Vacuum freeze-drying equipment and process for natural plant extract

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of freeze-drying equipment, in particular to vacuum freeze-drying equipment and process for natural plant extracts.The vacuum freeze-drying equipment for the natural plant extractscomprises an equipment shell, a glass cover is movably inserted into the top of the equipment shell, and a placing frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the equipment shell; an extraction mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the interior of the equipment shell, an adsorption mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the extraction mechanism, the extraction mechanism comprises a vacuum pump and a pipeline, and the lower portion of the interior of the equipment shell is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the bottom of the vacuum pump; the active carbon freeze-drying device has the beneficial effects that when the vacuum pump starts to work, the active carbon is driven to enter the freeze-drying chamber, pollutants and moisture possibly existing in the freeze-drying chamber can be adsorbed, meanwhile, the active carbon can reduce the number of gas molecules, so that the air pressure in the freeze-drying chamber is reduced, and the vacuum pump is helped to quickly reach the required vacuum degree and keep the vacuum degree stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of freeze-drying equipment, in particular to vacuum freeze-drying equipment and a process for natural plant extracts. Background Art

[0002] Vacuum freeze-drying equipment for natural plant extracts, that is, vacuum freeze-drying machine for plant extracts, is a device specially used for freeze-drying of natural plant extracts. Vacuum freeze-drying equipment is based on vacuum freeze-drying technology, referred to as freeze-drying or sublimation drying. Its principle is to freeze natural plants containing water into solids at low temperatures, freeze the water in plant cells into ice crystals, and then under a high vacuum environment, heat the ice crystals to sublimate directly into water vapor, thereby achieving dehydration and drying of the plants. During the whole process, the plant material itself maintains the shape when it is frozen, and the volume remains unchanged after drying.

[0003] The patent application publication number CN214701481U discloses a vacuum freeze dryer. Through the coordinated use of a T-shaped guide slider and a T-shaped guide groove, the installation and movement of the L-shaped fixed block can be limited. By using a connecting plate, the difficulty of synchronous movement of the two L-shaped fixed blocks can be reduced. Through the coordinated use of four L-shaped fixed blocks and an extrusion screw, the limit baffle can be extruded. By extruding the limit baffle, the connection between the organic glass cover and the connecting sealing ring can be made tighter to avoid the infiltration of condensed water, which is beneficial to maintaining the performance of the vacuum freeze dryer.

[0004] In the prior art, when a vacuum pump is used to extract water vapor in a freeze-drying chamber, since the pipe of the vacuum pump is arranged at the bottom of the freeze-drying chamber, and water vapor usually moves upward in the freeze-drying chamber, the arrangement of the pipe at the bottom of the freeze-drying chamber will increase the working time of the vacuum pump, thereby reducing the working efficiency of the vacuum pump. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum freeze-drying device and process for natural plant extracts to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: the vacuum freeze-drying equipment of natural plant extracts comprises: an equipment shell, a glass cover is movably inserted inside the top of the equipment shell, a placement rack is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the equipment shell, an extraction mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the interior of the equipment shell, and an adsorption mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the extraction mechanism; the extraction mechanism comprises a vacuum pump and a pipeline, the lower part of the interior of the equipment shell is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the vacuum pump, and the output end of the vacuum pump is fixedly connected to one end of the pipeline; the adsorption mechanism comprises a mounting frame, and the inner wall of the mounting frame is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the other end of the pipe is fixedly connected to the upper part of the equipment shell, an extraction hole is opened at the upper part of the equipment shell at the position of the pipe, and the outer wall at the bottom of the extraction hole is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the top of the pipe.

[0008] Preferably, circular holes are opened on both sides of the outer wall of the pipe, a rope is slidably connected inside the circular hole, the outer wall of one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the mounting frame, a guide hole is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inside of the equipment shell, and a through hole is opened on the outer wall of the top of the equipment shell.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to a mounting seat, the interior of the mounting seat is movably plugged with activated carbon, the outer wall of the activated carbon is movably plugged with the interior of the guide hole, the outer wall of the activated carbon is movably plugged with the interior of through hole one, and the interior of the activated carbon is fixedly connected to a fixing rod.

