Universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-preserving tool

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sheet metal part manufacturing in the aerospace field, and provides a universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-preserving tool which comprises a lower bottom plate and a center shaft arranged in the center of the lower bottom plate. At least one tensioning assembly is arranged in the axial direction of the center shaft from top to bottom. Each tensioning assembly comprises a guide sliding piece, an expansion valve and a wedge block. The guide sliding piece is arranged on the central shaft in a sleeving manner and is arranged above the lower bottom plate; the expansion valve is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece; the inclined wedge block is arranged above the guide sliding piece, sleeves the central shaft and can do reciprocating motion in the axial direction of the central shaft; a first inclined face is arranged on the peripheral face of the inclined wedge block, the expansion valve is arranged on the periphery of the inclined wedge block, a second inclined face matched with the first inclined face is arranged at the inner end of the expansion valve, and the inclined wedge block can descend to push the expansion valve to slide in the radial direction of the center shaft so as to tension the annular thin-wall part. And the positioning piece is detachably connected to the peripheral face of the tensioning assembly and used for positioning the welding piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sheet metal manufacturing in the aerospace field, and in particular relates to a universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling. Background Art

[0002] Since the welding of aerospace parts involves a wide variety of parts and the number of each type is small, it is difficult to form a scale. When forming aerospace special-shaped parts, it is usually necessary to divide the special-shaped parts into multiple parts and form them separately. After forming, they need to be assembled and welded.

[0003] At present, the welding of aerospace parts has high requirements on the accuracy of welding equipment and the technical ability of welding personnel. In particular, thin-walled sheet metal parts often undergo severe deformation during the welding process, resulting in frequent scrapping of parts during welding, making it difficult to control costs and quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a conformal tool for welding special-shaped curved surfaces, which can replace high-precision equipment and highly skilled personnel, so that ordinary equipment and personnel can use the tool to solve the problem of severe welding deformation leading to product scrapping.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tool, used for positioning annular thin-walled parts and welded parts with both ends open, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tool comprising:

[0007] a lower base plate and a central axis disposed at the center of the lower base plate;

[0008] At least one set of tensioning components is arranged from top to bottom along the axial direction of the central axis, and the tensioning components include a guide slide, an expansion flap and an inclined wedge block;

[0009] The guide slide is sleeved on the central axis and arranged above the lower base plate;

[0010] The expansion flap can be slidably arranged on the upper surface of the sliding guide;

[0011] The inclined wedge block is arranged above the guide slide and sleeved on the central axis, and the inclined wedge block can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central axis;

[0012] The outer circumferential surface of the inclined wedge block is provided with a first inclined surface, the expansion petal is provided on the outer circumference of the inclined wedge block, and the inner end of the expansion petal is provided with a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface, and the descending of the inclined wedge block can push the expansion petal to slide along the radial direction of the central axis to tighten the annular thin-walled part;

[0013] A positioning member is detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning assembly, and the positioning member is used to position the welding member.

[0014] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling also includes an upper pressure plate, which is sleeved on the central axis, and the upper pressure plate is pressed on the upper port of the annular thin-walled part, and the upper pressure plate is used to support the upper port of the annular thin-walled part.

[0015] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling further comprises a first fastener, which is fixedly connected to the central axis and pressed against an upper surface above a group of the tensioning assemblies located at the uppermost layer;

[0016] And / or, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling further includes a second fastener, which is fixedly connected to the central axis and pressed against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate.

[0017] Preferably, each group of the tensioning components includes two groups of the expansion petals, and the two groups of the expansion petals are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis. The outer peripheral surface of the expansion petals is a circular arc surface, and the angle range of the circular arc surface is 40°-60°.

[0018] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling also includes a guide member, which is arranged between the guide slide and the expansion flap, and the guide member is arranged on the upper surface of the guide slide, and the guide member is used to provide guidance for the radial movement of the expansion flap along the central axis.

[0019] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the upper surface of the guide member, and the guide member is partially mounted in the mounting groove;

[0020] A guide groove is provided on the expansion flap, another part of the guide member is located in the guide groove, and a side surface of the guide member is in close contact with a side surface of the guide groove.

