Organic fertilizer for planting local cereal crops in plateau region and preparation method of organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer for planting local cereal crops in a plateau region and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The organic fertilizer for planting local cereal crops in the plateau region is prepared from the following preparation raw materials: decomposed animal waste, vermiculite, humic acid, citric acid, fish meal, bone meal, straw, cake meal and a compound microbial agent, the carrier is prepared from decomposed animal waste, vermiculite, humic acid and citric acid, so that the mechanical strength and durability of the carrier can be improved, and a good physical state can be kept in the storage, transportation and use processes; through compound use of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus and adjustment of the dosage ratio of all strains and the viable count of the compound microbial agent, the soil micro-ecological environment can be improved, breeding of beneficial microorganisms in soil is promoted, growth of harmful bacteria is inhibited, and the soil fertility and the water and fertilizer retention capacity are improved; the fertilizer has a good promotion effect on the growth of spring wheat, oat and other plateau cereal crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and more specifically relates to an organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The Inner Mongolia Plateau is vast and has unique natural environmental conditions. Its climate is arid and semi-arid, with relatively little and unevenly distributed precipitation and diverse soil types, including chestnut soil and brown soil. In such an environment, cereal crop cultivation is an important part of agricultural production. Common cereal crop varieties include wheat, oats, and buckwheat. They play an important role in local food supply and animal husbandry development on the basis of adapting to the plateau's climate and soil conditions.

[0003] Over-reliance on the use of chemical fertilizers has long led to many problems, including soil compaction, decreased fertility, and reduced soil microbial diversity. Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter, multiple nutrients, and beneficial microorganisms, and play an irreplaceable role in improving the structure of soil for cereal crops on the Inner Mongolia Plateau, improving soil water and fertilizer retention, and enhancing soil microbial activity. In addition, the rational use of organic fertilizers can help improve the stress resistance of cereal crops, enabling them to better cope with adverse climatic conditions such as drought and low temperatures common on the plateau, ensuring crop yield and quality, and meeting the requirements of sustainable agricultural development.

[0004] The existing commonly used organic fertilizers have the following problems: imperfect fermentation process, inconvenient transportation and storage, etc. The above problems limit the promotion and application of organic fertilizers to a certain extent. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an efficient and stable organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of imperfect fermentation process, inconvenient transportation and storage of existing commonly used organic fertilizers, realize the preparation of efficient and highly stable organic fertilizers, and ensure the high yield and high quality of native cereal crops in plateau areas.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0008] 40-50 parts of decomposed animal manure, 15-25 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 1-5 parts of citric acid, 20-40 parts of fish meal, 30-45 parts of bone meal, 50-80 parts of straw, 20-40 parts of cake and 5-15 parts of compound microbial agent;

[0009] The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus is 1-2:3:1-2, and the viable bacteria count of the composite microbial agent is 1×10 6 ~5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0010] The present invention uses decomposed animal feces and vermiculite to prepare a carrier. Vermiculite has good water absorption, water retention and air permeability, and can adjust the moisture and air content of the composite carrier. After the vermiculite is mixed with the animal feces, the vermiculite can absorb nutrients in the feces to prevent nutrient loss. At the same time, its expansion and porous structure provide a large attachment area for microorganisms, which is conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the carrier. Humic acid and citric acid are also added when preparing the carrier, which play the following roles:

[0011] 1. Improve the physical properties of the carrier: Increase water retention: Humic acid has strong water absorption and water retention, can absorb a large amount of water and slowly release it, which can keep the carrier at a certain moisture content in a dry environment, provide continuous water supply for microorganisms and plant roots, and reduce water evaporation and loss. At the same time, vermiculite itself has good water retention. The combination of the three further enhances the water retention capacity of the carrier. Adjust air permeability: Vermiculite has good air permeability, which can ensure the circulation of air in the carrier and provide necessary conditions for the aerobic respiration of microorganisms; Humic acid can improve the pore structure of the carrier, making the pore size and distribution of the carrier more reasonable, which is conducive to ventilation and maintaining a certain moisture content, thereby creating a good breathing environment for microorganisms and plant roots. Optimize particle structure: Humic acid and citric acid can interact with the components in feces and vermiculite, making the particles of the carrier more stable, not easy to break and pulverize, improving the mechanical strength and durability of the carrier, and helping to maintain a good physical state during storage, transportation and use.

