Treatment method of zinc-containing oxide material and partitioned smelting furnace

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, and particularly relates to a treatment method of a zinc-containing oxide material and a partitioned smelting furnace. The partitioned smelting furnace comprises a hearth; a first reduction area and a second reduction area are arranged in the hearth; a partition wall is arranged at the bottom of the first reduction area and the second reduction area; a side-blowing spray gun is arranged in the first reduction area; an electrode is arranged in the second reduction area. The method for treating the zinc-containing oxide material by using the partitioned smelting furnace comprises the following steps: placing the zinc-containing oxide material in a first reduction zone, adding a first reducing agent and oxygen-enriched air, and reacting at 1300-1400 DEG C to obtain first slag, first molten iron and first zinc-containing flue gas; mixing the first slag, a second reducing agent and a slag former in a second reduction zone, and reacting at 1100-1300 DEG C to obtain second zinc-containing flue gas and secondary reduction residues; and adding a second reducing agent into the secondary reduction residues, and reacting at 1400-1600 DEG C to obtain second molten iron, tailings and coal gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting, and in particular relates to a processing method for zinc oxide-containing materials and a zoned smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Zinc is one of the top ten nonferrous metals and is widely used in various fields. For example, galvanizing can make the material have excellent corrosion resistance. Zinc alloys have been widely used in the machinery industry, automobile manufacturing and other fields. Zinc batteries also have certain development prospects. At present, the methods for treating zinc oxide materials to extract zinc are mainly pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy; the pyrometallurgy mainly includes blast furnace, vertical tank and electric furnace processes; the hydrometallurgy mainly involves acid leaching to obtain zinc salt, and then electrolysis and casting to obtain elemental zinc. Among them, the use of blast furnace and vertical tank pyrometallurgy for zinc smelting has high requirements for raw material composition and complex material preparation process; while the electric furnace process requires the control of furnace atmosphere and temperature, and the bed capacity and reduction efficiency are low; the three pyrometallurgy zinc smelting processes all have the disadvantages of low zinc direct recovery rate, high zinc content in slag, low total zinc recovery rate, and generally high energy consumption. Moreover, now only the blast furnace can produce more than 100,000 tons of zinc per year, and the single series production capacity of vertical tanks and electric furnaces is only a few thousand tons per year, which is completely unable to meet the requirements of modern large-scale industrial production. The main drawbacks of wet zinc extraction are complicated procedures, high energy consumption and high costs. The DC power consumption of a single electrolytic process is as high as 3000kWh per ton of zinc. In addition, wet zinc extraction will also produce leaching slag and iron slag with an output rate of more than 50%. These slags are all hazardous wastes and need to be rendered harmless before discharge, which further increases costs and brings more pollution. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of low zinc recovery rate, low processing efficiency, high energy consumption, high carbon emissions, and high output of pollutant solid waste when processing zinc oxide-containing materials to extract zinc in the prior art, thereby providing a method for processing zinc oxide-containing materials and a zoned smelting furnace.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] The present invention provides a partitioned smelting furnace, comprising a furnace; a first reduction zone and a second reduction zone are arranged inside the furnace; the upper parts of the first reduction zone and the second reduction zone are connected, and a partition wall is arranged between the bottom of the first reduction zone and the bottom of the second reduction zone; a side blowing spray gun is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the first reduction zone; and the second reduction zone is provided with an electrode.

[0006] Optionally, the partition wall includes a cooling device; optionally, the cooling device is a copper water jacket; further optionally, the partition wall includes 1 to 5 layers of copper water jackets; further optionally, the partition wall also includes refractory castables.

[0007] Optionally, the height of the partition wall is 20% to 30% of the furnace height.

[0008] Optionally, the bottom area of ​​the second reduction zone accounts for 60% to 80% of the bottom area of ​​the furnace.

[0009] Optionally, the partition wall includes a double-layer copper water jacket, the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket is coated with steel fiber reinforced refractory castable, and the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket is also welded with anchor nails for fixing the steel fiber reinforced refractory castable. Typically, but not limited to, the anchor nails include at least one of V-shaped anchor nails and Y-shaped anchor nails; the anchor nails are staggered and evenly distributed, with a spacing of 150-200 mm.

