Three-dimensional water removal cover for water saving of cooling tower

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical cooling tower circulating cooling water saving, in particular to a three-dimensional water removal cover for cooling tower water saving, which comprises a cover body and a support frame, the support frame is arranged at the top end of the cooling tower; the cover body is arranged on the support frame and is fixedly connected with the support frame; the cover body is of a circular or annular structure. The cover body is of a polygonal mesh structure and comprises a free circulation area and a shadow area. The free circulation area is provided with a polygonal through hole and is used for air circulation; and the shadow region is used for capturing and recycling liquid drops. The cover body of the polygonal mesh structure is designed and is divided into the free circulation area and the shadow area, liquid drops discharged by the cooling tower are effectively captured and recycled, water resources are saved and reused, and waste of the water resources is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving of circulating cooling water in a mechanical cooling tower, and in particular to a three-dimensional water removal cover for water-saving of a cooling tower. Background Art

[0002] For power plants, coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry, and steel and metallurgical industry, cooling towers are needed to generate a large amount of cooling water to cool condensers, generators, auxiliary machines, chemical process equipment, blast furnaces, refining furnaces and other equipment and devices, so as to ensure the normal operation of the entire process system. The mechanical ventilation cooling tower, which is currently more commonly used, causes a large loss of cooling water due to its own evaporation. During the operation of the cooling tower, the airflow out of the tower will mix with the surrounding atmosphere above the cooling tower and condense, and water droplets will precipitate to form plume. The generation of plume will accelerate the corrosion of surrounding equipment or devices, especially for air-cooled island insulator equipment. In long-term dense fog weather, corona and local arc discharge will occur at the end of the insulator, affecting the normal production and operation of industrial enterprises.

[0003] Mechanical ventilation cooling towers reduce water loss by installing water collectors. Currently, the main types of water collectors on the market are corrugated plate water collectors and new cyclone water collectors. The corrugated plate water collector removes droplets carried in the airflow through the principle of inertia. The airflow continues to rise through the curved channel of the folding plate of the water collector, but the droplet particles cannot change their direction in time with the airflow due to inertia, and directly collide with the folding plate of the water collector and are intercepted and returned. The new cyclone water collector uses the guide vane to change the water vapor from a vertical rising state to a rotating turbulent state. After the droplets leave the water collector, the water vapor vortex continues to rotate and move upward. Compared with the linear rising state, the water vapor particles that rise in the rotating state have a longer movement distance and time, which increases the probability of collision between particles, especially between droplets of small particle size, and effectively improves the water collection efficiency.

[0004] Water loss is reduced by using a water collector in the cooling tower. This method can only intercept large droplets with a diameter greater than a certain value in the vortex flow in the cooling tower. A large number of tiny droplets at the cooling tower outlet will be blown into the atmosphere by the cooling tower fan, mixed with the surrounding atmosphere and condensed to form plume, resulting in a waste of water resources. Under the influence of the external turbulent environmental wind, the near-ground flow field behind the tower and the high-altitude plume flow field near the air-cooled island produce complex shear, vortex, multi-scale heat and mass transfer and other complex fluid mechanics problems, resulting in the occurrence of flashover accidents.

[0005] Another related technology for collecting water through mesh is the "fog catcher", which is used to collect fog, especially in foggy deserts, semi-deserts, mountainous areas and coastal areas. Methods for collecting fog and water with different structures and materials have been studied and applied. The most common ones are still traditional grid structures (metal mesh and polymer mesh). There have also been related studies in China on the elasticity of textile yarns and textile structures for fog collectors, mainly through the three-dimensional spaced fabric structure and the elastic properties of the silk thread itself, which can be compressed, squeezed and relaxed to dynamically change the state of droplets on the surface of the water collection sail, so that the droplets can effectively migrate, converge and fall off. However, there has been no related research and application in the field of water saving of cooling tower circulating water.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a three-dimensional water removal hood for saving water in a cooling tower, which is installed at the outlet position of the top of the cooling tower. While changing the flow direction of the humid and hot air flow entering the cooling tower, it blocks the backflow of droplets and plumes in the humid and hot air flow, so that the droplets and plumes originally diffused into the atmosphere flow back into the cooling tower, thereby achieving the purpose of saving water and reducing the occurrence of flashover accidents. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional dewatering hood for water saving in a cooling tower, so as to solve at least one technical problem existing in the prior art.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional water removal cover for water saving in a cooling tower, comprising a cover body and a support frame; The support frame is arranged at the top of the cooling tower; The cover body is arranged on the support frame and is fixedly connected to the support frame; The cover body is a circular or annular structure.

