Novel insulating flange equipment for ship-shore oil conveying pipeline

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel ship-shore oil conveying pipeline insulating flange device which comprises an anti-explosion structure located between a ship-side oil conveying pipe and a shore-side oil conveying pipe. The lightning protection circuit is connected in the explosion-proof structure; the special resistor is located in the anti-explosion structure and connected between the ship side oil conveying pipe and the shore side oil conveying pipe; wherein the oil tanker, the ship side oil conveying pipe, the special resistor and the shore side oil conveying pipe are combined to form a safe release channel of static electricity and stray current. According to the novel insulating flange equipment for the ship-shore oil conveying pipe, the failure of an anti-static and anti-stray current path is avoided through a formed new static and stray current safe release channel, so that it is ensured that arc sparks and deflagration are not generated in an emergency state, and meanwhile, the lightning protection circuit is additionally arranged between the ship-side oil conveying pipe and the shore-side oil conveying pipe, so that the safety of the ship-shore oil conveying pipe is improved. The problem that an oil delivery arm of a user oil delivery pipeline is prone to lightning stroke due to the fact that the position of the oil delivery arm is high can be effectively solved, lightning protection is provided for the oil delivery pipeline, and safety performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of ship-to-shore oil transportation operations, and in particular to a novel insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil transportation pipelines. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional operation mode of ship-to-shore connection for various chemical tankers and various oil tankers, eliminating static electricity and good grounding are closely related to the safety and reliability of the production process. The stray current and unsafe release of static electricity caused by the potential difference between the hull and the land during the ship-to-shore connection can easily lead to fires in oil tankers and explosions in oil (gas) pipelines for loading and unloading hazardous chemicals, which seriously threaten the production safety of oil tankers, docks, and port areas. In order to avoid the above-mentioned dangers, an anti-static insulating flange or an anti-static hose (or non-conductive short pipe) must be provided at the ship-to-shore connection. The insulating flange or hose is connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline to ensure that no arc sparks and explosions will be generated. However, due to the difficulty of the manufacturing process of the anti-static insulating flange, or long-term exposure to the outdoors, the material resistance value caused by the sun and rain may fail and be unqualified, which ultimately leads to excessive resistance between the ship and the shore, or even insulation, interruption of the static electricity release path, and failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current safety paths, thereby causing static electricity accumulation and ineffective release of stray current. Therefore, it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a new type of ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment to address the problem of immature manufacturing process of anti-static insulating flanges or long-term exposure to the outdoors, where the material resistance value may fail and be unqualified due to sun and rain, which ultimately leads to excessive resistance between the ship and the shore, or even insulation, interruption of the static electricity release path, and failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current safety paths, thereby causing static electricity accumulation and ineffective release of stray currents.

[0004] The present invention provides a novel insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipeline, comprising:

[0005] Explosion-proof structure, located between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline;

[0006] Lightning protection circuit, connected inside the explosion-proof structure;

[0007] Special resistor, located in the explosion-proof structure and connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline;

[0008] Among them, the tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the special resistor and the shore-side oil pipeline form a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the dedicated resistor is connected in parallel to an anti-static and anti-stray current device, and the anti-static and anti-stray current device is an anti-static insulating flange or an anti-static hose.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the explosion-proof structure adopts explosion-proof or casting or sand flushing in accordance with GB3836 or other explosion-proof structures and measures that comply with the national standard GB3836 for explosive environments.

[0011] In one embodiment, the gas explosion-proof level of the explosion-proof structure reaches Ex IIC T6 and above, and the dust explosion-proof level of the explosion-proof structure reaches Ex IIIC T85°C and above.

[0012] In one embodiment, the resistance value of the dedicated resistor is between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ or meets international standards and reaches 1KΩ and above.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the lightning protection circuit includes a lightning discharge tube and an inductive device. The lightning discharge tube meets the requirements of the national lightning protection standard, and the inductive device is resistant to large current and high voltage.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device further includes a first wiring terminal, and the first wiring terminal is fixedly mounted on the pipeline on the ship side.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device further includes a second terminal, and the second terminal is fixedly mounted to the pipeline on the shore side or fixed to a nearby grounding bar through a cable.

[0016] The above-mentioned new ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment avoids the failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current path through the new static and stray current safety release channel composed of the tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the special resistor and the shore-side oil pipeline, thereby ensuring that no arc sparks and deflagration will be generated in an emergency. At the same time, national standards such as "JTS Oil and Gas Chemical Terminal Design Fire Protection Code" 8.3 Lightning protection and anti-static grounding stipulate: Metal components such as loading and unloading arms should be electrically connected and form an electrical path with the grounding system. The grounding resistance should not be greater than 30Ω. The current insulation flange or anti-static hose resistance of the anti-static and stray current path is required to be between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ. Therefore, by adding a lightning protection circuit between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline, it can effectively solve the problem that the installation of the existing anti-static and anti-stray current devices causes the loss of the lightning electromagnetic pulse channel due to the high position of the oil arm of the user's oil pipeline and the vulnerability to lightning strikes, providing lightning protection for the oil pipeline and improving safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipeline in one embodiment.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 100, explosion-proof structure; 200, lightning protection circuit; 300, special resistor; 400, first terminal; 500, second terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the specification of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly in contact with the second feature, or the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of the present invention have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in the specification of the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0026] In the traditional operation mode of ship-to-shore connection for various chemical tankers and oil tankers, eliminating static electricity and good grounding are closely related to the safety and reliability of the production process. The stray current and unsafe release of static electricity caused by the potential difference between the hull and the land during ship-to-shore connection can easily lead to fires in oil tankers and explosions in oil (gas) pipelines for loading and unloading hazardous chemicals, which seriously threatens the production safety of oil tankers, docks, and port areas.