[0021] Preferably, a guide slot is provided on the expansion flap, and the length direction of the guide slot is arranged along the movement direction of the expansion flap. The tensioning assembly also includes a third fastener, which is located at the bottom layer of the expansion flap of the tensioning assembly, and one end of the third fastener passes through the guide slot to connect to the guide slide.

[0022] Preferably, two groups of guide slots are arranged in parallel on the expansion petal, and the guide slots are arranged in parallel along the width direction thereof, and are connected to the guide slide member through a fixing member passing through the guide slots.

[0023] Preferably, a plurality of positioning and mounting grooves are provided on the outer circumference of the expansion flap, a mounting slot hole is provided at the bottom of the positioning and mounting groove, and one end of the positioning member is inserted into the mounting slot hole;

[0024] The central axis of each installation slot is arranged along the radial direction of the central axis.

[0025] Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the guide slide of the tensioning assembly of the bottom layer comprises an arc surface, and the arc surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the bottom end opening of the annular thin-walled part.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses the above-mentioned universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling to support and position the annular thin-walled parts and welded parts to be welded together, and at least one set of tensioning components arranged along the axial direction of the central axis is used to internally support and position the annular thin-walled parts to be welded. The positioning piece is detachably arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the expansion petal, and the welded part is positioned by the positioning piece.

[0027] By arranging a tensioning assembly on the central axis, it is possible to adapt to supporting and positioning annular thin-walled parts of different sizes, and according to the shape of the annular thin-walled parts, the axial position of the tensioning assembly along the central axis can be adaptively adjusted to adapt to supporting and positioning different positions of the annular thin-walled parts, thereby achieving the purpose of stably fixing the annular thin-walled parts.

[0028] In addition, the sizes of the positioning pieces arranged on the outer circumference of the expansion flap can be different, so the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling can position welded parts of different sizes. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling can support and position annular thin-walled parts and welded parts of different structures and sizes, and has good versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the annular thin-walled part in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a front view of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling and the annular thin-walled part in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling and the annular thin-walled parts in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the universal conformal welding tool for special-shaped curved surfaces in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower base plate, the center column and a group of tensioning components located on the lower base plate in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower base plate and the first tensioning assembly in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second tensioning assembly in the present invention.

[0037] Among them, 10, annular thin-walled parts; 20, welding parts; 201, first circular ring parts; 202, second circular ring parts; 203, third circular ring parts; 1, lower base plate; 2, center axis; 30, first tensioning assembly; 40, second tensioning assembly; 31, guide slide; 311, mounting groove; 32, expansion flap; 321, groove; 322, first through groove; 323, positioning mounting groove; 324, mounting slot hole; 33, inclined wedge block; 4, positioning part; 5, upper pressure plate; 6, first fastener; 7, second fastener; 8, guide part; 9, guide slot hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] This embodiment provides a universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tool, which is mainly used for welding parts of the combustion chamber of an aircraft engine. The structure of the part is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the part is an annular thin-walled part with many complex curved surfaces, many locations requiring welding, and a large welding area.

[0046] The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling in this embodiment is used to position annular thin-walled parts 10 and welded parts that are open at both ends.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the material of the parts in this embodiment is high-temperature alloy stainless steel, the sheet thickness is 0.8 mm, there are 120 welding positions, the welding method is butt welding, and the contour requirement of the product after welding is 0.1 mm.

[0048] The above-mentioned universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling is used to position the annular thin-walled part 10 and the welding part 20. A plurality of circles of mounting holes are opened on the side wall of the annular thin-walled part 10, each circle of mounting holes includes a plurality of mounting holes, and the welding part 20 is welded to the mounting holes. The sizes of the mounting holes can be the same or different.