[0009] Further, the cover body is a polygonal mesh structure, including a free circulation area and a shadow area; The polygonal through holes in the free circulation area are used to allow air to circulate; The shadow area is used to capture droplets and recover them.

[0010] Further, the cover body is a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric, including an upper surface fabric layer, a lower surface fabric layer and a spacer yarn layer; The upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer are arranged relatively parallel; The upper end of the spacer wire layer is connected to the upper surface fabric layer, and the lower end is connected to the lower surface fabric layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer are polygonal mesh structures; The upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer have the same shape; A spacer silk layer is arranged between the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the spacer yarn layer is formed by weaving monofilaments alternately into loops between the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer, thereby connecting the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer into a whole.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer are knitted on the front and rear needle beds respectively; The monofilaments are pulled by a comb bar to be knitted on the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer, and are knitted alternately between the front and rear needle beds.

[0014] Furthermore, the material of the spacer silk layer is the same as that of the lower surface fabric layer; The upper surface fabric layer is made of a material different from that of the spacer wire layer and the lower surface fabric layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper surface fabric layer is made of polyethylene fiber, and the spacer wire layer and the lower surface fabric layer are made of polyester fiber, so that the cover body maintains stability and durability in harsh industrial environments, reduces the impact of microorganisms on the cover net and has a greater front load capacity.

[0016] Further, by targeting aerodynamic collection efficiency Get the required shadow factor , thereby determining the mesh size of the cover body, according to the formula:

[0017] in, is the pressure drop coefficient, is the resistance coefficient.

[0018] Furthermore, the cover body is annular, and its inner diameter is an open structure.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By designing a cover with a polygonal mesh structure, which is divided into a free flow area and a shadow area, the droplets discharged from the cooling tower can be effectively captured and recovered, thus achieving water conservation and reuse and reducing water waste.

[0020] (2) The polygonal through-hole design of the free circulation area ensures smooth air circulation without affecting the normal heat dissipation function of the cooling tower, while reducing energy consumption caused by structural obstructions.

[0021] (3) The use of a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric structure combined with fibers of different materials (such as polyethylene fiber and polyester fiber) enhances the overall stability and durability of the cover, enabling it to operate stably for a long time in harsh industrial environments.

[0022] (4) The upper surface fabric layer is made of a different material from the lower surface fabric layer and the spacer wire layer, which helps to reduce the impact of microorganisms on the cover net, extend the service life of the cover body, and reduce potential pollution to the environment around the cooling tower.

[0023] (5) By calculating the target aerodynamic collection efficiency and shadow coefficient, the mesh size of the cover can be accurately determined, and customized design can be achieved to meet the water-saving needs and air circulation requirements of different cooling towers.

[0024] (6) The cover is fixed to the top of the cooling tower through a support frame. It has a simple structure and is easy to install. It also facilitates subsequent maintenance and cleaning, reducing operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a top view of the water removal hood; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view showing a side view of a braided fabric unit disposed on a support frame; Figure 3 It is a top view of the water removal cover of the cooling tower; Figure 4 It is a top view of the structure of a woven fabric unit; Figure 5 A top view of another dewatering hood structure; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of a braided fabric unit; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water removal hood; Figure 8 This is a partial photo of the dewatering hood; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first polygonal mesh structure; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second polygonal mesh structure; Fig.11The following are photos of the cooling tower water removal cover in actual application; Fig.12 It is a simulation device for water-saving test of dewatering hood.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1-hood body; 2-support frame; 3-woven fabric unit; 4-opening structure; 5-connecting rope; 6-connecting ring; 7-hoop ring; 8-hoop rope; 9-fan-shaped cutting piece; 10-hoop tube; 11-circulation area; 12-shadow area; 13-upper surface fabric layer; 14-lower surface fabric layer; 15-spacer wire layer; 16-monofilament. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] It should also be noted that the following specific embodiments or specific implementations are a series of optimized settings listed in the present invention to further explain the specific content of the invention, and these settings can be used in combination or in association with each other.

