Snowfield ground waterproof heat-preservation structure in direct contact with surface soil and construction method of snowfield ground waterproof heat-preservation structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a snowfield ground waterproof heat preservation structure in direct contact with ground surface soil and a construction method thereof, the snowfield ground waterproof heat preservation structure comprises a ground surface, and an anti-freezing layer, a vapor barrier layer, a rigid layer, a heat preservation layer, a first protection layer, a waterproof layer, a second protection layer, a refrigerant layer and a snow layer are sequentially arranged above the ground surface; a hot coil pipe and a second temperature sensor are arranged in the rigid layer, a drainage pipe is arranged in the anti-freezing layer, and the drainage pipe is fixed in the anti-freezing layer through a support; the heat preservation layer is formed by splicing two layers of extruded sheets in a staggered mode, and the two layers of extruded sheets are fixed through a binding agent. A cooling coil pipe and a first temperature sensor are arranged in the refrigerant layer. The system can well adapt to the influence of surface environment change on a structural layer, has good waterproof and heat preservation effects, can preserve heat of the snowfield, can control the temperature of the snowfield, promotes timely drainage of surface free water, avoids damage to the structural layer due to freeze thawing of sandy soil, and saves the later operation cost of the snowfield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure directly in contact with surface soil and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As natural outdoor ski resorts are limited by specific regional climate conditions, they can usually only be established in cold northern regions. These regions have sufficient snowfall and suitable low temperature environments, allowing natural ski resorts to maintain good snow quality and skiing conditions. However, the operation time of such ski resorts that rely on natural conditions is limited to a short period in winter, which greatly limits the time ski enthusiasts can enjoy skiing. As the public's enthusiasm for ice and snow sports continues to heat up, the number and operating conditions of existing natural and artificial outdoor ski resorts can no longer meet the growing needs of many ice and snow sports enthusiasts.

[0003] People's love and pursuit of ice and snow sports have prompted the innovation and development of ski resort construction. As a result, urban commercial complexes, cultural and tourism cities and independent venues with huge consumption potential have begun to gradually build large indoor ski venues. These indoor ski venues are not restricted by seasons and weather, and can provide skiing services to the public all year round, greatly meeting the needs of the market. In order to provide a richer ice and snow sports consumption experience, the slides are usually divided into snow entertainment areas, primary trails, intermediate trails and advanced trails. Among them, the snow entertainment area is a flat area with no slope in direct contact with the ground, designed for beginners and family tourists, so that they can experience the fun of snow in a safe environment. Although this design provides tourists with a wide space for activities, it also brings challenges in heat conduction. The heat transfer on the surface is affected by many factors such as seasonal changes, temperature differences between day and night, and thermal conductivity of surface materials, resulting in more complex instability factors in heat transfer. In winter, the surface temperature may drop sharply to below freezing point, and the perennial low temperature in the ski resort will also be transmitted to the surface soil to a certain extent. If there is a lack of effective anti-freeze measures, the freezing of free water on the surface will cause the building structure layer to arch and damage, and then cause the cold coil in the refrigerant layer to break, which will ultimately directly affect the use function of the snow entertainment area. Therefore, the construction and operation of the ski resort needs to consider comprehensive anti-freeze and insulation measures to ensure that tourists can enjoy a safe and comfortable skiing experience. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waterproof and thermal insulation structure of the ground of a ski resort that is in direct contact with the surface soil and a construction method thereof, which can better adapt to the influence of changes in the surface environment on the structural layer, and has good waterproof and thermal insulation effects. It can not only insulate the snow track, but also control its temperature, promote the timely removal of surface free water, avoid freezing and thawing of sand and soil to damage the structural layer, and save the later operating costs of the ski resort.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

[0006] The waterproof and heat-insulating structure of the snow field ground in direct contact with the surface soil of the present invention comprises a surface, and an antifreeze layer, a vapor barrier layer, a rigid layer, a heat-insulating layer, a first protective layer, a waterproof layer, a second protective layer, a refrigerant layer and a snow layer are sequentially arranged above the surface; a heat coil and a second temperature sensor are arranged in the rigid layer, a drain pipe is arranged in the antifreeze layer, and the drain pipe is fixed in the antifreeze layer by a bracket; the heat-insulating layer is formed by staggered splicing of two layers of extruded boards, and the two layers of extruded boards are fixed by an adhesive; a cold coil and a first temperature sensor are arranged in the refrigerant layer.

[0007] Preferably, the distance between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is 35 m.

[0008] Preferably, the antifreeze layer is a 500 mm thick medium sand layer, the vapor barrier layer is a 0.3 mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film, the thermal insulation layer is a 200 mm thick B1 grade extruded polystyrene board, the first protective layer is a 34 mm thick fine stone concrete, and the first protective layer is equipped with a steel mesh, the waterproof layer is a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof membrane and a 4 mm thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane, and the second protective layer is a 20 mm thick 1:3 cement mortar.

[0009] Preferably, a double-layer bidirectional second steel bar is provided in the refrigerant layer, and the double-layer bidirectional second steel bar is supported by stirrup bars, and at the same time, the lower steel bar in the double-layer bidirectional second steel bar is tied and connected to the cold coil; a single-layer bidirectional first steel bar is provided in the rigid layer, and the single-layer bidirectional first steel bar is tied and connected to the hot coil.

