Non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for rotating blade disc

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rotating machinery, and discloses a non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for a rotating-state bladed disc, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: 1, starting a laser scanning system, guaranteeing that a laser beam is aligned with a to-be-measured region of the rotating-state bladed disc, and accurately controlling the moving speed and direction of a laser scanner to measure the vibration of the rotating-state bladed disc; continuous scanning of the surface of the bladed disc is achieved, in the scanning process, laser beams interact with the surface of the bladed disc to generate reflected light, non-contact measurement is adopted, physical interference on the rotating bladed disc is avoided, normal operation of the bladed disc cannot be affected, measurement accuracy and reliability are guaranteed, the detection accuracy is improved, and the detection efficiency is improved. In addition, the method optimizes the maintenance process, reduces the maintenance cost, is not only suitable for a specific type of bladed disc, but also has good universality and adaptability, and can be widely applied to vibration monitoring and analysis of various rotating machines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rotating machinery, and in particular to a non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for a rotating blade disk. Background Art

[0002] The vibration problem of rotating machinery has always been an important topic in the machinery industry. In particular, as the rotor speed of modern rotating machinery continues to increase, the vibration problem that directly affects the working efficiency and reliability of rotating machinery has become more prominent. An effective way to solve this problem is to perform high-precision dynamic and static balancing on its rotating part (i.e., the rotor). The purpose of the balancing theory is to achieve the coincidence of its main inertia axis with the rotation axis by changing the mass distribution of the rotor itself, thereby reducing the vibration of the rotating machinery. In the field of rotating machinery, the blade disk is a core component, and its health is directly related to the stable operation of the entire system.

[0003] Traditional blade disc detection methods mostly rely on contact sensors, which not only increases the risk of mechanical wear, but may also affect the normal operation of the equipment. There are limitations in data processing and analysis, and it is impossible to provide comprehensive maintenance recommendations and predictions of future development trends.

[0004] To this end, we propose a non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for rotating blades. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for a rotating blade disk.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, a non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Start the laser scanning system and ensure that the laser beam is aimed at the area to be measured on the rotating blade disk. By precisely controlling the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner, continuous scanning of the blade disk surface is achieved. During the scanning process, the laser beam interacts with the blade disk surface to generate reflected light.

[0008] Step 2: The reflected light signals are collected by photodetectors and converted into electrical signals, which are then amplified and preliminarily processed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The signals are then sent to the data acquisition system for digital processing to facilitate subsequent analysis and calculation.

[0009] Step 3: Use advanced signal processing algorithms to analyze the collected digital signals and extract vibration feature information. This can identify and separate the various vibration modes and frequency components generated by the blade disk during rotation. Through this vibration feature information, the health status and potential failure risks of the blade disk can be further analyzed.

[0010] Step 4: Compare the analysis results with the pre-set threshold to determine whether there is abnormal vibration of the blade disk. If the detected vibration characteristics exceed the normal range, the system will issue an alarm to prompt the operator to perform further inspection and maintenance. In addition, by comparing historical data, the wear trend of the blade disk can be predicted to achieve preventive maintenance. Finally, all measurement and analysis results will be recorded and stored in the database to provide data support for the long-term health monitoring and maintenance of the blade disk;

[0011] Step 5: Generate a maintenance recommendation report based on the analysis results and historical data. The report will list in detail the current status of the blade disk, potential risks, wear trend forecasts, and recommended maintenance schedules. This information will help engineers develop a reasonable maintenance plan to avoid sudden failures and ensure stable operation of the equipment. At the same time, the report will also provide a graphical data display so that non-professionals can also intuitively understand the health status of the blade disk.

[0012] Preferably, the precise control of the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner in the first step is achieved through a computer program, which can automatically adjust the scanning parameters according to the rotation speed of the blade disk and the size of the area to be measured to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the scanning. In addition, the scanning path of the laser scanner is designed to be spiral or annular to cover the entire area to be measured, ensuring that the vibration information of the blade disk surface is obtained without omission.

[0013] Preferably, the sensitivity of the photodetector and the gain of the amplifier in the second step can be adjusted according to the reflective characteristics of the leaf disk material to obtain the best signal quality. The data acquisition system uses a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to ensure that rapidly changing vibration signals can be captured and has sufficient storage space to save a large amount of measurement data.

