Combined structure arranged above water inlet / outlet and used for guiding and discharging ditch water
By designing a three-level layered structure on the slope above the water inlet and outlet of the hydropower station, including a wall-pull-mounted slope structure, a drainage barrier wall structure and a flow-discharging structure, the problem of sediment and solid runoff in the ditch enters the reservoir, the effective filtration and smooth diversion of the ditch water are achieved, and the reservoir and structure are protected.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510042540.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
AI Technical Summary
In water conservancy and hydropower projects, ditches developing above the slope of the inlet and outlet of the hydropower station cause sediment and solid runoff into the reservoir, damaging the structure and slope.
A joint structure is designed, including a wall-pull-mounted structure, a drainage barrier wall structure and a flow-draining energy dissipation structure, which are used for preliminary filtration, sediment interception and water flow energy dissipation respectively to ensure that the ditch water enters the reservoir smoothly after three filtration and continuous diversion.
Through the design of the three-level layered structure, the gravel, stone and silt in the ditch are effectively intercepted, reducing the risk of damage to the reservoir and structure, ensuring the smooth diversion of the ditch water, improving the water quality and reducing the entry of harmful substances.
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Figure CN119824858A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a combined structure arranged above a water inlet / outlet for guiding and draining ditch water. Background Art
[0002] In the development of water conservancy and hydropower, it is inevitable to encounter geological conditions where gullies are developed and cannot be avoided. When many gullies develop on the slopes above the inlet and outlet of a hydropower station, it becomes a design problem to intercept the silt and solid runoff in the gullies from entering the reservoir and to protect the inlet and outlet structures and slopes from damage by gully water. Summary of the invention
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above-mentioned existing problems, a combined structure for guiding and draining ditch water arranged above the water inlet / outlet is provided.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above the inlet / outlet, comprising:
[0005] The cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure is located on the top platform of the slope above the inlet / outlet of the hydropower station, and is used to initially filter the gully water flowing into the gully to intercept the slag and boulders in the gully water;
[0006] The drainage retaining wall structure is arranged along the slope on the next level platform of the cantilevered wall type slope-adhering structure, and is used to perform secondary filtration on the ditch water after the initial filtration to intercept the sediment in the ditch water;
[0007] The diversion and energy dissipation structure is arranged along the slope on the next-level platform of the diversion and retaining wall structure, and is used to dissipate the energy of the ditch water after secondary filtration so that it can be smoothly introduced into the reservoir.
[0008] Through the above-mentioned technical means, the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure is used as the first-level filtering structure, which intercepts the slag and boulders in the ditch water; the guide and retaining wall structure is used as the second-level filtering structure, which intercepts the silt in the ditch water; the diversion and energy dissipation structure is used as the third-level energy dissipation structure to dissipate the energy of the filtered ditch water and divert it into the reservoir.
[0009] In some embodiments, the drain retaining wall structure is in an "eight" shape, the cross-section of the drain retaining wall structure is gravity type, and a plurality of drainage bottom holes are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction at the bottom of the drain retaining wall structure, and a fixed trash fence is arranged at the drainage bottom hole near the opening of the cantilevered wall type slope structure.
[0010] In some embodiments, a slag blocking step is provided between the wall bottom plate of the drainage retaining wall structure and the discharge bottom hole, so that a slag blocking pit for blocking slag is formed on the upstream side of the drainage retaining wall structure.
[0011] In some embodiments, a stainless steel pipe that penetrates the drainage retaining wall structure is pre-buried in the slag blocking step, and the stainless steel pipe is used to discharge the ditch water at the bottom of the drainage retaining wall structure.
[0012] In some embodiments, the diversion and energy dissipation structure includes an open drainage channel section, a slope culvert section and a cover culvert section. The open drainage channel section is immediately connected to the drainage side of the diversion and drainage retaining wall structure. The slope culvert section is arranged along the slope. One end of the slope culvert section is connected to the lower part of the open drainage channel section, and the other end of the slope culvert section is connected to the cover culvert section. The cover culvert section is arranged on the slope gate well platform, and the outlet end of the cover culvert section is connected to the reservoir.
[0013] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the open drainage channel section adopts a tapered rectangular cross-section, the cross-section of the slope culvert section adopts a rectangular cross-section, and the cross-section of the cover culvert section adopts a rectangular cross-section. Continuous energy dissipation steps are provided inside the open drainage channel section and the slope culvert section, and a waterfall is provided at the connection between the slope culvert section and the cover culvert section.