[0010] Preferably, the drainage pipe is a cast iron steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, the end of the drainage pipe close to the ski resort is wrapped with non-woven fabric, and the drainage pipe is inclined from the ski resort to the outdoors.

[0011] The present invention also provides a construction method for a snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Surface treatment

[0013] 1.1. Excavation of foundation pit: Excavation shall be carried out in accordance with the excavation sequence and schedule, and in accordance with the principles of layered, segmented, symmetrical and parallel excavation;

[0014] 1.2. Compacting the bare soil: During the construction process, the over-excavation part shall be treated in strict accordance with the regulations and backfilled with the original soil; the backfilling operation shall be carried out in layers to ensure that the thickness of each layer of soil is uniform and controlled within the range of 20-30cm; heavy rolling equipment must be used for layered rolling above the backfill soil layer to ensure that the compaction degree reaches the 0.94 standard specified in the design; during the compaction process, the number of rolling times and speed shall be strictly controlled to prevent excessive or insufficient compaction; the compaction degree can be tested by standard penetration test or ring knife sampling to confirm that the compaction quality of each layer of soil meets the requirements of the project;

[0015] Step 2: Antifreeze layer construction

[0016] 2.1. Pre-buried drainage pipes: Drainage pipes use cast iron steel pipes with a diameter of 50mm. Drainage pipes are set at intervals of 25m based on a 2% slope. Brackets of different heights are made according to the slope elevation. One end of the drainage pipe is buried in the medium sand antifreeze layer, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the snow field trench and finally introduced into the outdoor municipal rainwater well. After the drainage pipes are fixed, a layer of non-woven fabric is wrapped with iron wire at one end of each drainage pipe outlet buried in the medium sand antifreeze layer to prevent debris from entering the drainage pipe and causing blockage in the future;

[0017] 2.2. Medium sand construction: Before construction, the surface of the base soil should be thoroughly cleaned. After the cleaning operation is completed, the medium sand should be compacted with a vibrating roller according to the actual situation on site. The laying thickness of each layer of medium sand should be controlled within the range of 250-350mm to ensure the compaction effect. At the same time, the medium sand construction near the drainage pipe should be backfilled and compacted manually; after each layer of medium sand is laid, its elevation and flatness should be checked with a line or ruler to ensure that it meets the design specifications; for the parts with excessive elevation, a shovel should be used for leveling; for low-lying areas, medium sand should be filled in time and re-compacted; after the antifreeze layer construction is completed, it should be ensured that the surface has no significant unevenness to ensure its antifreeze performance;

[0018] Step 3: Vapor barrier construction

[0019] 3.1. Laying film: The vapor barrier layer uses 0.3mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film. Before laying, select the starting point for laying, unfold the film, one person slowly stretches it in front, and others assist on both sides to ensure that the film is flat and avoids distortion and wrinkles. Lay it in a certain order, and there should be 100mm overlap between adjacent films to ensure sealing;

[0020] 3.2. Fix the film: dig a 5-10cm deep trench at the edge of the film, bury the edge of the film, fill it with soil and tamp it, or fix it with U-shaped nails, wooden stakes, etc., with a spacing of 0.5-1m;

[0021] 3.3. Inspection and repair: After laying and fixing, conduct a comprehensive inspection. If wrinkles, damage, loose fixation, etc. are found, they should be dealt with in time. Minor damage should be repaired with tape, and major damage should be replaced with new film.

[0022] Step 4: Rigid layer construction

[0023] 4.1. First steel bar binding: When binding the first steel bar, use the figure eight buckle binding method, and bind all the intersections of the two steel bars;

[0024] 4.2. Heat coil construction: Use cable ties to fix the heat coil to the first steel bar that has been tied. The spacing between the fixing points of the straight section is 800mm, and the spacing between the fixing points of the curved section is 250mm.

[0025] 4.3. Heat coil pressure test and second temperature sensor: Water is injected into the heat coil to detect the pipeline construction condition. The test pressure is 1.35Mpa and the pressure is stabilized for 1h. After the pressure test is qualified, the second temperature sensor is arranged at a spacing of 35m.

[0026] 4.4. Concrete pouring: The concrete used for the rigid layer is C25 ordinary concrete. Before pouring, elevation blocks should be set every 3m in the construction area to ensure the flatness of the concrete molding surface; pouring should be done in layers, and the concrete should be poured in an orderly manner from the middle to both sides. When using an inserted vibrator, the principle of fast insertion and slow withdrawal should be followed. After the concrete is vibrated, a 6m scraper is used for leveling. After the concrete is initially set, it is smoothed to ensure that the surface of the concrete is flat and smooth after molding;

[0027] Step 5: Insulation layer construction

[0028] The insulation layer is made of two layers of 100mm thick extruded polystyrene boards laid with staggered seams. The first layer of extruded board is laid first. After the first layer of extruded board is laid over a certain area, the second layer of extruded board is laid. The adhesive is fully applied on the first layer of extruded board. The adhesive is a two-component polyurethane with a coating rate of 100% and a thickness of 1.5mm. The gaps between the first layer also need to be filled densely. Then the second layer of insulation board is laid and firmly bonded to the first layer of insulation board. The gaps around the second layer of insulation board are filled with adhesive. When laying in layers, the boards should be staggered, "staggered in the same layer and compressed in different layers". The minimum distance of the staggered seams shall not be less than 300mm. Loading is prohibited within 7 days after the completion of the insulation layer construction.