[0012] 2. Improve the chemical fertility of the carrier: Increase the nutrient content: Humic acid itself is rich in nutrients such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and a variety of trace elements, such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, etc., which can provide a comprehensive nutrient supply for plant growth; at the same time, it can also promote the release and transformation of nutrients in feces, so that more nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. exist in the carrier in a form that can be absorbed by plants, thereby improving the nutrient effectiveness of fertilizers. Regulate pH: Feces may produce acidic or alkaline substances during the fermentation process, resulting in unstable pH of the carrier. Humic acid and citric acid have a certain acid-base buffering capacity, which can adjust the pH value of the carrier to keep it within a range suitable for microbial growth and plant absorption of nutrients, creating a stable chemical environment that is conducive to microbial activity and plant growth. Enhance nutrient adsorption and exchange capacity: The molecular structure of humic acid contains a large number of active functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and quinone. These functional groups can undergo adsorption, exchange, and complexation reactions with nutrient ions in the soil, allowing the carrier to adsorb and preserve more nutrients, reduce nutrient leaching and fixation, and improve fertilizer utilization. Promote the activity and reproduction of microorganisms: The active functional groups in humic acid can interact with proteins, polysaccharides and other substances on the surface of microorganisms, stimulate microorganisms to secrete various enzymes and metabolites, and enhance the activity and function of microorganisms, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, etc., thereby improving the biological fertility of the carrier. Enhance the role of promoting plant growth: Promote root development, improve nutrient absorption efficiency, enhance plant stress resistance, etc.

[0013] In addition, the present invention uses a compound of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus, and then adjusts the dosage ratio of each strain and the number of live bacteria of the composite microbial agent, so as to improve the soil microecological environment, promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and improve the soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity, which has a good promoting effect on the growth of plateau cereal crops such as spring wheat and oats.

[0014] Preferably, the step of preparing the decomposed animal feces comprises:

[0015] The animal excrement, yeast and water are mixed and sealed for fermentation to obtain the decomposed animal excrement;

[0016] The added amount of the yeast is 0.1-0.5wt% of the mass of animal feces; the added amount of water is to ensure that the moisture content of the fermentation system is 50-60wt%; the temperature of the sealed fermentation is 40-60°C and the time is 30-40 days.

[0017] Preferably, the particle size of the vermiculite is ≤3 mm; the particle size of the fish meal is 0.5-2 mm; and the particle size of the bone meal is 1-3 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the straw includes one or more of corn straw, wheat straw and highland barley straw; and the length of the straw is 2 to 3 cm.

[0019] Preferably, the meal cake comprises soybean meal and / or rapeseed meal.

[0020] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in the plateau area, comprising the following steps:

[0021] According to the prescribed amount, decomposed animal manure, vermiculite, humic acid and citric acid are mixed to obtain a carrier; the carrier, fish meal, bone meal, straw, cake and composite microbial agent are mixed, and the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio are adjusted to obtain a mixed material; the mixed material is piled into piles for fermentation, and the piles are turned regularly to obtain the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in the plateau area.

[0022] Preferably, the water content of the mixed material is 45-55wt%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30:1.

[0023] Preferably, the fermentation step comprises: piling the mixed material into a pile, covering it with a film, removing the film after the temperature rises to 60-65° C., turning the pile every 2 days, and composting for 18-22 days.

[0024] Preferably, after the fermentation is completed, an aging step is further included; the aging time is 20 to 25 days.

[0025] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide the application of the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas in the field of planting native cereal crops in plateau areas.

[0026] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention combines decomposed animal feces with vermiculite, and adds humic acid and citric acid to prepare a carrier, which can improve the mechanical strength and durability of the carrier, and is conducive to maintaining a good physical state during storage, transportation and use. The surface of the prepared carrier contains abundant void structures and active groups, which provides convenient conditions for the growth of microorganisms, and ensures that active substances such as microorganisms can be better loaded in the carrier, thereby solving the problem of inconvenient transportation and storage of existing organic fertilizers;

[0028] 2. The present invention uses a compound of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus, and adjusts the dosage ratio of each strain and the number of live bacteria of the composite microbial agent to improve the soil microecological environment, promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and improve soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capabilities. It has a good promoting effect on the growth of plateau cereal crops such as spring wheat and oats, and solves the problem of poor fertilizer efficiency of existing organic fertilizers.