[0014] Preferably, the signal processing algorithm in the third step can extract useful feature information from complex vibration signals and can adapt to different types of blades and different working conditions.

[0015] Preferably, in the fourth step, the system will automatically calculate one or more thresholds based on the vibration characteristics and historical data of the blade disk to determine whether there is abnormal vibration of the blade disk. The alarm system can be set to multiple modes, including sound alarms, light alarms and remote notifications, to ensure that operators can be notified in a timely manner.

[0016] Preferably, the maintenance recommendation report generated in the fifth step includes not only text descriptions but also charts, trend lines and prediction models to intuitively display the health status and future development trends of the blade disk.

[0017] Preferably, the specific formula of the signal processing algorithm in the third step is:

[0018] F(v)=∫P(v,t)e^(-i2πvt)dt

[0019] Among them, F(v) represents the Fourier transform of the vibration frequency v, P(v,t) is the power spectral density of the vibration signal at time t, and e^(-i2πvt) is a complex exponential function used to convert the time domain signal to the frequency domain. Through this formula, the vibration signal can be converted from the time domain to the frequency domain, thereby analyzing the vibration characteristics of the blade disk at different frequencies.

[0020] The present invention provides a non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for a rotating blade disk. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of the rotating blade disk avoids physical interference to the rotating blade disk by adopting non-contact measurement, thereby not affecting the normal operation of the blade disk, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement, not only improving the accuracy of detection, but also optimizing the maintenance process and reducing maintenance costs. This method is not only suitable for specific types of blade disks, but also has good versatility and adaptability, and can be widely used in vibration monitoring and analysis of various rotating machinery.

[0022] 2. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of the rotating blade disk can realize real-time monitoring of the vibration state of the blade disk through continuous scanning and real-time data acquisition, timely discover potential problems, and greatly improve the maintenance efficiency and safety of the equipment.

[0023] 3. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of the rotating blade disk can conduct in-depth analysis of the vibration mode of the blade disk by utilizing advanced signal processing algorithms and data analysis techniques, providing a scientific basis for equipment fault diagnosis and life prediction.

[0024] 4. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of the rotating blade disk provides maintenance personnel with intuitive and comprehensive information on the health status of the blade disk through the generated maintenance recommendation report, which helps to formulate more accurate and efficient maintenance plans and reduce unnecessary maintenance costs.

[0025] 5. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of the rotating blade disk ensures high resolution and high accuracy of the measurement data by precisely controlling the frequency and angle of the laser scanning. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Embodiment 1: A non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for a rotating blade disk specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the laser scanning system and ensure that the laser beam is aligned with the area to be measured of the rotating blade disk. By accurately controlling the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner, continuous scanning of the surface of the blade disk is achieved. During the scanning process, the laser beam interacts with the surface of the blade disk to generate reflected light; Step 2: Collect the reflected light signal through a photoelectric detector and convert it into an electrical signal. These electrical signals are then amplified and preliminarily processed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. The signal is then sent to a data acquisition system for digital processing to facilitate subsequent analysis and calculation; Step 3: Use advanced signal processing algorithms to analyze the collected digital signals and extract vibration feature information, which can identify and separate various vibration modes and frequency components generated by the blade disk during rotation. Through these vibration feature information, the health status of the blade disk can be further analyzed. The fourth step is to compare the analysis results with the preset threshold value to determine whether there is abnormal vibration of the blade disk. If the detected vibration characteristics exceed the normal range, the system will issue an alarm to prompt the operator to perform further inspection and maintenance. In addition, by comparing historical data, the wear trend of the blade disk can be predicted to achieve preventive maintenance. Finally, all measurement and analysis results will be recorded and stored in the database to provide data support for the long-term health monitoring and maintenance of the blade disk. The fifth step is to generate a maintenance recommendation report based on the analysis results and historical data. The report will list in detail the current status, potential risks, wear trend prediction and recommended maintenance schedule of the blade disk. This information will help engineers develop a reasonable maintenance plan to avoid sudden failures and ensure the stable operation of the equipment. At the same time, the report will also provide a graphical data display so that non-professionals can also intuitively understand the health status of the blade disk. In the first step, the precise control of the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner is achieved through a computer program. The program can automatically adjust the scanning parameters according to the rotation speed of the blade disk and the size of the area to be measured to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the scan. In addition, the scanning path of the laser scanner is designed to be spiral or annular to cover the entire area to be measured to ensure that the vibration information on the blade disk surface is obtained without omission. In the second step, the sensitivity of the photodetector and the gain of the amplifier can be adjusted according to the reflection characteristics of the blade disk material to obtain the best signal quality. The data acquisition system uses a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to ensure that it can capture rapidly changing vibration signals and has sufficient storage space to save a large amount of measurement data. In the third step, the signal processing algorithm can extract useful feature information from complex vibration signals and can adapt to different types of blade disks and different working conditions.In the fourth step, the system will automatically calculate one or more thresholds based on the vibration characteristics and historical data of the blade disc to determine whether the blade disc has abnormal vibration. The alarm system can be set to multiple modes, including sound alarms, light alarms, and remote notifications to ensure that operators can be notified in time. The maintenance recommendation report generated in the fifth step not only contains text descriptions, but also includes charts, trend lines, and predictive models to intuitively display the health status and future development trends of the blade disc. By adopting non-contact measurement, physical interference with the rotating blade disc is avoided, so that the normal operation of the blade disc will not be affected, and the accuracy and reliability of the measurement are guaranteed. It not only improves the accuracy of detection, but also optimizes the maintenance process and reduces maintenance costs. This method is not only suitable for specific types of blade discs, but also has good versatility and adaptability. It can be widely used in vibration monitoring and analysis of various rotating machinery.

