Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The organic compound fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer, an adhesive, a water-retaining agent, a surfactant and an anti-sticking agent, the content of the organic fertilizer is 70 to 75wt%, the content of the adhesive is 8 to 10wt%, the content of the water-retaining agent is 10 to 15wt%, the content of the surfactant is 0 to 7.5 wt%, and the content of the anti-sticking agent is 0 to 2wt%. The surface active agent in the formula can obviously reduce the surface tension of water, so that the water can be more easily spread on the surface of the organic fertilizer in the contact process with the solid organic fertilizer, and the water-retaining agent can be effectively prevented from falling off after the water-retaining agent is adhered to the surface of the organic fertilizer through the adhesive, so that the loss and residual rate is reduced; and the adhesive and the surfactant can mutually promote the action process with the organic waste. The adhesive in the components of the organic fertilizer can fix the water-retaining agent and form a protective layer on the surface of the organic fertilizer, so that a water film layer is formed on the surface of the organic fertilizer, water permeation and microbial decomposition are reduced, the water-retaining property requirement of the composite organic fertilizer is met, nutrient outflow is delayed, and the use effect of the organic fertilizer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic compound fertilizer preparation. Background Art

[0002] During the growth of plants, the water retention capacity and fertility of the soil are key factors in promoting plant growth. In existing agricultural and forestry technologies, organic fertilizers are generally combined with water-replenishing agents to solve this problem. In the prior art, water-retaining agents and organic fertilizers are mostly used alone, and the two cannot be combined. The stability of water-retaining agents in the soil is poor, and they are easily affected by microbial degradation and environmental factors, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the water retention capacity of the compound fertilizer system and cannot function stably for a long time. On the other hand, organic fertilizers generally release nutrients at a faster rate, and the nutrients in the fertilizer are lost faster, which cannot continuously meet the needs of crop growth. These problems have affected the effect of the organic fertilizer system during use. How to effectively combine water-retaining agents with organic fertilizers to slow down the release rate of organic fertilizers and improve the stability of water-retaining agents has become an important issue in the field of agriculture and forestry. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems in the background technology, the present invention provides an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: an organic compound fertilizer, comprising organic fertilizer, adhesive, water retaining agent, surfactant and anti-adhesive agent; the organic fertilizer content is 70-75wt%, the adhesive content is 8-10wt%, the water retaining agent content is 10-15wt%, the surfactant content is 0-7.5wt%, and the anti-adhesive agent content is 0-2wt%.

[0005] The surfactant in the formula of the present invention can significantly reduce the surface tension of water, so that the water can be more easily spread on the surface of the organic fertilizer during the contact process with the solid organic fertilizer. After the adhesive adheres the water retaining agent to the surface of the organic fertilizer, it can effectively prevent the water retaining agent from falling off, thereby reducing the loss residual rate. The adhesive in the ingredients can fix the water retaining agent and form a protective layer on the surface of the organic fertilizer, so that a water film layer is formed on the surface of the organic fertilizer, while reducing water penetration and microbial decomposition, thereby meeting the water retention requirements of the composite organic fertilizer and delaying the outflow of nutrients, thereby improving the use effect of the organic fertilizer.

[0006] Among the above ingredients, the surfactant is more tightly combined with the organic fertilizer under the action of the adhesive, and the adhesive can be better attached to the surface of the organic fertilizer under the action of the surfactant. The two promote each other, making the distribution of the active ingredients on the surface of the organic fertilizer more uniform.

[0007] The adhesive is one or more of natural sugar, modified starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, and bio-based adhesive components.

[0008] The adhesive is preferably maltose, which has good viscosity and good biodegradability, does not cause soil pollution, and can provide an additional carbon source for the soil, promote the reproduction of microorganisms, and improve soil fertility.

[0009] The water retaining agent is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and polyacrylamide. Polypropylene has extremely high water absorption capacity, can absorb and retain a large amount of water, and can absorb water hundreds of times its own weight. In addition to its strong water absorption capacity, sodium polyacrylate can also retain water, slow down the evaporation rate of water, and improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, prevent soil compaction, and promote root growth and development; sodium polyacrylate can also play a bonding role together with the adhesive, improve the bonding effect of the adhesive, and make the water retention effect of the water retaining agent better.

[0010] The surfactant is one or more of sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl mannan polysaccharide, and fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate.

