Preparation method and application of water retention conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a water retention conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products, and relates to the technical field of soil conditioning. A straw and cow dung fermentation product is used as a carrier, amino acid salt, monopotassium phosphate and potassium chloride are added, nutrition can be provided, soil can be improved, the cow dung fermentation product contains macromolecular humus substances, soil colloids are increased, and the water retention effect is achieved by promoting formation of a soil aggregate structure; meanwhile, the fertilizer can meet the requirements of plants on medium and trace nutrient elements in the growth and development process, promote the growth and development of beneficial microorganisms in soil and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer. The preparation method of the water-retaining conditioner containing the straw and cow dung fermentation product is applied to drought soil improvement, water can be absorbed and retained by adding the water-retaining agent, soil aggregates can be increased by increasing humus substances, the buffer performance and the water-retaining capacity of soil are effectively improved, evaporation and loss of water are reduced, and the soil quality is improved. The water utilization efficiency of the soil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil conditioning, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products. Background Art

[0002] Soil conditioners can break up soil compaction, loosen the soil, improve soil permeability, reduce soil bulk density, increase the content of large soil aggregates, improve soil water retention capacity, promote soil microbial activity, and enhance soil fertilizer and water penetration; they have the functions of improving soil, controlling desertification, conserving water and resisting drought, enhancing crop disease resistance, increasing crop yields, improving the quality of agricultural products, restoring the original ecology of crops, and greatly increasing the survival rate of fruit tree plantings and agricultural product yields.

[0003] The invention of publication number CN106147782A discloses a soil conditioner for maintaining soil moisture and a preparation method, which improves the buffering performance and water retention capacity of the soil through polyacrylate, acrylate and acrylamide. At present, many growers improperly handle the soil during planting. Improper handling of soil conditioners and lack of water retention will lead to rapid loss of water. Under extreme temperature conditions, the soil may more easily become dry or overly wet, affecting the health of plants and causing instability in the ecosystem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products and an application thereof, thereby solving the existing problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix and stir the weighed bentonite, water-retaining agent and ceramsite, and dry and grind them after stirring evenly; Step 2: adding the weighed amino acid salt, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, fermented product and the above powder into a magnetic stirrer, mixing, and heating and keeping warm to obtain a composite material; Step 3: Mix and stir the weighed super absorbent resin, inorganic film conditioner and plasticizer to obtain a coating agent; Step 4: Put the above composite material into a drum coating machine. While the composite material is rolling in the drum, a coating agent is added thereto until a separation film is formed on the surface of the composite material. The composite material is then dried to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0006] Preferably, in step 1, the drying temperature is 80-90° C., the drying time is 25-30 minutes, and the powder is ground to a particle size of 180-200 mesh.

[0007] Preferably, the amino acid salt in step 2 includes glycine salt, histidine salt and alanine salt in a mass ratio of 1:3:2.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring speed of the magnetic stirrer in step 2 is 300-60 pm, the heating temperature is 60-80° C., the heating time is 3-4 h, and the insulation time is 10-12 h.

[0009] Preferably, the plasticizer is one of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the water retaining agent is: S1: CaO, Al2O3 and CaSO4·2H2O were accurately weighed in a molar ratio of 3:1:3 and slowly added into a 100 ml hydrothermal kettle containing 75 ml distilled water; S2: subjecting the mixture to a hydrothermal treatment at a temperature ranging from 160 to 240 degrees Celsius for a duration of 2 hours; S3: After the treatment is completed, carefully remove the mixture from the hydrothermal kettle and allow it to cool naturally to room temperature; S4: After cooling, transfer the mixture to a mortar and grind it thoroughly with a pestle for 30 minutes to ensure that the particle size is uniform and fine. S5: placing the ground mixture in an environment of 80 degrees Celsius for aging for 24 hours; S6: washing the filtered solid with distilled water for 3 to 5 times to remove impurities attached to the surface, and then washing with anhydrous ethanol for 3 to 5 times to further purify; S7: After washing, the solid is placed at room temperature to dry until there is no obvious moisture on its surface. After drying, it is ground again until the solid is in a fine state without obvious particles. At this time, the soil water retaining agent is obtained.

