Elastic damping device and adjusting method

Abstract

The invention provides an elastic damping device which comprises a first seat plate, a second seat plate arranged below the first seat plate, and a pair of damping parts symmetrically arranged on the second seat plate and matched with the first seat plate through guide rails, the damping piece is configured to be capable of offsetting the drift distance of the first seat plate after the first seat plate is subjected to earthquake energy through deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bridge bearings, and in particular to an elastic shock absorbing device and an adjustment method. Background Art

[0002] Bridges are generally composed of five major components and five minor components. The five major components are mainly the bridge span structure, support system, piers, abutments, pier foundations and other components. The five minor components are mainly the bridge deck pavement, drainage system, railings, expansion joints, lighting and other components. Among them, the support system is mainly composed of fixed supports, unidirectional movable supports and multi-directional movable supports according to different displacement capabilities. The main function of the support is to transfer various loads of the bridge superstructure to the pier, and to adapt to the displacement caused by live loads, temperature deformation, concrete shrinkage and creep, so that the actual stress conditions of the upper and lower structures meet the design calculation model of the bridge.

[0003] At present, the existing conventional bearing system can well adapt to the displacement caused by the bridge span under normal working conditions and release its excessive internal stress. However, when a strong earthquake occurs, the displacement and horizontal bearing capacity of the bridge exceed the design value of the conventional bearing. After the conventional bearing is damaged, the beam body completely loses its restraint. The existing anti-falling beam device is generally a rigid constraint, that is, the hard-bearing mode resists the epicenter drift of the beam body. The intercepted displacement is limited and it is easy to damage the piers and bridges due to overload. The bridge is at serious risk of earthquake damage due to falling beams and collapse, and it poses a serious threat to the safety of passing vehicles and personnel.

[0004] Therefore, it is desirable in the art to provide an elastic shock absorbing device that can continue to provide elastic horizontal restraint for the bridge when the bearing is damaged by an earthquake. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an elastic shock absorbing device, which can realize graded constraint on the bridge through shock absorbing parts and blocks (i.e., first blocks and second blocks), i.e., provide elastic horizontal constraint and rigid constraint in sequence.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elastic shock absorbing device, comprising a first seat plate,

[0007] a second seat plate disposed below the first seat plate, and

[0008] A pair of shock absorbing members symmetrically arranged on the second seat plate and matched with the first seat plate through a guide rail,

[0009] The shock absorbing member is made of elastic-plastic steel, and is configured to offset the drift of the first seat plate after receiving earthquake energy by deforming.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shock absorbing element is configured as a non-linear structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the shock absorbing member includes any one of ε-type, E-type and C-type structures.

[0012] In one embodiment, two pin shafts are arranged at intervals on the second seat plate, and a cotter pin is provided at the first end of the shock absorbing member to form a rotation pair with the pin shafts.

[0013] In one embodiment, a sliding groove is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate to form a sliding pair with the guide rail.

[0014] In one embodiment, the guide rail is configured as a T-shaped guide rail, and the second end of the shock absorbing member is fixedly connected to the guide rail via a bolt.

[0015] In one embodiment, a first stopper and a second stopper are arranged at intervals on the second seat plate and used to limit the movement path of the guide rail. When the drift of the first seat plate exceeds the elastic displacement and plastic displacement of the shock absorber, the shock absorber abuts against the first stopper or the second stopper.

[0016] In one embodiment, reinforcing ribs are provided on the sides of the first stopper and the second stopper away from the guide rail.

[0017] In one embodiment, a plurality of anchoring steel bars arranged at intervals are provided on the upper end surface of the first seat plate and the lower end surface of the second seat plate; the first seat plate is embedded in the bottom of the beam through the anchoring steel bars, and the second seat plate is embedded in the top of the pier through the anchoring steel bars.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adjustment method, which uses the elastic damping device as described above, and comprises the following contents:

[0019] When the drift of the first seat plate does not exceed the elastic displacement of the shock absorbing component, the shock absorbing component can automatically reset after deformation;

[0020] When the drift amount of the first seat plate is between the elastic displacement and the plastic displacement of the shock absorbing component, the shock absorbing component does not return to its original position after deformation;

