Vertical anti-blocking shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchanger equipment, and particularly discloses a vertical anti-blocking shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a heat exchange tube, a top cover is fixedly buckled on the outer surface of the top of the heat exchange tube, and a bottom cover is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube. The heat exchange tubes are arranged on the first stable plate and the second stable plate in an isolated and inserted mode, so that the heat exchange tubes are in a relatively discrete state in the working process, and the leakage risk caused by mutual friction between the heat exchange tubes due to equipment vibration is avoided; a heat medium is conveyed to the bottom in an S shape in a heat exchange pipe, the staying time of the heat medium in the heat exchange pipe is greatly prolonged, then the heat exchange effect is greatly improved, a rubber ring is arranged to enable a fixed disc to have a certain motion amplitude, and therefore vibration generated when equipment works is transmitted to the fixed disc is greatly reduced, and the equipment is prevented from being damaged. Therefore, the possibility of resonance between the exchange tube and the equipment is greatly reduced, and the exchange tube is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchanger equipment, in particular to a vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment in the field of industrial heat transfer, shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in chemical, energy and refrigeration systems, and their performance directly affects the heat energy conversion efficiency and operational stability. Traditional shell and tube heat exchangers mostly use fixedly arranged heat exchange tubes to exchange heat with shell-side fluids, but in actual applications, they often face the risk of tube bundle wear caused by vibration, local blockage caused by uneven medium flow, and leakage caused by mechanical vibration. Especially when dealing with fluids containing impurities or high viscosity, traditional equipment lacks effective anti-blocking design, which can easily cause a decrease in heat exchange efficiency and an increase in maintenance frequency. In addition, the rigid structure makes it difficult to suppress the resonance effect, further exacerbating equipment losses. Although existing technologies have attempted to alleviate the above problems by optimizing the tube bundle layout or adding support structures, the coordinated optimization of anti-blocking, vibration reduction and adaptive adjustment has not yet been achieved.

[0003] However, the existing shell and tube heat exchangers still have significant technical shortcomings: First, the traditional tube bundle support structure (such as baffles) is mostly rigidly connected, which cannot effectively absorb the vibration energy of the equipment, resulting in resonance friction between the heat exchange tube and the shell, accelerating the wear and leakage risk of the tube wall; second, there is a lack of dynamic anti-blocking mechanism, and the shell fluid is prone to form impurity deposition in the low flow rate area, especially under flow fluctuation conditions, it is difficult to avoid blockage through self-cleaning design; third, the fixed flow channel design cannot adaptively adjust the heat exchange tube flux according to the medium flow, resulting in insufficient flow rate of some tube bundles at low load, aggravating dirt accumulation; fourth, the traditional equipment is insufficient in optimizing the flow path of cold and hot media, the medium residence time is short, and the heat exchange efficiency is limited. The above defects restrict the long-term stable operation and energy efficiency improvement of the heat exchanger, and it is urgent to achieve a breakthrough through integrated elastic vibration reduction, dynamic anti-blocking and flow adaptive technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The present invention provides a vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger, which solves the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchange tube, a top cover is fixedly buckled on the top outer surface of the heat exchange tube, a bottom cover is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube, the diameter of the heat exchange tube is smaller than the top cover and the bottom cover, and also includes:

[0008] A conversion mechanism, wherein the conversion mechanism is fixedly installed inside the heat exchange tube;

[0009] An adaptive mechanism, wherein the adaptive mechanism is fixedly mounted inside the bottom cover, and the adaptive mechanism is arranged directly below the conversion mechanism, and the top of the adaptive mechanism contacts and fits the bottom of the conversion mechanism;

[0010] The conversion mechanism comprises a heat inlet pipe, which passes through and is fixedly connected to the top outer surface of the heat exchange tube, a heat outlet pipe passes through and is fixedly connected to the bottom outer surface of the heat exchange tube, a cold inlet pipe passes through and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bottom cover, a cold outlet pipe passes through and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top cover, fixed disks are fixedly provided on the inner surfaces of both ends of the heat exchange tube, connecting rods are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the two fixed disks close to each other, exchange tubes are passed through and are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the fixed disks, two groups of exchange tubes are provided, and the two groups of exchange tubes are symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the exchange tubes are respectively connected to the bottom cover and the top cover.