[0011] Preferably, the fermentation method of the fermented product is: 1) Cow dung is used as the core raw material. Due to its high water content and high humus content, it is necessary to mix low-water content conditioning materials such as weathered coal, oil shale and corn stalks in proportion, and add an appropriate amount of composite bacterial agent; 2) Carefully mix the mixture to maintain a moisture content between 45% and 55%, while ensuring that its carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) is in the range of 15 to 30; 3) Stir the mixture thoroughly and stack it in the form of strips for fermentation.

[0012] Preferably, during the fermentation process, the pile is regularly stirred and aerated to promote fermentation.

[0013] Preferably, the water-retaining conditioner is used for arid soil improvement, crop planting, afforestation and greening, and lawn and flower maintenance.

[0014] Beneficial Effects The present invention provides a preparation method and application of a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. The preparation method and application of the water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products can absorb and retain water by adding a water-retaining agent, which can effectively improve the buffering performance and water-retaining capacity of the soil, reduce water evaporation and loss, better supply water to plants, and improve the water utilization efficiency of the soil.

[0015] 2. The preparation method and application of the water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products can provide nutrition by adding straw and cow dung fermentation products, amino acid salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium chloride. The straw and cow dung fermentation products contain a high content of humus components, which has the effect of improving the soil. At the same time, it can increase the microbial activity and water-soluble organic matter content in the soil, thereby increasing soil colloids, promoting the transformation of aggregate structure from small aggregates to large aggregates, and increasing the water-retaining performance of the soil, so that it can meet the needs of plants for medium and trace nutrients during growth and development, promote the growth and development of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and improve fertilizer utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the water-retaining agent of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the fermentation product preparation process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See Figure 1-3 , the present invention provides the following multiple technical solutions: The first embodiment: A method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products, the water-retaining conditioner comprising: 18-20 parts of bentonite, 60-70 parts of water-retaining agent, 5-8 parts of ceramsite, 4-5 parts of amino acid salt, 6-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-7 parts of potassium chloride, 80-100 parts of fermentation products, and 30-45 parts of coating agent.

[0019] The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix and stir the weighed bentonite, water-retaining agent and ceramsite, and dry and grind them after stirring evenly; Step 2: Add the weighed amino acid salt, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, fermentation product and the above powder into a magnetic stirrer for mixing at a stirring speed of 300-60 pm, and heat and keep warm at a heating temperature of 60-80° C. for 3-4 hours and a heat preservation time of 10-12 hours to obtain a composite material, wherein the amino acid salt includes glycine salt, histidine salt and alanine salt in a mass ratio of 1:3:2; Step 3: Mix and stir the weighed super absorbent resin, inorganic film conditioner and plasticizer to obtain a coating agent, wherein the plasticizer is one of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol; Step 4: Put the above composite material into a drum coating machine. While the composite material is rolling in the drum, a coating agent is added thereto until a separation film is formed on the surface of the composite material. The composite material is then dried to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0020] The second embodiment: the preparation method of the water retaining agent is: S1: CaO, Al2O3 and CaSO4·2H2O were accurately weighed in a molar ratio of 3:1:3 and slowly added into a 100 ml hydrothermal kettle containing 75 ml distilled water; S2: subjecting the mixture to a hydrothermal treatment at a temperature ranging from 160 to 240 degrees Celsius for a duration of 2 hours; S3: After the treatment is completed, carefully remove the mixture from the hydrothermal kettle and allow it to cool naturally to room temperature; S4: After cooling, transfer the mixture to a mortar and grind it thoroughly with a pestle for 30 minutes to ensure that the particle size is uniform and fine. S5: placing the ground mixture in an environment of 80 degrees Celsius for aging for 24 hours; S6: washing the filtered solid with distilled water for 3 to 5 times to remove impurities attached to the surface, and then washing with anhydrous ethanol for 3 to 5 times to further purify; S7: After washing, the solid is placed at room temperature to dry until there is no obvious moisture on its surface. After drying, it is ground again until the solid is in a fine state without obvious particles. At this time, the soil water retaining agent is obtained.

[0021] The third embodiment: the fermentation method of the fermented product is: 1) Cow dung is used as the core raw material. In view of its high water content and high humus content, it is necessary to mix low-water content conditioning materials such as weathered coal, oil shale and corn stalks in proportion, and add an appropriate amount of composite bacterial agent, which is a combination of one or more of halophilic Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus; 2) Carefully mix the mixture to maintain a moisture content between 45% and 55%, while ensuring that its carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) is in the range of 15 to 30; 3) Stir the mixture thoroughly and stack it in the form of strips for fermentation.

