Flame-retardant thermal insulation wall

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building walls, in particular to a flame-retardant heat preservation wall which comprises a fireproof layer, fireproof ribs, a flame-retardant layer, a heat preservation layer, a flame-retardant transition layer, a flame-retardant sealing ring, a thermal barrier cavity, a heat insulation belt, a phase change base body layer, fireproof gridding cloth, a rock wool layer and an aerogel layer. When a fire occurs, a fire source firstly makes contact with the fireproof layer on the outermost layer of the wall body, the ceramic silicone rubber coatings on the surfaces of the fireproof ribs are rapidly carbonized at the high temperature of 800 DEG C to form continuous ceramic layers, and direct burning of flames is isolated; meanwhile, perlite particles in the thermal barrier cavity are heated to expand to form a compact thermal insulation barrier, and the temperature diffusion rate of a flame contact area is reduced; the nanoscale fireproof coating coated on the surface of the fireproof layer triggers a melting foaming reaction at the temperature of 300 DEG C, a porous ceramic framework is generated to cover the surface, and in cooperation with the inherent compressive strength of the cement fiberboard, the fire resistance of the building wallboard is greatly improved, so that the possibility that people in a building get out of danger in a fire behavior is greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building walls, in particular to a flame retardant heat-insulating wall. Background Art

[0002] Building walls are the core components in the vertical direction of buildings, and they bear multiple functions such as load-bearing, enclosure, space separation and aesthetic expression. As the "skeleton" and "skin" of buildings, their structural types and material composition have been constantly evolving with technological progress, reflecting both human adaptability to nature and profoundly affecting the sustainable development of modern society. Natural materials such as clay bricks, stones, and wood constituted the main body of early walls. Reinforced concrete and steel materials born after the Industrial Revolution greatly improved the strength and height of walls. Since the 20th century, glass curtain walls have broken the boundaries between internal and external spaces. Composite walls formed by combining thermal insulation materials such as rock wool and polyurethane with photovoltaic panels have become a key carrier for improving the quality of the living environment and promoting the green economy.

[0003] At present, most of the insulation materials used for building walls on the market are organic polymer materials (such as polystyrene foam EPS, extruded polystyrene board XPS, polyurethane PU), which have low thermal conductivity, light weight and low cost, but their combustion performance is mostly B2 (combustible) or B3 (flammable), which greatly improves the insulation performance of building walls, but it is difficult to ensure fire safety. Although inorganic materials (such as rock wool and glass wool) are Class A non-combustible, they have poor insulation performance, high construction difficulty, easy water absorption and aging, and the dust pollution generated during the production process limits their promotion. At present, they only account for 20% of the market share and are difficult to replace the mainstream position of organic materials.

[0004] However, building wall panels with insufficient fire resistance will cause the speed of fire breaking through fire partitions to increase exponentially once a fire occurs. Partition walls, ceilings and other components with insufficient fire resistance quickly lose their integrity under high temperatures, resulting in a 30%-50% reduction in flame penetration time. Local combustion formed in the early stages of a fire can easily spread in three dimensions through wall cracks and cavity pipes, causing a single room fire to quickly escalate into a whole-floor fire; secondly, the decline in wall insulation performance will prolong the time that the fire smoke temperature remains above 400°C, and toxic substances such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide carried by the high-temperature smoke will break through conventional smoke barriers, posing a serious threat to the safety of life and property of people in the fire.

[0005] In view of this, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a flame retardant thermal insulation wall. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows: a flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to the present invention comprises: a fireproof layer, the outer surface of the fireproof layer is provided with cross-distributed fireproof ribs, and the surface of the fireproof ribs is coated with a ceramic silicone rubber coating;

[0007] The flame retardant layer is arranged inside the fireproof layer and is composed of a closed-cell foam material;

[0008] The heat-insulating layer is arranged inside the flame-retardant layer and comprises an inorganic fiber material.

[0009] Preferably, the fireproof layer is made of cement fiberboard with a thickness of 8-12 mm, and its outer surface is coated with a nano-scale fireproof coating.

[0010] Preferably, the flame retardant layer is composed of polyurethane foam to which an expandable flame retardant is added, and its thickness is 1.2-1.5 times the thickness of the fireproof layer.