[0029] 3. The present invention provides a complete fermentation system that first prepares a carrier and then ferments it through composting, which solves the problem of imperfect fermentation technology of organic fertilizer for planting local cereal crops in plateau areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0032] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0034] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0035] The Bacillus licheniformis used in the present invention was purchased from Wuhan Kangluda Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; and Bacillus laterosporus was purchased from Shandong Yixiou Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0036] The preparation steps of the composite microbial agent used in the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: mixing a suspension of Bacillus licheniformis, a suspension of Bacillus subtilis and a suspension of Bacillus laterosporus, ensuring that the mass ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus is 1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria of the composite microbial agent is 4×10 7 CFU / g.

[0037] The preparation steps of the Bacillus licheniformis suspension are as follows:

[0038] 1. Activation of strains: Under sterile conditions, use an inoculation loop to pick a small amount of strains from the preserved Bacillus licheniformis strain tube, inoculate it onto the slant culture medium, and gently draw lines to evenly distribute the strains on the slant. Place the inoculated slant culture medium into a constant temperature incubator and culture it at 37°C for 24 hours to activate the strains.

[0039] 2. Scrape the bacteria: On a sterile operating table, use a sterile inoculation loop or spatula to gently scrape the Bacillus licheniformis bacteria on the activated slant culture medium and transfer them to a sterile test tube or conical flask containing an appropriate amount of sterile saline.

[0040] 3. Disperse the bacteria: Use a sterile glass rod or pipette to gently stir or blow to evenly disperse the bacteria in the saline solution, and try to avoid creating bubbles.

[0041] 4. Adjust the concentration: As needed, dilute the bacterial suspension with sterile saline to obtain the desired concentration of Bacillus licheniformis suspension.

[0042] The configuration steps of the Bacillus subtilis suspension are as follows:

[0043] 1. Activation of strains: Under sterile conditions, use an inoculation loop to pick a small amount of strains from the preserved Bacillus subtilis strain tube, inoculate it onto the slant culture medium, and gently draw lines to evenly distribute the strains on the slant. Place the inoculated slant culture medium into a constant temperature incubator and culture it at 37°C for 24 hours to activate the strains.

[0044] 2. Scrape the bacteria: On a sterile operating table, use a sterile inoculation loop or spatula to gently scrape the Bacillus subtilis cells on the activated slant culture medium and transfer them to a sterile test tube or conical flask containing an appropriate amount of sterile saline or PBS.

[0045] 3. Disperse the bacteria: Use a sterile glass rod or pipette to gently stir or blow to evenly disperse the bacteria in the solution, and try to avoid creating bubbles.

[0046] 4. Adjust the concentration: Dilute with sterile saline as needed to obtain the desired concentration of Bacillus subtilis suspension.

[0047] The preparation steps of the Bacillus laterosporus bacterial suspension are as follows:

[0048] 1. Activation of bacteria: Under sterile conditions, inoculate Bacillus laterosporus stored at -4°C into TSA medium and culture at 28°C for 48 hours.

[0049] 2. Inoculation and culture: Then, a single colony of Bacillus laterosporus was selected and inoculated into TSA medium, and cultured with shaking at 28° C. and 200 rpm for 24 h to obtain a Bacillus laterosporus suspension.

[0050] Among them, TSA culture medium was purchased from Beijing Aoboxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0051] The preparation steps of the decomposed animal feces used in the present invention are as follows: fresh cow dung is sealed into a fermentation barrel, yeast (commercially available) is added according to 0.1wt% of the weight of the feces, and water is added to cover the animal feces to adjust the moisture content to 50%; during the fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40°C, the pile is turned every 2 days to ensure oxygen supply, the feces are fully decomposed, and the fermentation time is 30 days, until the feces color changes to dark brown, has no obvious odor, and has a loose texture.