[0029] Step 6: Construction of the first protective layer

[0030] 6.1. The first protective layer uses 34mm thick fine stone concrete. Before pouring, the steel mesh is carefully inspected to ensure that it is consistent with the design drawings. Then the surveyor copies the elevation of the floor surface on the template and marks it with red paint. When pouring concrete, use steel bars to make a cross-shaped iron ruler with the same thickness as the plate. Use the iron ruler and a wire to check the thickness of the concrete. After vibration, use a 6m scraper or drag plate to scrape it flat. During the pouring and leveling process, use a wire to measure the return elevation to control the horizontal elevation of the concrete pouring surface.

[0031] 6.2. The cutting of the ground expansion joint can be carried out on the second day after the concrete pouring is completed. The cutting of the contraction joint is arranged according to 6m*6m, the width of the joint is preferably 15mm, the depth is about 1cm, and the joint is sealed with elastic sealant;

[0032] Step 7: Waterproof layer construction

[0033] Before construction, the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating should be heated in a heating tank to a liquid state. Construction can only be carried out when the specified heat temperature is reached. The manual scraping temperature is ≥120℃, and the spraying temperature is ≥150℃. Then turn on the extrusion pump to squeeze the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating in the heating tank to the leveling layer, and use a toothed scraper to scrape it evenly, scraping it completely without exposing the bottom, and the coating thickness is 1.5mm.

[0034] Lay SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane within 3 minutes after applying non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. The distance between the nozzle of the flame heater and the membrane surface should be moderate, and the heating should be uniform within the width. The membrane surface should be melted to a bright black color. Do not overheat the membrane. After the coating layer melts (the temperature is controlled between 100 and 180°C), immediately roll the membrane to stick it to the base layer and roll it with a roller to remove the air under the membrane to make it flat without wrinkles. Roll and bond it firmly. Carefully operate the overlap joints. After spraying, seal the edges with a trowel while the linoleum edge is not cooled. Finally, use a blowtorch to spray and compact the joints evenly and carefully.

[0035] Step 8: Construction of the second protective layer

[0036] The second protective layer is 20mm thick mortar. The second protective layer should be constructed in blocks. Each block should be constructed at one time without leaving construction joints. After the mortar is poured, it should be quickly paved and the concrete should be scraped and compacted according to the elevation reference point.

[0037] Step 9: Construction of refrigerant layer

[0038] 9.1. Second reinforcement binding: Use No. 22 iron wire to bind the intersection of the second reinforcement. The binding points should be firm and use binding methods such as eight-shaped buckles. Adjacent binding points are arranged in a plum blossom shape to ensure that the reinforcement will not move during concrete pouring. At the same time, stirrup bars are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 1500mm between the bottom reinforcement and the surface reinforcement;

[0039] 9.2. Pre-embedding of cold coil and first temperature sensor: After the second steel bar at the bottom of the refrigerant layer is tied, start installing the cold coil. The cold coil is tied and fixed with the second steel bar at the bottom by wire. After the installation of the cold coil is completed, perform pressure test. The most unfavorable point of static pressure is considered during pressure test. The test pressure is 1.5MPa. During the water pressure test, the pressure is stabilized for 10 minutes and is not greater than 0.05MPa. The appearance inspection is qualified if there is no water leakage. After the construction of the cold coil is completed, the first temperature sensor is pre-embedded. The embedding interval of the first temperature sensor is 35m.

[0040] 9.3. Concrete pouring: The refrigerant layer uses C30F50 antifreeze concrete. When pouring concrete, a slow and uniform pouring method should be adopted. Auxiliary tools such as chutes and conduits should be used to allow the concrete to flow smoothly into the pouring area to reduce the impact force. At the same time, according to the established pouring route and the principle of starting from far to near, the concrete should be gradually filled around the cold coil to reduce the possibility of damage to the cold coil due to excessive local pressure.

[0041] From the above, the beneficial effects of the snow field ground waterproof insulation structure in direct contact with the surface soil and the construction method thereof of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] 1. The present invention adopts an antifreeze layer design: In order to avoid this situation, a 500mm thick medium sand antifreeze layer is specially set. As a relatively good thermal insulation material, medium sand can effectively slow down the loss of surface heat, thereby keeping the temperature of the snow entertainment area within a safe range. Medium sand also has a certain hydrophobic drainage function. At the same time, the porosity of the medium sand layer is relatively large, which can provide a certain volume change space for free water freezing and thawing to a certain extent, thereby protecting the upper building structure layer from being damaged by arching. At the same time, by burying a drainage pipe in the medium sand, the accumulated water can also be discharged in time.

[0043] 2. The present invention adopts a vapor barrier setting: the vapor barrier layer adopts a 0.3mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film. This material has good ductility. The polyethylene film is directly laid on the antifreeze layer, which can better adapt to the influence of the surface environment and will not be easily torn, thereby affecting the vapor barrier effect.

[0044] 3. The present invention adopts a waterproof layer setting: the waterproof layer adopts a combination of 1.5mm thick non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating + 4mm thick type II SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane, which significantly improves the overall waterproof performance and also enhances the bonding force between the concrete base and the waterproof membrane. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating not only has excellent bonding force, but also its unique chemical composition enables it to form a firm bond with the concrete leveling layer and fill the tiny cracks and particle concave surfaces on the concrete surface, thereby improving the stability and durability of the entire structure.