[0021] When the drift amount of the first seat plate exceeds the plastic displacement of the shock absorbing member, the shock absorbing member abuts against the first stopper or the second stopper.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] First, when the bearing is damaged by an earthquake, the present invention can provide elastic horizontal constraints and rigid constraints for the bridge in a graded manner according to the actual displacement size through shock-absorbing parts and blocks (i.e., the first block and the second block), thereby effectively providing horizontal elastic buffers and rigid stops to intercept the horizontal drift of the bridge to reduce or eliminate the risk of beam falling at the epicenter, providing the possibility for the automatic reset of the bridge after the earthquake, and realizing shock absorption and earthquake resistance for the bridge at the epicenter.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention can make the first seat plate and the guide rail slide back and forth relative to each other through the matching connection of the guide rail and the sliding groove, so that it can adapt to the temperature displacement of the beam body together with the bridge support well, without interfering with the realization of the main function of the bridge support. In addition, this method can also effectively improve the ability of the device to buffer the drift phenomenon caused by the seismic energy of the first seat plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 The structure of the elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention is schematically shown;

[0027] Figure 2 is a side view of the elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a top view of the elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a first seat plate in the elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a guide rail in an elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a shock absorbing member in an elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the second seat plate in the elastic shock absorbing device according to the present invention.

[0033] In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components. The drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0037] For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 The structure of the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0040] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a side view of the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a top view of the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an elastic shock absorbing device 100 is provided, which mainly includes a first seat plate 11, a second seat plate 12 arranged below the first seat plate 11, and a shock absorbing member 13 connecting the first seat plate 11 and the second seat plate 12.

[0043] In the present invention, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an anchoring steel bar 15 is provided on the first seat plate 11. Preferably, a plurality of anchoring steel bars 15 are provided and are arranged at intervals in the transverse and longitudinal directions on the upper end surface of the first seat plate 11, and the first end of the anchoring steel bar 15 is threadedly connected to the first seat plate 11, and the second end of the anchoring steel bar 15 can be buried in the bottom of the beam to improve the firmness of the device and the beam frame.

[0044] In the present invention, if Figures 1 to 3As shown, an anchoring steel bar 15 is provided on the second seat plate 12. Preferably, a plurality of anchoring steel bars 15 are provided and are arranged at intervals in the transverse and longitudinal directions at the lower end surface of the second seat plate 12, and the first end of the anchoring steel bar 15 is threadedly connected to the second seat plate 12, and the second end of the anchoring steel bar 15 can be buried in the pier top, so that the device can be effectively limited under the action of the anchoring steel bar 15.

[0045] In the present invention, the shock absorbing member 13 is made of elastic-plastic steel. Therefore, after the bridge beam is subjected to seismic energy, the first seat plate 11 will drift under the action of the seismic force. At the same time, the device can complete the energy dissipation work by deforming the shock absorbing member 13 to effectively buffer the drift of the beam.

[0046] The existing anti-falling beam device is generally a rigid constraint, that is, a hard-bearing mode to resist the drift of the beam body at the epicenter, the intercepted displacement is limited, and it is easy to damage the bridge piers and bridges due to overload. The bridge is at serious risk of collapse due to falling beams, and it poses a serious threat to the safety of passing vehicles and personnel. Therefore, compared with the existing technology, this device can continue to provide elastic horizontal constraints for the bridge when the bearing is damaged by an earthquake, thereby providing a horizontal elastic buffer for intercepting the horizontal drift of the bridge, so as to effectively reduce the probability of falling beams.

[0047] In other embodiments, the shock absorber 13 may also be made of a polymer composite material, such as carbon fiber, glass fiber and other high-strength materials.

[0048] In one embodiment, two shock absorbers 13 are provided, and the two shock absorbers 13 are symmetrically arranged. In this way, the seismic energy received by the bridge beam can be reasonably dispersed, thereby ensuring that each shock absorber 13 can be allocated a reasonable seismic capacity, thereby ensuring the service life of the device.

[0049] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, two pins 124 are arranged at intervals on the second seat plate 12. Preferably, a cotter pin 131 is provided on the first end of each of the two shock absorbers 13, which is adapted to the pin 124 and forms a revolute pair. Therefore, when the shock absorber 13 is deformed, it can rotate to a certain extent relative to the second seat plate 12 through the revolute pair, thereby facilitating the energy dissipation work to achieve the purpose of buffering the drift of the beam body.

[0050] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first seat plate 11 in the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the guide rail 14 in the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 5As shown, a sliding groove 111 is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate 11, and the elastic shock absorbing device 100 further includes a guide rail 14 forming a sliding pair with the sliding groove 111. Preferably, the second ends of the two shock absorbing members 13 are fixed to the guide rail 14 by bolts. Therefore, when the first seat plate 11 drifts due to earthquake energy, the shock absorbing member 13 can be driven to move through the sliding pair to deform it, thereby successfully completing the energy dissipation work.