[0027] In order to avoid the above dangers, the ship-shore connection must be equipped with an anti-static insulating flange or anti-static hose (or non-conductive short pipe). The insulating flange or hose is connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline, and its resistance must meet the following requirements: not less than 25KΩ and not more than 2500KΩ (Chinese standard) or not less than 1KΩ (international standard). In this way, the instantaneous stray current generated by the natural potential difference between the ship and the shore becomes very small due to the above "safe" resistance connected between the ship and the shore, thereby ensuring that no arc sparks and explosions will be generated. However, this method still has dangers, such as:

[0028] 1. Due to the immature production process or the long-term exposure of the original anti-static and stray current insulation flange of the oil transfer arm to the outdoors, the body resistance value of the anti-static and stray current insulation flange caused by sun and rain may fail and be unqualified, which eventually leads to the resistance between the ship and the shore being too small or even close to 0, or too large or even insulated, and unable to effectively reduce the overload current caused by the potential difference between the ship and the shore, or unable to effectively release static electricity;

[0029] 2. The ship-side oil pipeline usually needs to be connected with a section of "non-conductive hose" or "insulated hose". Due to the immature production process or long-term use, corrosion will occur, resulting in resistance being too small or even close to 0, or too large or even insulated. If the resistance is too small, it will cause a dangerous overload current, and if the resistance is too large, the static discharge path will be interrupted;

[0030] 3. The oil transfer arm adopts anti-static and anti-stray current insulating flanges that meet the national standards of 25KΩ and 2500KΩ or international standards>1KΩ. National standards such as "JTS Oil and Gas Chemical Terminal Design Fire Protection Code" 8.3 Lightning protection and anti-static grounding stipulate that metal components such as loading and unloading arms should be electrically connected and form an electrical path with the grounding system. The grounding resistance should not be greater than 30Ω. Among them, 30Ω is far less than the threshold of 25KΩ. As a result, the problem of missing the lightning protection electromagnetic pulse channel causes lightning accumulation and the failure of the safety path of lightning protection grounding.

[0031] GB12158-2024 "General Requirements for Preventing Static Electricity Accidents" has requirements for anti-static operations on tankers and ships: When the oil transfer arm or hose is not equipped with a jumper wire, an insulating flange with a resistance greater than 25kΩ and not greater than 2500kΩ or an anti-static hose should be installed. The Ministry of Transport's JTS158-2019 "Design Fire Protection Code for Oil and Gas Chemical Terminals", ISGOTT "International Oil Tanker and Oil Terminal Safety Guide" and other domestic and foreign standards also have similar regulations, requiring that insulating flanges with resistance values ​​that meet the standard requirements should be installed between ship-to-shore transmission pipelines.

[0032] However, due to the complex production technology and chemical properties of the materials, the resistance of the current insulating flanges is either too high or very low, and few meet the national standards. In addition, there are external environmental problems such as sun, rain, corrosion, etc. Therefore, a new type of ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment is urgently needed.

[0033] Combine the following Figure 1 The novel insulating flange device of ship-to-shore oil pipeline of the present invention is described.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a novel insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipeline includes an explosion-proof structure 100, a lightning protection circuit 200 and a dedicated resistor 300.

[0035] The explosion-proof structure 100 is located between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline.

[0036] Since the oil delivery arm or anti-static hose of the user's oil pipeline is often located at a relatively high position, in an open area near the river or the sea, it is easy to be struck by lightning, and the existing insulation flange resistance value needs to meet 25KΩ<R<2500KΩ. If the resistance value is relatively high, there will be problems with the lightning protection discharge channel. For example, the national standard GB15599-2009 "Petroleum and Petroleum Facilities Lightning Safety Code" 7.2 stipulates: All metal parts of the pipeline system, including the metal coating of the sheath, should be grounded. There should be grounding devices at both ends of the pipeline and every 200m to 300m, as well as at branches and bends. The grounding point should be at the pipe pier, and its impact grounding resistance shall not be greater than 10Ω. Therefore, this equipment is also specially designed to provide a special lightning protection circuit 200 for the ship-side oil pipeline to provide lightning protection for the oil pipeline, and the lightning protection circuit 200 is connected in the explosion-proof structure 100 to meet the requirements of GB3836 explosive environment devices.

[0037] Considering that the oil transfer arm or the hose for transporting the medium between the ship and the shore of the oil tanker ship are both explosion-hazardous areas, and the special resistor 300 is a special electrical component, the special resistor 300 is connected in the explosion-proof structure 100.