[0011] Preferably, the heat inlet pipe and the heat outlet pipe are arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate, and a No. 1 stabilizing plate is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube, and the No. 1 stabilizing plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of one group of the exchange tubes, and four No. 1 stabilizing plates are arranged at fixed intervals along the inner surface of the heat exchange tube.

[0012] Preferably, a No. 2 stabilizing plate is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube away from the No. 1 stabilizing plate, and the No. 2 stabilizing plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of another group of the exchange tubes. Five No. 2 stabilizing plates are arranged at fixed intervals along the inner surface of the heat exchange tube, and the No. 1 stabilizing plate and the No. 2 stabilizing plate are fixedly connected to the fixed plate through a connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the No. 1 stabilizing plate and the No. 2 stabilizing plate are arranged in a semicircular shape, and the No. 1 stabilizing plate and the No. 2 stabilizing plate are arranged in a staggered manner with each other, the outer surface of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a rubber ring, the outer side of the rubber ring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat exchange tube, and the outer surfaces of the No. 1 stabilizing plate and the No. 2 stabilizing plate are also fixedly connected with rubber rings.

[0014] Preferably, the adaptive mechanism includes a turbine, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the turbine, the bottom of the turbine is rotatably connected to the bottom inner surface of the bottom cover through the rotating rod, the turbine and the bottom cover are arranged on the same central axis, and the outer side of the turbine is arranged opposite to the cooling inlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, an isolation ring is fixedly connected to the edge of the upper surface of the turbine, the isolation ring is arranged above the cooling inlet pipe, the side surface of the isolation ring is rotatably connected to the middle inner surface of the bottom cover, and the inner diameter of the isolation ring is smaller than the diameter of the turbine.

[0016] Preferably, a No. 1 plug-in rod is provided above the turbine, the No. 1 plug-in rod is arranged in an arc shape, plug-in grooves are provided on both sides of the No. 1 plug-in rod, a No. 2 plug-in rod is slidably plugged into the plug-in groove, and the No. 1 plug-in rod and the No. 2 plug-in rod are combined into a circular shape.

[0017] Preferably, the outer surface of the No. 2 plug-in rod is fixedly connected to the No. 1 telescopic rod, the No. 1 telescopic rod is provided with elasticity, and one end of the No. 1 telescopic rod away from the No. 2 plug-in rod is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover.

[0018] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the inner surface of the No. 1 plug-in rod, and a counterweight block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and the inner surface of the counterweight block is fixedly connected to a No. 2 telescopic rod, and one end of the No. 2 telescopic rod away from the counterweight block is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, and the bottom surface of the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod, and the counterweight blocks are arranged at a fixed interval along the central axis of the connecting seat. The inner side of the No. 1 plug-in rod is fixedly inlaid with a friction strip, and the bottom surface of the No. 1 plug-in rod is fixedly connected with an isolation membrane, which is arranged in a ring shape, and the outer end of the isolation membrane is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover. When the heat exchanger needs to be used, the cold medium can be passed from the cold inlet pipe, and the hot medium can be passed from the heat inlet pipe at the same time. After the cold medium enters the bottom cover, it will then enter the top cover after being differentiated and transported by the exchange tube, and finally be exported through the cold outlet pipe. After the hot medium enters the heat exchange tube, it will be transported from the top to the bottom of the heat exchange tube, during which it will contact the outer surface of the exchange tube to complete the heat exchange operation, and finally be exported through the heat outlet pipe at the bottom.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The present invention provides a vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (I) This vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger can isolate and insert the exchange tubes on the No. 1 stabilizing plate and the No. 2 stabilizing plate to make the exchange tubes in a relatively discrete state during operation, thereby avoiding the risk of leakage caused by mutual friction between the exchange tubes due to equipment vibration. After the heat medium enters the heat exchange tube, due to the staggered setting between the No. 1 stabilizing plate and the No. 2 stabilizing plate, the heat medium is transported to the bottom in an S shape in the heat exchange tube, which greatly increases the residence time of the heat medium in the heat exchange tube, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange effect. In the process of heat exchange of the cold medium through the exchange tube, due to the No. 1 stabilizing plate The first and second stabilizing plates are connected to the fixed plate as a whole through a connecting rod, and the rubber ring is provided to enable the first and second stabilizing plates and the fixed plate to have a certain range of motion, so that the vibration generated when the equipment body is working is greatly reduced when it is transmitted to the first and second stabilizing plates and the fixed plate, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of resonance between the exchange tube and the equipment, thereby protecting the exchange tube and avoiding leakage caused by rupture of the exchange tube due to frequent resonance with the equipment during operation, and at the same time greatly improving the service life of the heat exchanger and the working stability.