[0053] Preferably, the guide rail 14 is configured as a T-shaped guide rail, and the guide rail 14 is nested in the sliding groove 111. Therefore, during the energy dissipation operation, the guide rail 14 can also slide laterally along the direction of the sliding groove 111, so that the drift of the first seat plate 11 caused by the seismic energy can be more easily buffered.

[0054] In the present invention, it is necessary to ensure that the movement direction of the sliding pair is parallel to the displacement direction of the bridge during installation, so as to ensure that the displacement function of the conventional bridge bearing is not interfered with when an earthquake does not occur.

[0055] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the shock absorbing member 13 in the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention;

[0056] In the present invention, if Figure 6 As shown, the shock absorber 13 is constructed as a nonlinear structure. In other words, the shock absorber 13 includes any one of the ε-type, E-type and C-type structures, wherein the C-type structure can be a single C-type or a double C-type structure. Therefore, when deformation occurs, the buffering capacity of the shock absorber 13 can be effectively improved through these nonlinear structures, thereby facilitating the completion of energy dissipation to achieve the purpose of buffering the drift of the beam body.

[0057] Since the shock absorber 13 has elastic-plastic properties, when deformed, the shock absorber 13 has elastic displacement and plastic displacement. Preferably, when in the range of elastic displacement, the shock absorber 13 has the ability to automatically reset; and when in the range of plastic displacement, the shock absorber 13 does not have the ability to automatically reset.

[0058] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the second seat plate 12 in the elastic shock absorbing device 100 according to the present invention.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and 7 As shown, a first stopper 121 and a second stopper 122 are arranged at intervals on the second seat plate 12 , and the first stopper 121 and the second stopper 122 can effectively limit the movement path of the guide rail 14 .

[0060] In other words, when the drift of the first seat plate 11 exceeds the plastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, the shock absorber 13 will not have the ability to automatically reset. At the same time, it will continue to provide elastic horizontal constraints for the bridge by abutting against the first stop block 121 or the second stop block 122, thereby providing a horizontal elastic buffer to intercept the horizontal drift of the bridge, so as to achieve maximum mitigation or prevention of beam falling, thereby ensuring the safety of the beam and passing vehicles and personnel.

[0061] In one embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, a reinforcing rib 123 is provided on the side of the first stopper 121 and the second stopper 122 away from the guide rail 14. Preferably, the reinforcing rib 123 is configured as a triangular structure, so as to effectively increase the contact area between the reinforcing rib 123 and the baffle plate and the second seat plate 12, thereby improving the blocking strength of the first stopper 121 and the second stopper 122.

[0062] The present invention provides constraints during earthquakes in three main stages:

[0063] Phase 1:

[0064] During this stage, the earthquake state is usually in a medium or small amplitude shaking situation.

[0065] The bridge beam is subjected to earthquake energy to cause the first seat plate 11 to drift, thereby driving the shock absorber 13 to move longitudinally to deform, thereby dissipating energy to buffer the drift of the beam. At this time, the drift of the first seat plate 11 does not exceed the elastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, so the shock absorber 13 can provide elastic constraint (elastic deformation), and the shock absorber 13 can provide automatic reset capability after the vibration energy is dissipated.

[0066] Phase 2:

[0067] During this stage, the earthquake state is usually in a state of large or medium amplitude shaking.

[0068] This stage is the next stage of the first stage. At this time, the drift of the first seat plate 11 exceeds the elastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, but the drift of the first seat plate 11 does not exceed the plastic deformation of the shock absorber 13. Therefore, plastic constraint (plastic deformation) can be provided by the shock absorber 13, and the shock absorber 13 will not have the ability to automatically reset after the vibration energy is dissipated.

[0069] Phase 3:

[0070] During this phase, the earthquake state is usually in a state of large-scale shaking.

[0071] This stage is the next stage of the second stage. At this time, the drift of the first seat plate 11 exceeds the elastic displacement and plastic deformation of the shock absorber 13. Therefore, the shock absorber 13 will abut against the first stop block 121 or the second stop block 122, so that the first stop block 121 or the second stop block 122 provides a rigid constraint to prevent the drift of the bridge beam body in the epicenter, thereby minimizing or preventing the occurrence of beam falling to the greatest extent.

[0072] It is worth noting that when there is no earthquake, the device does not produce a shock-absorbing effect. At this time, the guide rail 14 only cooperates with the sliding groove 111 to slide horizontally, and the shock-absorbing member 13 does not deform.