[0038] Among them, the tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the special resistor 300 and the shore-side oil pipeline form a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current.

[0039] This new type of ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment avoids the failure of anti-static and anti-stray current paths through a new static electricity and stray current safety release channel composed of the tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the special resistor 300 and the shore-side oil pipeline, thereby ensuring that no arc sparks and deflagrations will be generated in an emergency. At the same time, by adding a lightning protection circuit 200 between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline, it can effectively solve the problem of the oil arm of the user's oil pipeline being susceptible to lightning strikes due to its relatively high position, provide lightning protection for the oil pipeline, and improve safety performance.

[0040] It should be noted that the special resistor 300 is connected in parallel to the anti-static and stray current device, which is an anti-static insulating flange or an anti-static hose. The anti-static and stray current device is an anti-static insulating flange prepared by the user of the ship-to-shore oil pipeline. It can be fully insulated, and this material is easy to buy on the market. But it cannot meet the lower limit requirements of the national standard, such as greater than 25KΩ. If it is less than 25KΩ, the installation of this equipment will be invalid due to the low bypass resistance of the special resistor 300. Therefore, the original traditional pipeline isolation flange must be equipped with an insulating flange made of a material with a resistance of 25KΩ<R<2500Ω or greater that meets the national standard requirements. At present, most of the flanges with mature production processes in the market are very high resistance and almost fully insulated.

[0041] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof structure 100 adopts explosion-proof or casting or sand flushing in accordance with GB3836 or other explosion-proof structures and measures in accordance with the national standard GB3836 for explosive environments.

[0042] It should be additionally explained that the gas explosion-proof level of the explosion-proof structure 100 reaches Ex IIC T6 and above, and the dust explosion-proof level of the explosion-proof structure 100 reaches Ex IIIC T85°C and above.

[0043] In this embodiment, the resistance value of the dedicated resistor 300 is between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ, which complies with national standards such as GB12158-2024 "General Requirements for Preventing Electrostatic Accidents" 8.5 Anti-static Operation Requirements for Tankers and Ships: When the oil transfer arm or hose is not equipped with a jumper wire, an insulating flange with a resistance greater than 25kΩ and not greater than 2500kΩ should be installed or an anti-static hose should be used. It also complies with national standards such as the "International Oil Tanker and Oil Terminal Safety Guide" ISGOTT regulations: It should not be less than 1000Ω.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lightning protection circuit 200 includes a lightning discharge tube and an inductive device, and the inductive device is resistant to large current and high voltage.

[0045] It should be noted that the insulation resistance of the lightning protection circuit 200 needs to meet the requirements of the national lightning protection standards. For example, the insulation resistance is not less than 50MΩ, and the nominal discharge current In (8 / 20) and impulse discharge current Iimp (10 / 350) can reach 100KA.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device also includes a first terminal 400, which is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the ship side, and can be installed by bolts, cable ties, or even welding.

[0047] In this embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device also includes a second terminal 500, which is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the shore side or fixed to a nearby grounding bar through a cable. When the second terminal 500 is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the shore side, it can be installed with bolts, cable ties, or even welded, etc.

[0048] It should be noted that the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange equipment also includes a grounding loop. The two ends of the special resistor 300 can be connected to the two ends of the anti-static insulation flange, or directly connected to the grounding bar at the opposite end to ensure the safe release of static electricity and stray current. The two ends of the lightning discharge tube can be connected to the two ends of the anti-static insulation flange, or directly connected to the lightning protection special grounding bar at the opposite end to ensure that the insulation flange or non-conductive hose is not damaged by lightning.

[0049] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0050] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A new type of ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange equipment, characterized in that: include: Explosion-proof structure, located between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline; Lightning protection circuit, connected inside the explosion-proof structure; Special resistor, located in the explosion-proof structure and connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline; Among them, the tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the special resistor and the shore-side oil pipeline form a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current.

2. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The special resistor is connected in parallel to the anti-static and stray current prevention device, and the anti-static and stray current prevention device is an anti-static insulating flange or an anti-static hose.

3. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The explosion-proof structure adopts explosion-proof or casting or sand flushing in accordance with GB3836 or other explosion-proof structures and measures in accordance with the national standard GB3836 for explosive environments.

4. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gas explosion-proof grade of the explosion-proof structure reaches ExIIC T6 and above, and the dust explosion-proof grade of the explosion-proof structure reaches Ex IIIC T85°C and above.

5. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The resistance value of the special resistor is between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ or meets international standards and reaches 1KΩ and above.

6. The novel insulating flange equipment for ship-to-shore oil pipeline according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The lightning protection circuit comprises a lightning discharge tube and an inductive device. The lightning discharge tube meets the requirements of the national lightning protection standard, and the inductive device is resistant to large current and high voltage.

7. The novel insulating flange equipment for ship-to-shore oil pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment also includes a first wiring terminal, which is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the ship side.

8. The novel insulating flange equipment for ship-to-shore oil pipeline according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device also includes a second wiring terminal, which is fixedly installed on the pipeline on the shore side or fixed to a nearby grounding bar through a cable.

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