[0032] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0033] Example 1 like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present embodiment provides a three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in a cooling tower, comprising a cover body 1 and a support frame 2; The support frame 2 is arranged at the top of the cooling tower; The cover body 1 is arranged on the support frame 2 and is fixedly connected to the support frame 2; The cover body 1 is a circular or annular structure.

[0034] As a further implementation of this embodiment, the cover body 1 is spliced ​​by multiple woven fabric units 3 to form a circular or ring structure.

[0035] As a further implementation of this embodiment, the cover body 1 is made of one or more weaving methods including woven, weft knitted, and warp knitted.

[0036] As a further implementation of this embodiment, the cover body 1 is annular, and an opening structure 4 is formed at the inner diameter thereof for adjusting the ventilation volume of the cooling tower.

[0037] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the three-dimensional dewatering cover uses a variety of composite materials, including but not limited to: three-dimensional (3D) woven nylon mesh, three-dimensional (3D) woven polyester mesh, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene webbing, Dyneema webbing, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn, Dyneema yarn, high molecular weight polyester fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyester fiber. The materials used can also be one or more of the materials listed above.

[0038] When the three-dimensional dewatering hood disclosed in the present application is actually used, the support frame 2 is first set at the top of the cooling tower, and then the hood body 1 is set on the support frame 2. In addition, the hood body 1 can also be connected to the support frame 2 in an integrated manner and then set at the top of the cooling tower. The dewatering hood is installed inside or outside the top of the cooling tower. Without changing the original working conditions of the cooling tower, the outlet flow field of the wind duct of the mechanical ventilation cooling tower is changed to block the backflow of the droplets and plumes in the humid and hot air flow. The hood body 1 is circular or annular. When the hood body 1 is circular, the overall mechanical properties of the hood body 1 are excellent, and it is not easy to be damaged or broken, and the hood body 1 can liquefy water vapor and reflux it into the cooling tower, thereby improving water-saving performance. When the cooling load of the cooling tower is large, it is necessary to increase the ventilation volume to improve the cooling efficiency. At this time, the hood body 1 is set as an annular structure, and the inner diameter of the annular structure is an opening structure 4, which is a fixed structure or an adjustable structure.

[0039] The braided fabric unit 3 is fan-shaped, and a plurality of braided fabric units 3 are spliced ​​together in the circumferential direction to form the cover body 1; Two adjacent woven fabric units 3 are connected via a connecting structure.

[0040] As a further implementation of this embodiment, the connection structure is a sewing connection structure, a welding connection structure or an adhesive connection structure.

[0041] As a further implementation of this embodiment, a connecting rope 5 is provided on the braided fabric unit 3; A connecting ring 6 is provided on the outer edge of the support frame 2, and the connecting ring 6 passes through the braided fabric unit 3 through a through hole provided at a corresponding position of the braided fabric unit 3; One end of the connecting rope 5 is arranged at the fan-shaped tip of the braid unit 3, and the other end is tied to the connecting ring 6, so that the braid unit 3 is folded, and the connection position of the connecting rope 5 and the connecting ring 6 is adjusted according to the required opening size to achieve the adjustment of the opening size.

[0042] As a further implementation of this embodiment, the braid unit 3 is further provided with a hoop 7 and a hoop rope 8; A plurality of hoop rings 7 are arranged in the radial direction of the braided fabric unit 3 , and the hoop wire 8 passes through the hoop rings 7 closest to the folded portion on all the braided fabric units 3 and is fastened, thereby forming an open structure 4 .