[0045] 4. The present invention adopts a coil setting: a hot coil is set in the rigid layer above the surface, which can effectively solve the impact of surface freezing and thawing on the upper structural layer. A cold coil is set in the refrigerant layer to always maintain the surface temperature and prevent the snow layer from melting.

[0046] 5. The present invention uses antifreeze concrete: Since the indoor ski resort is continuously in a low temperature state, it is difficult for conventional concrete to maintain stability within an appropriate range. Its setting period is long and it is difficult to shape. It is easily damaged by freezing and thawing in an alternating freezing and thawing environment. In view of this problem, through concrete trial mixing, C30F50 antifreeze concrete is selected for the refrigerant layer that is in direct contact with the snow surface. During the preparation of concrete, chemical additives that regulate the setting time are added to optimize the microstructure of the concrete, enhance its density and durability, effectively reduce the environmental damage of the concrete in a low temperature environment, and thus extend its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the ground structure layer of the snow field of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage pipe in the present invention.

[0050] Among them: 1-ground surface, 2-antifreeze layer, 3-vapor barrier layer, 4-rigid layer, 5-insulation layer, 6-first protective layer, 7-waterproof layer, 71-non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating, 72-SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane, 8-second protective layer, 9-refrigerant layer, 10-snow layer, 11-drainage pipe, 12-heat coil, 13-first steel bar, 14-adhesive, 15-second steel bar, 16-stirrup bar, 17-cold coil, 18-first temperature sensor, 19-steel mesh, 20-second temperature sensor, 21-non-woven fabric, 22-bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Next, combine Figure 1 to Figure 2 The present invention introduces in detail a snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure directly in contact with the surface soil and a construction method thereof.

[0052] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the waterproof and heat-insulating structure of the snow field ground in direct contact with the surface soil of the present invention comprises a surface 1, and an antifreeze layer 2, a vapor barrier layer 3, a rigid layer 4, a heat-insulating layer 5, a first protective layer 6, a waterproof layer 7, a second protective layer 8, a refrigerant layer 9 and a snow layer 10 are arranged in sequence above the surface 1.

[0053] Among them, in order to further control the freezing and thawing of the antifreeze layer 2, a heat coil 12 and a second temperature sensor 20 are provided in the rigid layer 4, and a drainage pipe 11 is provided in the antifreeze layer 2. The drainage pipe 11 is fixed in the antifreeze layer 2 through a bracket 22; the accumulated water in the low temperature environment on the surface can be thawed in time and discharged into the municipal pipe well through the drainage pipe 11.

[0054] The heat-insulating layer 5 is formed by splicing two layers of extruded boards with staggered seams, and the two layers of extruded boards are fixed by an adhesive 14 to avoid interlayer slippage.

[0055] Since the refrigerant layer 9 is in direct contact with the snow layer 10, a cold coil 17 and a first temperature sensor 18 are arranged inside the refrigerant layer 9, which can ensure that the snow layer 10 does not melt and monitor the internal temperature of the refrigerant layer 9 in real time, thereby ensuring that the ski resort environment remains in a low temperature state for a long time.

[0056] Specifically, the distance between the first temperature sensor 18 and the second temperature sensor 20 is 35m. The antifreeze layer 2 is a 500mm thick medium sand layer, the vapor barrier layer 3 is a 0.3mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film, the insulation layer 5 is a 200mm thick B1 grade extruded polystyrene board, the first protective layer 6 is a 34mm thick fine stone concrete, and the first protective layer 6 is equipped with a steel mesh 19, the waterproof layer 7 is a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof membrane 71 and a 4mm thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane 72, and the second protective layer 8 is a 20mm thick 1:3 cement mortar.

[0057] Specifically, in order to increase the structural strength and protect the cold coil 17, a double-layer bidirectional second steel bar 15 is provided in the refrigerant layer 9, and the double-layer bidirectional second steel bar 15 is supported by a stirrup bar 16. At the same time, the lower steel bar in the double-layer bidirectional second steel bar 15 is tied and connected to the cold coil 17; in order to enhance the structural strength and fix the hot coil 12, a single-layer bidirectional first steel bar 13 is provided in the rigid layer 4, and the single-layer bidirectional first steel bar 13 is tied and connected to the hot coil 12.

[0058] Specifically, in order to prevent the drainage pipe 11 in the antifreeze layer 2 from being blocked, the end of the drainage pipe 11 close to the snow field is wrapped with a non-woven fabric 21; at the same time, in order to prevent the drainage pipe 11 from being damaged during the construction of the antifreeze layer, the drainage pipe 11 is a cast iron steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, and the drainage pipe 11 is tilted from the snow field to the outside. In actual application, the slope from the snow field side to the pipe trench inside the snow field is 2%, and the pipe trench is connected to the outdoor municipal pipe well to form an effective drainage system.