[0022] (ii) In the vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger, the cold medium will continuously gush onto the turbine through the cold inlet pipe when entering the bottom cover, and automatically drive the turbine to rotate when the cold inlet pipe works. The cold medium in the bottom cover is always in motion through the rotation of the turbine, avoiding the problem of impurities accumulating in a pressure dead corner after the cold medium enters the bottom cover and eventually causing the heat exchanger to be blocked, further improving the service life of the heat exchanger. In addition, by setting an isolation ring, the cold medium can only be transported through the gap between the turbine blades when it just enters the bottom cover, thereby increasing the impact force of the cold medium on the turbine, ensuring that the turbine can still be driven to work under low-flow heat exchange conditions, greatly improving the applicability of the heat exchanger.

[0023] (III) In this vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger, the rotation speed of the turbine will automatically match as the impact force of the cold medium with different flow rates on the turbine is different. When the turbine rotates, the connecting seat will be driven to rotate through the rotating rod. When the connecting seat starts to rotate, the counterweight block will be driven through the No. 2 telescopic rod to start rotating along the slide groove inside the No. 1 plug-in rod. The centrifugal force generated at different turbine speeds is different, so that the impact force of the counterweight block on the outside during rotation will automatically adapt, so that the opening and closing cavity between the No. 1 plug-in rod and the No. 2 plug-in rod will be adaptively changed according to the different flow rates, thereby realizing automatic control of the opening and closing number of the exchange tubes, so that the cold medium can always be present under different flow rates. The flow state passes through the exchange tube, avoiding the blockage problem caused by the cold medium staying and accumulating in the exchange tube for a long time due to insufficient pressure in some exchange tubes when the flow rate is low but the number of exchange tubes is large. When the counterweight block is in a rotating state, since a friction strip is provided on the inner side of the No. 1 plug-in rod, the counterweight block will intermittently contact the friction strip during rotation, thereby intermittently increasing the friction between the counterweight block and the No. 1 plug-in rod, thereby intermittently limiting the rotation speed of the counterweight block, that is, controlling the rotation speed of the turbine, thereby making the operation between the No. 1 plug-in rod, the No. 2 plug-in rod and the counterweight block more stable, avoiding the problem of the counterweight block and the turbine rotating too fast and exceeding the load to cause loss of control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat exchange tube of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed disk of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation membrane of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the turbine of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the friction strip of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. heat exchange tube; 2. top cover; 3. bottom cover; 4. conversion mechanism; 41. heat inlet pipe; 42. heat outlet pipe; 43. cold inlet pipe; 44. cold outlet pipe; 45. fixed plate; 46. connecting rod; 47. exchange tube; 48. No. 1 stabilizing plate; 49. No. 2 stabilizing plate; 410. rubber ring; 5. adaptive mechanism; 51. turbine; 52. rotating rod; 53. isolation ring; 54. No. 1 plug-in rod; 55. plug-in slot; 56. No. 2 plug-in rod; 57. No. 1 telescopic rod; 58. slide slot; 59. counterweight; 510. No. 2 telescopic rod; 511. connecting seat; 512. friction strip; 513. isolation membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] First embodiment: Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchange tube 1, a top cover 2 is fixedly buckled on the top outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1, a bottom cover 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube 1, and the diameter of the heat exchange tube 1 is smaller than the top cover 2 and the bottom cover 3, and also includes:

[0035] The conversion mechanism 4 is fixedly installed inside the heat exchange tube 1;

[0036] The adaptive mechanism 5 is fixedly installed inside the bottom cover 3, and the adaptive mechanism 5 is arranged directly below the conversion mechanism 4, and the top of the adaptive mechanism 5 contacts and fits the bottom of the conversion mechanism 4;

[0037] The conversion mechanism 4 includes a heat inlet pipe 41, which passes through and is fixedly connected to the top outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1, a heat outlet pipe 42 passes through and is fixedly connected to the bottom outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1, a cold inlet pipe 43 passes through and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bottom cover 3, a cold outlet pipe 44 passes through and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top cover 2, and fixed disks 45 are fixedly provided on the inner surfaces of both ends of the heat exchange tube 1, and connecting rods 46 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the two fixed disks 45 close to each other, and exchange tubes 47 are passed through and are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the fixed disks 45. Two groups of exchange tubes 47 are provided, and the two groups of exchange tubes 47 are symmetrically arranged with each other. The two ends of the exchange tube 47 are respectively connected to the bottom cover 3 and the top cover 2.