[0049] Specifically, the side wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 in this embodiment is provided with multiple circles of mounting holes, and the welding parts 20 are welded to the mounting holes, and each circle of mounting holes includes multiple holes uniformly distributed along the circumference of the annular thin-walled part 10. The welding parts 20 are cylindrical barrel parts, and multiple holes are welded on the annular thin-walled part 10, and the structural dimensions of the welding parts 20 of each circle can be different. Further specifically, in this embodiment, three circles of mounting holes are provided on the above-mentioned annular thin-walled part 10, and each circle of mounting holes includes multiple holes, and the diameters of each circle of mounting holes are different, and the diameters of the mounting holes in the same circle can be the same or different. Correspondingly, the welding parts 20 include a first circular ring part 201, a second circular ring part 202, and a third circular ring part 203.

[0050] like Figure 4-Figure 8 As shown, the above-mentioned universal conformal tooling for welding special-shaped curved surfaces includes a lower base plate 1, a central axis 2, a tensioning assembly and a positioning member 4, wherein the central axis 2 is arranged at the center of the lower base plate 1. At least one set of tensioning assemblies is arranged from top to bottom along the axial direction of the central axis 2, and the tensioning assembly includes a guide slide 31, an expansion flap 32 and an inclined wedge block 33. The guide slide 31 is sleeved on the central axis 2 and arranged above the lower base plate 1. Specifically, the guide slide 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the bottom layer is arranged on the upper surface of the lower base plate 1. In other embodiments, along the axial direction of the central axis 2, the guide slide 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the bottom layer is spaced a preset distance from the lower base plate 1.

[0051] The expansion flap 32 is slidably disposed on the upper surface of the guide slide 31. The inclined wedge block 33 is disposed above the guide slide 31 and sleeved on the central shaft 2. The inclined wedge block 33 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0052] The outer circumferential surface of the inclined wedge block 33 is provided with a first inclined surface, the expansion petal 32 is provided on the outer circumference of the inclined wedge block 33, and the inner end of the expansion petal 32 is provided with a second inclined surface that cooperates with the first inclined surface. The inclined wedge block 33 descends to push the expansion petal 32 to slide radially along the central axis 2 to tension the annular thin-walled part 10. The inclined wedge block 33 descends axially along the central axis 2, and the first inclined surface of the inclined wedge block 33 cooperates with the second inclined surface of the expansion petal 32 to push the expansion petal 32 to slide radially along the central axis 2.

[0053] The positioning member 4 is detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning assembly, and the positioning member 4 is used to position the welding member 20 .

[0054] Preferably, along the axial direction of the central axis 2 , the outer peripheral surface of the guide slide 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the bottom layer includes an arc surface, which fits and contacts the inner wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 , and the annular thin-walled part 10 is positioned by the guide slide 31 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling is used to support and position the annular thin-walled part 10 and the weldment 20 to be welded together, and at least one set of tensioning components arranged along the axial direction of the central axis 2 is used to internally support and position the annular thin-walled part 10 to be welded. The positioning member 4 is detachably arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the expansion flap 32, and the weldment 20 is positioned by the positioning member 4. In this embodiment, the position where the expansion flap 32 tensions the annular thin-walled part 10 is the position where the annular thin-walled part 10 is welded to the weldment 20.

[0056] In this embodiment, by arranging a tensioning assembly on the central axis 2, it is possible to adapt to supporting and positioning annular thin-walled parts 10 of different sizes, and according to the shape of the annular thin-walled parts, the axial position of the tensioning assembly along the central axis 2 can be adaptively adjusted to adapt to supporting and positioning different positions of the annular thin-walled parts, thereby achieving the purpose of stably fixing the annular thin-walled parts 10.

[0057] In addition, the sizes of the positioning members 4 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion flap 32 can be different, so the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling support can position welded parts 20 of different sizes. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling can support and position annular thin-walled parts 10 and welded parts 20 of different structures and sizes, and has good versatility.

[0058] Preferably, in this embodiment, the guide slide 31 of the tensioning assembly at the lowest layer is arranged on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate 1, the bottom end surface of the annular thin-walled part 10 is pressed against the lower bottom plate 1, and the outer peripheral surface of the guide slide 31 of the tensioning assembly at the lowest layer includes an arc surface, and the arc surface is in contact with the inner wall of the lower port of the annular thin-walled part 10, and the bottom end of the annular thin-walled part 10 is supported and positioned by the guide slide 31. Further preferably, in this embodiment, the guide slide 31 is circular.