[0043] When the three-dimensional dewatering hood disclosed in the present application is actually used, the diameter of the required opening structure 4 is first determined. If no opening is required, a plurality of fan-shaped woven fabric units 3 are directly spliced ​​together to obtain a circular cover body 1. If an opening is required, the fan-shaped woven fabric unit 3 is folded according to the radius of the opening, and the connecting rope 5 is fastened to the connecting ring 6 to prevent the folded part from re-unfolding. In addition, the hoop rope 8 is passed through the hoop ring 7 closest to the folded part on all the woven fabric units 3 and fastened, so that the diameter of the opening structure 4 is fixed, and the change in the diameter of the opening structure 4 caused by external force is prevented from affecting the cooling performance and water-saving effect of the cooling tower. When the diameter of the opening structure 4 needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to untie the hoop rope 8, adjust the folded position of the woven fabric unit 3, and then re-tighten the connecting rope 5 and the hoop rope 8.

[0044] The woven fabric unit 3 is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped pieces 9; Two adjacent fan-shaped panels 9 are fixedly connected by a binding belt.

[0045] As a further implementation of this embodiment, a hoop tube 10 is provided on the inner side of the fan-shaped cutting piece 9; The hoop rope 8 passes through the hoop tube 10 on the fan-shaped panels 9 at the innermost ends of all the woven fabric units 3 and is fastened to form a stable open structure 4.

[0046] When the three-dimensional dewatering hood disclosed in the present application is actually used, the diameter of the required opening structure 4 is first determined, and multiple fan-shaped pieces 9 are fixedly connected by bindings according to the size of the opening structure 4 to form a woven fabric unit 3, and then the multiple woven fabric units 3 are arranged and connected in the circumferential direction. The specific connection method can adopt the connection structure in Example 2, which will not be repeated here. When the size of the opening structure 4 needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to increase or decrease the inner pieces on the original basis. In order to enhance the stability of the opening structure 4, a hoop 10 is provided on the inner side of the fan-shaped piece 9. The hoop passes through the hoop 10 on the fan-shaped piece 9 at the innermost end of all the woven fabric units 3 and is tightened so that the shape and size of the opening structure 4 are constrained, thereby preventing the change in the diameter of the opening structure 4 caused by external force from affecting the cooling performance and water-saving effect of the cooling tower.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: (1) By installing a three-dimensional dewatering hood, the droplets and plumes in the hot and humid air flow can be effectively blocked and recirculated, reducing the waste of water resources and significantly improving the water-saving performance of the cooling tower.

[0048] (2) The inner diameter of the hood is an opening structure, which can adjust the ventilation volume according to the cooling load of the cooling tower. The size of the opening structure can be achieved by adjusting the connecting rope and the hoop rope, which can flexibly adapt to different work requirements.

[0049] (3) A variety of composite materials such as three-dimensional woven nylon mesh, polyester mesh, etc. are used. These materials have the characteristics of high strength and wear resistance, ensuring the stability and durability of the dewatering hood in harsh environments.

[0050] (4) The cover body and the support frame can be connected in one piece or installed separately, which is convenient for arrangement inside or outside the top of the cooling tower. At the same time, the woven fabric units are connected by a connecting structure (such as sewing, welding or bonding), which simplifies the installation and disassembly process.

[0051] (5) This technical solution is not only applicable to different types of cooling towers, but can also adjust the shape, size and material of the cover according to actual needs to adapt to different working environments and water-saving requirements.

[0052] (6) The cover body is formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped woven fabric units, and the opening is fixed by structures such as hoops and hoop ropes, thereby enhancing the overall mechanical properties and stability of the cover body, while optimizing the flow field of the cooling tower and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0053] Example 2 like Figure 8-10 As shown, this embodiment discloses: The cover body is a polygonal mesh structure, including a free circulation area 11 and a shadow area 12; The free circulation area 11 has polygonal through holes for air circulation; The shadow area 12 is used to capture and recycle droplets.

[0054] As a further embodiment of the present application, the cover body is a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric, including an upper surface fabric layer 13, a lower surface fabric layer 14 and a spacer yarn layer 15; The upper surface fabric layer 13 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 are arranged relatively parallel; The upper end of the spacer wire layer 15 is connected to the upper surface fabric layer 13 , and the lower end is connected to the lower surface fabric layer 14 .