[0010] Preferably, a slide is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other end of the rope, slide grooves are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the pipe, the interior of the slide groove is movably connected to the outer wall of the slide, and a gravity block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the slide.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the bottom of the slide plate is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring, the outer wall of the bottom of the magnetic ring is fixedly connected with a cleaning brush, and the outer wall of the cleaning brush is in active contact with the outer wall of the pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a filter is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pipe, a track is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the top of the filter, a second through hole is formed on the outer wall at the top of the filter, and an L-shaped magnetic rod is slidably connected to the outer wall of the track.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod is connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the magnetic circle with the same poles repelling each other, the outer wall of the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod is fixedly connected to scraper 2, the outer wall of the top of scraper 2 is movably in contact with the outer wall of the bottom of the cleaning brush, the outer wall of the bottom of the L-shaped magnetic rod is fixedly connected to scraper 1, the outer wall of the bottom of scraper 1 is movably in contact with the outer wall of the top of the filter screen, the outer wall of one side of the pipeline is located below the through hole 2 and is fixedly penetrated by a slag discharge pipe, and the outer wall of one end of the slag discharge pipe is movably connected to a collection box.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the pipe is fixedly connected to a refrigeration plate, the outer wall of the pipe is located on one side of the refrigeration plate and is fixedly connected to a drainage pipe, and the outer wall of one end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected to a water tank.

[0015] A vacuum freeze-drying process for a natural plant extract is realized based on a vacuum freeze-drying device for a natural plant extract. The vacuum freeze-drying process for the natural plant extract comprises the following steps: S1: Vacuum extraction and water evaporation: Start the vacuum pump to extract the air in the freeze-drying chamber, reduce the air pressure in the freeze-drying chamber, use the air pressure difference to move water vapor from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, extract water molecules in the freeze-drying chamber, and accelerate the evaporation or sublimation process of water in the plant extract through the operation of the vacuum pump; S2: Activated carbon adsorption and air pressure regulation: The driving force generated by the downward movement of the gas is used to make the slide slide in the slideway. Through the movement of the slide, the rope and the mounting frame are pulled to make the activated carbon enter the freeze-drying chamber. The activated carbon uses its strong adsorption properties to adsorb pollutants and moisture in the freeze-drying chamber, while reducing the number of gas molecules and lowering the air pressure. S3: Replacement and maintenance of activated carbon: When the activated carbon reaches saturation, the staff will push the fixing plate by hand to remove the activated carbon from the mounting seat, put new activated carbon into the mounting seat, and fix the fixing plate. Clean or replace the fixed plate regularly to maintain its good hydrophilicity and capillary action to draw out the moisture inside the activated carbon; S4: Water vapor condensation and collection: The gas entering the pipeline is filtered through the filter and flows through the surface of the refrigeration plate. The water vapor condenses into liquid water on the surface of the refrigeration plate and flows along the lower side of the plate under the action of gravity. The condensed water droplets enter the water tank through the drain pipe to collect the water vapor. S5: Pipe cleaning and impurity removal: When the slide moves downward, it drives the magnetic ring and the cleaning brush to clean the inner wall of the pipeline. When the slide moves to the bottom of the chute, the magnetic ring and the L-shaped magnetic rod enter the magnetic field range, and the scraper 1 and scraper 2 move by the effect of repulsion of like poles. Scraper 2 removes the debris on the cleaning brush, and scraper 1 removes the debris on the filter screen and enters the slag discharge pipe through through hole 2, and finally enters the collection box for collection.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a vacuum freeze-drying device and process for natural plant extracts. When the vacuum pump starts working, it drives activated carbon into the freeze-drying chamber to absorb pollutants and moisture that may exist in the freeze-drying chamber. At the same time, the activated carbon can reduce the number of gas molecules, thereby reducing the air pressure in the freeze-drying chamber, which helps the vacuum pump to reach the required vacuum degree faster and maintain its stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the placement rack of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the device shell of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device shell of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the mounting frame structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting seat structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pipeline of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at location A; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at location B; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the filter structure of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Equipment shell; 11. Glass cover; 12. Placement rack; 2. Vacuum pump; 21. Pipe; 3. Water tank; 31. Drain pipe; 32. Refrigeration plate; 4. Mounting rack; 41. Through hole 1; 42. Mounting seat; 421. Push spring; 422. Magnetic plate 1; 423. Magnetic plate 2; 424. Mounting plate; 425. Fixed plate; 43. Activated carbon; 44. Guide hole; 45. Fixed rod; 5. Rope; 51. Slide plate; 52. Gravity block; 6. Magnetic ring; 61. Cleaning brush; 62. Track; 63. Filter; 64. Through hole 2; 65. Slag discharge pipe; 66. Collection box; 67. L-shaped magnetic rod; 68. Scraper 1; 69. Scraper 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearly and completely described, and the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] For example, see Figure 1-Figure 11The present invention provides a vacuum freeze-drying device and a process technology scheme for natural plant extracts: the vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts comprises: an equipment shell 1, a glass cover 11 is movably inserted inside the top of the equipment shell 1, a placement rack 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the equipment shell 1, an extraction mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the inside of the equipment shell 1, and an adsorption mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the extraction mechanism, the extraction mechanism comprises a vacuum pump 2 and a pipeline 21, the lower part of the inside of the equipment shell 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the vacuum pump 2, the output end of the vacuum pump 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the pipeline 21, the adsorption mechanism comprises a mounting frame 4, the inner wall of the mounting frame 4 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pipeline 21, the outer wall of the other end of the pipeline 21 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inside of the equipment shell 1, an extraction hole is opened at the position of the pipeline 21 at the upper part of the inside of the equipment shell 1, and the outer wall of the bottom of the extraction hole is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the pipeline 21.