[0011] Among the above-mentioned surfactants, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate is preferred. In addition to being environmentally friendly and improving the uniformity of moisture distribution, this type of surfactant can also play a certain bonding role, improve the mechanical strength of organic fertilizer particles, and reduce dust generation and particle breakage during transportation and storage. In addition, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate has good chemical stability and better compatibility with other ingredients. It can maintain its surface activity in a wide range of soil pH, and can effectively expand the regional adaptability of compound organic fertilizers.

[0012] The anti-sticking agent is silicon dioxide and bentonite. The bentonite in the anti-sticking agent has good adhesion and has good anti-falling performance after being arranged on the surface of the particles. Silicon dioxide, as a hard material, can enhance the particle size of organic fertilizer and reduce the fragmentation of fertilizer during transportation and storage. Silicon dioxide can also increase the thickness of plant cell walls, making it have better anti-lodging performance.

[0013] The present application also relates to a method for preparing the above-mentioned organic compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1 Heating: Heat and stir the organic fertilizer; S2 Wrapping adhesive: Add the adhesive into the mixer and stir it during the heating process of the organic fertilizer; S3: Add water retaining agent and surfactant: Continue stirring, and add the water retaining agent and surfactant that have been stirred in advance during the stirring process; S4 coating the anti-sticking agent: stirring to coat the anti-sticking agent on the surface of the particles to which the water retaining agent has been added; S5 drying.

[0014] The above preparation process has clear steps and is relatively simple to operate, which is conducive to large-scale promotion.

[0015] In the step S1, a blower is used for heating at a temperature of 60° C. At this temperature, effective drying can be performed without destroying the organic matter in the organic fertilizer, and the influence of the processing process on the properties of the organic fertilizer can be effectively reduced.

[0016] The adhesive in step S2 is an aqueous solution with a concentration of 5-10%wt%, and the adhesive is added by a screw pump. During the addition process, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the slurry concentration of the adhesive. For example, if maltose is used as the adhesive, the concentration is controlled to be around 70-80% to have good fluidity. A screw pump is used during the feeding process. Compared with other feeding pumps, this solution has better high viscosity adaptability and lower shear force, which can significantly improve production efficiency and process stability and meet higher conveying accuracy.

[0017] The organic fertilizer in S1 is in powder or granular form. When the organic fertilizer matrix is ​​easily broken, powdered organic fertilizer is used. The surface of small solid particles is wetted to form a core, and then the surface of the core is wetted and placed in a mixture of powder powder and adhesive powder for rolling granulation to increase its diameter; when the diameter of the mixed organic fertilizer particles grows to a predetermined size, the rolling is stopped, which can improve the uniformity of the organic fertilizer and improve the consistency and property stability of the product.

[0018] In step S1, the organic fertilizer is in powder form, and step S4 is performed in a disc granulator. The angle and rotation speed of this type of granulator are very convenient to control, and the controllability and size consistency of the particles are good.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention uses adhesives and surfactants as connecting media between the water retaining agent and the organic fertilizer. The surfactant can significantly reduce the surface tension of water, so that the water can be better spread on the surface of the solid organic fertilizer. The adhesive can form a protective layer on the surface of the organic fertilizer while serving as a connecting point between the water retaining agent and the organic fertilizer. It interacts with the water retaining agent to form a water film layer on the surface of the organic fertilizer, thereby reducing moisture and microbial decomposition, thereby meeting the water retention of the composite fee, delaying the outflow of nutrients, and improving the use effect of the organic fertilizer.

[0020] (2) The adhesive of the present application uses maltose, which has good adhesiveness and good biodegradability. There is no soil pollution during use. Maltose can provide an additional carbon source for the soil, which is beneficial to promote microbial decomposition and improve soil fertility.

[0021] (3) The present application adopts a polypropylene water-retaining agent, which can absorb hundreds of times its own weight of water, which is beneficial to retaining moisture, slowing down water evaporation, improving soil aeration and water permeability, preventing soil compaction, and promoting root growth and development; the polypropylene water-retaining agent can also play an adhesive role with maltose while retaining water, thereby improving the adhesive effect of the adhesive and preventing the water-retaining agent from falling off during use, resulting in a decrease in the soil's water-retaining capacity.

[0022] (4) The surfactant of the present application adopts sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl mannan, or fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate which is less affected by pH. Such surfactants can be applied to soils with a wide range of pH values ​​and are extremely environmentally friendly. When sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate is used, it can promote the interaction between the water retaining agent and the adhesive and enhance the mechanical strength of the organic fertilizer particles, reduce the amount of dust during transportation and storage, and prevent the occurrence of particle breakage.