[0055] As a further embodiment of the present application, the upper surface fabric layer 13 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 are polygonal mesh structures; The upper surface fabric layer 13 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 have the same shape; A spacer yarn layer 15 is disposed between the upper surface fabric layer 13 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 .

[0056] As a further embodiment of the present application, the spacer yarn layer 15 is formed by alternately weaving monofilaments 16 into loops between the upper fabric layer 13 and the lower fabric layer 14 , thereby connecting the upper fabric layer 13 and the lower fabric layer 14 into a whole.

[0057] As a further embodiment of the present application, the upper surface fabric layer 13 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 are knitted on the front and rear needle beds respectively; The monofilament 16 is pulled by a comb bar to be woven on the upper surface fabric layer 13 and the lower surface fabric layer 14, and is woven alternately between the front and rear needle beds.

[0058] As a further embodiment of the present application, the material of the spacer wire layer 15 is the same as that of the lower surface fabric layer 14; The upper surface fabric layer 13 is made of a material different from that of the spacer wire layer 15 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 .

[0059] As a further embodiment of the present application, the upper surface fabric layer 13 is made of polyethylene fiber, and the spacer wire layer 15 and the lower surface fabric layer 14 are made of polyester fiber, so that the cover body maintains stability and durability in harsh industrial environments, reduces the impact of microorganisms on the cover net and has a greater frontal load capacity.

[0060] When designing a three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling towers, material selection is a key factor. Since the cooling tower is in a hot and humid state for a long time, it is easy to breed microorganisms, and the wind conditions are complex. When selecting the cover material, it must have the advantages of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance.

[0061] Polyester fiber and polyethylene fiber are common polymer materials with wide sources and low prices. Polyethylene fiber has relatively stable chemical properties and corrosion resistance, and has good resistance to moisture, heat and UV rays. Polyester fiber has good resistance to microorganisms and is not easily corroded by termites and mold. Since polyester fiber is more wear-resistant and tear-resistant than polyethylene fiber, the three-dimensional fabric cover net uses polyethylene fiber to weave the upper surface layer, and polyester fiber as the spacing layer and the lower surface layer. This structure can reduce the impact of microorganisms on the cover net, maintain stability and durability in harsh industrial environments, and can withstand greater forces on the front. Polyethylene fiber in the upper surface layer of the fabric can prevent damage to the fabric caused by ultraviolet rays to a limited extent.

[0062] Compared with other fabric mist collectors, the advantage of three-dimensional fabrics is that they have a three-dimensional spatial structure. The most intuitive aspect is that they can effectively increase the contact area between water droplets and the fabric surface, such as spiral tower-shaped mist collectors or bionic tree-like artificial trees. This design allows more fog molecules to have the opportunity to be captured and condensed into water droplets. Secondly, specific spatial structures like pitcher plants can "trap" the fog, reduce the flow rate of the fog flow when the fog flow hits the dewatering hood, and increase the exchange time between the fog and the dewatering hood. Three-dimensional structures usually have a large surface area, which helps to quickly dissipate heat in hot and dry environments during the day. When fog contacts these structures, water vapor is more likely to condense into water droplets due to the temperature difference.

[0063] The three-dimensional warp knitted spacer fabric is a three-dimensional structured textile composed of two surface fabric layers and a spacer yarn layer 15, such as Figure 1 As shown, it has unique physical and mechanical properties. Three-dimensional warp knitted spacer fabrics are composed of an upper surface layer, a lower surface layer and an intermediate spacer layer, so they are also called 3D materials. Its production process includes using yarn guide needles to fully penetrate or space the combs in pairs, knitting the upper and lower surface fabrics on the front and rear needle beds respectively, and using a set of combs to carry a single filament 16 (spacer wire) with large bending stiffness to alternately weave into loops between the front and rear needle beds, connecting the upper and lower surface layers into a whole and supporting a certain space in the middle. The spacer wire runs through the two surface layers according to a certain rule to form a spacer layer with a certain thickness and spatial structure. This multi-layer structure not only provides good air permeability and comfort, but also gives the fabric certain compression resistance and cushioning properties. By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By designing a cover with a polygonal mesh structure, which is divided into a free circulation area and a shadow area, the air circulation is effectively promoted while also improving the droplet capture and recovery capabilities, thereby optimizing the water resource utilization of the cooling tower.