[0014] In some embodiments, a stainless steel railing handrail is provided on the side wall inside the slope culvert section, a steel entry door is provided on the bottom side wall of the slope culvert section, and a steel ladder is provided on the inner side wall of the waterfall well.
[0015] In some embodiments, the cover plate of the cover plate culvert section is a precast concrete cover plate, and an asphalt concrete pavement is laid on the precast concrete cover plate.
[0016] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the cover culvert section is set with a longitudinal slope of 1% to facilitate drainage.
[0017] In some embodiments, a plurality of drainage holes are horizontally spaced apart on the top of the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure, and a concrete protective layer is provided on the slope surface between the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure and the guide and retaining wall structure.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0019] 1. A three-level layered structure is arranged on the slope of the gully above the inlet / outlet of the hydropower station. The first level is a cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure, which uses the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure to block larger solid runoff objects in the ditch water and protect the downstream structure from the impact of large objects. The second level is a drainage retaining wall structure, which uses the drainage retaining wall structure to intercept sediment in the ditch water and reduce the risk of sediment blocking the drainage channel. The third level is a diversion and energy dissipation structure, which uses the diversion and energy dissipation structure to dissipate energy of the filtered ditch water to prevent high-speed water flow from impacting and damaging the drainage structure. The ditch water is finally smoothly diverted into the reservoir by filtering it twice and conducting it three times, avoiding damage to the inlet / outlet structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of this application.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of this application.
[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cantilevered wall-type slope-attached structure in this application.
[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide and retaining wall structure in this application.
[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the open drainage channel section in this application.
[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope culvert section in this application.
[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cover culvert section in this application.
[0027] Description of reference numerals:
[0028] 1. Cantilevered wall-type slope structure; 2. Flow discharge horizontal hole; 3. Drainage retaining wall structure; 4. Slag blocking steps; 5. Stainless steel pipes; 6. Fixed trash fence; 7. Flow discharge bottom hole; 8. Drainage open channel section; 9. Slope culvert section; 10. Cover culvert section; 11. Drop well; 12. Slope gate well platform; 13. Steel ladder; 14. Energy dissipation steps; 15. Steel entry door; 16. Stainless steel railings; 17. Precast concrete cover plate; 18. Asphalt concrete pavement.
[0029] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment." The appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. The particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with the present disclosure.
[0030] The term "comprising" is open ended. As used in the appended claims, the term does not exclude additional structures or steps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0032] Combination Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment is a combined structure arranged above the inlet / outlet for draining ditch water, including a cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1, a drainage retaining wall structure 3 and a diversion and energy dissipation structure. A cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1 is provided on the top platform of the slope above the inlet / outlet of the hydropower station. The cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1 is used to preliminarily filter the ditch water flowing into the gully to intercept the slag and boulders in the ditch water. A drainage retaining wall structure 3 is provided on the next-level platform along the slope of the cantilevered wall-adhering structure 1. The drainage retaining wall structure 3 is used to perform a secondary filtration on the ditch water that has been preliminarily filtered to intercept the sediment in the ditch water. A diversion and energy dissipation structure is provided on the next-level platform along the slope of the drainage retaining wall structure 3. The diversion and energy dissipation structure is used to dissipate the energy of the ditch water that has been filtered twice so that it can be smoothly introduced into the reservoir.
[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of drainage holes 2 are arranged horizontally at intervals on the top of the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1. Specifically, five drainage holes 2 are provided in this embodiment, each hole is 1m×1m in size, and the drainage holes 2 are located at the upper position of the cantilevered wall-adhering structure 1, flush with the top, and the five holes are arranged in a straight line with a spacing of 0.5m. The cross-section of the cantilevered wall-adhering structure 1 is gravity-type, with an upper width of 0.5m and a height of 1.4m. A concrete protective layer is provided on the surface of the slope between the cantilevered wall-adhering structure 1 and the guide and row retaining wall structure 3. The slope is cleared at a ratio of 1:1 according to the on-site terrain. The cantilevered wall-adhering structure 1 and the concrete protective layer form a whole. The cantilevered wall-adhering structure 1 plays the first slag blocking function, and the concrete protective layer can effectively protect the slope.