[0010] Optionally, 1 to 50 side-blowing lances are provided in the first reduction zone.

[0011] Optionally, the first reduction zone includes a siphon slag inlet and / or a first feeding port; optionally, the first feeding port includes 1 to 5 first feeding ports; optionally, a matching supplementary heat device may be further provided at the siphon slag inlet.

[0012] Optionally, the second reduction zone includes an electrode port and a second feeding port; optionally, the second feeding port includes 3 to 15 second feeding ports; optionally, the electrode port includes 1 to 10 electrode ports. Typically, but not limited to, when the electrode port and the second feeding port are provided, the second feeding port is located between the electrode ports to make feeding more uniform.

[0013] Optionally, the zoned smelting furnace further comprises a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is located at the center of the top of the smelting furnace. Typically, but not limitedly, the flue gas outlet is further connected to a device for further processing the flue gas, including a condensing device, and the condensing device includes any one of a zinc rain condensing device and a lead rain condensing device.

[0014] Optionally, the first reduction zone further includes a first slag discharge port and a first vent port, which are used for maintenance and overhaul of the spray gun and the furnace body in this zone.

[0015] Optionally, the second reduction zone further includes a second slag tapping port, a second venting port, and a metal tapping port.

[0016] In the zoned smelting furnace provided by the present invention, the electric energy used in the second reduction zone includes any one of direct current and alternating current.

[0017] The zoned smelting furnace provided by the present invention typically but not restrictively adopts its own cooling method for each part of the furnace body according to needs, and adopts an overall elastic skeleton furnace type to ensure a long furnace life.

[0018] The present invention provides a method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material, using the above-mentioned zoned smelting furnace, comprising the following steps: S1: placing the zinc oxide material in the first reduction zone, spraying the first reducing agent and oxygen-enriched air into the first reduction zone through a side-blowing spray gun, and performing a first reduction reaction at 1300-1400° C. to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing fume; the first slag overflows from the first reduction zone through the partition wall to the second reduction zone; S2: mixing the first slag, the second reducing agent and the slag-forming agent in a second reduction zone, and performing a second reduction reaction at 1100-1300° C. to obtain a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue; S3: adding a second reducing agent to the secondary reduction residue, raising the temperature to 1400-1600° C. to perform a third reduction reaction to obtain a second molten iron, tailings and coal gas.

[0019] Optionally, the first reducing agent includes a solid reducing agent and / or a gaseous reducing agent; optionally, the solid reducing agent includes at least one of coke powder and granular coal; optionally, the gaseous reducing agent includes at least one of natural gas and coal gas, and the coal gas used may be the coal gas produced during the treatment process; further optionally, the particle size of the solid reducing agent is 100~300 mesh.

[0020] Optionally, the second reducing agent includes a carbonaceous reducing agent and / or a siliceous reducing agent; optionally, the carbonaceous reducing agent includes at least one of coke and granular coal; optionally, the siliceous reducing agent includes at least one of ferrosilicon and single crystal silicon waste.

[0021] Optionally, the second reduction reaction and the third reduction reaction are both performed by electrothermal reduction.

[0022] Optionally, the slag forming agent includes calcium oxide.

[0023] Optionally, the volume of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30% to 90%.

[0024] Optionally, the first zinc-containing flue gas and the second zinc-containing flue gas are condensed and recovered.

[0025] Optionally, in S2, a slag-forming agent is added to make the calcium-silicon ratio in the slag be 0.8~1.5:1.

[0026] Optionally, in S1, a first reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of C in the first reducing agent to Zn in the zinc oxide-containing material is 1-2:1.

[0027] Optionally, in S2, the second reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag is 1~1.5:1; or, in S2, the second reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of Si in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag is 0.5~1:1.

[0028] Optionally, in S3, a second reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Fe in the secondary reduction residue is 1-2:1.

[0029] Optionally, the zinc oxide-containing material includes a molten zinc oxide-containing material and / or a solid zinc oxide-containing material.

[0030] Optionally, in S1, the molten zinc oxide material is added through a siphon slag inlet. Optionally, the material added through the first feeding port and the second feeding port is used in a manner including closed spiral feeding. This can help ensure the airtightness of the furnace during the treatment process, thereby helping the metallic zinc to be produced in the form of zinc vapor.