[0064] (2) The three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric structure is combined with the different characteristics of polyethylene fiber and polyester fiber, so that the cover body can show higher stability and durability in harsh industrial environments, and can resist microbial erosion, humid and hot conditions and wind effects, thus extending its service life.

[0065] (3) By utilizing the cost-effectiveness of polyethylene fiber and polyester fiber, as well as their respective advantages in corrosion resistance, microbial resistance, wear resistance and tear resistance, the material performance is optimized while controlling costs.

[0066] (4) The three-dimensional structure increases the contact area and exchange time between water droplets and the fabric surface, effectively increasing the contact area between water droplets and the fabric surface and improving the capture efficiency of water droplets. Similar to the spatial structure design of pitcher plants, it effectively "traps" fog, allowing more fog molecules to have the opportunity to be captured and condensed into water droplets, thereby promoting water vapor condensation.

[0067] (5) The three-dimensional structure has a large surface area, which helps to quickly dissipate heat in a hot and dry environment, reduce the temperature of the cover, and further improve the efficiency of water vapor condensation.

[0068] (6) Through a specific production process, such as using a comb to pull the monofilaments to weave them into loops alternately between the front and rear needle beds, a close connection between the upper and lower surface fabrics and a stable support for the spacer layer are achieved, providing an innovative method for the production of three-dimensional dewatering hood nets.

[0069] (7) This application innovatively introduces three-dimensional fabrics into the water-saving system of the cooling tower, further reducing the consumption of water resources in the cooling tower. At the same time, the three-dimensional structure enables the water-saving cover net to have better stability, wind resistance, bearing capacity and mist redistribution.

[0070] Example 3 Collection efficiency through targeted aerodynamics Get the required shadow factor , thereby determining the mesh size of the cover body, according to the formula:

[0071] in, is the pressure drop coefficient, is the resistance coefficient.

[0072] The derivation process of the above formula is as follows: The mesh design of the mist collector directly affects the water output, so the focus is on the mesh characteristics. That is, the free flow area ratio : (1) Where: ——free circulation area ratio (i.e. the area ratio occupied by the free circulation area 11 in Example 2); ——Defined as the grid area; Total screen area The fluid flow around a large three-dimensional hood is quite complex and will affect the grid frame and the airflow through the grid. The shadow coefficient (s) represents the portion of the collector surface that can capture droplets (i.e., the area ratio occupied by the shadow area 12 in Example 2). Generally speaking, it is not good if the shadow coefficient is too large or too small.

[0073] (2) The proportion of undisturbed wind flow that passes through the mesh is determined by the drag and pressure drop coefficients. In other words, the pressure difference between the wind on the front and wind behind the 3D hood must match the pressure drop across the mesh.

[0074] Undisturbed wind speed ( ) is equal to the wind speed directly through the grid ( ) + wind speed at which fog flow deflects around the structure ( ): (3) From the constant density we can see (4) Where: ——the area of ​​the undisturbed region in the flow tube that passes through the grid; ——Grid area.

[0075] In addition, the pressure difference across the grid ( ) equation is as follows: (5) represents the pressure drop coefficient, represents the drag coefficient, so the following equation can be found.

[0076] (6) Therefore, the aerodynamic collection efficiency can be calculated as follows: (7) From equations (5) and (6), we can deduce: (8) From equations (3) and (8), we can deduce: (9) By taking the square root we get: (10) because Must be greater than , the forward evaluation of the following equation can be derived from (9) and (7).

[0077] (11) The above formula can be used to calculate the resistance coefficient of the non-permeable screen: and shadow factor However, the shadow factor has no effect on the pressure drop factor. Therefore, the pressure drop coefficient and drag coefficient It is independent of wind speed, large fog collector mesh and droplet distribution size. Shadow coefficient, fog collector geometry and grid aerodynamic properties are the only factors affecting aerodynamic collection efficiency.