[0027] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, the precise control of the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner in the first step is realized by a computer program, which can automatically adjust the scanning parameters according to the rotation speed of the blade disk and the size of the area to be tested to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the scanning. In addition, the scanning path of the laser scanner is designed to be spiral or annular to cover the entire area to be tested, ensuring that the vibration information of the blade disk surface is obtained without omission. Through continuous scanning and real-time data acquisition, the vibration state of the blade disk can be monitored in real time, potential problems can be discovered in time, and the maintenance efficiency and safety of the equipment can be greatly improved.

[0028] Embodiment 3: Based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the sensitivity of the photodetector and the gain of the amplifier in the second step can be adjusted according to the reflective characteristics of the blade disk material to obtain the best signal quality. The data acquisition system uses a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to ensure that the rapidly changing vibration signal can be captured and has sufficient storage space to save a large amount of measurement data. The signal processing algorithm in the third step can extract useful feature information from the complex vibration signal and can adapt to different types of blade disks and different working conditions. By using advanced signal processing algorithms and data analysis techniques, the vibration mode of the blade disk can be deeply analyzed, providing a scientific basis for equipment fault diagnosis and life prediction.

[0029] Embodiment 4: Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3, in the fourth step, the system will automatically calculate one or more thresholds based on the vibration characteristics and historical data of the blade disk to determine whether the blade disk has abnormal vibration. The alarm system can be set to multiple modes, including sound alarms, light alarms and remote notifications to ensure that operators can be notified in time. The maintenance recommendation report generated in the fifth step not only contains text descriptions, but also includes charts, trend lines and prediction models to intuitively display the health status and future development trends of the blade disk. The generated maintenance recommendation report provides maintenance personnel with intuitive and comprehensive information on the health status of the blade disk, which helps to formulate more accurate and efficient maintenance plans and reduce unnecessary maintenance costs.

[0030] Embodiment 5: Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4, the specific formula of the signal processing algorithm in the third step is:

[0031] F(v)=∫P(v,t)e^(-i2πvt)dt

[0032] Among them, F(v) represents the Fourier transform of the vibration frequency v, P(v,t) is the power spectrum density of the vibration signal at time t, and e^(-i2πvt) is a complex exponential function used to convert the time domain signal to the frequency domain. Through this formula, the vibration signal can be converted from the time domain to the frequency domain, thereby analyzing the vibration characteristics of the blade disk at different frequencies. By precisely controlling the frequency and angle of the laser scanning, the high resolution and high accuracy of the measurement data are ensured.

