Ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism integrated device and wire feeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism integrated device and a wire feeding method. The laser head fixing device comprises a laser head, the laser head is fixed by connecting a first square buckle and a second square buckle, the second square buckle is connected with a bearing fixing frame and an adjustable fixing frame, a linear bearing is installed on the bearing fixing frame, the adjustable fixing frame is connected with a super power device fixing frame, and the super power device fixing frame is connected with the laser head. An ultrasonic transducer, a fan and a wire positioning plate are installed in the super power device fixing frame, and a wire penetrates through the linear bearing and the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer is used for driving the wire, the end of the wire conducts axial reciprocating motion at the ultrasonic frequency in the additive manufacturing molten pool while the wire is stably fed, integration of an ultrasonic energy field and the wire feeding action is achieved, it is ensured that the stable ultrasonic effect is generated in the additive manufacturing process, the ultrasonic directly acts on the molten pool, and the wire feeding efficiency is improved. Attenuation of ultrasound in the propagation process is greatly reduced, the ultrasound utilization rate is increased, and energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a device integrating an ultrasonic energy field with a wire feeding mechanism and a wire feeding method. Background Art

[0002] Laser additive manufacturing technology is based on a computer three-dimensional digital model and uses the discrete-stacking principle to form complex parts layer by layer. Due to its low cost, high efficiency, and ability to manufacture complex parts, it has been widely used in aerospace, nuclear energy, medical and other fields, and plays an indispensable role in the field of additive manufacturing. Laser additive manufacturing technology can be divided into powder laser additive manufacturing and wire feeding laser additive manufacturing according to the way the raw materials are transported. Compared with powder additive manufacturing, wire feeding additive manufacturing has the advantages of high raw material utilization rate, close to 100%, high molding efficiency, and no dust pollution.

[0003] During the laser forming process, the material undergoes rapid heating and rapid cooling, resulting in a large temperature gradient between the molten pool and the matrix, forming coarse columnar crystals that grow in the deposition direction, and forming large thermal stress and residual stress in the component. Coarse columnar crystals will show anisotropy, making the structure of each part of the material uneven, thus affecting the strength, toughness, plasticity and other properties of the parts. Residual stress and thermal stress make the components prone to defects such as cracks, pores and inclusions, which in turn have a significant impact on the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the parts.

[0004] Components prepared by laser fuse additive manufacturing often need to optimize their processes or use other auxiliary means to improve the microstructure of the material to meet the requirements of use. Among them, applying ultrasound during the additive manufacturing process is an effective technology to improve the microstructure of laser fuse deposition. The improvement effect of ultrasonic energy field-assisted laser fuse additive manufacturing technology on the organization is mainly attributed to the cavitation effect and acoustic streaming effect generated by ultrasound in the micro-melting pool. The cavitation effect generated by ultrasound in the micro-melting pool can effectively break the primary dendrite arm, and the broken dendrite will become a new nucleation particle, thereby increasing the nucleation rate and achieving the effect of grain refinement. On the other hand, the acoustic streaming effect generated by ultrasound in the micro-melting pool can accelerate the convection of the molten pool, thereby uniformizing the temperature field of the molten pool, reducing the temperature gradient, uniformly solidifying the organization, and reducing the degree of segregation. However, the frequency of ultrasound is higher than 20kHz, and the temperature field of laser fuse additive manufacturing is very complex, and ultrasound is severely attenuated during propagation. Therefore, being able to effectively introduce ultrasound into the molten pool has become a major problem hindering the field of ultrasound-assisted laser fuse additive manufacturing.

[0005] In the traditional ultrasonic energy field assisted additive manufacturing or assisted welding device, ultrasound is not directly input into the molten pool during operation. The ultrasound will encounter multiple complex variable impedance interfaces from the transducer to the molten pool, resulting in severe ultrasound attenuation and extremely low utilization rate. In addition, the traditional ultrasonic energy field assisted device is complex and bulky, and is not easy to install and adjust.