[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the drainage retaining wall structure 3 is in the shape of an "eight", and is located on the next level of the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1. The cross-section of the drainage retaining wall structure 3 adopts a gravity type. Specifically, the specific specifications of the drainage retaining wall structure 3 in this embodiment are a top width of 0.8m, a bottom width of 2.4m, and a height of 5m. The bottom of the drainage retaining wall structure 3 is provided with a plurality of drainage bottom holes 7 at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a fixed trash fence 6 is provided at the drainage bottom hole 7 near the opening of the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, three drainage bottom holes 7 are provided at the lower part of the drainage retaining wall structure 3, and the width of each hole is 1m. The size of the fixed trash fence 6 in this embodiment is 1.05m×1.05m, and the fixed trash fence 6 adopts a finished steel bar grille, which can be replaced regularly during operation.
[0035] Furthermore, a slag blocking step 4 is provided between the wall bottom plate of the drain retaining wall structure 3 and the discharge bottom hole 7, so that a slag blocking pit for blocking slag is formed on the upstream side of the drain retaining wall structure 3. In this embodiment, the height of the slag blocking step 4 is 60 cm, and the width of the slag blocking pit is 5 m. The slag blocking step 4 can be cleaned and maintained as needed in the later stage.
[0036] Furthermore, a stainless steel pipe 5 penetrating the drainage retaining wall structure 3 is pre-buried in the slag blocking step 4 , and the stainless steel pipe 5 is used to discharge the ditch water at the bottom of the drainage retaining wall structure 3 .
[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the diversion and energy dissipation structure includes a drainage open channel section 8, a slope culvert section 9 and a cover culvert section 10. The drainage open channel section 8 is connected to the drainage side of the diversion and drainage retaining wall structure 3. Specifically, the drainage open channel section 8 is connected to the bottom of the discharge bottom hole 7. The slope culvert section 9 is arranged along the slope, one end of the slope culvert section 9 is connected to the lower part of the drainage open channel section 8, and the other end of the slope culvert section 9 is connected to the cover culvert section 10. The cover culvert section 10 is arranged on the slope gate well platform 12, and the outlet end of the cover culvert section 10 is connected to the reservoir.
[0038] Furthermore, the cross-section of the drainage open channel section 8 adopts a tapered rectangular cross-section, with a net width gradually changing from 4.6m to 2.4m and a net height of 2.5m. The cross-section of the slope culvert section 9 adopts a rectangular cross-section with a net size of 2m×2.4m. Continuous energy dissipation steps 14 are provided inside the drainage open channel section 8 and the slope culvert section 9, and a drop well 11 is provided at the connection between the slope culvert section 9 and the cover culvert section 10. The drop well 11 collects and dissipates the ditch water rushing in from the slope to reduce the flow rate of the ditch water. Specifically, the drop well 11 is located directly below the end of the slope culvert section 9, with a net cross-sectional size of 2.5m×4.1m.
[0039] Furthermore, a stainless steel handrail 16 is provided on the side wall of the slope culvert section 9, a steel door 15 is provided on the bottom side wall of the slope culvert section 9, and a steel ladder 13 is provided on the inner wall of the drop well 11 to facilitate the subsequent inspection, maintenance and cleaning of the flow by the staff.
[0040] Furthermore, the cross section of the cover plate culvert section 10 is a rectangular cross section, and the cross section of the cover plate culvert section 10 is set with a longitudinal slope of 1% for drainage, with a net width of 2m and a net height gradually changing from 2m to 2.3m. The cover plate of the cover plate culvert section 10 is a precast concrete cover plate 17, and an asphalt concrete pavement 18 is laid on the precast concrete cover plate 17.
[0041] The implementation principle of a combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above the water inlet / outlet is as follows:
[0042] In this embodiment, the principle of combining blocking and drainage, with drainage as the main method, is adopted to block and drain the ditch water developed in the gully. Specifically, the first-level cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure 1 can effectively block larger solid runoff objects, so that the ditch water is discharged into the next-level structure after coarse filtration. This not only protects the downstream structure from the impact of large objects, but also performs preliminary coarse filtration.