[0020] When negative pressure is generated by the operation of the vacuum pump 2, the gas inside the glass cover 11 is extracted through the pipe 21, so that the water vapor in the glass cover 11 follows the flow of the gas and enters the interior of the pipe 21, thereby reducing the water vapor in the freeze-drying chamber and helping to accelerate the evaporation or sublimation process of water in the plant extract.

[0021] Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, circular holes are opened on both sides of the outer wall of the pipe 21, and a rope 5 is slidably connected inside the circular hole, the outer wall of one end of the rope 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the top of the mounting frame 4, a guide hole 44 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inside of the equipment shell 1, a through hole 41 is opened on the outer wall at the top of the equipment shell 1, a mounting seat 42 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the mounting frame 4, an activated carbon 43 is movably inserted into the inside of the mounting seat 42, the outer wall of the activated carbon 43 is movably inserted into the inside of the guide hole 44, the outer wall of the activated carbon 43 is movably inserted into the inside of the through hole 41, the inside of the activated carbon 43 is fixedly connected to a fixing rod 45, the outer wall of the other end of the rope 5 is fixedly connected to a slide plate 51, slide grooves are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the pipe 21, the inside of the slide grooves is movably connected to the outer wall of the slide plate 51, and a gravity block 52 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the slide plate 51.

[0022] When the vacuum pump 2 starts working, it drives the activated carbon 43 into the freeze-drying chamber to absorb the pollutants and moisture that may exist in the freeze-drying chamber. At the same time, the activated carbon 43 can reduce the number of gas molecules, thereby reducing the air pressure in the freeze-drying chamber, which helps the vacuum pump 2 to reach the required vacuum degree faster and keep it stable. By replacing the activated carbon 43 by the operator, it is avoided that the adsorption performance of the activated carbon 43 decreases after the activated carbon 43 reaches the saturated state. Accordingly, by replacing the activated carbon 43, the activated carbon 43 can always be kept in the best working state.

[0023] Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 2, the inner wall of the pipe 21 is fixedly connected with a cooling plate 32, the outer wall of the pipe 21 is located on one side of the cooling plate 32 and is fixedly connected with a drain pipe 31, and the outer wall of one end of the drain pipe 31 is fixedly connected with a water tank 3.