[0006] According to investigation and research, there are mainly the following ways to introduce ultrasound into the molten pool: (1) The substrate and the ultrasonic generator are rigidly connected, and the ultrasound is transmitted to the molten pool through the substrate and the deposited layer. This method is simple to operate, but the position of the molten pool will change over time during operation, resulting in unstable ultrasonic action. At the same time, the attenuation of ultrasound is also serious, and the utilization rate is low. (2) The robotic arm clamps the ultrasonic tool head to act on the deposited layer near the molten pool. In this method, the tool head moves with the molten pool, and a stable ultrasonic effect can be obtained, but the utilization rate of ultrasound is not high, and the mechanism is complex and the operability is poor. (3) A tungsten needle is used to introduce ultrasonic vibration into the molten pool. The ultrasonic stability and utilization rate are greatly improved, but under the combined action of laser and ultrasound, the tungsten needle is easily dissolved in the molten pool, thereby contaminating the molten pool. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and a wire feeding method integrating an ultrasonic energy field and a wire feeding mechanism, using an ultrasonic transducer to replace the traditional mechanical wire feeding mechanism and an ultrasonic auxiliary device, so that the wire entering the molten pool can vibrate at the frequency of the ultrasonic wave while ensuring the accuracy of the wire movement, thereby realizing the two actions of wire feeding and ultrasonic vibration at the same time.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A device integrating an ultrasonic energy field and a wire feeding mechanism, comprising: a laser head, wherein the laser head is fixed by connecting square buckle 1 and square buckle 2, wherein square buckle 2 is connected to a bearing fixing frame and an adjustable fixing frame, wherein a linear bearing is installed on the bearing fixing frame, wherein the adjustable fixing frame is connected to a super energy device fixing frame, wherein an ultrasonic transducer, a fan, and a wire positioning plate are installed inside the super energy device fixing frame, and the wire passes through the linear bearing and the ultrasonic transducer.

[0010] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer includes a transducer head structure, and a group of piezoelectric elements are provided between the transducer head structure and the ultrasonic transducer fixing frame. The piezoelectric element includes two axially polarized annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets and electrodes. Stud bolts are passed through the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets and electrodes, and a nut is installed at one end of the stud bolt. The transducer head structure and the nut apply a pre-tightening force to the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic causes the ultrasonic transducer to generate forced vibration, and its vibration trajectory is an ellipse. The tangential motion of the ellipse causes the wire to enter the molten pool in the form of ultrasonic pulsation, and the radial motion of the ellipse is restricted.

[0011] Furthermore, the wire positioning plate is connected to the front catheter to ensure that the wire entering the ultrasonic guidewire position is straight, thereby reducing the resistance of the guidewire.

[0012] Furthermore, a group of balls are embedded inside the linear bearing, which greatly reduces the friction resistance while straightening the wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the transducer head structure has a wire groove, and the wire groove has a friction material layer so as to drive the wire to pass through the wire groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the super energy device fixing frame has a groove inside, and the super energy device fixing frame is installed in the groove, so that the position of the ultrasonic transducer can be adjusted.

[0015] Furthermore, a glass fiber board is used on a side of the super energy device fixing frame close to the laser head to prevent the temperature of the ultrasonic transducer from rising.

[0016] Furthermore, the wire positioning plate serves as a guidewire and a wire positioning device, and the wire positioning plate is connected to the front catheter to ensure that the wire entering the ultrasonic guidewire portion is straight, thereby reducing the resistance of the guidewire.

[0017] The present invention may also include:

[0018] A wire feeding method of the device integrating the ultrasonic energy field and the wire feeding mechanism as described above, the method comprising:

[0019] During operation, a specific voltage is input to the electrodes of the ultrasonic transducer respectively. When the frequency of the input voltage reaches a certain order natural frequency of the ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer will resonate. By utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, the transducer head structure is made to perform elliptical motion under the combined action of preload and electric field. The elliptical motion is decomposed into radial motion and tangential motion. The tangential motion sends the wire into the molten pool, and the radial motion is restricted by the super energy device fixing frame and the wire positioning plate. The movement of the wire and ultrasonic transmission are combined, thereby reducing the loss of ultrasound during interface transmission.