[0031] Optionally, in S1, the solid zinc oxide-containing material is added through a first feeding port.

[0032] Optionally, in S2, the second reducing agent is added through the second feeding port.

[0033] In the method for treating zinc oxide-containing materials provided by the present invention, in the first zinc-containing flue gas, zinc exists in the form of metallic zinc vapor.

[0034] The method for treating the zinc oxide-containing material provided by the present invention requires that the smelting furnace be kept airtight and operated under positive pressure during the treatment process.

[0035] The method for treating zinc oxide-containing materials provided by the present invention can obtain tailings that can be used to produce mineral fibers and building materials, etc.; the obtained coal gas can be returned to the preceding step to be used as fuel, or introduced into other systems for use as fuel.

[0036] In the method for treating zinc oxide-containing materials provided by the present invention, in S1, the first reducing agent and oxygen-enriched air are added through a side-blowing spray gun, and the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed while the first reducing agent is sprayed, so as to reduce the content of impurity gases in the flue gas.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The partitioned smelting furnace provided by the present invention comprises a furnace; a first reduction zone and a second reduction zone are arranged inside the furnace; the upper parts of the first reduction zone and the second reduction zone are connected, and a partition wall is arranged between the bottom of the first reduction zone and the bottom of the second reduction zone; a side-blowing spray gun is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the first reduction zone; and an electrode is arranged in the second reduction zone. The use of a furnace type that is partitioned for smelting but combined into one body, the equipment occupies a small area; it is convenient for the partitioned continuous smelting of raw materials, can reduce the operation of melt discharge and addition, and has a higher production operation rate; the reduction zone with a low temperature can use the reduction zone with a high temperature to maintain a certain temperature, saving a certain amount of energy consumption.

[0038] The processing method of the zinc oxide material provided by the present invention uses the above-mentioned zone smelting furnace, comprising the following steps: S1: placing the zinc oxide material in the first reduction zone, spraying the first reducing agent and oxygen-enriched air into the first reduction zone through a side-blowing spray gun, and performing a first reduction reaction at 1300-1400°C to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing flue gas; the first slag overflows from the first reduction zone to the second reduction zone through the partition wall; S2: mixing the first slag, the second reducing agent, and the slag-making agent in the second reduction zone, performing a second reduction reaction at 1100-1300°C, and obtaining a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue; S3: adding a second reducing agent to the secondary reduction residue, heating to 1400-1600°C for a third reduction reaction, and obtaining a second molten iron, tailings, and coal gas. The method has a short process flow, low energy consumption, and can deeply recover valuable components in the zinc oxide material, and the zinc content in the tailings can be reduced to 0.5%. The above-mentioned zoned smelting furnace is used to process the zinc oxide material, so that all the zinc oxide materials can be processed in a single zoned smelting furnace. It has strong adaptability and can process most of the zinc oxide materials. There is no requirement for the form of the zinc oxide materials, either in molten state or solid state. It has low energy consumption, low carbon emissions, high reduction efficiency, and the processing capacity of a single series electric furnace can meet various scales such as 100,000 to 300,000 tons / year. The first slag overflows from the first reduction zone through the partition wall to the second reduction zone, which can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the liquid level in the second reduction zone, which is conducive to the sedimentation and recovery of non-volatile valuable metals such as copper in the raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the zoned smelting furnace of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partition wall in the partitioned smelting furnace of the present invention.

[0041] Description of reference numerals: 1-partition wall; 2-side blowing lance; 3-siphon slag inlet; 4-first feeding port; 5-first slag outlet; 6-first venting port; 7-smoke outlet; 8-electrode port; 9-second feeding port; 10-second slag outlet; 11-metal outlet; 12-second venting port; 13-first reduction zone; 14-second reduction zone; 101-copper water jacket; 102-refractory castable; 103-anchor nails. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] Example 1 This embodiment provides a zoned smelting furnace. Figure 1 , 2 A zoned smelting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0046] The partitioned smelting furnace provided in this embodiment includes a furnace; a first reduction zone 13 and a second reduction zone 14 are arranged inside the furnace; the upper parts of the first reduction zone 13 and the second reduction zone 14 are connected, and a partition wall 1 is arranged between the bottom of the first reduction zone 13 and the bottom of the second reduction zone 14; a side blowing gun 2 is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the first reduction zone 13; and the second reduction zone 14 is provided with an electrode.