[0059] In this embodiment, a positioning member 4 is detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the expansion flap 32, and the welding member 20 is accurately positioned by the positioning member 4. The welding member 20 and the annular thin-walled part 10 are first spot-welded, and the positioning member 4 is removed, and the welding member 20 and the annular thin-walled part 10 are fully welded.

[0060] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling also includes an upper pressing plate 5 which is sleeved on the central axis 2 . The upper pressing plate 5 is pressed on the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10 . The upper pressing plate 5 is used to support the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10 .

[0061] The upper pressing plate 5 is pressed against the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10 , thereby fixing the annular thin-walled part 10 between the lower base plate 1 and the upper pressing plate 5 , thereby ensuring the stability of the annular thin-walled part 10 during the welding process.

[0062] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petal 32 is provided with a plurality of positioning and mounting grooves 323, and the bottom of the positioning and mounting grooves 323 is provided with mounting slot holes 324, and one end of the positioning member 4 is inserted into the mounting slot holes 324. In this embodiment, the bottom of the positioning and mounting grooves 323 is a plane, and the plane forms a preset angle with the horizontal plane, and the preset angle range is determined according to the position of the expansion petal 32 to tighten the annular thin-walled part 10 and the position of the welding member 20. The central axis 2 line of each mounting slot hole 324 is arranged along the radial direction of the central axis 2.

[0063] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling further comprises a first fastener 6, which is fixedly connected to the central shaft 2 and pressed against the upper surface above a group of tensioning assemblies located at the uppermost layer. The tensioning assemblies arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 2 are fixed by the first fastener 6 to prevent the tensioning assemblies from moving axially along the central shaft 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first fastener 6 is a first fastening nut, which is threadedly connected to the central shaft 2.

[0064] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling further comprises a second fastener 7, which is fixedly connected to the central shaft 2 and pressed against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate 5. Specifically, a positioning step is provided on the central shaft 2, the upper pressing plate 5 is mounted on the central shaft 2, the lower surface of the upper pressing plate 5 is mortgaged on the positioning step, and the second fastener 7 is fixedly connected to the central shaft 2 and pressed against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate 5. The upper pressing plate 5 is fixed by the second fastener 7. Further preferably, the second fastener 7 is a second fastening nut, which is threadedly connected to the central shaft 2. The first fastening nut and the second fastening nut are conventional fastening nuts, and the structural dimensions of the two are different.

[0065] Preferably, each set of tensioning components includes two sets of expansion petals 32, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis 2, and the outer peripheral surface of the expansion petals 32 is an arc surface, and the angle range of the arc surface is 40°-60°.

[0066] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling also includes a guide member 8, which is arranged between the guide slide 31 and the expansion flap 32, and the guide member 8 is arranged on the upper surface of the guide slide 31. The side surface of the guide member 8 cooperates with the guide slide 31 and the expansion flap 32, and the guide member 8 provides precise guidance for the radial movement of the expansion flap 32 along the central axis 2.

[0067] Further preferably, the upper surface of the guide slide 31 is provided with a mounting groove 311, and the guide member 8 is partially installed in the mounting groove 311. A guide groove is provided on the expansion petal 32, and the other part of the guide member 8 is located in the guide groove. The side surface of the guide member 8 is in close contact with the side surface of the guide groove. The side surface of the guide member 8 has high precision, which ensures the precision of the radial movement of the expansion petal 32 along the central axis 2. When the expansion petal 32 reciprocates radially along the central axis 2, the guide member 8 positions and guides the expansion petal 32, ensuring the movement precision of the expansion petal 32 along the radial movement of the central axis 2, thereby ensuring the positioning precision of the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0068] Preferably, the guide groove is a groove 321 formed on the bottom surface of the expansion flap 32 , or the guide groove is a first through groove 322 formed on the expansion flap 32 , and the first through groove 322 penetrates the expansion flap 32 along the axial direction of the central axis 2 .