[0020] Furthermore, according to the relationship between the polarization direction and the vibration direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric ceramic can generate various modes of vibration. When the polarization direction and the vibration direction are the same, the piezoelectric ceramic is in a longitudinal vibration mode, and when the polarization direction and the vibration direction are perpendicular, it is a transverse vibration mode.

[0021] Furthermore, a specific voltage is input to the electrode of the ultrasonic transducer, and the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric element can be used to excite two-phase orthogonal vibration modes of the same frequency of the ultrasonic transducer, thereby obtaining an elliptical motion and driving the wire to perform ultrasonic motion.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The ultrasonic motor of the present invention applies simple harmonic vibration of ultrasonic frequency to the molten pool while completing the wire feeding action, thereby realizing the integration of ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding.

[0024] The wire of the present invention vibrates at an ultrasonic frequency and enters the molten pool. Compared with the traditional method of applying ultrasound with a horn, the intermediate transmission link is omitted, thereby greatly improving the ultrasonic transmission efficiency. The wire movement frequency is high, and the moving distance of the wire in each cycle is small, which can achieve high-precision control.

[0025] The device of the present invention has a compact structure and is easy to install and maintain. The device is driven by a low-power ultrasonic motor and has low noise. The device can be expanded to the fields of additive manufacturing and welding with other heat source forms.

[0026] The present invention uses an ultrasonic motor to drive the wire. While the wire is being fed stably, the end of the wire makes an axial reciprocating motion at an ultrasonic frequency in the additive manufacturing molten pool, realizing the integration of the ultrasonic energy field and the wire feeding action, and ensuring the generation of a stable ultrasonic effect during the additive manufacturing process. Ultrasound acts directly on the molten pool, greatly reducing the attenuation of ultrasound during the propagation process, improving the utilization rate of ultrasound, and saving energy and being environmentally friendly. The device is simple and easy to install, and is suitable for wires of different diameters. At the same time, the ultrasonic motor can adjust the position and angle according to the focal length of the laser head to ensure that the wire enters the molten pool at the optimal angle. In addition, this method is not limited by the form of the heat source for additive manufacturing, and can be expanded to additive manufacturing methods with other heat sources. This method is also applicable to the field of ultrasonic assisted welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from a first angle.

[0028] Attached Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second angle of the present invention.

[0029] Attached Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0030] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention.

[0031] Attached Figure 5 It is a motion schematic diagram when the vibration trajectory of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention is an ellipse.

[0032] In the attached figure: 1: laser head, 2: square buckle 1, 3: nut, 4: bolt, 5: square buckle 2, 6: linear bearing fixing frame, 7: adjustable fixing frame, 8: linear bearing, 9: wire, 10: super energy device fixing frame, 11: fan, 12: ultrasonic transducer, 13: wire positioning plate, 14: fiberglass board, 15: groove, 12-1: nut, 12-2: fixing frame, 12-3: piezoelectric ceramic, 12-4: head, 12-5: wire groove, 12-6: electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] This embodiment provides a device integrating an ultrasonic energy field and a wire feeding mechanism, as shown in the attached Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes: a laser head 1, the laser head 1 is fixed by connecting square buckle 1 2 and square buckle 2 5, the square buckle 2 5 is connected to the bearing fixing frame 6 and the adjustable fixing frame 7, the bearing fixing frame 6 is equipped with a linear bearing 8, the adjustable fixing frame 7 is connected to the super energy device fixing frame 10, the super energy device fixing frame 10 is internally installed with an ultrasonic transducer 10, a fan 11, and a wire positioning plate 13, and the wire 9 passes through the linear bearing 8 and the ultrasonic transducer 12.