[0038] The heat inlet pipe 41 and the heat outlet pipe 42 are arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate 45. A No. 1 stabilizing plate 48 is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube 1. The No. 1 stabilizing plate 48 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of one group of exchange tubes 47. Four No. 1 stabilizing plates 48 are arranged at fixed intervals along the inner surface of the heat exchange tube 1.

[0039] A second stabilizing plate 49 is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube 1 away from the first stabilizing plate 48. The second stabilizing plate 49 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of another group of exchange tubes 47. Five second stabilizing plates 49 are arranged at fixed intervals along the inner surface of the heat exchange tube 1. The first stabilizing plate 48 and the second stabilizing plate 49 are fixedly connected to the fixed plate 45 through a connecting rod 46.

[0040] The first stabilizing plate 48 and the second stabilizing plate 49 are arranged in a semicircular shape, and the first stabilizing plate 48 and the second stabilizing plate 49 are arranged to be staggered with each other. The outer surface of the fixing plate 45 is fixedly connected with a rubber ring 410, and the outer side of the rubber ring 410 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat exchange tube 1. The outer surfaces of the first stabilizing plate 48 and the second stabilizing plate 49 are also fixedly connected with a rubber ring 410.

[0041] Second embodiment: Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the adaptive mechanism 5 includes a turbine 51, a rotating rod 52 is fixedly connected to the middle of the turbine 51, the bottom of the turbine 51 is rotatably connected to the bottom inner surface of the bottom cover 3 through the rotating rod 52, the turbine 51 and the bottom cover 3 are arranged on the same central axis, and the outer side of the turbine 51 is arranged opposite to the cooling inlet pipe 43.

[0042] An isolation ring 53 is fixedly connected to the edge of the upper surface of the turbine 51 . The isolation ring 53 is arranged above the cooling inlet pipe 43 . The side surface of the isolation ring 53 is rotatably connected to the middle inner surface of the bottom cover 3 . The inner diameter of the isolation ring 53 is smaller than the diameter of the turbine 51 .

[0043] A No. 1 plug-in rod 54 is arranged above the turbine 51. The No. 1 plug-in rod 54 is arranged in an arc shape. Plug-in grooves 55 are provided on both sides of the No. 1 plug-in rod 54. A No. 2 plug-in rod 56 is slidably inserted into the plug-in groove 55. The No. 1 plug-in rod 54 and the No. 2 plug-in rod 56 are combined into a circular ring shape.

[0044] The outer surface of the No. 2 plug-in rod 56 is fixedly connected to the No. 1 telescopic rod 57 . The No. 1 telescopic rod 57 is elastic. One end of the No. 1 telescopic rod 57 away from the No. 2 plug-in rod 56 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover 3 .

[0045] A slide groove 58 is provided on the inner surface of the No. 1 plug-in rod 54, and a counterweight block 59 is slidably connected in the slide groove 58. A No. 2 telescopic rod 510 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the counterweight block 59. The end of the No. 2 telescopic rod 510 away from the counterweight block 59 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 511. The bottom surface of the connecting seat 511 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod 52. Three counterweight blocks 59 are arranged at fixed intervals along the central axis of the connecting seat 511. A friction strip 512 is fixedly inlaid on the inner side of the No. 1 plug-in rod 54. An isolation membrane 513 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the No. 1 plug-in rod 54. The isolation membrane 513 is arranged in a ring shape, and the outer end of the isolation membrane 513 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover 3.