[0069] Specifically, the guide member 8 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the length of the guide member 8 is arranged along the radial direction of the central axis 2 .

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are two groups of tensioning assemblies, and the tensioning assemblies include a first tensioning assembly 30 and a second tensioning assembly 40 . The first tensioning assembly 30 and the second tensioning assembly 40 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the axial direction of the central axis 2 .

[0071] In this embodiment, the guide slide 31 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the guide slide 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40, the expansion petals 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the expansion petals 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40, the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40 have different structural dimensions. Two groups of guide members 8 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the expansion petals 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30, and the two groups of guide members 8 are arranged along the axial direction of the central axis 2. And the sizes of the two groups of guide members 8 and the angles between the axes of the guide members 8 and the horizontal plane can be different.

[0072] The guide slide 31 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is in contact with the lower base plate 1, and the expansion flap 32 and the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30 are both located on the upper surface of the guide slide 31, and the expansion flap 32 and the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40 are located on the upper surface of the guide slide 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40. The guide slide 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40 is sleeved on the central axis 2 and is coaxially arranged with the central axis 2. A flange portion is provided on the lower surface of the guide slide 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40, and the guide slide 31 moves downward along the axial direction of the central axis 2 until it presses against the upper surface of the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30.

[0073] In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is provided with a groove 321, part of the guide member 8 is located in the mounting groove 311 of the guide slide member 31, and the other part of the guide member 8 is located in the groove 321. When the expansion petal 32 reciprocates along the radial direction of the central axis 2, the side wall of the groove 321 and the side wall of the guide member 8 slide in cooperation to ensure the movement accuracy of the expansion petal 32 along the radial direction of the central axis 2. At the same time, because the guide member 8 is located in the groove 321 provided on the bottom surface of the expansion petal 32, the axial dimension of the expansion petal 32, the guide member 8 and the guide slide member 31 after assembly is saved, making the overall structure of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding tooling more compact.

[0074] In this embodiment, the guide groove on the expansion flap 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40 is a first through groove 322 opened on the expansion flap 32. The first through groove 322 penetrates the expansion flap 32 axially along the central axis 2, and the opening of the first through groove 322 faces the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40.

[0075] More specifically, in this embodiment, the second through slot 331 is provided on the oblique wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40, the opening of the second through slot 331 and the opening of the second through slot 331 are arranged opposite to each other, and the guide member 8 is arranged in both the first through slot 322 and the second through slot 331. The same guide member 8 is used to ensure the movement accuracy of the oblique wedge block 33 in the vertical direction, and the movement accuracy of the expansion petal 32 in the radial direction of the central axis 2 is ensured, so as to ensure that the annular thin-walled part 10 will not be deflected after being tensioned.

[0076] Preferably, a guide slot 9 is provided on the expansion petal 32, and the length direction of the guide slot 9 is arranged along the movement direction of the expansion petal 32. The tensioning assembly also includes a third fastener, one end of which passes through the guide slot 9 and can be fixedly connected to the guide slide 31. After the inclined wedge block 33 pushes the expansion petal 32 to move into place, the expansion petal 32 is fixed by the third fastener to prevent the expansion petal 32 from moving. Specifically, the third fastener is a screw.

[0077] Preferably, two groups of guide slots 9 are arranged in parallel on the expansion petal 32, and the guide slots 9 are arranged in parallel along the width direction thereof. Preferably, the guide slots 9 are strip-shaped holes.

[0078] Preferably, the upper pressure plate 5 includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder which are coaxial and connected in sequence along the axial direction of the center axis 2. The diameter of the first cylinder is larger than the diameter of the second cylinder. The second cylinder can extend into the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10 and fit in contact with the inner wall of the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10. The upper end face of the annular thin-walled part 10 is pressed against the lower surface of the first cylinder.