[0047] In some embodiments, the partition wall 1 includes a cooling device; optionally, the cooling device is a copper water jacket 101; further optionally, the partition wall 1 includes 1 to 5 layers of copper water jackets 101; further optionally, the partition wall 1 also includes a refractory castable 102.

[0048] In some embodiments, the height of the partition wall 1 is 20% to 30% of the furnace height.

[0049] In some embodiments, the bottom area of ​​the second reduction zone 14 accounts for 60% to 80% of the bottom area of ​​the furnace.

[0050] In some embodiments, the partition wall 1 is a double-layer copper water jacket 101, the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket 101 is coated with a steel fiber reinforced refractory castable 102, and a plurality of anchor nails 103 are welded to the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket 101; optionally, the anchor nails 103 include at least one of V-type and Y-type; further optionally, the anchor nails 103 are staggered and evenly distributed with a spacing of 150~200mm.

[0051] In some embodiments, in the first reduction zone 13 , the side-blowing lances 2 include 1 to 50 side-blowing lances 2 .

[0052] In some embodiments, the first reduction zone 13 includes a siphon slag inlet 3 and / or a first feeding port 4 ; optionally, the first feeding port 4 includes 1 to 5 first feeding ports 4 .

[0053] In some embodiments, the second reduction zone 14 includes an electrode port 8 and a second feed port 9; optionally, the second feed port 9 includes 1 to 10 second feed ports 9; optionally, the electrode port 8 includes 1 to 10 electrode ports 8. The electrode port 8 is used to place electrodes for electrothermal reduction.

[0054] In some embodiments, the partitioned smelting furnace also includes a flue gas outlet 7, and the flue gas outlet 7 is located at the center of the top of the smelting furnace; optionally, the flue gas outlet 7 is connected to a condensation device; further optionally, the condensation device includes any one of a zinc rain condensation device and a lead rain condensation device.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first reduction zone 13 further includes a first slag tapping port 5 and a first venting port 6. The first slag tapping port 5 and the first venting port 6 are used to empty the smelting furnace when the smelting furnace needs to be overhauled.

[0056] In some embodiments, the second reduction zone 14 further includes a second slag tapping port 10 , a second venting port 12 , and a metal tapping port 11 .

[0057] Example 2 The present embodiment provides a method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material. The components of the treated solid zinc oxide-containing material include, by mass percentage, PbO: 20%, FeO: 5%, SiO2: 15%, CaO: 10%, and ZnO: 45%.

[0058] Using the zoned smelting furnace described in Example 1, the zoned smelting furnace comprises: The furnace is provided with a first reduction zone 13 and a second reduction zone 14, and the bottom area of ​​the second reduction zone 14 accounts for 72% of the bottom area of ​​the furnace; the first reduction zone 13 and the second reduction zone 14 are connected at the top, and a partition wall 1 is provided between the bottom of the first reduction zone 13 and the bottom of the second reduction zone 14, and the height is 25% of the furnace height; a side-blowing spray gun 2 is provided on the side wall of the lower part of the first reduction zone 13; the second reduction zone 14 is provided with an electrode. The center of the partition wall 1 is a double-layer copper water jacket 101, and a plurality of anchor nails 103 are uniformly welded on the surface of the copper water jacket 101 with a spacing of 150 mm, and the anchor nails 103 are V-shaped, and the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket 101 is coated with steel fiber reinforced refractory castable 102.

[0059] The flue gas outlet 7 is located at the center of the top of the smelting furnace.

[0060] The first reduction zone 13 also includes 7 side-blowing lances 2, a siphon slag inlet 3, a first slag outlet 5, a first venting port 6, and two first charging ports 4. The first slag outlet 5 and the first venting port 6 are used to empty the smelting furnace when the smelting furnace needs to be overhauled.

[0061] The second reduction zone 14 further includes 6 electrode ports 8, 4 second feed ports 9, a second slag outlet 10, a second venting port 12, and a metal outlet 11; each second feed port 9 is located between two electrode ports 8. The electrode ports 8 are used to place electrodes for electrothermal reduction.