[0033] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: based on the laser Doppler effect, a rotating blade disk is continuously scanned in a non-contact manner, and a laser beam is emitted to the surface of the rotating blade disk. Due to the movement of the blade disk, the frequency of the reflected laser will change, and this change is proportional to the vibration speed of the blade disk surface. By detecting this frequency change, the vibration information of the blade disk surface can be obtained. By using a high-precision laser scanning system, accurate measurement of the vibration of the blade disk surface can be achieved, thereby analyzing the vibration mode and potential fault points of the blade disk. In addition, by real-time monitoring and analysis of vibration data, the wear trend and failure probability of the blade disk can be predicted, providing a scientific basis for maintenance decisions.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method for a rotating blade disk, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Start the laser scanning system and ensure that the laser beam is aimed at the area to be measured on the rotating blade disk. By precisely controlling the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner, continuous scanning of the blade disk surface is achieved. During the scanning process, the laser beam interacts with the blade disk surface to generate reflected light. Step 2: The reflected light signals are collected by photodetectors and converted into electrical signals, which are then amplified and preliminarily processed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The signals are then sent to the data acquisition system for digital processing to facilitate subsequent analysis and calculation. Step 3: Use advanced signal processing algorithms to analyze the collected digital signals and extract vibration feature information. This can identify and separate the various vibration modes and frequency components generated by the blade disk during rotation. Through this vibration feature information, the health status and potential failure risks of the blade disk can be further analyzed. Step 4: Compare the analysis results with the pre-set threshold to determine whether there is abnormal vibration of the blade disk. If the detected vibration characteristics exceed the normal range, the system will issue an alarm to prompt the operator to perform further inspection and maintenance. In addition, by comparing historical data, the wear trend of the blade disk can be predicted to achieve preventive maintenance. Finally, all measurement and analysis results will be recorded and stored in the database to provide data support for the long-term health monitoring and maintenance of the blade disk; Step 5: Generate a maintenance recommendation report based on the analysis results and historical data. The report will list in detail the current status of the blade disk, potential risks, wear trend forecasts, and recommended maintenance schedules. This information will help engineers develop a reasonable maintenance plan to avoid sudden failures and ensure stable operation of the equipment. At the same time, the report will also provide a graphical data display so that non-professionals can also intuitively understand the health status of the blade disk.

2. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precise control of the moving speed and direction of the laser scanner in the first step is achieved through a computer program, which can automatically adjust the scanning parameters according to the rotation speed of the blade disk and the size of the area to be tested to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the scanning. In addition, the scanning path of the laser scanner is designed to be spiral or annular to cover the entire area to be tested, ensuring that the vibration information of the blade disk surface is obtained without omission.

3. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second step, the sensitivity of the photodetector and the gain of the amplifier can be adjusted according to the reflective characteristics of the blade disk material to obtain the best signal quality. The data acquisition system uses a high-speed analog-to-digital converter to ensure that it can capture rapidly changing vibration signals and has sufficient storage space to save a large amount of measurement data.

4. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing algorithm in the third step can extract useful feature information from complex vibration signals and can adapt to different types of blades and different working conditions.

5. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fourth step, the system will automatically calculate one or more thresholds based on the vibration characteristics and historical data of the blade disk to determine whether there is abnormal vibration of the blade disk. The alarm system can be set to multiple modes, including sound alarms, light alarms and remote notifications to ensure that operators can be notified in time.

6. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance recommendation report generated in the fifth step includes not only text descriptions, but also charts, trend lines, and prediction models to intuitively display the health status and future development trends of the blade disk.

7. The non-contact continuous laser scanning vibration measurement method of a rotating blade disk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific formula of the signal processing algorithm in the third step is: F(v)=∫P(v,t)e^(-i2πvt)dt Among them, F(v) represents the Fourier transform of the vibration frequency v, P(v,t) is the power spectral density of the vibration signal at time t, and e^(-i2πvt) is a complex exponential function used to convert the time domain signal to the frequency domain. Through this formula, the vibration signal can be converted from the time domain to the frequency domain, thereby analyzing the vibration characteristics of the blade disk at different frequencies.