[0079] The working process of the above-mentioned universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling includes: manually sleeve the annular thin-walled part 10 on a group of tensioning assemblies located at the bottom layer, and the inclined wedge block 33 of the group of tensioning assemblies located at the bottom layer pushes the expansion petals 32 of the tensioning assembly to move radially into place, and the expansion petals 32 are fixed by the third fastener. Then, the tensioning assemblies of other groups are installed in sequence, and each group of tensioning assemblies is tensioned at different positions of the annular thin-walled part 10 in the above-mentioned manner, and the inclined wedge block 33 of the group of tensioning assemblies at the top layer is fixed by the first fastener 6, so as to tension the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0080] Specifically, in this embodiment, the annular thin-walled part 10 is manually placed on the lower bottom plate 1, and the lower end surface of the annular thin-walled part 10 contacts the lower bottom plate 1, and the lower bottom plate 1 supports the annular thin-walled part 10. The outer peripheral surface of the guide slide 31 of the first tensioning assembly 30 contacts the inner wall of the bottom end of the annular thin-walled part 10, and the lower end of the annular thin-walled part 10 is supported by the guide slide 31. The inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30 pushes the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 downward to move radially into place. At this time, the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is fastened by the third fastener. At this time, the outer peripheral surface of the first tensioning assembly 30 is in contact with the inner wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 at this location, so that the annular thin-walled part 10 is tensioned. Afterwards, the inclined wedge block 33, the expansion flap 32 and the guide member 8 of the second tensioning assembly 40 are installed, and the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40 pushes the expansion flap 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40 downward to move radially into place, and the third fastener fastens the expansion flap 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40. At this time, the outer peripheral surface of the expansion flap 32 is in contact with the inner wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 at that location, and the first fastener 6 is used to fix the first tensioning assembly 30 and the second tensioning assembly 40 to support and position the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, after each group of tensioning assemblies is installed in place, each group of tensioning assemblies is fixed by screwing the first locking nut to prevent the tensioning assemblies from moving axially along the central axis 2.

[0082] The upper pressing plate 5 is installed and fastened by the second fastener 7. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second locking nut is screwed, and the second locking nut is fastened and locked to the upper pressing plate 5. The tensioning assembly and the upper pressing plate 5 are used to ensure the precise axial positioning of the annular thin-walled part 10. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first tensioning assembly 30, the second tensioning assembly 40 and the upper pressing plate 5 are used to ensure the precise axial positioning of the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0083] The welding parts 20 are precisely positioned by the positioning parts 4 set on the outer peripheral surface of the expansion petal 32, and each welding part 20 is fixed by spot welding. The positioning parts 4 are removed to complete the welding of each part. This is repeated until the parts in the inner support area of ​​the expansion petal 32 are welded. The first fastener 6 is loosened, the upper pressure plate 5 is removed, the second fastener 7 and the third fastener are loosened, the expansion petal 32 of the tensioning assembly is retracted, and the parts are rotated. The above actions are repeated until the welding of the parts is completed. The second fastener 7 is loosened, the upper pressure plate 5 is removed, the first fastener 6 is loosened, the expansion petal 32 of the tensioning assembly is retracted, and the annular thin-walled part 10 after welding is removed.

[0084] Specifically, in this embodiment, two sets of positioning members 4 are provided on the outer circumference of the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 to precisely position the first circular ring member 201 and the second circular ring member 202. A set of positioning members 4 on the outer circumference of the expansion petal 32 of the second tensioning assembly 30 precisely positions the third circular ring member 203, and the first circular ring member 201, the second circular ring member 202 and the third circular ring member 203 are spot welded and fixed, and the positioning members 4 are removed to perform full welding to complete the welding of each part, and this is repeated until the parts in the inner support area of ​​the expansion petal 32 are completely welded.

[0085] Loosen the second fastening nut and remove the upper pressing plate 5. Loosen the first fastening nut and the screws on the expansion petal 32 of the second tensioning assembly 30 that are fastened to the guide slide 31 in sequence, and the expansion petal 32 of the second tensioning assembly 30 is retracted. After disassembling the second tensioning assembly 40, loosen the screws on the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 that are fastened to the guide slide 31 in sequence, and the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is retracted, and the annular thin-walled part 10 is rotated, and the above actions are repeated until all parts are welded.