[0062] The specific processing method includes the following steps: Solid zinc oxide-containing material is fed into the first reduction zone 13 from the first feeding port 4, and the first reducing agent coke powder with a particle size of 200 mesh and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen volume of 30% are sprayed into the first reduction zone 13 through the side-blowing lance 2 for combustion heating, wherein the first reducing agent is added in an amount such that the molar ratio of C in the first reducing agent to Zn in the solid zinc oxide-containing material is 2:1; reduction reaction is carried out at 1350° C. to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing flue gas.

[0063] The first slag overflows from the first reduction zone 13 through the top of the partition wall 1 to the second reduction zone 14, and the slag-forming agent calcium oxide and the second reducing agent coke are added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag is 1.5:1, and the amount of the slag-forming agent added is such that the calcium-silicon ratio in the slag is 0.8; the electrode is inserted into the electrode port 8 for electrical heating to 1200°C for reduction reaction to obtain a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue.

[0064] The secondary reduction residue continues to stay in the second reduction zone 14, and the second reducing agent coke is continuously added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Fe in the secondary reduction residue is 1.5:1. The electrodes are electrically heated to 1600°C to continue the reduction reaction, thereby obtaining second molten iron, tailings, and coal gas. The second molten iron is discharged from the metal discharge port 11, and the tailings are discharged from the second slag discharge port 10. The tailings can be used to produce mineral fibers and building materials, etc., and the coal gas can be used to return to the previous step as fuel.

[0065] The material is added through the first feeding port 4 and the second feeding port 9 in a closed spiral feeding manner.

[0066] The first zinc-containing flue gas and the second zinc-containing flue gas are both discharged from the flue gas outlet 7, and subsequently enter the zinc rain condensation device to condense and recover the metals therein.

[0067] The bed capacity of the metallurgical furnace of this method (refer to the auxiliary reference book "Electric Furnace Zinc Smelting" by Wang Zhenling for calculation, the same below) can reach 2.5t / (m 2 ·d), final slag zinc content ~0.5%, energy consumption (calculated according to GB 25323-2023, the same below): 1.0t standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 3.7t carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0068] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for treating a zinc oxide material, wherein the components of the treated molten zinc oxide material include, by mass percentage, PbO: 2%, FeO: 3%, SiO2: 11%, CaO: 7%, and ZnO: 60%. Using the zoned smelting furnace in Example 2, the specific treatment method includes the following steps: The molten zinc oxide material is fed into the first reduction zone 13 from the siphon slag inlet 3, and the first reducing agent coke powder with a particle size of 200 mesh and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen volume of 50% are sprayed into the first reduction zone 13 through the side-blowing lance 2 for combustion heating, wherein the first reducing agent is added in an amount such that the molar ratio of C in the first reducing agent to Zn in the solid zinc oxide material is 2:1; a reduction reaction is carried out at 1300° C. to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing flue gas.

[0069] The first slag overflows from the first reduction zone 13 through the top of the partition wall 1 to the second reduction zone 14, and the slag-forming agent calcium oxide and the second reducing agent coke are added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag is 1.5:1, and the amount of the slag-forming agent added is such that the calcium-silicon ratio in the slag is 0.8; the electrode port 8 is inserted into the electrode for electrical heating to 1150°C for reduction reaction to obtain a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue.

[0070] The secondary reduction residue continues to remain in the second reduction zone 14, and the second reducing agent coke is continuously added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Fe in the secondary reduction residue is 1.5:1. The electrodes are electrically heated to 1550°C to continue the reduction reaction, and the second molten iron, tailings, and coal gas are obtained. The second molten iron is discharged from the metal discharge port 11, and the tailings are discharged from the second slag discharge port 10. The tailings can be used to produce mineral fibers and building materials, etc., and the coal gas can be used to return to the previous step as fuel.

[0071] The material is added through the first feeding port 4 and the second feeding port 9 in a closed spiral feeding manner.

[0072] The first zinc-containing flue gas and the second zinc-containing flue gas are both discharged from the flue gas outlet 7, and subsequently enter the zinc rain condensation device to condense and recover the metals therein.