[0059] The construction method of the snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure directly in contact with the surface soil of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Surface treatment

[0061] 1.1. Excavation of foundation pit: Excavation shall be carried out in accordance with the excavation sequence and schedule, and in accordance with the principles of layered, segmented, symmetrical and parallel excavation;

[0062] 1.2. Compacting the bare soil: During the construction process, the over-excavation part shall be treated in strict accordance with the regulations and backfilled with the original soil; the backfilling operation shall be carried out in layers to ensure that the thickness of each layer of soil is uniform and controlled within the range of 20-30cm; heavy rolling equipment must be used for layered rolling above the backfill soil layer to ensure that the compaction degree reaches the 0.94 standard specified in the design; during the compaction process, the number of rolling times and speed shall be strictly controlled to prevent excessive or insufficient compaction; the compaction degree can be tested by standard penetration test or ring knife sampling to confirm that the compaction quality of each layer of soil meets the requirements of the project;

[0063] Step 2: Construction of antifreeze layer 2

[0064] 2.1. Pre-buried drainage pipe 11: The drainage pipe 11 uses a cast iron steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. The drainage pipe is set at a spacing of 25 m according to a 2% slope. Brackets 22 of different heights are made according to the slope elevation. One end of the drainage pipe 11 is buried in the medium sand antifreeze layer, and the other end of the drainage pipe 11 is connected to the snow field trench and finally introduced into the outdoor municipal rainwater well. After the drainage pipe 11 is fixed, a layer of non-woven fabric 21 is wrapped with iron wire at one end of each drainage pipe 11 mouth buried in the medium sand antifreeze layer to prevent debris from entering the drainage pipe 11 and causing blockage in the later stage;

[0065] 2.2. Medium sand construction: Before construction, the surface of the base soil should be thoroughly cleaned. After the cleaning operation is completed, the medium sand should be compacted with a vibrating roller according to the actual situation on site. The laying thickness of each layer of medium sand should be controlled within the range of 250-350mm to ensure the compaction effect. At the same time, the medium sand construction near the drainage pipe should be backfilled and compacted manually; after each layer of medium sand is laid, its elevation and flatness should be checked with a line or ruler to ensure that it meets the design specifications; for the parts with excessive elevation, a shovel should be used for leveling; for low-lying areas, medium sand should be filled in time and re-compacted; after the construction of the antifreeze layer 2 is completed, it should be ensured that the surface has no significant unevenness to ensure its antifreeze performance;

[0066] Step 3: Construction of vapor barrier layer 3

[0067] 3.1. Laying film: The vapor barrier layer 3 uses 0.3mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film. Before laying, select the starting point for laying, unfold the film, one person slowly stretches it in front, and others assist on both sides to ensure that the film is flat and avoids distortion and wrinkles. Lay it in a certain order, and there should be 100mm overlap between adjacent films to ensure sealing;

[0068] 3.2. Fix the film: dig a 5-10cm deep trench at the edge of the film, bury the edge of the film, fill it with soil and tamp it, or fix it with U-shaped nails, wooden stakes, etc., with a spacing of 0.5-1m;

[0069] 3.3. Inspection and repair: After laying and fixing, conduct a comprehensive inspection. If wrinkles, damage, loose fixation, etc. are found, they should be dealt with in time. Minor damage should be repaired with tape, and major damage should be replaced with new film.

[0070] Step 4: Construction of rigid layer 4

[0071] 4.1. Binding of the first steel bar 13: When binding the first steel bar 13, use the figure eight buckle binding method, and all the intersections of the two steel bars are bound;

[0072] 4.2. Construction of the heat coil 12: Fix the heat coil to the first steel bar 13 that has been tied by using a cable tie. The spacing between the fixing points of the straight pipe section is 800 mm, and the spacing between the fixing points of the curved section is 250 mm.

[0073] 4.3. Pressure test of the heat coil 12 and the second temperature sensor 20: water is injected into the heat coil 12 to detect the pipeline construction condition. The test pressure is 1.35Mpa and the pressure is stabilized for 1h. After the pressure test is qualified, the second temperature sensor 20 is arranged at a spacing of 35m;

[0074] 4.4. Concrete pouring: The concrete used for rigid layer 4 is C25 ordinary concrete. Before pouring, elevation blocks should be set every 3m in the construction area to ensure the flatness of the concrete molding surface; pouring should be done in layers, and the concrete should be poured in an orderly manner from the middle to both sides. When using an inserted vibrator, the principle of fast insertion and slow withdrawal should be followed. After the concrete is vibrated, a 6m scraper is used for leveling. After the concrete is initially set, it is smoothed to ensure that the surface of the concrete is flat and smooth after molding;

[0075] Step 5: Construction of insulation layer 5

[0076] The insulation layer 5 is formed by paving two layers of 100mm thick extruded polystyrene boards with staggered seams. First, the first layer of extruded board is laid. After the first layer of extruded board is laid over a certain area, the second layer of extruded board is laid. The adhesive 14 is fully applied on the first layer of extruded board. The adhesive 14 is a two-component polyurethane with a coating rate of 100% and a thickness of 1.5mm. The gaps between the first layer also need to be filled densely. Then the second layer of insulation board is laid and firmly bonded to the first layer of insulation board. The adhesive 14 is poured around the gaps of the second layer of insulation board. When laying in layers, the boards should be staggered, "staggered in the same layer and pressed in different layers". The minimum distance of the staggered seams shall not be less than 300mm. Loading is prohibited within 7 days after the insulation layer is completed.