[0086] Afterwards, loosen the second fastening nut, remove the upper pressure plate 5, loosen the first fastening nut, retract the expansion petals 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the expansion petals 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40, and remove the annular thin-walled part 10 after welding.

[0087] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal conformal welding tool for special-shaped curved surfaces, characterized in that: Used for positioning an annular thin-walled part (10) and a welded part (20) with both ends open, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling comprises: A lower base plate (1) and a central axis (2) arranged at the center of the lower base plate (1); At least one set of tensioning components is arranged from top to bottom along the axial direction of the central axis (2), and the tensioning components include a guide slide (31), an expansion flap (32) and an inclined wedge block (33); The guide slide (31) is sleeved on the central axis (2) and is arranged above the lower base plate (1); The expansion flap (32) can be slidably arranged on the upper surface of the sliding guide (31); The inclined wedge block (33) is arranged above the guide slide (31) and sleeved on the central shaft (2), and the inclined wedge block (33) can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central shaft (2); The outer circumferential surface of the inclined wedge block (33) is provided with a first inclined surface, the expansion flap (32) is provided on the outer circumference of the inclined wedge block (33), and the inner end of the expansion flap (32) is provided with a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface, and the inclined wedge block (33) is lowered to push the expansion flap (32) to slide radially along the central axis (2) to tighten the annular thin-walled part (10); A positioning member (4) is detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning assembly, and the positioning member (4) is used to position the welding member (20).

2. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling also includes an upper pressing plate (5) which is sleeved on the central axis (2), the upper pressing plate (5) being pressed on the upper port of the annular thin-walled part (10), and the upper pressing plate (5) being used to support the upper port of the annular thin-walled part (10).

3. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling further comprises a first fastener (6), the first fastener (6) being fixedly connected to the central shaft (2) and pressed against an upper surface above a group of the tensioning assemblies located at the uppermost layer; And / or, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling further comprises a second fastener (7), the second fastener (7) being fixedly connected to the central axis (2) and pressed against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate (5).

4. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each group of the tensioning components comprises two groups of the expansion petals (32), and the two groups of the expansion petals (32) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis (2). The outer peripheral surface of the expansion petals (32) is a circular arc surface, and the angle range of the circular arc surface is 40°-60°.

5. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling also includes a guide member (8), which is arranged between the guide slide member (31) and the expansion flap (32), and the guide member (8) is arranged on the upper surface of the guide slide member (31), and the guide member (8) is used to provide guidance for the radial movement of the expansion flap (32) along the central axis (2).

6. The universal conformal welding tool for special-shaped curved surfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the guide slide (31) is provided with a mounting groove (311), and the guide member (8) is partially mounted in the mounting groove (311); A guide groove is provided on the expansion flap (32), another part of the guide member (8) is located in the guide groove, and the side surface of the guide member (8) is in close contact with the side surface of the guide groove.

7. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion flap (32) is provided with a guide slot (9), and the length direction of the guide slot (9) is arranged along the movement direction of the expansion flap (32). The tensioning assembly also includes a third fastener, which is located at the bottom layer of the expansion flap (32) of the tensioning assembly, and one end of the third fastener passes through the guide slot (9) to connect with the guide slide (31).

8. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two groups of guide slots (9) are arranged in parallel on the expansion flap (32), and the guide slots (9) are arranged in parallel along the width direction thereof, and are connected to the guide slide member (31) through a fixing member passing through the guide slots (9).

9. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding conformal tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the expansion flap (32) is provided with a plurality of positioning and mounting grooves (323), the bottom of the positioning and mounting groove (323) is provided with a mounting groove hole (324), and one end of the positioning member (4) is inserted into the mounting groove hole (324); The central axis (2) line of each of the mounting slot holes (324) is arranged along the radial direction of the central axis (2).

10. The universal conformal welding tool for special-shaped curved surfaces according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the guide slide (31) of the tensioning assembly of the lowest layer comprises an arc surface, and the arc surface is in close contact with the inner wall of the bottom end opening of the annular thin-walled part (10).

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