[0023] (5) The anti-adhesive agent of the present application is a combination of silica and bentonite, which can effectively enhance the particle size of the organic fertilizer while ensuring the bonding stability between the anti-adhesive agent and the inner layer components. The silica component can effectively increase the thickness of the plant's cell wall, allowing the plant to obtain better anti-lodging performance.

[0024] (6) The organic compound fertilizer preparation method of the present application has clear preparation steps and is relatively simple to operate, which is conducive to application and promotion.

[0025] (7) The organic fertilizer processing process of the present application uses a blower to add low temperature, which can prevent the problem of organic fertilizer particles breaking during the processing process, improve the particle integrity, and improve the properties of the organic fertilizer after preparation.

[0026] (8) The organic fertilizer of the present application uses maltose as an adhesive. During the addition of maltose, the fluidity is controlled and a screw pump is used for feeding. The process stability of the feeding process is better, and higher-precision feeding control can be achieved.

[0027] (9) The present application selects the state of the organic fertilizer matrix according to the properties of the organic fertilizer matrix and adopts the rolling granulation method to prepare the composite organic fertilizer, which can improve the consistency and property stability of the product.

[0028] (10) The present application adopts a disc granulator for granulation operation. The control of the angle and rotation speed during the granulation process is very convenient, and the controllability and size consistency of the particles are better than other solutions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown herein can be designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0033] The following are all weight percentages.

[0034] Step 1: Weigh 75% organic fertilizer, 80% maltose syrup (10% concentration), 7% sodium polyacrylate, 7% potassium polyacrylate (20 mesh-60 mesh), 1% sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, and the rest are silicon dioxide and bentonite.

[0035] Step 2: Prepare a blender, pour the organic fertilizer into the blender, set the speed to 45 rpm, and the blast heating temperature to 60°C.

[0036] Step 3: Add maltose syrup to the container and pump the maltose syrup into the mixer using a screw pump.

[0037] Step 4: Mix potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate evenly in advance.

[0038] Step 5: When the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is completely coated with maltose syrup, slowly sprinkle the mixed sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate to roll the particles and stir in a blender for 5 minutes.

[0039] Step 6: Slowly pour silicon dioxide or bentonite powder into the rotating disc granulator, and continue to rotate the disc for 10 minutes; then take out the product and dry it to obtain the organic fertilizer water retaining agent of the present invention. Example 2

[0040] Step 1: Weigh 75% organic fertilizer, 8% maltose syrup with a concentration of 80%, 9% potassium polyacrylate granules (20 mesh-60 mesh), 4% sodium polyacrylate, 2% sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, and the rest are silicon dioxide and bentonite.

[0041] Step 2: Prepare a blender, pour the organic fertilizer into the blender, set the speed to 45 rpm, and the blast heating temperature to 60°C.

[0042] Step 3: Add maltose syrup to the container and pump the maltose syrup into the non-agitator using a screw pump.

[0043] Step 4: Mix potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate evenly in advance.

[0044] Step 5: When the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is completely coated with maltose syrup, slowly sprinkle the mixed sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate to roll the particles and stir in a blender for 5 minutes.

[0045] Step 6: Slowly pour silicon dioxide or bentonite powder into the rotating disc granulator, and continue to rotate the disc for 10 minutes; then take out the product and dry it to obtain the organic fertilizer water retaining agent of the present invention. Example 3

[0046] Step 1: Weigh 75% organic fertilizer, 5% 80% maltose syrup, 10% potassium polyacrylate granules (20 mesh-60 mesh), 5% sodium polyacrylate, 4% sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, and the rest are silicon dioxide and bentonite.

[0047] Step 2: Prepare a blender, pour the organic fertilizer into the blender, set the speed to 45 rpm, and the blast heating temperature to 60°C.

[0048] Step 3: Add maltose syrup into the container and pump the maltose syrup into the agitator using a screw pump.

[0049] Step 4: Mix potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate evenly in advance.

[0050] Step 5: When the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is completely coated with maltose syrup, slowly sprinkle the mixed sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate to roll the particles and stir in a blender for 5 minutes.