[0043] For the second-level drainage retaining wall structure 3 in the shape of an "eight", two discharge methods are provided to meet the drainage needs of ditch water under different flow conditions: when the ditch water with a small flow is discharged, the ditch water passes through the discharge bottom hole 7 of the retaining wall and is filtered by the fixed trash fence 6 and discharged into the drainage open channel section 8 below; when the ditch water with a large flow is discharged, the silt in the ditch water is deposited at the bottom of the retaining wall, and the ditch water flows over the retaining wall and rushes into the drainage open channel. This method can ensure smooth discharge of water under high flow conditions, while reducing the risk of silt blocking the drainage system.
[0044] After being processed by the previous levels of structures, the ditch water has been fully filtered, and then the energy of the water flow is reduced through the slope culvert section 9 and the drop well 11 to prevent high-speed water flow from eroding and damaging the structure. The ditch water is finally discharged smoothly into the reservoir through the cover culvert section 10.
[0045] This structure conducts ditch water through secondary filtration and three-level conduit, and finally introduces the ditch water smoothly into the reservoir. In this process, the water quality is improved, the possibility of harmful substances entering the reservoir is reduced, and damage to the slope and inlet / outlet structure is avoided.
[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet, characterized in that: include: The cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure (1) is arranged on the top platform of the slope above the water inlet / outlet of the hydropower station, and is used to initially filter the gully water flowing into the gully to intercept the slag and boulders in the gully water; The drainage retaining wall structure (3) is arranged along the side slope on the next level platform of the cantilevered wall type slope-adhering structure (1), and is used to perform secondary filtration on the ditch water after the primary filtration, so as to intercept the sediment in the ditch water; The diversion and energy dissipation structure is arranged along the slope on the next-level platform of the diversion and retaining wall structure (3), and is used to dissipate the energy of the ditch water after secondary filtration so that it can be smoothly introduced into the reservoir.
2. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage retaining wall structure (3) is in an "eight" shape, the cross section of the drainage retaining wall structure (3) is a gravity type, a plurality of drainage bottom holes (7) are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction at the bottom of the drainage retaining wall structure (3), and a fixed trash fence (6) is arranged at the drainage bottom hole (7) near the opening of the cantilevered wall type slope structure (1).
3. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slag blocking step (4) is provided between the wall bottom plate of the drainage retaining wall structure (3) and the discharge bottom hole (7), so that a slag blocking pit for blocking slag is formed on the upstream side of the drainage retaining wall structure (3).
4. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stainless steel pipe (5) penetrating the drainage retaining wall structure (3) is pre-buried in the slag blocking step (4), and the stainless steel pipe (5) is used to discharge ditch water at the bottom of the drainage retaining wall structure (3).
5. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion and energy dissipation structure comprises a drainage open channel section (8), a slope culvert section (9) and a cover plate culvert section (10); the drainage open channel section (8) is connected to the drainage side of the diversion and drainage retaining wall structure (3); the slope culvert section (9) is arranged along the slope; one end of the slope culvert section (9) is connected to the lower part of the drainage open channel section (8); the other end of the slope culvert section (9) is connected to the cover plate culvert section (10); the cover plate culvert section (10) is arranged on the slope gate well platform (12); and the outlet end of the cover plate culvert section (10) is connected to the reservoir.
6. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the drainage open channel section (8) is a tapered rectangular cross section, the cross section of the slope culvert section (9) is a rectangular cross section, and the cross section of the cover plate culvert section (10) is a rectangular cross section. Continuous energy dissipation steps (14) are provided inside the drainage open channel section (8) and the slope culvert section (9), and a drop well (11) is provided at the connection between the slope culvert section (9) and the cover plate culvert section (10).
7. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall inside the slope culvert section (9) is provided with a stainless steel handrail (16), the bottom side wall of the slope culvert section (9) is provided with a steel entry door (15), and the inner side wall of the waterfall well (11) is provided with a steel ladder (13).
8. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cover plate of the cover plate culvert section (10) is a precast concrete cover plate (17), and an asphalt concrete pavement (18) is laid on the precast concrete cover plate (17).
9. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the cover plate culvert section (10) is set with a longitudinal slope of 1% to facilitate drainage.
10. A combined structure for draining ditch water arranged above a water inlet / outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of horizontal drainage holes (2) are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction on the top of the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure (1), and a concrete protective layer is arranged on the slope surface between the cantilevered wall-type slope-adhering structure (1) and the drainage retaining wall structure (3).