[0073] The bed capacity of the metallurgical furnace of this method can reach 3.0t / (m 2 ·d), the final slag contains zinc ~0.5%, energy consumption: 0.9t standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 3.0t carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0074] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for treating a zinc oxide material. The components of the treated solid zinc oxide material include, by mass percentage, PbO: 1%, FeO: 5%, SiO2: 2.5%, CaO: 2.5%, and ZnO: 70%. Using the zoned smelting furnace in Example 2, the specific treatment method includes the following steps: Solid zinc oxide-containing material is fed into the first reduction zone 13 from the first feeding port 4, and the first reducing agent coke powder with a particle size of 200 mesh and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen volume of 70% are sprayed into the first reduction zone 13 through the side-blowing lance 2 for combustion heating, wherein the first reducing agent is added in an amount such that the molar ratio of C in the first reducing agent to Zn in the solid zinc oxide-containing material is 2:1; a reduction reaction is carried out at 1400° C. to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing flue gas.

[0075] The first slag overflows from the first reduction zone 13 through the top of the partition wall 1 to the second reduction zone 14, and the slag-forming agent calcium oxide and the second reducing agent coke are added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag 1 is 1.5:1, and the amount of the slag-forming agent added is such that the calcium-silicon ratio in the slag is 0.8; the electrode is inserted into the electrode port 8 for electrical heating to 1150°C for reduction reaction to obtain a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue.

[0076] The secondary reduction residue continues to remain in the second reduction zone 14, and the second reducing agent coke is continuously added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Fe in the secondary reduction residue is 1.5:1. The electrodes are electrically heated to 1550°C to continue the reduction reaction, and the second molten iron, tailings, and coal gas are obtained. The second molten iron is discharged from the metal discharge port 11, and the tailings are discharged from the second slag discharge port 10. The tailings can be used to produce mineral fibers and building materials, etc., and the coal gas can be used to return to the previous step as fuel.

[0077] The material is added through the first feeding port 4 and the second feeding port 9 in a closed spiral feeding manner.

[0078] The first zinc-containing flue gas and the second zinc-containing flue gas are both discharged from the flue gas outlet 7, and subsequently enter the zinc rain condensation device to condense and recover the metals therein.

[0079] The bed capacity of the metallurgical furnace of this method can reach 4.5t / (m 2 ·d), the final slag contains zinc ~0.5%, energy consumption: 0.8t standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 2.7t carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0080] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for treating a zinc oxide material. The components of the treated solid zinc oxide material include, by mass percentage, PbO: 1%, FeO: 5%, SiO2: 2.5%, CaO: 2.5%, and ZnO: 70%. Using the zoned smelting furnace in Example 2, the specific treatment method includes the following steps: Solid zinc oxide-containing material is fed into the first reduction zone 13 from the first feeding port 4, and the first reducing agent ferrosilicon with a particle size of 200 mesh and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen volume of 70% are sprayed into the first reduction zone 13 through the side-blowing spray gun 2 for combustion heating, wherein the first reducing agent is added in an amount such that the molar ratio of C in the first reducing agent to Zn in the solid zinc oxide-containing material is 2:1; reduction reaction is carried out at 1400° C. to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing flue gas.

[0081] The first slag 3 overflows from the first reduction zone 13 through the top of the partition wall 1 to the second reduction zone 14, and the slag-forming agent calcium oxide and the second reducing agent single crystal silicon waste are added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of Si in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag 1 is 1:1, and the amount of the slag-forming agent added is such that the calcium-silicon ratio in the slag is 0.8; the electrode port 8 is inserted into the electrode for electrical heating to 1150°C for reduction reaction to obtain a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue.

[0082] The secondary reduction residue continues to remain in the second reduction zone 14, and the second reducing agent coke is continuously added through the second feeding port 9. The amount of the second reducing agent added is such that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Fe in the secondary reduction residue is 1.5:1. The electrodes are electrically heated to 1550°C to continue the reduction reaction, and the second molten iron, tailings, and coal gas are obtained. The second molten iron is discharged from the metal discharge port 11, and the tailings are discharged from the second slag discharge port 10. The tailings can be used to produce mineral fibers and building materials, etc., and the coal gas can be used to return to the previous step as fuel.

[0083] The material is added through the first feeding port 4 and the second feeding port 9 in a closed spiral feeding manner.