[0073] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adjustment method, which uses the elastic damping device as described above, and comprises the following contents:

[0074] When the drift of the first seat plate 11 does not exceed the elastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, the shock absorber 13 undergoes elastic deformation to dissipate energy, so that elastic constraint can be provided by the shock absorber 13, and after the vibration energy is dissipated, the shock absorber 13 can provide automatic reset capability for the beam body.

[0075] When the drift of the first seat plate 11 exceeds the elastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, but the drift of the first seat plate 11 does not exceed the plastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, the shock absorber 13 undergoes plastic deformation and dissipates energy. Therefore, plastic constraint can be provided by the shock absorber 13, and after the vibration energy is dissipated, the shock absorber 13 will no longer provide automatic reset capability for the beam body.

[0076] When the drift of the first seat plate 11 exceeds the plastic displacement of the shock absorber 13, the first seat plate 11 will continue to move until the shock absorber 13 abuts against the first stop block 121 or the second stop block 122. Therefore, the first stop block 121 or the second stop block 122 will provide a rigid constraint to prevent the drift of the bridge beam at the epicenter, thereby minimizing or preventing the occurrence of beam falling.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0078] First, when the bearing is damaged by an earthquake, the present invention can provide elastic horizontal constraints and rigid constraints for the bridge in a graded manner according to the actual displacement size through the shock absorbing member 13 and the blocks (i.e., the first block 121 and the second block 122), thereby effectively providing horizontal elastic buffers and rigid stops to intercept the horizontal drift of the bridge to reduce or eliminate the risk of beam falling at the epicenter, providing the possibility for the automatic reset of the bridge after the earthquake, and realizing shock absorption and earthquake resistance for the bridge at the epicenter.

[0079] Secondly, the present invention can make the first seat plate 11 slide back and forth with the guide rail 14 through the matching connection with the sliding groove 111, so that it can adapt to the temperature displacement of the beam body together with the bridge support well, without interfering with the realization of the main function of the bridge support. In addition, this method can also effectively improve the ability of the device to buffer the drift phenomenon caused by the earthquake energy of the first seat plate 11.

[0080] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily make changes or modifications within the disclosure scope of the present invention, and such changes or modifications should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An elastic shock absorbing device, comprising: The first seat plate (11), a second seat plate (12) disposed below the first seat plate (11), and a pair of shock absorbing members (13) symmetrically arranged on the second seat plate (12) and matched with the first seat plate (11) via a guide rail (14), The shock absorbing member (13) is made of elastic-plastic steel, and is configured to offset the drift of the first seat plate (11) after receiving earthquake energy by deforming.

2. The elastic shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorbing element (13) is constructed as a non-linear structure.

3. The elastic shock absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock absorbing member (13) comprises any one of an ε-type, an E-type and a C-type structure.

4. The elastic shock absorbing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two pin shafts (124) are arranged at intervals on the second seat plate (12), and a cotter pin (131) is provided at the first end of the shock absorbing member (13) to form a rotation pair with the pin shaft (124).

5. The elastic shock absorbing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding groove (111) is provided on the lower end surface of the first seat plate (11) and forms a sliding pair with the guide rail (14).

6. The elastic shock absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The guide rail (14) is constructed as a T-shaped guide rail, and the second end of the shock absorbing member (13) is fixedly connected to the guide rail (14) via a bolt.

7. The elastic shock absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A first stopper (121) and a second stopper (122) are arranged at intervals on the second seat plate (12) and are used to limit the movement path of the guide rail (14); when the drift of the first seat plate (11) exceeds the elastic displacement and plastic displacement of the shock absorber (13), the shock absorber (13) abuts against the first stopper (121) or the second stopper (122).

8. The elastic shock absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs (123) are provided on the side of the first stopper (121) and the second stopper (122) away from the guide rail (14).

9. The elastic shock absorbing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of anchoring steel bars (15) arranged at intervals are provided on the upper end surface of the first seat plate (11) and the lower end surface of the second seat plate (12); the first seat plate (11) is embedded in the bottom of the beam through the anchoring steel bars (15), and the second seat plate (12) is embedded in the top of the pier through the anchoring steel bars (15).

10. A method for adjusting, using the elastic damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following contents: When the drift amount of the first seat plate (11) does not exceed the elastic displacement of the shock absorbing member (13), the shock absorbing member (13) can automatically reset after deformation occurs; When the drift amount of the first seat plate (11) is between the elastic displacement and the plastic displacement of the shock absorbing member (13), the shock absorbing member (13) does not return to its original position after deformation; When the drift amount of the first seat plate (11) exceeds the plastic displacement of the shock absorbing member (13), the shock absorbing member (13) abuts against the first stopper (121) or the second stopper (122).

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