[0052] Unless otherwise specified, the remaining raw materials in the examples of the present invention are commercially available products.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment provides an organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas, which is as follows:

[0055] Ingredients:

[0056] 40 parts of decomposed animal feces, 20 parts of vermiculite, 25 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of citric acid, 20 parts of fish meal (particle size 1mm), 30 parts of bone meal (particle size 2mm), 50 parts of corn stalks (length 2.5cm), 25 parts of soybean meal and 5 parts of composite microbial agent;

[0057] Preparation process:

[0058] The vermiculite is crushed and passed through a sieve with an aperture of 3 mm, and the sieve residue is taken for later use; according to the above dosage, decomposed animal feces, vermiculite, humic acid and citric acid are mixed to obtain a carrier; the carrier, fish meal, bone meal, straw, cake and composite microbial agent are mixed, and water is added to adjust the moisture content to 50wt%, and urea is added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25:1 to obtain a mixed material; the mixed material is piled into a pile, covered with a film, and the film is removed after the temperature rises to 65°C, and the pile is turned once every 2 days, and the composting is carried out for 20 days, and then aged for 20 days to obtain the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in the plateau area.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides an organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas, which is as follows:

[0061] Ingredients:

[0062] 45 parts of decomposed animal manure, 25 parts of vermiculite, 24 parts of humic acid, 4 parts of citric acid, 30 parts of fish meal (particle size 1.5mm), 40 parts of bone meal (particle size 3mm), 55 parts of spring wheat straw (length 2.5cm), 25 parts of soybean meal and 5 parts of composite microbial agent;

[0063] Preparation process:

[0064] The vermiculite is crushed and passed through a sieve with an aperture of 3 mm, and the sieve residue is taken for later use; according to the above dosage, decomposed animal feces, vermiculite, humic acid and citric acid are mixed to obtain a carrier; the carrier, fish meal, bone meal, straw, cake and composite microbial agent are mixed, and water is added to adjust the moisture content to 55wt%, and urea is added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 28:1 to obtain a mixed material; the mixed material is piled into a pile, covered with a film, and the film is removed after the temperature rises to 65°C, and the pile is turned once every 2 days, and the composting is carried out for 20 days, and then aged for 20 days to obtain the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in the plateau area.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] This embodiment provides an organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas, which is as follows:

[0067] Ingredients:

[0068] 50 parts of decomposed animal feces, 20 parts of vermiculite, 28 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of citric acid, 35 parts of fish meal (particle size 1.5mm), 30 parts of bone meal (particle size 3mm), 75 parts of spring wheat straw (length 2.5cm), 35 parts of soybean meal and 10 parts of composite microbial agent;

[0069] Preparation process:

[0070] The vermiculite is crushed and passed through a sieve with an aperture of 3 mm, and the sieve residue is taken for later use; according to the above dosage, decomposed animal feces, vermiculite, humic acid and citric acid are mixed to obtain a carrier; the carrier, fish meal, bone meal, straw, cake and composite microbial agent are mixed, and water is added to adjust the moisture content to 45wt%, and urea is added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25:1 to obtain a mixed material; the mixed material is piled into a pile, covered with a film, and the film is removed after the temperature rises to 65°C, and the pile is turned once every 2 days, and the composting is carried out for 20 days, and then aged for 22 days to obtain the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in the plateau area.

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] The difference from Example 1 is that the addition of vermiculite is omitted, and the amount of animal feces is adjusted to 60 parts, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] The difference from Example 1 is that "Bacillus licheniformis" is replaced by an equal amount of "Bacillus subtilis", and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 3

[0076] The difference from Example 1 is that "Bacillus laterosporus" is replaced by an equal amount of "Bacillus subtilis", and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 4

[0078] The difference from Example 1 is that "Bacillus subtilis" is replaced by an equal amount of "Bacillus licheniformis", and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 5

[0080] The difference from Example 1 is that the mass ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus is adjusted to 1:4:2, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0081] Comparative Example 6

[0082] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of decomposed animal feces is adjusted to 30 parts, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0083] Test example

[0084] The experimental field was set up in a spring wheat production base in Inner Mongolia; the soil fertility conditions were 8.2g / kg organic matter, 0.83g / kg total nitrogen, 52mg / kg available phosphorus, 42mg / kg available potassium, 3.9mg / kg nitrate nitrogen, and pH 6.5.