[0036] This embodiment uses an adjustable fixing frame 7 as a fixing device for the ultrasonic transducer. In order to adapt to the focal length of different laser heads, the ultrasonic transducer is adjustable, so a groove 15 is used, and the ultrasonic transducer fixing frame 12-2 is installed in the groove, and the position of the ultrasonic transducer is designed to be adjustable.

[0037] This embodiment uses a fixed frame 6 and a linear bearing 8 as a pre-wire guide mechanism for the wire. As is known to all, the wire in additive manufacturing is coiled, and straightening the wire as much as possible during use will increase the wire feeding efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer and reduce the loss of ultrasound. The linear bearing 8 is inlaid with many regularly arranged balls, which greatly reduce the friction resistance while straightening the wire, and reduce the influence of the wire guide structure on the wire feeding of the ultrasonic transducer.

[0038] The ultra-energy device fixing frame 10 has a groove 15 inside to achieve adjustable position of the ultrasonic transducer 12 .

[0039] In this embodiment, a glass fiber board 14 is used as a heat insulation device. The glass fiber board 14 is used on the side of the super energy device fixing frame 10 close to the laser head 1 to prevent the temperature of the ultrasonic transducer from rising. A large amount of heat radiation generated during the laser fuse process will cause the temperature of the ultrasonic transducer to rise, thereby affecting the performance. Therefore, a glass fiber board is used to prevent the temperature of the ultrasonic transducer from rising.

[0040] This embodiment uses two fans 11 as a heat dissipation mechanism. Piezoelectric ceramics are very sensitive to temperature, and their piezoelectric properties will decrease as the temperature increases. When the temperature is higher than the Curie point, the piezoelectric ceramics will depolarize and the piezoelectric effect will be reduced. Therefore, two fans are used to reduce the temperature of the piezoelectric ceramics during use.

[0041] This embodiment uses a wire positioning plate 13 as a guide wire and a wire positioning device. The wire positioning plate 13 is connected to the front catheter to ensure that the wire entering the ultrasonic guide wire position is straight, thereby reducing the resistance of the guide wire.

[0042] First, the wire enters from the small hole at the front end and contacts the groove at the head of the ultrasonic transducer, thereby entering the molten pool under the action of the ultrasonic transducer. Secondly, the bottom is connected to the ultrasonic transducer fixing frame 10 using 4 bolts, which can achieve fine-tuning of the position of the wire and the ultrasonic transducer and enhance the wire feeding effect of the transducer.

[0043] This embodiment uses an ultrasonic transducer as a wire feeding mechanism in the additive manufacturing or welding process, so that the wire enters the molten pool in the form of ultrasonic pulsation, realizing the integration of the ultrasonic energy field and the wire feeding action; two voltages with the same frequency and a phase difference of 90° are input to the ultrasonic transducer. When the frequency of the voltage is equal to a certain order of natural frequency of the ultrasonic transducer, mechanical resonance is generated under the joint action of the preload force and the electric field. According to the relationship between the polarization direction and the vibration direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, the ultrasonic transducer can output an elliptical motion. The elliptical motion of the ultrasonic transducer is decomposed into radial motion and tangential motion, in which the tangential motion drives the wire into the molten pool and the radial direction is restricted.

[0044] As attached Figure 3-4 As shown, the ultrasonic transducer 12 includes a transducer head structure 12-4, and a group of piezoelectric elements 12-3 are provided between the transducer head structure 12-4 and the ultrasonic transducer fixing frame 12-2. The piezoelectric element 12-3 includes two axially polarized annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 12-3 and electrodes 12-6. Stud bolts are passed through the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets 12-3 and the electrodes 12-6, and a nut 12-1 is installed at one end of the stud bolt. The transducer head structure 12-4 and the nut 12-1 apply a pre-tightening force to the piezoelectric element 12-3. The piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic 3 causes the ultrasonic transducer 12 to generate forced vibration, and its vibration trajectory is an ellipse. The tangential motion of the ellipse causes the wire to enter the molten pool in the form of ultrasonic pulsation, and the radial motion of the ellipse is restricted.