[0077] Step 6: Construction of the first protective layer 6

[0078] 6.1. The first protective layer adopts 34mm thick fine stone concrete. Before pouring, the steel mesh 19 is inspected in detail to ensure that it is consistent with the design drawings. Then the surveyor copies the elevation of the floor surface on the template and marks it with red paint. When pouring concrete, use steel bars to make a cross-shaped iron ruler with the same thickness as the plate. Use the iron ruler and the wire to check the thickness of the concrete. After vibration, use a 6m scraper or drag plate to scrape it flat. During the pouring and smoothing process, use the wire to measure the return elevation to control the horizontal elevation of the concrete pouring surface.

[0079] 6.2. The cutting of the ground expansion joint can be carried out on the second day after the concrete pouring is completed. The cutting of the contraction joint is arranged according to 6m*6m, the width of the joint is preferably 15mm, the depth is about 1cm, and the joint is sealed with elastic sealant;

[0080] Step 7: Waterproof layer 7 construction

[0081] Before construction, the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 71 should be placed in a heating tank and heated to a liquid state. Construction can only be carried out when the specified heat temperature is reached. The manual scraping temperature is ≥120°C, and the spraying temperature is ≥150°C. Then turn on the extrusion pump to squeeze the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 71 in the heating tank to the leveling layer, and use a toothed scraper to scrape evenly, scraping the entire surface without exposing the bottom, and the coating thickness is 1.5mm.

[0082] Lay SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane 72 within 3 minutes after applying non-curing rubber asphalt waterproofing coating 71. The distance between the nozzle of the flame heater and the membrane surface should be moderate, and the heating should be uniform within the width, and the membrane surface should be melted to a bright black color. Do not overheat the membrane; after the coating layer is melted (the temperature is controlled between 100 and 180°C), immediately roll the membrane to stick it to the base layer and roll it with a roller to remove the air under the membrane to make it flat without wrinkles, and roll it to bond firmly; the overlap joints should be carefully operated, and after spraying, the edges of the felt should be sealed with a trowel before it cools down, and finally the joints should be sprayed and compacted evenly and carefully with a blowtorch;

[0083] Step 8: Construction of the second protective layer 8

[0084] The second protective layer 8 is a 20mm thick mortar. The second protective layer should be constructed in blocks, and each block should be constructed at one time without leaving construction joints. After the mortar is poured, it should be quickly paved, and the concrete should be scraped and compacted according to the elevation reference point;

[0085] Step 9: Construction of refrigerant layer 9

[0086] 9.1. Binding of the second reinforcement 15: Use No. 22 iron wire to bind the intersection of the second reinforcement. The binding points should be firm and use binding methods such as eight-shaped buckles. Adjacent binding points are arranged in a plum blossom shape to ensure that the reinforcement will not move during concrete pouring. At the same time, stirrup bars 16 are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 1500mm between the bottom reinforcement and the surface reinforcement;

[0087] 9.2. Pre-embedding of the cold coil 17 and the first temperature sensor 18: After the second steel bar 15 at the lower part of the refrigerant layer 9 is tied, the cold coil 17 is installed. The cold coil 17 is tied and fixed with the second steel bar 15 at the lower part by a wire. After the cold coil 17 is installed, a pressure test is carried out. The most unfavorable point of static pressure is considered during the pressure test. The test pressure is 1.5MPa. During the water pressure test, the pressure is stabilized for 10 minutes and is not greater than 0.05MPa. The appearance inspection is qualified if there is no water leakage. After the construction of the cold coil 17 is completed, the first temperature sensor 18 is pre-embedded. The embedding interval of the first temperature sensor 18 is 35m.

[0088] 9.3. Concrete pouring: The refrigerant layer 9 adopts C30F50 antifreeze concrete. When pouring concrete, a slow and uniform pouring method should be adopted. Auxiliary tools such as chutes and conduits should be used to allow the concrete to flow smoothly into the pouring area to reduce the impact force. At the same time, according to the established pouring route and the principle of starting from far to near, the concrete is gradually filled around the cold coil to reduce the possibility of damage to the cold coil due to excessive local pressure.

[0089] When vibrating concrete, use a small diameter vibrator. The vibrator should not be inserted too deep to avoid touching the cold coil. Insert the vibrator quickly and pull it out slowly during vibration. The surface of the concrete should not show obvious sinking, bubbles, or floating slurry. Avoid displacement or damage to the cold coil due to excessive vibration.

[0090] The present invention has clear procedures and distinct layers, and proposes a special snow track construction method that is in direct contact with the surface soil. After the construction is completed, the waterproof and heat-insulating effects are good. Not only can the snow track be insulated, but the temperature can also be controlled to prevent the impact of surface environmental changes on the snow track structural layer, and it is suitable for application in more occasions.

[0091] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be understood by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil, comprising a surface (1), characterized in that: An antifreeze layer (2), a vapor barrier layer (3), a rigid layer (4), a thermal insulation layer (5), a first protective layer (6), a waterproof layer (7), a second protective layer (8), a refrigerant layer (9) and a snow layer (10) are sequentially arranged above the ground surface (1); The rigid layer (4) is provided with a heat coil (12) and a second temperature sensor (20), the antifreeze layer (2) is provided with a drainage pipe (11), and the drainage pipe (11) is fixed in the antifreeze layer (2) via a bracket (22); The thermal insulation layer (5) is formed by splicing two layers of extruded boards staggered together, and the two layers of extruded boards are fixed by an adhesive (14); A cold coil (17) and a first temperature sensor (18) are arranged in the refrigerant layer (9).