[0022] In this embodiment, the pile needs to be regularly turned over and stirred and aerated during the fermentation process to promote the fermentation of the pile. As the temperature gradually increases to 50 to 65 degrees Celsius, it can not only effectively kill the bacteria and insect eggs in the raw materials, but also evaporate a large amount of water therein.

[0023] In this embodiment, temperature control management: During the fermentation process, daily monitoring of the temperature, moisture and permeability of the fermentation pile is essential. Regular daily testing can ensure the smooth progress of the fermentation process. Due to the active action of microorganisms, the organic matter content, moisture, temperature, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N ratio) and pH value in the pile will change dynamically. Therefore, in order to maintain the optimal state of fermentation, these parameters must be tested and adjusted accordingly on a regular basis.

[0024] In terms of compost turning operations, we follow the principle of "not equalizing temperature when time arrives, and not equalizing time when temperature arrives". Specifically, in the early low-temperature stage of fermentation, the compost should be turned regularly regardless of the temperature to ensure uniform fermentation of the pile. When entering the middle high-temperature stage, once the temperature reaches about 65°C, the compost must be turned immediately to prevent the pile temperature from being too high and exceeding the specified upper limit (this should be the limit value under specific conditions, and in actual operation it should be lower than this temperature to avoid overheating).

[0025] Post-fermentation processing stage: After high-temperature fermentation, the material has been basically harmless, most of the soluble organic matter has been converted, and the biochemical reaction rate has gradually slowed down. At this time, the material can be piled up separately for post-ripening treatment to promote further stabilization of organic matter and effectively utilize the fermentation site. The height of the secondary composting pile is generally set at 2 meters, while the width and length of the pile are determined according to the actual situation of the workshop. The time for post-ripening treatment is usually between 5 and 7 days.

[0026] In order to maintain the air permeability of the pile, you can regularly blow air at the bottom of the pile. In addition, if necessary, you can use a long wooden stick to regularly poke holes in the pile to increase air permeability. These measures help ensure the complete degradation of organic matter during the secondary composting process and ultimately transform it into stable humus.

[0027] Fourth embodiment: The water-retaining conditioner is used for the improvement of arid soil, crop planting, afforestation and greening, and lawn and flower maintenance.

[0028] Improvement of arid soil: increase microbial activity and soil humus content, increase soil colloids, and promote the formation of aggregate structure Crop planting: Water retaining agents can absorb and store a large amount of water, forming a "micro-reservoir" that slowly releases water for crops to absorb during droughts, thereby significantly improving the drought resistance of crops. At the same time, it can also improve soil structure, increase soil moisture absorption, water permeability and aeration, which is beneficial to the growth and development of crop roots, and promote overall crop growth and yield.

[0029] Afforestation and greening: Using water retaining agents in the afforestation process can significantly increase the survival rate of seedlings. Water retaining agents can absorb and store water for seedlings to absorb and use, providing necessary water support for seedlings during droughts. In addition, it can improve the soil environment and promote the growth and expansion of tree roots.