[0045] The transducer head structure 12 - 4 is provided with a wire groove 12 - 5 , and the wire groove 12 - 5 is provided with a friction material layer so as to drive the wire 9 to pass through the wire groove.

[0046] A set of piezoelectric elements is composed of two axially polarized annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets. The front metal parts and the rear nuts apply preload to the piezoelectric elements. A specific voltage is input to the electrodes of the ultrasonic transducer. The inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric element can be used to excite the two-phase orthogonal vibration mode of the ultrasonic transducer at the same frequency, thereby obtaining an elliptical motion and driving the wire to perform ultrasonic motion.

[0047] The present invention uses an ultrasonic transducer to simultaneously realize wire feeding and ultrasonic vibration, directly causing the wire entering the molten pool to realize ultrasonic vibration, greatly reducing the attenuation of ultrasound, and allowing the ultrasound to stably produce cavitation and acoustic streaming effects in the molten pool, thereby promoting melt flow and reducing temperature gradients, thereby achieving the purpose of refining grains, inhibiting cracks, and reducing defects such as pores.

[0048] The ultrasonic transducer 12 in this embodiment is the key to realizing wire movement and ultrasonic vibration. Specifically, in the ultrasonic transducer, the nut 1 is fastened to the internal stud bolt, on the one hand to install the piezoelectric ceramic and the electrode, and on the other hand to apply a preload to the piezoelectric ceramic 3. A specific voltage is passed into the piezoelectric ceramic 3, and through the action of the electric field, the positive and negative charges inside the piezoelectric ceramic will be relatively displaced, resulting in deformation of the material. The natural vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic is stimulated by the interaction of the preload and the electric field, so that resonance occurs when its frequency is close to the natural frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 12, increasing the amplitude. The piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic 3 is used to cause the ultrasonic transducer 12 to generate forced vibration, and its vibration trajectory is an ellipse. The tangential motion of the ellipse causes the wire to enter the molten pool in the form of ultrasonic pulsation, and the radial motion of the ellipse is restricted.

[0049] The present invention uses an annular thin plate piezoelectric ceramic, whose natural vibration is divided into out-of-plane natural vibration and in-plane natural vibration. The so-called out-of-plane natural vibration means that the thin plate has only a displacement w(x,y,t) in the z-axis direction, and the displacements in the x-direction and y-direction u(x,y,t)=v(x,y,t)=0. The out-of-plane vibration is the opposite, w(x,y,t)=0, and only the displacements in the x-direction and y-direction are u(x,y,t) and v(x,y,t).

[0050] Through mathematical analysis, the out-of-plane natural vibration modal frequency of the annular piezoelectric ceramic is:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, ω mn is the out-of-plane natural vibration mode frequency, λ mn is the out-of-plane vibration modal constant of the annular thin plate (depending on b / a, b is the inner diameter), a is the outer diameter, D is the bending stiffness, h is the thickness, and ρ is the density.

[0053] The in-plane natural vibration frequency of the annular piezoelectric ceramic is:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, E is the elastic modulus and μ is the Poisson's ratio.

[0056] Perform modal analysis on the ultrasonic transducer, and its elliptical motion law is as shown in the appendix Figure 5 As shown, when t = 0, the head of the ultrasonic transducer is at the left end of the elliptical motion, and the wire is in contact with the head of the ultrasonic transducer. In the interval of 0 < t < T / 2, the head of the ultrasonic transducer is at the upper part of the elliptical motion, and the head of the transducer is in close contact with the wire. Under the action of friction, the wire is pushed forward by a distance of twice the amplitude to the right, and the moving speed of the wire reaches the maximum at t = T / 4. In the interval of T / 2 < t < T, the head of the ultrasonic transducer is at the lower part of the elliptical motion, and the head of the transducer is separated from the wire. Therefore, during the return motion of the head of the transducer, the wire does not move until the wire comes into contact with the head of the transducer again when the ultrasonic transducer moves to the leftmost position again, and continues to drive the wire into the molten pool. Therefore, under the drive of the ultrasonic transducer, the wire always moves unidirectionally in the axial direction, and the displacement is a simple harmonic motion with a half cycle. Since the laser power is constant and the melting speed at the front end of the wire is certain, while the speed of the wire entering the molten pool is variable, the end face of the wire makes a simple harmonic motion relative to the molten pool, thus forming an ultrasonic energy field in the molten pool.