2. The snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first temperature sensor (18) and the second temperature sensor (20) is 35 m.

3. The snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze layer (2) is a 500 mm thick medium sand layer, the vapor barrier layer (3) is a 0.3 mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film, the thermal insulation layer (5) is a 200 mm thick B1 grade extruded polystyrene board, the first protective layer (6) is a 34 mm thick fine stone concrete, and a steel mesh (19) is provided in the first protective layer (6), the waterproof layer (7) is a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproofing membrane (71) and a 4 mm thick SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane (72), and the second protective layer (8) is a 20 mm thick 1:3 cement mortar.

4. The snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant layer (9) is provided with a double-layer bidirectional second steel bar (15), the double-layer bidirectional second steel bar (15) is supported by a stirrup bar (16), and the lower steel bar in the double-layer bidirectional second steel bar (15) is tied and connected to the cold coil (17); the rigid layer (4) is provided with a single-layer bidirectional first steel bar (13), and the single-layer bidirectional first steel bar (13) is tied and connected to the hot coil (12).

5. The snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (11) is a cast iron steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. The end of the drainage pipe (11) close to the ski resort is wrapped with a non-woven fabric (21). The drainage pipe (11) is arranged to be inclined from the ski resort to the outdoors.

6. The construction method of the snow field ground waterproof and heat-insulating structure in direct contact with the surface soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps are: Step 1: Surface (1) treatment 1.

1. Excavation of foundation pit: Excavation of earthwork shall be carried out in accordance with the excavation sequence and schedule, and in accordance with the principles of layered, segmented, symmetrical and parallel excavation; 1.

2. Compacting the bare soil: During the construction process, the original soil is used for backfilling in order to deal with the over-excavation. The backfilling operation should be carried out in layers to ensure that the thickness of each layer of soil is uniform and controlled within the range of 20-30cm. Heavy rolling equipment is used to carry out layered rolling above the backfill soil layer to ensure that the compaction degree reaches the 0.94 standard specified in the design. During the compaction process, the number of rolling times and speed are strictly controlled to prevent excessive or insufficient compaction. The compaction degree is tested through standard penetration test or ring knife sampling method to confirm that the compaction quality of each layer of soil meets the requirements of the project. Step 2: Construction of antifreeze layer (2) 2.

1. Pre-buried drainage pipe (11): The drainage pipe (11) uses a cast iron steel pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. The drainage pipe is set at a spacing of 25 m according to a 2% slope. Brackets (22) of different heights are made according to the slope elevation. One end of the drainage pipe (11) is buried in the medium sand antifreeze layer, and the other end of the drainage pipe (11) is connected to the snow field trench and finally introduced into the outdoor municipal rainwater well. After the drainage pipe (11) is fixed, a layer of non-woven fabric (21) is wrapped at one end of each drainage pipe (11) buried in the medium sand antifreeze layer by iron wire to prevent debris from entering the drainage pipe (11) and causing blockage in the future; 2.

2. Construction of medium sand: Before construction, the surface of the base soil should be thoroughly cleaned. After the cleaning operation is completed, the medium sand should be compacted using a vibratory roller according to the actual situation on site. The thickness of each layer of medium sand should be controlled within the range of 250-350mm to ensure the compaction effect. At the same time, the medium sand construction near the drainage pipe should be backfilled and compacted manually. After each layer of medium sand is laid, its elevation and flatness should be checked with a line or ruler. For areas with excessive elevation, a shovel should be used to level them. For low-lying areas, medium sand should be added in time and re-compacted. The construction of the antifreeze layer (2) is completed. Step 3: Construction of vapor barrier (3) 3.

1. Laying film: The vapor barrier layer (3) uses a 0.3 mm thick PE high-density polyethylene isolation film. Before laying, select the starting point for laying, unfold the film, and one person slowly stretches it in front while others assist on both sides to ensure that the film is flat and avoids twisting and wrinkles. Lay it in a certain order, with 100 mm overlap between adjacent films to ensure sealing; 3.

2. Fix the film: dig a 5-10cm deep trench at the edge of the film, bury the edge of the film, fill it with soil and tamp it, or fix it with U-shaped nails or wooden stakes, with a spacing of 0.5-1m; 3.

3. Inspection and repair: After laying and fixing, conduct a comprehensive inspection. If wrinkles, damages or loose fixation are found, they should be dealt with in time. Minor damages should be repaired with tape, and major damages should be replaced with new films. Step 4: Construction of rigid layer (4) 4.

1. Binding of the first steel bar (13): When binding the first steel bar (13), use the figure eight buckle binding method, and all the intersections of the two steel bars are bound; 4.

2. Construction of the heat coil (12): The heat coil is fixed to the first steel bar (13) that has been tied by means of a cable tie. The spacing between the fixing points of the straight pipe section is 800 mm, and the spacing between the fixing points of the curved section is 250 mm. 4.

3. Pressure test of the heat coil (12) and the second temperature sensor (20): water is injected into the heat coil (12) to detect the pipeline construction condition. The test pressure is 1.35 MPa and the pressure is stabilized for 1 hour. After the pressure test is qualified, the second temperature sensor (20) is arranged at a spacing of 35 m. 4.