[0084] The first zinc-containing flue gas and the second zinc-containing flue gas are both discharged from the flue gas outlet 7, and subsequently enter the zinc rain condensation device to condense and recover the metals therein.

[0085] The bed capacity of the metallurgical furnace of this method can reach 5.0t / (m 2 ·d), the final slag contains zinc ~0.5%, energy consumption: 0.75t standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 2.5t carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0086] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material. The components of the treated solid zinc oxide-containing material are the same as those in Example 2. The treatment process is carried out in a blast furnace. The specific treatment method includes the following steps: Lead-containing materials are added to solid zinc oxide materials to make the mass ratio of Zn to Pb be 2:1. The materials are sintered at 1000°C to form blocks. The powder return rate of this process is as high as 80%. The obtained sintered blocks are added to a blast furnace to form a material column. Reducing agent coke is added to form a reducing agent material column layer. Reduction reaction is carried out at 1200°C. Volatile metals such as Zn form metal vapor and enter the flue gas, which is condensed by a lead rain condenser to form crude zinc.

[0087] This method: the final slag contains 6% zinc, energy consumption: 1.6t of standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 6.0t of carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0088] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material. The components of the treated solid zinc oxide-containing material are the same as those in Example 2. The treatment process is carried out in a vertical tank. The specific treatment method includes the following steps: Add zinc roasted sand to the solid zinc oxide material to make the zinc content in the material reach 50%, press it into agglomerates and coke it into agglomerates. The agglomeration rate of this step is only 30%. Vibration screening is performed to obtain agglomerates of suitable strength, which are added to a vertical tank for distillation. Gas combustion is used to heat the tank wall to supply the heat required for distillation. Zinc vapor and carbon monoxide are generated in the tank, which are first introduced into a condenser to obtain liquid zinc, and then enter a scrubber to obtain blue powder. The agglomerates after distillation still maintain the shape of agglomerates and are discharged from the bottom of the tank to become distillation residues, i.e., final slag. This method cannot achieve continuous production and has low production efficiency.

[0089] This method: the final slag contains 7% zinc, energy consumption: 1.6 tons of standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 6.0 tons of carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0090] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a method for treating a zinc oxide material. The composition of the treated molten zinc oxide material is the same as that in Example 3. The treatment process is only carried out in an electric furnace. The specific treatment method includes the following steps: Coke is used as a reducing agent, and the coke is dried to a moisture content of less than 1%. The C in the coke and the Zn in the molten zinc oxide material are added in a molar ratio of 1.2:1, and added into the furnace using a closed feeding device. The mixed material is first melted and then reduced in the furnace through electrode supplementary heat. The zinc vapor produced by the reduction is condensed by the zinc rain condensation system to obtain crude zinc, and then washed to obtain blue powder. When the zinc volatilizes to a certain extent, the final slag is discharged from the slag discharge port. Continuous production cannot be achieved using this process.

[0091] This method: bed capacity 1t / (m 2 ·d), the final slag contains 5% zinc, energy consumption: 1.5t standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 5.8t carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0092] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material. The components of the treated solid zinc oxide-containing material are the same as those in Example 4. A wet leaching process is adopted. The specific treatment method includes the following steps: The solid zinc oxide material is classified and ground by cone classification - wet ball milling to obtain the following material particle sizes: less than 10% of the raw material particle size is larger than 0.2 mm, less than 1% of the classified overflow pulp is larger than 0.18 mm, and less than 10% of the pulp after ball milling is larger than 0.2 mm. After one neutral leaching and one weak acid leaching, the slurry is subjected to one zinc-containing leachate (zinc sulfate solution) and the final slag. After the zinc sulfate solution is subjected to a purification process, zinc is extracted by electrolysis.

[0093] This method: the final slag contains zinc ~18%, and the final slag needs to be further treated by pyrolysis to extract zinc. Energy consumption: 1.3 tons of standard coal per ton of zinc, carbon emissions: 4.5 tons of carbon emissions per ton of zinc.

[0094] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A zoned smelting furnace, characterized in that: Including furnace; A first reduction zone and a second reduction zone are provided inside the furnace; the first reduction zone and the second reduction zone are connected at the top, and a partition wall is provided between the bottom of the first reduction zone and the bottom of the second reduction zone; A side-blowing spray gun is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the first reduction zone; and an electrode is arranged in the second reduction zone.