[0030] Lawn and flower maintenance: Using water retainers in lawn maintenance can significantly improve the drought resistance and greening effect of the lawn. For flower cultivation, water retainers can extend the viewing period and preservation period of flowers, and reduce the withering of flowers and leaves due to water shortage.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: Water-retaining conditioner without water-retaining agent A method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix and stir the weighed bentonite and ceramsite, and then dry and grind them after stirring evenly; Step 2: Add the weighed amino acid salt, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, fermentation product and the above powder into a magnetic stirrer for mixing at a stirring speed of 300-60 pm, and heat and keep warm at a heating temperature of 60-80° C. for 3-4 hours and a heat preservation time of 10-12 hours to obtain a composite material, wherein the amino acid salt includes glycine salt, histidine salt and alanine salt in a mass ratio of 1:3:2; Step 3: Mix and stir the weighed super absorbent resin, inorganic film conditioner and plasticizer to obtain a coating agent, wherein the plasticizer is one of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol; Step 4: Put the above composite material into a drum coating machine. While the composite material is rolling in the drum, a coating agent is added thereto until a separation film is formed on the surface of the composite material. The composite material is then dried to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 Preparation of a water-retaining conditioner without adding fermented material A method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix and stir the weighed bentonite, water-retaining agent and ceramsite, and dry and grind them after stirring evenly; Step 2: Add the weighed amino acid salt, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride and the above powder into a magnetic stirrer for mixing at a stirring speed of 300-60 pm, and heat and keep warm at a heating temperature of 60-80°C for 3-4 hours and a holding time of 10-12 hours to obtain a composite material, wherein the amino acid salt includes glycine salt, histidine salt and alanine salt in a mass ratio of 1:3:2; Step 3: Mix and stir the weighed super absorbent resin, inorganic film conditioner and plasticizer to obtain a coating agent, wherein the plasticizer is one of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol; Step 4: Put the above composite material into a drum coating machine. While the composite material is rolling in the drum, a coating agent is added thereto until a separation film is formed on the surface of the composite material. The composite material is then dried to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Based on the above three application tests, it can be seen that the water-retaining conditioner provided by the present invention can absorb and retain water, promote the formation of soil aggregates, effectively improve the water retention capacity of the soil, reduce water evaporation and loss, better supply water to plants, and improve the water use efficiency of the soil. By increasing the comparative proportion, it is found that different ingredients play different roles in the formula. The lack of water-retaining agent and straw and cow dung fermentation may cause the water retention performance of the soil conditioner to decrease as a whole or fail to achieve the expected effect.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Mix and stir the weighed bentonite, water-retaining agent and ceramsite, and dry and grind them after stirring evenly; Step 2: adding the weighed fermented material, amino acid salt, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride and the above powder into a magnetic stirrer, mixing, and heating and keeping warm to obtain a composite material; Step 3: Mix and stir the weighed super absorbent resin, inorganic film conditioner and plasticizer to obtain a coating agent; Step 4: Put the above composite material into a drum coating machine. While the composite material is rolling in the drum, a coating agent is added thereto until a separation film is formed on the surface of the composite material. The composite material is then dried to obtain a soil conditioner.

2. The method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the drying temperature is 80-90° C., the drying time is 25-30 minutes, and the powder is ground to a particle size of 180-200 mesh.

3. The method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid salts in step 2 include glycine salt, histidine salt and alanine salt, with a mass ratio of 1:3:

2.

4. The method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the magnetic stirrer in step 2 is 300-60 pm, the heating temperature is 60-80° C., the heating time is 3-4 h, and the insulation time is 10-12 h.

5. The method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is one of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

6. The method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the water retaining agent is: S1: CaO, Al2O3 and CaSO4·2H2O were accurately weighed in a molar ratio of 3:1:3 and slowly added into a 100 ml hydrothermal kettle containing 75 ml distilled water; S2: subjecting the mixture to a hydrothermal treatment at a temperature ranging from 160 to 240 degrees Celsius for a duration of 2 hours; S3: After the treatment is completed, carefully remove the mixture from the hydrothermal kettle and allow it to cool naturally to room temperature; S4: After cooling, transfer the mixture to a mortar and grind it thoroughly with a pestle for 30 minutes to ensure that the particle size is uniform and fine. S5: placing the ground mixture in an environment of 80 degrees Celsius for aging for 24 hours; S6: washing the filtered solid with distilled water for 3 to 5 times to remove impurities attached to the surface, and then washing with anhydrous ethanol for 3 to 5 times to further purify; S7: After washing, the solid is placed at room temperature to dry until there is no obvious moisture on its surface. After drying, it is ground again until the solid is in a fine state without obvious particles. At this time, the soil water retaining agent is obtained.

7. The preparation method and application of a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation method of the fermented product is: 1) Cow dung is used as the core raw material. Due to its high water content and high humus content, it is necessary to mix low-water content conditioning materials such as weathered coal, oil shale and corn stalks in proportion, and add an appropriate amount of composite bacterial agent; 2) Through careful blending, the water content of the mixture is maintained between 45% and 55%, while ensuring that its carbon-nitrogen ratio is within the range of 15 to 30; 3) Stir the mixture thoroughly and stack it in the form of strips for fermentation.

8. The method for preparing a water-retaining conditioner containing straw and cow dung fermentation products according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the fermentation process, the pile needs to be turned, stirred and aerated regularly to promote the fermentation of the pile.

9. An application of a water-retaining conditioner containing a fermented product of straw and cow dung, based on a preparation method of a water-retaining conditioner containing a fermented product of straw and cow dung, characterized in that: The water-retaining conditioner is used for improving arid soil, crop planting, afforestation and greening, and lawn and flower maintenance.

Images