[0085] The test fertilizers were the organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention, and a control group (no fertilizer was applied) was set up, and the test crop was spring wheat.

[0086] 1. Field fertilizer efficiency test:

[0087] When ploughing the land, spread the organic fertilizer evenly on the surface, and then plow the land to fully mix the organic fertilizer with the soil to a depth of 25 cm, providing a long-term nutrient supply for the growth of spring wheat. Except for the treatment without fertilization, the fertilization level is the same, with three replicates for each treatment, and the fertilizer application rate is 300 kg / mu. Sowing is carried out after plowing, and field management is carried out in a conventional and consistent manner during planting, with regular irrigation. After 3 months, the total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrate nitrogen and pH value of the soil are measured. The total nitrogen and organic matter of the soil are determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination and incineration method. Take the average value. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1 Soil properties test

[0089]

[0090] It can be seen from Table 1 that the organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention can improve the soil structure, effectively increase the content of effective components in the soil, and further promote the growth and yield of cereal crops in plateau areas.

[0091] 2. Spring wheat growth (plant height, fresh weight) and yield test:

[0092] The growth of spring wheat was measured 7 days before it matured, and the yield was determined after it matured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0093] Table 2 Spring wheat growth and yield

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] As can be seen from Table 2, the plant height, fresh weight and yield of spring wheat plants were significantly improved after applying the organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention, indicating that the organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention can significantly promote the growth of spring wheat, a cereal crop in plateau areas, and significantly increase its yield.

[0097] 3. Stability test:

[0098] The fertilizers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were stored in a light-shielding environment for 10 months, the stored fertilizers were mixed with soil, and watering was performed regularly to keep the soil moist. After 3 months, the total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrate nitrogen and pH value of the soil were measured. The total nitrogen and organic matter in the soil were determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination and incineration method. The average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0099] Table 3 Soil properties test

[0100]

[0101] From the comparison of Table 1 and Table 3, it can be seen that the organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention has high stability, and there is no serious decrease in fertilizer efficiency after being stored in the dark for 10 months.

[0102] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0103] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas, characterized in that: The preparation comprises the following raw materials by weight: 40-50 parts of decomposed animal manure, 15-25 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 1-5 parts of citric acid, 20-40 parts of fish meal, 30-45 parts of bone meal, 50-80 parts of straw, 20-40 parts of cake and 5-15 parts of compound microbial agent; The composite microbial agent comprises Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus is 1-2:3:1-2, and the viable bacteria count of the composite microbial agent is 1×10 6 ~5×10 8 CFU / g.

2. The organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the decomposed animal feces include: The animal excrement, yeast and water are mixed and sealed for fermentation to obtain the decomposed animal excrement; The yeast is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of the animal feces mass; The amount of water added is to ensure that the moisture content of the fermentation system is 50-60wt%; The temperature of the sealed fermentation is 40-60°C and the time is 30-40 days.

3. The organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the vermiculite is ≤3 mm; and / or the particle size of the fish meal is 0.5-2 mm; and / or the particle size of the bone meal is 1-3 mm.

4. The organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw includes one or more of corn straw, wheat straw and highland barley straw; the length of the straw is 2 to 3 cm.

5. The organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cake comprises soybean meal and / or rapeseed meal.

6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: According to the prescribed amount, decomposed animal manure, vermiculite, humic acid and citric acid are mixed to obtain a carrier; the carrier, fish meal, bone meal, straw, cake and composite microbial agent are mixed, and the moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio are adjusted to obtain a mixed material; the mixed material is piled into piles for fermentation, and the piles are turned regularly to obtain the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in the plateau area.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water content of the mixed material is 45-55wt%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30:

1.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermentation steps include: piling the mixed materials into piles, covering with film, removing the film after the temperature rises to 60-65° C., turning the piles once every 2 days, and composting for 18-22 days.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the fermentation is completed, an aging step is also included; the aging time is 20 to 25 days.

10. Use of the organic fertilizer for planting native cereal crops in plateau areas according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the field of planting native cereal crops in plateau areas.

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