[0078] The size of the shadow area reflects the size of the mesh. It does not mean that the bigger or smaller the better. If it is too small, the water vapor will easily block the mesh and it will be "stuffy". If it is too large, the fraction that directly passes through the mesh will increase, and the collection efficiency will be poor.

[0079] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By accurately calculating the target aerodynamic collection efficiency, the optimal shadow coefficient of the hood is determined, which in turn guides the design of the mesh size. This aerodynamic-based design method can significantly improve the droplet capture efficiency of the mist collector and avoid the problem of poor collection effect due to too large a mesh or water vapor blockage due to too small a mesh.

[0080] (2) This technical solution achieves a reasonable design of the mesh size of the mist collector through scientific calculation, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of water resources. In application scenarios such as cooling towers, it can effectively reduce the waste of water resources and improve water-saving performance.

[0081] (3) Considering the complexity of fluid flow around a large three-dimensional hood, the technical solution ensures the matching between the grid frame and the airflow through the grid through formula derivation. This design enhances the adaptability of the hood under different wind speeds and droplet distribution conditions, ensuring stable collection efficiency.

[0082] (4) Through formula derivation and calculation, this technical solution provides a concise and scientific method for the design of mist collectors. Designers can quickly determine the optimal mesh size without tedious experiments and iterations, thus improving design efficiency and accuracy.

[0083] (5) Since this technical solution comprehensively considers the effects of shadow coefficient, geometric shape of fog collector and grid aerodynamic characteristics on aerodynamic collection efficiency, it can significantly improve the performance of the entire fog collection system. While maintaining a high collection efficiency, it can also reduce the energy consumption and cost of the system.

[0084] Example 4 like Fig.12 As shown, this embodiment discloses a water-saving experimental simulation device for a water-removing hood and experimental data, and the experimental data are shown in the following table:

[0085] This experiment uses wind speed as the first variable and whether to set up a dewatering hood as the second variable. The experiment shows that under the same wind speed, water consumption is significantly reduced after setting up a dewatering hood, and water consumption shows a positive correlation with wind speed when a dewatering hood is set up or not.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling towers, characterized in that: It includes a cover body and a support frame; The support frame is arranged at the top of the cooling tower; The cover body is arranged on the support frame and is fixedly connected to the support frame; The cover body is a circular or annular structure.

2. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover body is a polygonal mesh structure, including a free circulation area and a shadow area; The polygonal through holes in the free circulation area are used to allow air to circulate; The shadow area is used to capture droplets and recover them.

3. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover body is a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric, including an upper surface fabric layer, a lower surface fabric layer and a spacer yarn layer; The upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer are arranged relatively parallel; The upper end of the spacer wire layer is connected to the upper surface fabric layer, and the lower end is connected to the lower surface fabric layer.

4. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer are polygonal mesh structures; The upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer have the same shape; A spacer silk layer is arranged between the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer.

5. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacer yarn layer is formed by alternately weaving single yarns into loops between the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer, thereby connecting the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer into a whole.

6. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer are knitted on the front and rear needle beds respectively; The monofilaments are pulled by a comb bar to be knitted on the upper surface fabric layer and the lower surface fabric layer, and are knitted alternately between the front and rear needle beds.

7. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the spacer silk layer is the same as that of the lower surface fabric layer; The upper surface fabric layer is made of a material different from that of the spacer wire layer and the lower surface fabric layer.

8. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper surface fabric layer is made of polyethylene fiber, and the spacer silk layer and the lower surface fabric layer are made of polyester fiber, so that the cover body maintains stability and durability in harsh industrial environments, reduces the impact of microorganisms on the cover net and has a greater front load capacity.

9. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: Collection efficiency through targeted aerodynamics Get the required shadow factor , thereby determining the mesh size of the cover body, according to the formula: in, is the pressure drop coefficient, is the resistance coefficient.

10. The three-dimensional dewatering cover for water saving in cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover body is annular, and its inner diameter is an open structure.

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