[0046] During operation, when the heat exchanger needs to be used, the cold medium can be introduced from the cold inlet pipe 43, and the hot medium can be introduced from the heat inlet pipe 41 at the same time. After the cold medium enters the bottom cover 3, it will then be transported through the exchange tube 47 to enter the top cover 2, and finally be discharged through the cold outlet pipe 44. After the hot medium enters the heat exchange tube 1, it will be transported from the top to the bottom of the heat exchange tube 1, during which it will contact the outer surface of the exchange tube 47 to complete the heat exchange operation, and finally be discharged through the heat outlet pipe 42 at the bottom. The exchange tube 47 is isolated and inserted on the No. 1 stabilizing plate 48 and the No. 2 stabilizing plate 49, so that the exchange tube 47 is in a relatively discrete state during operation, avoiding the risk of leakage caused by mutual friction between the exchange tubes 47 due to equipment vibration, and when the hot medium enters After entering the heat exchange tube 1, due to the misalignment between the first stabilizing plate 48 and the second stabilizing plate 49, the heat medium is transported to the bottom in an S shape in the heat exchange tube 1, which greatly increases the residence time of the heat medium in the heat exchange tube 1, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange effect. In the process of the cold medium passing through the exchange tube 47 for heat exchange, since the first stabilizing plate 48 and the second stabilizing plate 49 are connected as a whole with the fixed plate 45 through the connecting rod 46, and the rubber ring 410 is provided, the first stabilizing plate 48, the second stabilizing plate 49 and the fixed plate 45 have a certain range of motion, so that the vibration generated when the equipment body is working is greatly reduced when it is transmitted to the first stabilizing plate 48, the second stabilizing plate 49 and the fixed plate 45, thereby greatly reducing the exchange tube 47 and the equipment The possibility of resonance between the equipment and the exchange tube 47 is thus protected to avoid leakage caused by frequent resonance between the exchange tube 47 and the equipment during operation, thereby greatly improving the service life of the heat exchanger and the working stability. When the cold medium enters the bottom cover 3, it will continuously gush on the turbine 51 through the cold inlet pipe 43, and the turbine 51 will be automatically driven to rotate when the cold inlet pipe 43 works. The cold medium in the bottom cover 3 is always in motion through the rotation of the turbine 51, avoiding the problem of impurities accumulating in the pressure dead corner after the cold medium enters the bottom cover 3 and finally causing the heat exchanger to be blocked, further improving the service life of the heat exchanger, and the isolation ring 53 is set to make the cold medium just enter the bottom cover 3 When the turbine 51 rotates, the connecting seat 511 is driven to rotate through the rotating rod 52. When the connecting seat 511 starts to rotate, the counterweight block 59 is driven to rotate along the inner groove 58 of the No. 1 plug-in rod 54 through the No. 2 telescopic rod 510. The centrifugal force generated when the turbine 51 rotates at different speeds is different, so that the counterweight block 59 automatically adapts to the impact force on the outside when rotating.As a result, the opening and closing cavity between the No. 1 plug-in rod 54 and the No. 2 plug-in rod 56 can be adaptively changed according to the different flow rates, thereby realizing automatic control of the opening and closing number of the exchange tube 47, so that the cold medium can always flow through the exchange tube 47 under different flow rates, avoiding the blockage problem caused by the cold medium staying and accumulating in the exchange tube 47 for a long time due to insufficient pressure in some exchange tubes 47 when the flow rate is low but the number of exchange tubes 47 is large. When the counterweight block 59 is in a rotating state, since the friction strip 512 is provided on the inner side of the No. 1 plug-in rod 54, the counterweight block 59 will intermittently contact with the friction strip 512 during rotation, thereby intermittently increasing the friction between the counterweight block 59 and the No. 1 plug-in rod 54, thereby intermittently limiting the rotation speed of the counterweight block 59, that is, controlling the rotation speed of the turbine 51, thereby making the work between the No. 1 plug-in rod 54 and the No. 2 plug-in rod 56 and the counterweight block 59 more stable, avoiding the problem of the counterweight block 59 and the turbine 51 rotating too fast and exceeding the load to cause loss of control.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchange tube (1), characterized in that: A top cover (2) is fixedly fastened to the top outer surface of the heat exchange tube (1), a bottom cover (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube (1), the diameter of the heat exchange tube (1) is smaller than the top cover (2) and the bottom cover (3), and further comprises: A conversion mechanism (4), wherein the conversion mechanism (4) is fixedly installed inside the heat exchange tube (1); An adaptive mechanism (5), the adaptive mechanism (5) is fixedly mounted inside the bottom cover (3), the adaptive mechanism (5) is arranged directly below the conversion mechanism (4), and the top of the adaptive mechanism (5) is in contact with and fits the bottom of the conversion mechanism (4); The conversion mechanism (4) comprises a heat inlet pipe (41), the heat inlet pipe (41) passes through and is fixedly connected to the top outer surface of the heat exchange tube (1), the bottom outer surface of the heat exchange tube (1) passes through and is fixedly connected to a heat outlet pipe (42), the outer surface of the bottom cover (3) passes through and is fixedly connected to a cold inlet pipe (43), the outer surface of the top cover (2) passes through and is fixedly connected to a cold outlet pipe (44), the inner surfaces of both ends of the heat exchange tube (1) are fixedly provided with fixed disks (45), the surfaces of the two fixed disks (45) close to each other are fixedly connected with connecting rods (46), the outer surfaces of the fixed disks (45) pass through and are fixedly connected to an exchange tube (47), two groups of the exchange tubes (47) are provided, and the two groups of the exchange tubes (47) are symmetrically arranged with each other, and the two ends of the exchange tube (47) are respectively connected to the bottom cover (3) and the top cover (2).

2. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat inlet pipe (41) and the heat outlet pipe (42) are arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate (45); a first stabilizing plate (48) is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube (1); the first stabilizing plate (48) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of one group of the exchange tubes (47); four first stabilizing plates (48) are arranged at fixed intervals along the inner surface of the heat exchange tube (1).

3. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second stabilizing plate (49) is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube (1) away from the first stabilizing plate (48), and the second stabilizing plate (49) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of another group of the exchange tubes (47). Five second stabilizing plates (49) are arranged at fixed intervals along the inner surface of the heat exchange tube (1), and the first stabilizing plate (48) and the second stabilizing plate (49) are fixedly connected to the fixed plate (45) via a connecting rod (46).

4. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first stabilizing plate (48) and the second stabilizing plate (49) are arranged in a semicircular shape, and the first stabilizing plate (48) and the second stabilizing plate (49) are arranged to be staggered with each other. The outer surface of the fixing plate (45) is fixedly connected to a rubber ring (410), and the outer side of the rubber ring (410) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat exchange tube (1). The outer surfaces of the first stabilizing plate (48) and the second stabilizing plate (49) are also fixedly connected to a rubber ring (410).

5. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adaptive mechanism (5) comprises a turbine (51), a rotating rod (52) is fixedly connected to the middle of the turbine (51), the bottom of the turbine (51) is rotatably connected to the bottom inner surface of the bottom cover (3) via the rotating rod (52), the turbine (51) and the bottom cover (3) are arranged with the same central axis, and the outer side of the turbine (51) is arranged facing the cooling inlet pipe (43).

6. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: An isolation ring (53) is fixedly connected to the edge of the upper surface of the turbine (51), and the isolation ring (53) is arranged above the cooling inlet pipe (43). The side surface of the isolation ring (53) is rotatably connected to the middle inner surface of the bottom cover (3), and the inner diameter of the isolation ring (53) is smaller than the diameter of the turbine (51).

7. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first plug-in rod (54) is arranged above the turbine (51), the first plug-in rod (54) is arranged in an arc shape, plug-in grooves (55) are provided on both sides of the first plug-in rod (54), a second plug-in rod (56) is slidably plugged into the plug-in groove (55), and the first plug-in rod (54) and the second plug-in rod (56) are combined into a circular ring shape.

8. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the No. 2 plug-in rod (56) is fixedly connected to the No. 1 telescopic rod (57), the No. 1 telescopic rod (57) is provided with elasticity, and one end of the No. 1 telescopic rod (57) away from the No. 2 plug-in rod (56) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover (3).

9. A vertical anti-clogging shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sliding groove (58) is provided on the inner surface of the No. 1 plug-in rod (54), a counterweight block (59) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (58), a No. 2 telescopic rod (510) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the counterweight block (59), an end of the No. 2 telescopic rod (510) away from the counterweight block (59) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (511), the bottom surface of the connecting seat (511) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod (52), three counterweight blocks (59) are arranged at fixed intervals along the central axis of the connecting seat (511), a friction strip (512) is fixedly embedded on the inner side of the No. 1 plug-in rod (54), an isolation membrane (513) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the No. 1 plug-in rod (54), the isolation membrane (513) is arranged in a ring shape, and the outer end of the isolation membrane (513) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover (3).

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