[0024] Since the refrigeration plate 32 is inclined, the water droplets formed after condensation will be affected by gravity and flow along the lower side of the plate surface through the drain pipe 31 into the water tank 3, thereby collecting water vapor and preventing water vapor from re-entering the freeze-drying chamber. Accordingly, the dry environment in the freeze-drying chamber is maintained, thereby improving the freeze-drying efficiency of plants, preventing water vapor from interfering with the freeze-drying process of plants, and making the freeze-drying process smoother and more efficient.

[0025] Embodiment 4, on the basis of embodiment 2, the outer wall of the bottom of the slide plate 51 is fixedly connected to the magnetic ring 6, the outer wall of the bottom of the magnetic ring 6 is fixedly connected to the cleaning brush 61, the outer wall of the cleaning brush 61 is in active contact with the outer wall of the pipe 21, the inner wall of the pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the filter screen 63, the outer wall of the top of the filter screen 63 is fixedly connected to the track 62, the outer wall of the top of the filter screen 63 is provided with a through hole 64, the outer wall of the track 62 is slidably connected to the L-shaped magnetic rod 67, the outer wall of the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod 67 is in active contact with the outer wall of the magnetic rod 67, and the outer wall of the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod 67 is in active contact with the outer wall of the magnetic rod 67. The outer wall at the bottom of the ring 6 is connected with the same poles repelling each other, the outer wall at the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod 67 is fixedly connected with the scraper 2 69, the outer wall at the top of the scraper 2 69 is in movably contact with the outer wall at the bottom of the cleaning brush 61, the outer wall at the bottom of the L-shaped magnetic rod 67 is fixedly connected with the scraper 1 68, the outer wall at the bottom of the scraper 1 68 is in movably contact with the outer wall at the top of the filter screen 63, the outer wall on one side of the pipeline 21 is located below the through hole 2 64 and is fixedly penetrated by a slag discharge pipe 65, and the outer wall at one end of the slag discharge pipe 65 is movably connected with a collecting box 66.

[0026] As the cleaning brush 61 moves downward, it cleans the inner wall of the pipe 21. The air drawn through the pipe 21 carries water vapor. When the water vapor enters the inside of the pipe 21, the inner wall of the pipe 21 becomes moist, making it easier for the cleaning brush 61 to remove stains on the inner wall of the pipe 21, thereby keeping the inner wall of the pipe 21 clean and reducing pollution inside the pipe 21.

[0027] By setting the scraper 68, the debris on the filter 63 can be cleaned in time, avoiding the blockage of the filter 63 and affecting the air circulation, and correspondingly increasing the efficiency of air passing through the filter 63. At the same time, it reduces the blockage of the pipeline 21, flow reduction, and pressure fluctuation caused by impurities, thereby improving the stability of the entire system.

[0028] Embodiment 5, on the basis of embodiment 2, the inner wall of the mounting seat 42 is fixedly connected with a push spring 421, the outer wall at one end of the push spring 421 is fixedly connected with a magnetic plate 1 422, the outer wall on one side of the magnetic plate 1 422 is connected with a magnetic plate 2 423 by opposite poles attracting each other, the outer wall on one side of the magnetic plate 2 423 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate 424, the outer wall on one side of the mounting plate 424 is fixedly connected with a fixing plate 425, and the outer wall on one side of the fixing plate 425 is in active contact with the outer wall on one side of the activated carbon 43.

[0029] The fixing plate 425 is made of a material with good hydrophilicity and capillary action. When the fixing plate 425 contacts and is fixed on one side of the activated carbon 43, the water molecules inside the activated carbon 43 can be drawn out through the action of the fixing plate 425, thereby delaying the saturation process of the activated carbon 43 and maintaining the continuous adsorption performance of the activated carbon 43.

[0030] During actual use, when working, first, start the vacuum pump 2 to work. When working, the vacuum pump 2 will draw air from the freeze-drying chamber, thereby reducing the air pressure in the chamber. This reduction in air pressure will cause water vapor to move from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, that is, move in the direction of the vacuum pump 2, thereby completing the extraction of water molecules.

