the supernatant and mixed uniformly, and then dried to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract.

[0016] In some embodiments, the triazole compound is at least one of Tebuconazole, Triadimenol and Triadimefon; preferably Tebuconazole and / or Triadimenol.

[0017] In the second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned pesticide composition, comprising the step of mixing the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract in a formula amount.

[0018] In the third aspect, the application provides an application of the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine extract in the preparation of a triazole compound pesticide.

[0019] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract is 1:50-120; preferably 1:70-110; further preferably 1:90-110; and more preferably 1:100-110.

[0020] Preferably, the triazole compound is at least one of Tebuconazole, Triadimenol and Triadimefon; and further preferably Tebuconazole and / or Triadimenol.

[0021] In the fourth aspect, the application further provides a pesticide preparation for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, comprising the above-mentioned pesticide composition.

[0022] In the fifth aspect, the application further provides an application of the above-mentioned pesticide composition or pesticide preparation in preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot.

[0023] The wheat variety in the application is Jimai 22, Shannong 20, Luyuan 502, Yannong 1212, Liangxing 66, Shannong 28, Jimai 44, Shannong 29, Lumei 21, Qingyan 126 or Qingnong No. 2.

[0024] In the sixth aspect, the application provides a method for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, comprising the step of spraying the wheat with an aqueous solution of the above-mentioned pesticide composition or pesticide preparation.

[0025] The application has the following technical effects:

[0026] (1) The traditional Chinese medicine extract in the application uses Sargassum fusiforme, Echinochloa fruticulus, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis as raw materials, and contains multiple effective components in the water extract, has good bactericidal and fungistatic effects, and can effectively inhibit wheat sharp eyespot fungus by utilizing the cooperation between the effective substances in the components.

[0027] (2) Compared with the prior art, the application can significantly reduce the amount of triazole compound, ensure the drug efficacy and save costs.

[0028] (3) The pesticide composition of the present application uses the compounding of plant extracts and triazole compounds, which can significantly reduce the use amount of triazole compounds, has good safety, and reduces the negative effects of pesticides on the environment and the quality of food crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Other advantages and benefits of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the disclosure herein. The present application can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

[0030] Before further description of the present application, it should be understood that the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific specific embodiments described below; it should also be understood that the terminology used in the present application is intended to describe particular specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0031] When the embodiments give numerical ranges, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified by the present application, both endpoints of each numerical range and any number between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0032] It is worth noting that the raw materials in the present application are ordinary commercially available products, and therefore their sources are not specifically limited.

[0033] Example 1 Pesticide composition

[0034] Table 1 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Example 1

[0035] Raw material Example 1 (parts by weight) Tebuconazole 1 Chinese medicine extract 100

[0036] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0037] (1) 4 parts of Sargassum fusiforme, 25 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 12 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, 15 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 3 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, then 12 times the weight of water is added and boiled for 1 h, and then filtered to obtain the supernatant;

[0038] (2) Cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch are added to the supernatant in a weight ratio of 14:0.3:40, mixed uniformly, and dried to obtain the product.

[0039] The preparation method of the pesticide composition is as follows: the tebuconazole and the traditional Chinese medicine extract are mixed uniformly according to the formulation amount.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Table 2 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Example 2

[0042] Raw material Example 1 (parts by weight) Tebuconazole 1 Chinese medicine extract 50

[0043] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0044] (1) 1 part of Sargassum fusiforme, 15 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 8 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, 8 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 1 part of Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, and then 8 times the weight of water of the above-mentioned raw materials is added for decocting for 0.5 h, and then filtered to obtain supernatant;

[0045] (2) According to the weight ratio of 10:0.1:30, the supernatant is mixed with cyclodextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch uniformly, and then dried to obtain the product.

[0046] The preparation method of the pesticide composition is the same as that of Example 1.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Table 3 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Example 3

[0049] Raw material Example 1 (parts by weight) Tebuconazole 1 Chinese medicine extract 120

[0050] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0051] (1) 5 parts of Sargassum fusiforme, 25 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 15 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, 20 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 5 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, and then 15 times the weight of water of the above-mentioned raw materials is added for decocting for 2 h, and then filtered to obtain supernatant;

[0052] (2) According to the weight ratio of 20:0.5:50, the supernatant is mixed with cyclodextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch uniformly, and then dried to obtain the product.