[0057] The above-mentioned circular piezoelectric ceramic is a piezoelectric vibrator, which is characterized in that the piezoelectric ceramic itself is an elastic body and has an infinite number of natural frequencies. When the frequency of the voltage applied to the piezoelectric ceramic is equal to a certain natural frequency of it, mechanical resonance occurs under the combined action of the pre-tightening force and the electric field. According to the relationship between the polarization direction and the vibration direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric ceramic can generate various vibration modes. When the polarization direction and the vibration direction are the same, the piezoelectric ceramic is in the longitudinal vibration mode at this time. And when the polarization direction and the vibration direction are perpendicular, it is the transverse vibration mode.

[0058] For the working mode of the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer, the two groups of piezoelectric ceramics of the ultrasonic transducer perform longitudinal vibrations in opposite directions to excite the antisymmetric vibration of the ultrasonic transducer.

[0059] For the excitation method of the above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer, voltages with the same frequency and a phase difference of 90° are applied to the two groups of piezoelectric ceramics to excite the vibration mode of the ultrasonic transducer, so that it generates elliptical motion. The tangential motion of the ellipse drives the wire to move forward, and the radial motion of the ellipse is restricted.

[0060] The present invention utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic to make the head of the transducer perform elliptical motion under the combined action of the pre-tightening force and the electric field. The elliptical motion can be decomposed into radial motion and tangential motion. The tangential motion feeds the wire into the molten pool, and the radial motion is restricted by the supercharger fixing frame 10 and the wire positioning plate 13. This device combines the motion of the wire and the transmission of ultrasound, reducing the loss of ultrasound during interface transmission.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] According to the device integrating the ultrasonic energy field and the wire feeding mechanism described in Example 1, in combination with the attached Figure 1-3 , the installation steps of the device are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: Install the ultrasonic transducer 12;

[0064] Step 2: Fix the ultrasonic transducer 12 and the fan 11 to the ultrasonic transducer fixing frame 10;

[0065] Step 3: Install square buckle 2 and square buckle 5 onto laser head 1;

[0066] Step 4: Install the linear bearing fixing frame 6 and the adjustable fixing frame 7 onto the square buckle 4;

[0067] Step 5: Install the super energy device fixing frame 10 to a suitable position of the adjustable fixing frame 7 according to the laser focal length used;

[0068] Step 6: Install the linear bearing 8 onto the linear bearing fixing frame 6;

[0069] Step 7: Insert the wire 9 into the linear bearing 8;

[0070] Step 8: Fix the wire positioning plate 13 to the ultrasonic device fixing frame 10, and adjust the relative position of the wire and the ultrasonic transducer 12;

[0071] Step 9: Install the fiberglass board 14 onto the super energy device fixing frame 10 .

[0072] Firstly, the wire material of the present invention directly enters the molten pool at ultrasonic frequency without any intermediate transmission, which greatly reduces the attenuation of ultrasound. Secondly, it has a simple structure, occupies a small space, is relatively easy to achieve a high vacuum environment, has strong adaptability to additive components, and can also be expanded to additive manufacturing with other heat source forms.