[0011] Preferably, a flame retardant transition layer is provided between the fireproof layer and the flame retardant layer, and is composed of expanded graphite composite ceramic fiber, the edge of which extends to form a flame retardant sealing ring, and is embedded with aluminum silicate fiber core material.

[0012] Preferably, the fireproof rib is a hollow structure, and the fireproof rib and the outer surface of the fireproof layer form a closed thermal barrier cavity, and the thermal barrier cavity is filled with expanded perlite particles.

[0013] Preferably, an insulating belt is provided between the flame retardant layer and the thermal insulation layer, and the insulating belt is composed of a phase change matrix layer with a phase change temperature of 45-60° C. and a fireproof mesh cloth with a limiting oxygen index greater than 38%.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the thermal insulation belt is 3-5 mm, the phase change matrix layer is composited by boron-modified paraffin wax and magnesium hydroxide, and the fireproof mesh cloth is basalt fiber mesh cloth.

[0015] Preferably, the thermal insulation layer comprises a rock wool layer and an aerogel layer located outside the rock wool layer, wherein the density of the rock wool layer increases gradually from the inside to the outside.

[0016] Preferably, an aluminum foil reflective film is provided between the rock wool layer and the aerogel layer, and the surface of the aluminum foil reflective film is coated with a zirconium dioxide infrared reflective coating with a reflectivity greater than 90%.

[0017] Preferably, a monitoring module is embedded in the thermal insulation layer, and the monitoring module comprises temperature sensors and flame detectors uniformly arranged in the thermal insulation layer.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. When a fire occurs, the fire source first contacts the outermost fireproof layer of the wall. The ceramic silicone rubber coating on the surface of the fireproof ribs is rapidly carbonized at a high temperature of 800°C to form a continuous ceramic layer, isolating the flame from direct burning. At the same time, the perlite particles in the thermal barrier cavity expand due to heat to form a dense thermal insulation barrier, which reduces the temperature diffusion rate of the flame contact area. The nanoscale fireproof coating coated on the surface of the fireproof layer triggers a melting foaming reaction at 300°C to generate a porous ceramic skeleton covering the surface. Combined with the inherent compressive strength of the cement fiberboard, it greatly improves the fire resistance of the building wallboard, greatly increasing the possibility of people in the building escaping from a fire.

[0020] 2. The wall density of the rock wool layer increases gradually from the inside to the outside, forming a progressive thermal resistance barrier. The low-density area uses the air locking effect to suppress heat convection, and the high-density area blocks heat conduction through a dense fiber network, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer and achieving the technical effect of delaying the time for the fire to break through the insulation layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structure explosion diagram of the present invention

[0024] Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Fireproof layer; 2. Fireproof ribs; 3. Flame retardant layer; 4. Thermal insulation layer; 5. Flame retardant transition layer; 6. Flame retardant sealing ring; 7. Thermal barrier cavity; 8. Insulation belt; 9. Phase change matrix layer; 10. Fireproof mesh cloth; 11. Rock wool layer; 12. Aerogel layer; 13. Aluminum foil reflective film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flame retardant heat-insulating wall, comprising a fireproof layer 1, wherein the outer surface of the fireproof layer 1 is provided with cross-distributed fireproof ribs 2, and the surface of the fireproof ribs 2 is coated with a ceramic silicone rubber coating;

[0029] The flame retardant layer 3 is arranged inside the fireproof layer 1 and is made of a closed-cell foam material;

[0030] The heat-insulating layer 4 is disposed inside the flame-retardant layer 3 and comprises an inorganic fiber material.

[0031] As an embodiment of the present invention, the fireproof layer 1 is made of cement fiber board with a thickness of 8-12 mm, and its outer surface is coated with a nano-scale fireproof coating.

[0032] As an embodiment of the present invention, the flame retardant layer 3 is composed of polyurethane foam added with an expandable flame retardant, and its thickness is 1.2-1.5 times the thickness of the fireproof layer 1.

[0033] As an embodiment of the present invention, a flame retardant transition layer 5 is provided between the fireproof layer 1 and the flame retardant layer 3. The flame retardant transition layer 5 is made of expanded graphite composite ceramic fiber, and its edge extends to form a flame retardant sealing ring 6, which is embedded with aluminum silicate fiber core material.