[0053] The preparation method of the pesticide composition is the same as that of Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] Table 4 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Comparative Example 1

[0056] Raw material Example 1 (parts by weight) Tebuconazole 1 Chinese medicine extract 100

[0057] The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0058] (1) 10 parts of Sargassum fusiforme, 12 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 25 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, 5 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 7 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, and then 12 times the weight of water of the above-mentioned raw materials is added for decocting for 1 h, and then filtered to obtain supernatant;

[0059] (2) According to the weight ratio of 14:0.3:40, the supernatant is mixed with cyclodextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch uniformly, and then dried to obtain the product.

[0060] The method for preparing the pesticide composition is the same as that in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] Table 5 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Comparative Example 2

[0063] Raw material Example 1 (parts by weight) Tebuconazole 1 Chinese medicine extract 100

[0064] The method for preparing the Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0065] (1) 4 parts of Sargassum fusiforme, 30 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 5 parts of dandelion, 17 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 3 parts of licorice are mixed, and then 12 times the weight of water of the above-mentioned raw materials is added to decoct for 1 h, and then filtered to obtain supernatant;

[0066] (2) According to the weight ratio of 14:0.3:40, cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch are added to the supernatant and uniformly mixed, and then dried to obtain the product.

[0067] The method for preparing the pesticide composition is the same as that in Example 1.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] Table 6 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Comparative Example 3

[0070] Raw material Example 1 (parts by weight) Tebuconazole 1 Chinese medicine extract 130

[0071] The method for preparing the Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0072] (1) 4 parts of Sargassum fusiforme, 25 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 12 parts of dandelion, 15 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 3 parts of licorice are mixed, and then 12 times the weight of water of the above-mentioned raw materials is added to decoct for 1 h, and then filtered to obtain supernatant;

[0073] (2) According to the weight ratio of 14:0.3:40, cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch are added to the supernatant and uniformly mixed, and then dried to obtain the product.

[0074] The method for preparing the pesticide composition is the same as that in Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 4

[0076] Table 7 Formulation of the pesticide composition of Comparative Example 4

[0077] Pesticide composition Inhibition rate (%) Example 1 1 Example 2 45

[0078] The method for preparing the Chinese medicine extract is as follows:

[0079] (1) 4 parts of Sargassum fusiforme, 25 parts of Speranskia tuberculata, 12 parts of dandelion, 15 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and 3 parts of licorice are mixed, and then 12 times the weight of water of the above-mentioned raw materials is added to decoct for 1 h, and then filtered to obtain supernatant;

[0080] (2) 14:0.3:40 by weight ratio, the supernatant was added to the mixture of cyclic dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch, and then mixed evenly and dried to obtain the product.

[0081] The method for preparing the pesticide composition is the same as that in Example 1.

[0082] I. Test of antibacterial activity

[0083] The in vitro antibacterial activity evaluation was performed by using the mycelium growth rate method. The wheat sharp eyespot pathogen (Rhizoctonia cerealis, provided by Qingdao Agricultural University) was activated on a PDA plate, and a 5 mm diameter fungus cake was taken from the edge of the colony. The pesticide composition was configured into a PDA medium containing the pesticide composition at a concentration of 50 μg / L, and the PDA medium without the pesticide composition was a blank medium. 10 mL of PDA medium containing the pesticide composition and the blank medium were poured into the culture dishes, respectively, and the culture dishes containing the pesticide composition and the blank medium were prepared. The fungus cake was placed in the center of the culture dish containing the pesticide composition and the blank medium, respectively, and incubated at 25°C until the fungus in the blank culture dish grew to the edge of the culture dish. The colony diameter was measured by using the cross method, and the inhibition rate of the pesticide composition on the mycelium growth was calculated. The formula for calculating the inhibition rate is as follows:

[0084] Inhibition rate (%) = (colony diameter of blank culture dish - colony diameter of pesticide culture dish) * 100% / (colony diameter of blank culture dish - 5).

[0085] The results are shown in Table 8.

[0086] Table 8 Inhibition of the pesticide composition on the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen

[0087] Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 97.5 Comparative Example 3 92.8 Comparative Example 4 95.4 Group 46.2 Disease index 39.5 Control effect (%) 45.1 Blank control group 55.8

[0088] The results show that the inhibition rate of the pesticide composition prepared in Examples 1-3 on the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen is more than 92%, and the pesticide composition has good antibacterial effect.