[0031] When the vacuum pump 2 generates negative pressure, the gas inside the glass cover 11 is extracted through the pipe 21, so that the water vapor in the glass cover 11 follows the flow of gas into the inside of the pipe 21, thereby reducing the water vapor in the freeze-drying chamber and helping to accelerate the evaporation or sublimation process of water in the plant extract.

[0032] When the gas enters the interior of the pipe 21, the driving force generated by the downward movement of the gas can be used to push the slide plate 51 to slide downward inside the slide groove, and then the resistance of the gas to the push of the slide plate 51 can be reduced by the setting of the gravity block 52. Then, through the downward movement of the slide plate 51, the rope 5 will pull the mounting frame 4 to move upward on the outer wall of the pipe 21, so that the mounting frame 4 drives the activated carbon 43 into the freeze-drying chamber. The activated carbon 43 has a strong adsorption property and can effectively adsorb pollutants and moisture in the air. When the vacuum pump 2 starts working, it drives the activated carbon 43 into the freeze-drying chamber to adsorb pollutants and moisture that may exist in the freeze-drying chamber. At the same time, the activated carbon 43 can reduce the number of gas molecules, thereby reducing the air pressure in the freeze-drying chamber, which helps the vacuum pump 2 to reach the required vacuum degree faster and maintain its stability.

[0033] Since one end of the activated carbon 43 is always inside the guide hole 44, the movement trajectory of the activated carbon 43 can be guided when the mounting frame 4 drives the activated carbon 43 to move upward, so that the activated carbon 43 can quickly pass through the through hole 1 41 and enter the freeze-drying chamber. A sealing ring is arranged inside the through hole 1 41. Through the fixing rod 45 arranged inside the activated carbon 43, the fixing rod 45 can open the sealing ring when the activated carbon 43 moves upward, which not only ensures that the activated carbon 43 can smoothly enter the freeze-drying chamber, but also ensures the sealing effect after the activated carbon 43 enters through the elastic restoring force of the sealing ring, thereby preventing gas leakage during the freeze-drying process. The setting of the guide hole 44 and the fixing rod 45 increases the smoothness of the movement of the activated carbon 43, avoids the deviation of the activated carbon 43 during the movement, and correspondingly increases the accuracy of the movement of the activated carbon 43.

[0034] By pushing the fixing plate 425 by hand so that one side of the fixing plate 425 leaves the contact with the activated carbon 43, the activated carbon 43 can be pushed upward so that the bottom of the activated carbon 43 leaves the inside of the mounting seat 42. After the activated carbon 43 is offset to one side, the activated carbon 43 is pulled out from the inside of the guide hole 44 to complete the removal of the activated carbon 43. This operation is simple and quick, and is convenient for the operator to replace the activated carbon 43, avoiding the adsorption performance of the activated carbon 43 from decreasing after the activated carbon 43 reaches a saturated state. Accordingly, by replacing the activated carbon 43, the activated carbon 43 can always be kept in the best working state.

[0035] The fixing plate 425 is made of a material with good hydrophilicity and capillary action. When the fixing plate 425 contacts and is fixed on one side of the activated carbon 43, the water molecules inside the activated carbon 43 can be drawn out through the action of the fixing plate 425, thereby delaying the saturation process of the activated carbon 43 and maintaining the continuous adsorption performance of the activated carbon 43.

[0036] By separating the magnetic plate 2 423 from the magnetic plate 1 422 , the staff can drive the mounting plate 424 to be removed from the pushing spring 421 , thereby facilitating the staff to clean or replace the water inside the fixing plate 425 , so that the fixing plate 425 can maintain a good working condition.

[0037] The gas entering the pipeline 21 is filtered through the filter 63. When the gas flows through the surface of the refrigeration plate 32, the water vapor will condense into liquid water on the surface of the refrigeration plate 32. Since the refrigeration plate 32 is inclined, the water droplets formed after condensation will be affected by gravity and flow along the lower side of the plate surface through the drain pipe 31 into the water tank 3, thereby collecting the water vapor and preventing the water vapor from re-entering the freeze-drying chamber. Accordingly, the dry environment in the freeze-drying chamber is maintained, thereby improving the freeze-drying efficiency of the plants, preventing the water vapor from interfering with the freeze-drying process of the plants, and making the freeze-drying process smoother and more efficient.