[0034] As an embodiment of the present invention, the fireproof rib 2 is a hollow structure, and the fireproof rib 2 and the outer surface of the fireproof layer 1 form a closed thermal barrier cavity 7, and the thermal barrier cavity 7 is filled with expanded perlite particles.

[0035] The outermost fireproof layer 1 of the wall is composed of 8-12mm thick cement fiberboard, and the cross-distributed fireproof ribs 2 on its outer surface adopt a hollow structure, forming a closed thermal barrier cavity 7 with the outer surface of the fireproof layer 1. The thermal barrier cavity 7 is filled with expanded perlite particles with a particle size of 1-3mm. When a fire occurs, the fire source first contacts the outermost fireproof layer 1 of the wall. The ceramic silicone rubber coating on the surface of the fireproof rib 2 is rapidly carbonized at a high temperature of 800°C to form a continuous ceramic layer, isolating the flame from direct burning; at the same time, the perlite particles in the thermal barrier cavity 7 expand due to heat, forming a dense thermal insulation barrier, which reduces the temperature diffusion rate of the flame contact area; the nano-scale fireproof coating coated on the surface of the fireproof layer 1 triggers a melting foaming reaction at 300°C to generate a porous ceramic skeleton covering the surface, which cooperates with the cement fiberboard to solidify the fireproof layer 1. The high compressive strength greatly improves the fire resistance of the building wall panels, which greatly increases the possibility of people in the building escaping from the fire; the flame retardant transition layer 5 arranged between the fireproof layer 1 and the flame retardant layer 3 adopts an expanded graphite composite ceramic fiber structure, and the aluminum silicate fiber core flame retardant sealing ring 6 formed by extending the edge expands and fills the joints at high temperature. The expanded graphite expands 300 times in volume at 550°C, and is interwoven with the ceramic fiber to form a three-dimensional carbonized network, which effectively blocks the heat transfer to the inside; the flame retardant layer 3 is composed of polyurethane foam with added expandable flame retardant, and its thickness is 1.2-1.5 times that of the fireproof layer 1. When encountering fire, the flame retardant decomposes to produce non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and water vapor to inhibit the combustion chain reaction, thereby achieving the technical effect of greatly slowing down the spread of the fire in this layer of structure.

[0036] As an embodiment of the present invention, an insulating belt 8 is arranged between the flame retardant layer 3 and the thermal insulation layer 4, and the insulating belt 8 is composed of a phase change matrix layer 9 with a phase change temperature of 45-60°C and a fireproof mesh cloth 10 with a limiting oxygen index greater than 38%.

[0037] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the insulation belt 8 is 3-5 mm, the phase change matrix layer 9 is composited by boron-modified paraffin wax and magnesium hydroxide, and the fireproof mesh cloth 10 is made of basalt fiber mesh cloth.

[0038] During operation, an insulating belt 8 with a thickness of 3-5 mm is added between the flame retardant layer 3 and the thermal insulation layer 4. The insulating belt 8 is composed of a phase change matrix layer 9 of a boron-modified paraffin wax / magnesium hydroxide composite with a phase change temperature of 45-60°C and a fireproof mesh cloth 10 composed of a basalt fiber mesh cloth with a limiting oxygen index of 38%. When the fire spreads and causes the temperature of the flame retardant layer 3 to rise to 45°C, the boron-modified paraffin wax in the phase change matrix layer 9 begins to absorb heat energy, and stores the heat in the molecular structure through a solid-liquid phase change, so that the temperature rise rate is reduced, thereby gaining heat buffer time for the inner thermal insulation layer 4; the magnesium hydroxide particles decompose above 60°C to release crystal water to absorb heat, further playing a role in delaying heat transfer; and the basalt fiber mesh cloth interwoven in the composite layer forms a three-dimensional flame retardant skeleton, and its microporous structure allows the phase change material to flow in a liquid state, while preventing the flame from penetrating and spreading to the thermal insulation layer 4 through the melt adhesion of the fiber surface coating, thereby gaining time for the safe evacuation of people in the building and improving the safety of people in a fire.

[0039] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thermal insulation layer 4 includes a rock wool layer 11 and an aerogel layer 12 located outside the rock wool layer 11, wherein the density of the rock wool layer 11 increases gradually from the inside to the outside.