4. Concrete pouring: The concrete used for the rigid layer (4) is C25 ordinary concrete. Before pouring, elevation blocks are set at intervals of 3m in the construction area to ensure the flatness of the concrete molding surface. The concrete should be poured in layers, from the middle to both sides in an orderly manner. When using an inserted vibrator, after the concrete is vibrated, a 6m scraper is used for leveling. After the concrete is initially set, it is smoothed to ensure that the surface of the concrete is flat and smooth after molding. Step 5: Construction of insulation layer (5) The thermal insulation layer (5) is formed by paving two layers of 100 mm thick extruded polystyrene boards with staggered seams. The first layer of extruded board is laid first. After the first layer of extruded board is laid over a certain area, the second layer of extruded board is laid. The adhesive (14) is fully applied on the first layer of extruded board. The adhesive (14) is a two-component polyurethane with a coating rate of 100% and a thickness of 1.5 mm. The gaps between the first layer are filled densely. Then the second layer of thermal insulation board is laid and firmly bonded to the first layer of thermal insulation board. The adhesive (14) is poured around the gaps of the second layer of thermal insulation board. When laying in layers, the boards should be staggered, the same layer should be staggered, and the different layers should be pressed. The minimum distance of the staggered seams should not be less than 300 mm. Loading is prohibited within 7 days after the thermal insulation layer is completed. Step 6: Construction of the first protective layer (6) 6.

1. The first protective layer is made of 34mm thick fine stone concrete. Before pouring, the steel mesh (19) is checked to ensure that it is consistent with the design drawings. Then the surveyor copies the elevation of the floor surface layer on the template and marks it with red paint. When pouring concrete, a cross-shaped iron ruler with the same thickness as the plate is made with steel bars. The iron ruler and the wire are used to check the thickness of the concrete. After vibration, a 6m scraper or drag plate is used to scrape it flat. During the pouring and smoothing process, the wire is used to measure the return elevation with a ruler to control the horizontal elevation of the concrete pouring surface. 6.

2. The cutting of the ground expansion joints shall be carried out on the second day after the concrete pouring is completed. The cutting of the contraction joints shall be arranged as 6m*6m, with a width of 15mm and a depth of 1cm. The joints shall be sealed with elastic sealant; Step 7: Waterproof layer (7) construction Before construction, the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating (71) is placed in a heating tank and heated to a liquid state. Construction is carried out when the specified heat temperature is reached. The manual scraping temperature is ≥120°C, and the spraying temperature is ≥150°C. Then, the extrusion pump is turned on to extrude the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating (71) in the heating tank to the leveling layer. The coating is evenly scraped with a toothed scraper, and the scraping thickness is 1.5 mm. Within 3 minutes after applying the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating (71), the SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane (72) shall be laid. The heating shall be uniform within the width, and the surface of the membrane shall be melted to a bright black color. The membrane shall not be overheated. After the coating layer is melted, the membrane shall be immediately rolled and pasted to the base layer, and rolled with a roller to remove the air under the membrane, so that it is flat and wrinkle-free, and it shall be rolled and bonded firmly. After spraying, the edges of the felt shall be sealed with a trowel before it cools down, and finally the joints shall be sprayed and compacted evenly and carefully with a blowtorch. Step 8: Construction of the second protective layer (8) The second protective layer (8) is a 20 mm thick mortar. The second protective layer should be constructed in blocks, and each block should be constructed at one time without leaving any construction joints. After the mortar is poured, it should be quickly paved and the concrete should be scraped and compacted according to the elevation reference point. Step 9: Construction of refrigerant layer (9) 9.

1. Binding of the second reinforcement (15): Use iron wire to bind the intersection of the second reinforcement. The binding points are firm and are tied in an eight-shaped buckle manner. Adjacent binding points are arranged in a plum blossom shape to ensure that the reinforcement will not move during concrete pouring. At the same time, stirrup bars (16) are arranged in a plum blossom shape at a spacing of 1500 mm between the bottom reinforcement and the surface reinforcement. 9.

2. Pre-embedding of the cold coil (17) and the first temperature sensor (18): After the second steel bar (15) at the lower part of the refrigerant layer (9) is tied, the cold coil (17) is installed. The cold coil (17) is tied and fixed with the second steel bar (15) at the lower part by a wire tie. After the installation of the cold coil (17) is completed, a pressure test is performed. During the pressure test, the most unfavorable point of static pressure is considered. The test pressure is 1.5 MPa. During the water pressure test, the pressure is maintained for 10 minutes and is not greater than 0.05 MPa. The appearance inspection is qualified if there is no water leakage. After the construction of the cold coil (17) is completed, the first temperature sensor (18) is pre-embedded. The embedding interval of the first temperature sensor (18) is 35 m. 9.

3. Concrete pouring: The refrigerant layer (9) is made of C30F50 antifreeze concrete. When pouring concrete, a slow and uniform pouring method should be adopted. The concrete should be allowed to flow smoothly into the pouring area through auxiliary tools such as chutes and conduits to reduce the impact force. At the same time, according to the established pouring route, the concrete should be gradually filled around the cold coil to reduce the possibility of damage to the cold coil due to excessive local pressure.

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