[0051] Step 6: Slowly pour silicon dioxide or bentonite powder into the rotating disc granulator, and continue to rotate the disc for 10 minutes; then take out the product and dry it to obtain the organic fertilizer water retaining agent of the present invention. Example 4

[0052] Step 1: Weigh 70% organic fertilizer, 10% 80% maltose syrup, 11% potassium polyacrylate granules (20 mesh-60 mesh), 0.75% sodium polyacrylate, 7.5% sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate, and the rest are silicon dioxide and bentonite.

[0053] Step 2: Prepare a blender, pour the organic fertilizer into the blender, set the speed to 45 rpm, and the blast heating temperature to 60°C.

[0054] Step 3: Add maltose syrup to the container and use a screw pump to pump the maltose syrup into the continuously rotating agitator.

[0055] Step 4: Mix potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate evenly in advance.

[0056] Step 5: When the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is completely coated with maltose syrup, slowly sprinkle the mixed sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate to roll the particles and stir in a blender for 5 minutes.

[0057] Step 6: Slowly pour silicon dioxide or bentonite powder into the rotating disc granulator, and continue to rotate the disc for 10 minutes; then take out the product and dry it to obtain the organic fertilizer water retaining agent of the present invention. Example 5

[0058] Step 1: Weigh 70% organic fertilizer, 10% 80% maltose syrup, 14% polyacrylamide particles (20 mesh-60 mesh), 0.75% sodium polyacrylate, 2% alkyl mannan, and the rest are silicon dioxide and bentonite.

[0059] Step 2: Prepare a blender, pour the organic fertilizer into the blender, set the speed to 45 rpm, and the blast heating temperature to 60°C.

[0060] Step 3: Add maltose syrup to the container and use a screw pump to pump the maltose syrup into the continuously rotating agitator.

[0061] Step 4: Mix potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate evenly in advance.

[0062] Step 5: When the surface of the organic fertilizer particles is completely coated with maltose syrup, slowly sprinkle the mixed sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate to roll the particles and stir in a blender for 5 minutes.

[0063] Step 6: Slowly pour silicon dioxide or bentonite powder into the rotating disc granulator, and continue to rotate the disc for 10 minutes; then take out the product and dry it to obtain the organic fertilizer water retaining agent of the present invention.

[0064] Take 2 kg of each of the above samples and mix them evenly into the blank sand sample at a dosage of 40 t / hectare. Use containers of the same specifications to place the samples. Place a layer of filter paper at the bottom of the container before laying the samples. Use a dropper to add water until water starts to flow out from the bottom of the container.

[0065] The container containing the soil sample was placed in an environment of 25°C and 70% relative humidity. After an interval of 72 hours, two parallel samples were taken from the soil using a ring knife and divided into two groups, A and B. Group A was tested with a pressure membrane instrument at 0.33 bar (the general pressure point of field water holding capacity), and Group B was tested with a tensiometer. After the test, the sample was dried and the average value was taken after three tests. The parameters finally obtained are as follows:

[0066] As shown in the table above, the use of the organic fertilizer compounding scheme of the present invention can significantly enhance the soil water retention effect.

[0067] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic compound fertilizer, characterized in that: It comprises organic fertilizer, adhesive, water retaining agent, surfactant and anti-adhesive agent; the content of the organic fertilizer is 70-75wt%, the content of the adhesive is 8-10wt%, the content of the water retaining agent is 10-15wt%, the content of the surfactant is 0-7.5wt%, and the content of the anti-adhesive agent is 0-2wt%.

2. An organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive is one or more of natural sugar, modified starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, and bio-based adhesive components.

3. An organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retaining agent is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide.

4. An organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is one or more of sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl mannan polysaccharide, and fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate.

5. An organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-sticking agent is silicon dioxide or bentonite.

6. The method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1 Heating: Heat and stir the organic fertilizer; S2 Wrapping adhesive: Add the adhesive into the mixer and stir it during the heating process of the organic fertilizer; S3: Add water retaining agent and surfactant: Continue stirring, and add the water retaining agent and surfactant that have been stirred in advance during the stirring process; S4: Coating the anti-sticking agent: Stirring to coat the anti-sticking agent on the surface of the particles to which the water retaining agent has been added; S5 drying.

7. A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S1, a blower is used for heating, and the heating temperature is 60°C.

8. A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adhesive in step S2 is an aqueous solution with a concentration of 5-10%wt%, and is added using a screw pump.

9. The method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein: The organic fertilizer in S1 is in powder or granular form.

10. The method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step S1, the organic fertilizer is in powder form, and the step S4 is performed in a disc granulator.

Images