[0089] II. Test of biocontrol effect

[0090] Preparation of experimental soil: 1:1 by mass ratio of grass carbon soil and planting soil was mixed and sterilized, inoculated with 0.2wt% of wheat sharp eyespot pathogen (Rhizoctonia cerealis, provided by Qingdao Agricultural University), and then mixed and placed at 20°C for 15 days.

[0091] The experiment sets blank control group, example 1-3 group, comparison 1-4 group and triazole control group, 20 wheat seedlings (Shannong 20, 4-5 cm in height) are planted in each group, 1 mL sterile water is sprayed in blank control group, 1 mL tebuconazole (1 g / L) is sprayed in triazole control group, and 1 mL corresponding example or comparison of pharmaceutical composition (1 g / L) is sprayed in each of the remaining groups. After 15 days, the disease conditions of each group are observed, the disease index is counted, and the control effect is calculated.

[0092] The control effect=(blank control disease index-spraying disease index)*100% / blank control disease index.

[0093] The results are shown in Table 9.

[0094] Table 9 Control effect of pesticide composition on wheat pellicularia sasakii potting

[0095] Triazole control group Example 1 group Example 2 group Example 3 group 57.2±2.4a － Comparative Example 1 group 48.1±2.6a 15.9 Comparative Example 2 group 16.8±1.2b 70.6 Comparative Example 3 group 18.2±1.7b 68.2 Comparative Example 4 group 17.5±1.6b 69.4 ​ 49.8±1.9a 12.9 ​ 55.0±2.1a 3.8 ​ 52.4±1.6a 8.4 ​ 46.7±2.2a 18.4

[0096] Note: In the table, different letters in the same column represent significant differences between groups, P<0.05.

[0097] The results show that the pesticide compositions prepared in examples 1-3 can effectively control wheat pellicularia sasakii.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Simple modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition for controlling wheat sheath blight, characterized in that, The triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract are in a weight ratio of 1:50-120. The traditional Chinese medicine extract is a water extract of Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, wherein the weight ratio of Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis is 1-5:15-25:8-15:8-20:1-5. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, water is added and decocted for 0.5-2 hours, and then filtered to obtain supernatant; the supernatant is mixed with circular dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch uniformly, and dried to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract; and the weight ratio of the supernatant, the circular dextrin and the sodium carboxymethyl starch is 10-20:0.1-0.5:30-50. The triazole compound is at least one of tebuconazole, triadimefon and triadimenol.

2. The pesticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract is 1:90-110; and the weight ratio of Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis is 3-5:20-25:10-13:15-18:2-4.

3. The pesticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract is 1:90-110.

4. The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract is 1:100-110.

5. The pesticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the supernatant, the circular dextrin and the sodium carboxymethyl starch is 12-15:0.2-0.4:35-40.

6. A process for the preparation of a pesticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the step of mixing the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract in a formula amount.

7. The use of a traditional Chinese medicine extract in the preparation of a pesticide for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine extract is a water extract of Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, wherein the weight ratio of Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis is 1-5:15-25:8-15:8-20:1-5. The pesticide for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot disease is composed of a triazole compound and a traditional Chinese medicine extract, and the triazole compound is at least one of tebuconazole, triadimefon and triadimenol. The weight ratio of the triazole compound and the traditional Chinese medicine extract is 1:50-120. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine extract is as follows: Sargassum fusiforme, Sanguinaria soulardii, Taraxacum mongolicum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis are mixed, water is added and decocted for 0.5-2 hours, and then filtered to obtain supernatant; the supernatant is mixed with circular dextrin and sodium carboxymethyl starch uniformly, and dried to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract; and the weight ratio of the supernatant, the circular dextrin and the sodium carboxymethyl starch is 10-20:0.1-0.5:30-50.

8. A pesticide preparation for controlling wheat sharp eyespot, characterized by, The method comprises the step of spraying wheat with an aqueous solution of the pesticide composition or the pesticide preparation.

9. The use of the pesticide composition of any one of claims 1-5 or the pesticide preparation of claim 8 in preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot disease.

10. A method of controlling wheat brown goss' s wilt, characterized by, The method comprises the step of spraying wheat with an aqueous solution of the pesticide composition or the pesticide preparation.