[0038] It should be noted that after the water droplets are formed on the surface of the cooling plate 32, they will be affected by the surface tension and maintain a certain shape and stability. Although air flows through the through holes on the cooling plate 32, it mainly plays the role of heat exchange and providing the conditions required for condensation, and will not drive the water droplets to move downward through the through holes.

[0039] When the slide plate 51 moves downward, the magnetic ring 6 drives the cleaning brush 61 to move downward. When the cleaning brush 61 moves downward, the cleaning brush 61 cleans the inner wall of the pipe 21. The air drawn through the pipe 21 carries water vapor. When the water vapor enters the interior of the pipe 21, the inner wall of the pipe 21 becomes moist, making it easier for the cleaning brush 61 to remove stains on the inner wall of the pipe 21, thereby keeping the inner wall of the pipe 21 clean and reducing pollution inside the pipe 21.

[0040] When the slide plate 51 drives the magnetic ring 6 to move to the bottom of the chute, the magnetic ring 6 and the L-shaped magnetic rod 67 can enter the magnetic field. At this time, the magnetic ring 6 and the L-shaped magnetic rod 67 can drive the scraper 1 68 and the scraper 2 69 to move at the same time through the effect of the same poles repelling each other between the magnetic ring 6 and the L-shaped magnetic rod 67. Then, through the movement of the scraper 2 69, the debris on the cleaning brush 61 can be removed. When the debris on the cleaning brush 61 falls onto the filter screen 63, the debris on the filter screen 63 itself and the fallen debris can be cleaned together through the rotation of the scraper 1 68. In addition, when the scraper 1 68 drives the debris to move to the through hole 2 64, the debris can pass through the through hole 2 64 into the interior of the slag discharge pipe 65, and finally enter the interior of the collecting box 66 through the slag discharge pipe 65 for collection. Through the setting of the scraper 1 68, the debris on the filter screen 63 can be cleaned in time, avoiding the clogging of the filter screen 63 and affecting the air circulation, and correspondingly increasing the efficiency of air passing through the filter screen 63. At the same time, the blockage of the pipeline 21, the reduction of flow and the pressure fluctuation caused by impurities are reduced, thereby improving the stability of the entire system.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts, characterized in that: The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts comprises: a device shell (1), a glass cover (11) is movably inserted into the top of the device shell (1), a placement rack (12) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the device shell (1), an extraction mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the inside of the device shell (1), and an adsorption mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the extraction mechanism; The extraction mechanism comprises a vacuum pump (2) and a pipeline (21); the lower part of the interior of the equipment shell (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the vacuum pump (2); and the output end of the vacuum pump (2) is fixedly connected to one end of the pipeline (21); The adsorption mechanism comprises a mounting frame (4), the inner wall of the mounting frame (4) being slidably connected to the outer wall of the pipeline (21).

2. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the other end of the pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the interior of the device shell (1); an extraction hole is provided at the upper part of the interior of the device shell (1) at the position of the pipe (21); and the outer wall at the bottom of the extraction hole is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the top of the pipe (21).

3. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circular holes are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the pipe (21), a rope (5) is slidably connected inside the circular hole, the outer wall of one end of the rope (5) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the mounting frame (4), a guide hole (44) is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the device shell (1), and a through hole (41) is provided on the outer wall of the top of the device shell (1).

4. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the top of the mounting frame (4) is fixedly connected to a mounting seat (42), the interior of the mounting seat (42) is movably plugged with activated carbon (43), the outer wall of the activated carbon (43) is movably plugged with the interior of the guide hole (44), the outer wall of the activated carbon (43) is movably plugged with the interior of the first through hole (41), and the interior of the activated carbon (43) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (45).

5. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the other end of the rope (5) is fixedly connected to a slide plate (51), and slide grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the pipe (21). The interior of the slide groove is movably connected to the outer wall of the slide plate (51), and the outer wall of the bottom of the slide plate (51) is fixedly connected to a gravity block (52).

6. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the bottom of the slide plate (51) is fixedly connected to a magnetic ring (6), and the outer wall of the bottom of the magnetic ring (6) is fixedly connected to a cleaning brush (61), and the outer wall of the cleaning brush (61) is in active contact with the outer wall of the pipe (21).

7. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the pipe (21) is fixedly connected to a filter screen (63), the outer wall at the top of the filter screen (63) is fixedly connected to a track (62), the outer wall at the top of the filter screen (63) is provided with a second through hole (64), and the outer wall of the track (62) is slidably connected to an L-shaped magnetic rod (67).

8. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod (67) is connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the magnetic ring (6) with the same poles repelling each other; the outer wall of the top of the L-shaped magnetic rod (67) is fixedly connected to a second scraper (69); the outer wall of the top of the second scraper (69) is in movable contact with the outer wall of the bottom of the cleaning brush (61); the outer wall of the bottom of the L-shaped magnetic rod (67) is fixedly connected to a first scraper (68); the outer wall of the bottom of the first scraper (68) is in movable contact with the outer wall of the top of the filter screen (63); the outer wall of one side of the pipe (21) is located below the second through hole (64) and is fixedly penetrated and connected to a slag discharge pipe (65); the outer wall of one end of the slag discharge pipe (65) is movably connected to a collection box (66).

9. The vacuum freeze-drying device for natural plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the pipe (21) is fixedly connected to a refrigeration plate (32), the outer wall of the pipe (21) is located on one side of the refrigeration plate (32) and is fixedly connected to a drainage pipe (31), and the outer wall of one end of the drainage pipe (31) is fixedly connected to a water tank (3).

10. A vacuum freeze-drying process for a natural plant extract, which is realized by using a vacuum freeze-drying device for a natural plant extract according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The vacuum freeze-drying process of the natural plant extract comprises the following steps: S1: Vacuum extraction and water evaporation: Start the vacuum pump (2) to extract the air in the freeze-drying chamber, reduce the air pressure in the freeze-drying chamber, use the air pressure difference to move water vapor from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, extract water molecules in the freeze-drying chamber, and accelerate the evaporation or sublimation process of water in the plant extract through the operation of the vacuum pump (2); S2: Activated carbon (43) adsorption and gas pressure regulation: The driving force generated by the downward movement of the gas is used to make the slide plate (51) slide in the slide groove. The movement of the slide plate (51) pulls the rope (5) and the mounting frame (4) to make the activated carbon (43) enter the freeze-drying chamber. The activated carbon (43) uses its strong adsorption properties to adsorb pollutants and moisture in the freeze-drying chamber, while reducing the number of gas molecules and lowering the gas pressure. S3: Replacement and maintenance of activated carbon (43): When the activated carbon (43) reaches a saturated state, the staff pushes the fixing plate (425) by hand to remove the activated carbon (43) from the mounting seat (42), puts new activated carbon (43) into the mounting seat (42), and fixes the fixing plate (425). The fixing plate (425) is cleaned or replaced regularly to maintain its good hydrophilicity and capillary action so as to draw out the moisture inside the activated carbon (43); S4: water vapor condensation and collection: the gas entering the pipeline (21) is filtered by the filter screen (63) and flows through the surface of the cooling plate (32). The water vapor condenses into liquid water on the surface of the cooling plate (32) and flows along the lower side of the plate surface under the action of gravity. The condensed water droplets enter the water tank (3) through the drain pipe (31), thereby realizing the collection of water vapor. S5: Cleaning the pipeline (21) and removing impurities: When the slide plate (51) moves downward, it drives the magnetic ring (6) and the cleaning brush (61) to clean the inner wall of the pipeline (21). When the slide plate (51) moves to the bottom of the chute, the magnetic ring (6) and the L-shaped magnetic rod (67) enter the magnetic field range, and the scraper plate 1 (68) and the scraper plate 2 (69) move by the effect of repulsion between like poles. The scraper plate 2 (69) removes the impurities on the cleaning brush (61), and the scraper plate 1 (68) removes the impurities on the filter screen (63). The impurities enter the slag discharge pipe (65) through the second through hole (64), and finally enter the collection box (66) for collection.

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