[0073] On the other hand, since laser fuse additive manufacturing is very similar to the welding process and the device integrating the ultrasonic energy field and the wire feeding mechanism has the characteristics of small size and compact structure, it is also suitable for the welding field, introducing the ultrasonic energy field into the welding process to improve the welding quality.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device integrating an ultrasonic energy field and a wire feeding mechanism, characterized in that: include: A laser head (1), wherein the laser head (1) is fixed by connecting a first square buckle (2) and a second square buckle (5), wherein the second square buckle (5) is connected to a bearing fixing frame (6) and an adjustable fixing frame (7), wherein a linear bearing (8) is installed on the bearing fixing frame (6), wherein the adjustable fixing frame (7) is connected to a super energy device fixing frame (10), wherein an ultrasonic transducer (10), a fan (11), and a wire positioning plate (13) are installed inside the super energy device fixing frame (10), and a wire (9) passes through the linear bearing (8) and the ultrasonic transducer (12); The ultrasonic transducer (12) comprises a transducer head structure (12-4), wherein a group of piezoelectric elements (12-3) are arranged between the transducer head structure (12-4) and the ultrasonic transducer fixing frame (12-2), wherein the piezoelectric element (12-3) comprises two annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets (12-3) polarized in the axial direction and an electrode (12-6), wherein stud bolts are passed through the annular piezoelectric ceramic sheets (12-3) and the electrode (12-6), wherein a nut (12-1) is installed at one end of the stud bolt, wherein the transducer head structure (12-4) and the nut (12-1) apply a pre-tightening force to the piezoelectric element (12-3), wherein the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic (3) causes the ultrasonic transducer (12) to generate forced vibration, wherein the vibration trajectory is an ellipse, wherein the tangential motion of the ellipse causes the wire to enter the molten pool in the form of ultrasonic pulsation, and the radial motion of the ellipse is restricted.

2. The device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire positioning plate (13) is connected to the front catheter to ensure that the wire entering the ultrasonic guide wire position is straight, thereby reducing the resistance of the guide wire.

3. The device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of balls are embedded inside the linear bearing (8), which greatly reduces the friction resistance while straightening the wire (9).

4. The device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transducer head structure (12-4) is provided with a wire groove (12-5), and the wire groove (12-5) is provided with a friction material layer so as to drive the wire (9) to pass through the wire groove.

5. The device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The super energy device fixing frame (10) has a groove inside, and the super energy device fixing frame (12-2) is installed in the groove, so that the position of the ultrasonic transducer (12) can be adjusted.

6. The device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A glass fiber board (14) is used on a side of the super energy device fixing frame (10) close to the laser head (1) to prevent the temperature of the ultrasonic transducer from rising.

7. The device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire positioning plate (13) serves as a guide wire and a wire positioning device. The wire positioning plate (13) is connected to the front catheter to ensure that the wire entering the ultrasonic guide wire position is straight, thereby reducing the resistance of the guide wire.

8. A wire feeding method of the device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method includes: During operation, a specific voltage is input to the electrodes (12-6) of the ultrasonic transducer (12). When the frequency of the input voltage reaches a certain order natural frequency of the ultrasonic transducer (12), the ultrasonic transducer (12) will resonate. By utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic (12-3), the transducer head structure (12-4) performs elliptical motion under the combined action of the preload force and the electric field. The elliptical motion is decomposed into radial motion and tangential motion. The tangential motion sends the wire into the molten pool. The radial motion is restricted by the super energy device fixing frame (10) and the wire positioning plate (13). The movement of the wire and the ultrasonic transmission are combined, thereby reducing the loss of ultrasound during interface transmission.

9. The wire feeding method of the device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: According to the relationship between the polarization direction and the vibration direction of the piezoelectric ceramic (12-3), the piezoelectric ceramic can generate various modes of vibration. When the polarization direction and the vibration direction are the same, the piezoelectric ceramic is in a longitudinal vibration mode, and when the polarization direction and the vibration direction are perpendicular, it is a transverse vibration mode.

10. The wire feeding method of the device integrating ultrasonic energy field and wire feeding mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: A specific voltage is input to the electrode (12-6) of the ultrasonic transducer (12), and the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric element can be used to excite two-phase orthogonal vibration modes of the same frequency of the ultrasonic transducer, thereby obtaining an elliptical motion and driving the wire (9) to perform ultrasonic motion.

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