[0040] As an embodiment of the present invention, an aluminum foil reflective film 13 is provided between the rock wool layer 11 and the aerogel layer 12, and the surface of the aluminum foil reflective film 13 is coated with a zirconium dioxide infrared reflective coating with a reflectivity greater than 90%.

[0041] During operation, if the fire breaks through the outer fireproof layer 1 and the middle flame retardant layer 3 and invades the thermal insulation layer 4, the aerogel layer 12 composited on the outer side of the rock wool layer 11 adopts hydrophobic modified silica aerogel, which still maintains extremely low thermal conductivity at a high temperature of 800°C. In addition, the surface of the aluminum foil reflective film 13 arranged between the rock wool layer 11 and the aerogel layer 12 is coated with a nano zirconium dioxide infrared reflective coating, and its ability to reflect radiant heat energy and the thermal insulation characteristics of the aerogel just form a "reflection-barrier" dual protection mechanism, thereby further improving the fire resistance of the wall; the wall density change of the rock wool layer 11 gradually increases from the inside to the outside to form a progressive thermal resistance barrier, the low-density area uses the air locking effect to suppress heat convection, and the high-density area blocks heat conduction through a dense fiber network, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 4, which has the technical effect of delaying the time for the fire to break through the thermal insulation layer 4.

[0042] As an implementation mode of the present invention, a monitoring module is embedded in the thermal insulation layer 4 , and the monitoring module includes a temperature sensor and a flame detector uniformly arranged in the thermal insulation layer 4 .

[0043] During operation, once the fire invades the wall, the temperature sensor and flame detector of the monitoring module embedded in the insulation layer 4 sense the fire and immediately send an alarm to the control center connected to the monitoring module. After receiving the alarm, the control center can immediately take emergency measures and report to the nearby fire department, so as to protect the lives of people in the fire as much as possible and avoid the expansion of the fire to cause more casualties and losses.

[0044] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and significant advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may also be modified and improved to adapt to different usage environments and customer needs. These modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flame retardant thermal insulation wall, characterized in that: include: A fireproof layer (1), wherein the outer surface of the fireproof layer (1) is provided with cross-distributed fireproof ribs (2), and the surface of the fireproof ribs (2) is coated with a ceramic silicone rubber coating; The flame retardant layer (3) is arranged on the inner side of the fireproof layer (1) and is made of a closed-cell foam material; The thermal insulation layer (4) is arranged on the inner side of the flame retardant layer (3) and comprises an inorganic fiber material.

2. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fireproof layer (1) is made of cement fiber board with a thickness of 8-12 mm, and its outer surface is coated with a nano-scale fireproof coating.

3. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flame retardant layer (3) is composed of polyurethane foam to which an expandable flame retardant is added, and its thickness is 1.2-1.5 times the thickness of the fireproof layer (1).

4. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flame retardant transition layer (5) is provided between the fireproof layer (1) and the flame retardant layer (3), and is made of expanded graphite composite ceramic fiber, the edge of which extends to form a flame retardant sealing ring (6) and is embedded with an aluminum silicate fiber core material.

5. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fireproof rib (2) is a hollow structure, and the fireproof rib (2) and the outer surface of the fireproof layer (1) form a closed thermal barrier cavity (7), and the thermal barrier cavity (7) is filled with expanded perlite particles.

6. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating belt (8) is provided between the flame retardant layer (3) and the thermal insulation layer (4), and the insulating belt (8) is composed of a phase change matrix layer (9) having a phase change temperature of 45-60° C. and a fireproof mesh cloth (10) having a limiting oxygen index greater than 38%.

7. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulation belt (8) is 3-5 mm, the phase change matrix layer (9) is composited from boron-modified paraffin wax and magnesium hydroxide, and the fireproof mesh cloth (10) is made of basalt fiber mesh cloth.

8. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (4) comprises a rock wool layer (11) and an aerogel layer (12) located outside the rock wool layer (11), wherein the density of the rock wool layer (11) increases gradually from the inside to the outside.

9. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: An aluminum foil reflective film (13) is provided between the rock wool layer (11) and the aerogel layer (12), and a surface of the aluminum foil reflective film (13) is coated with a zirconium dioxide infrared reflective coating having a reflectivity greater than 90%.

10. The flame retardant heat-insulating wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (4) is embedded with a monitoring module, and the monitoring module comprises a temperature sensor and a flame detector evenly arranged in the thermal insulation layer (4).

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