2. The zoned smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition wall includes a cooling device; And / or, the height of the partition wall is 20% to 30% of the furnace height; and / or, the bottom area of ​​the second reduction zone accounts for 60% to 80% of the bottom area of ​​the furnace; And / or, the first reduction zone is provided with 1 to 50 side-blowing lances; And / or, the first reduction zone comprises a siphon slag inlet and / or a first feed inlet; And / or, the second reduction zone includes an electrode port and a second feed port; And / or, the zoned smelting furnace further comprises a fume outlet, and the fume outlet is located at the center of the top of the smelting furnace; And / or, the first reduction zone further includes a first slag outlet and a first venting outlet; And / or, the second reduction zone further includes a second slag tapping port, a second venting port, and a metal tapping port.

3. The zoned smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling device is a copper water jacket; and / or, the partition wall further comprises a refractory castable; And / or, the first feeding port includes 1 to 5 first feeding ports; And / or, the second feeding port includes 3 to 15 second feeding ports; And / or, the electrode ports include 1 to 10 electrode ports.

4. The zoned smelting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition wall includes 1 to 5 layers of copper water jackets; And / or, the partition wall comprises a double-layer copper water jacket, the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket is coated with steel fiber reinforced refractory castable, and the outer surface of the double-layer copper water jacket is also welded with anchor nails for fixing the steel fiber reinforced refractory castable.

5. A method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material, characterized in that: Using the zoned smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: S1: placing the zinc oxide material in the first reduction zone, spraying the first reducing agent and oxygen-enriched air into the first reduction zone through a side-blowing spray gun, and performing a first reduction reaction at 1300-1400° C. to obtain a first slag, a first molten iron, and a first zinc-containing fume; the first slag overflows from the first reduction zone through the partition wall to the second reduction zone; S2: mixing the first slag, the second reducing agent and the slag-forming agent in a second reduction zone, and performing a second reduction reaction at 1100-1300° C. to obtain a second zinc-containing flue gas and a secondary reduction residue; S3: adding a second reducing agent to the secondary reduction residue, raising the temperature to 1400-1600° C. to perform a third reduction reaction to obtain a second molten iron, tailings and coal gas.

6. The method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first reducing agent includes a solid reducing agent and / or a gaseous reducing agent; and / or, the second reducing agent comprises a carbonaceous reducing agent and / or a siliceous reducing agent; And / or, the second reduction reaction and the third reduction reaction are both performed by electrothermal reduction; and / or, the slag-forming agent comprises calcium oxide; And / or, the oxygen volume in the oxygen-enriched air is 30% to 90%; And / or, the first zinc-containing flue gas and the second zinc-containing flue gas are condensed and recovered.

7. The method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solid reducing agent includes at least one of coke powder and granular coal; And / or, the particle size of the solid reducing agent is 100-300 mesh; And / or, the gaseous reducing agent includes at least one of natural gas and coal gas; and / or, the carbonaceous reducing agent comprises at least one of coke and granular coal; And / or, the siliceous reducing agent includes at least one of ferrosilicon and single crystal silicon waste.

8. The method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S2, a slag-forming agent is added to make the calcium-silicon ratio in the slag be 0.8-1.5:1; And / or, in S1, the first reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of C in the first reducing agent to Zn in the zinc oxide-containing material is 1-2:1; and / or, in said S2, the second reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag is 1-1.5:1; or, in said S2, the second reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of Si in the second reducing agent to Zn in the first slag is 0.5-1:1; And / or, in S3, a second reducing agent is added so that the molar ratio of C in the second reducing agent to Fe in the secondary reduction residue is 1-2:

1.

9. The method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The zinc oxide-containing material includes a molten zinc oxide-containing material and / or a solid zinc oxide-containing material.

10. The method for treating a zinc oxide-containing material according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S1, the molten zinc oxide material is added through a siphon slag inlet; And / or, the material added through the first feeding port and the second feeding port is used in a manner including closed spiral feeding; And / or, in S1, the solid zinc oxide-containing material is added through the first feed port; And / or, in S2, the second reducing agent is added through the second feeding port.

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