Sampling and separating device for saline-alkali soil detection

Abstract

The sampling and separating device comprises a base and a driving device, a container is arranged at the upper end of the base, a rotary drum penetrating through the top wall of the container is rotatably connected to the interior of the container, filter holes are distributed in the side wall of the rotary drum, a feeding opening is formed in the upper end of the rotary drum, and a discharging opening is formed in the lower end of the rotary drum. An end cover is detachably connected to the feeding port, discharging pipes are arranged at the lower end of the container and the lower end of the rotary drum respectively, a water pump with the water outlet end communicated with the interior of the rotary drum is arranged on the base, and a cleaner used for cleaning the inner wall of the rotary drum is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod. The driving device is used for driving the rotary drum to rotate and driving the cleaner to do reciprocating lifting motion; the rotary drum is driven by the driving device to rotate, the cleaner is driven by the driving device to do reciprocating lifting motion, the cleaner which does reciprocating lifting motion scrapes off sludge attached to the inner wall of the rotary drum in time, sewage is discharged, cleaning is convenient, the cleaning effect is good, and the follow-up detection result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to a sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil. Background Art

[0002] Soil is the foundation of agricultural production, and its quality directly affects the growth and yield of crops. Saline-alkali land is a type of salt accumulation, which means that the salt contained in the soil affects the normal growth of crops. According to incomplete statistics from UNESCO and FAO, the area of ​​saline-alkali land in the world is 954.38 million hectares, of which 99.13 million hectares are in my country. The formation of alkaline soil and alkaline soil in my country is mostly related to the accumulation of carbonates in the soil, so the alkalinity is generally high, and plants can hardly survive in areas with severe saline-alkali soil.

[0003] All kinds of saline-alkali soils are formed under certain natural conditions. The essence of their formation is mainly the horizontal and vertical redistribution of various soluble salts on the ground, so that salt gradually accumulates on the soil surface in salt-collecting areas. The main factors affecting the formation of saline-alkali soils are: climate conditions, geographical conditions, soil texture and the influence of groundwater, rivers and seawater, improper farming management, etc.

[0004] Soil salt content is an important indicator for determining saline-alkali land. Therefore, accurate detection of soil salt content is of great significance for agricultural production. The detection of soil salt content is usually based on the salt content in the soil solution, that is, the salt in the soil needs to be extracted. By utilizing the property that saline-alkali substances are easily soluble in water, the soil and water are mixed in a certain proportion, stirred and allowed to stand, and the upper clear liquid is taken for detection. However, the sampling and separation device for saline-alkali land soil detection in the prior art is difficult to clean after use, and sludge remains inside the device, which has an adverse effect on subsequent soil salt content detection and makes the test results unrepresentative. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the interior of the sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil is difficult to clean after use, and sludge remains inside the device, causing adverse effects on subsequent soil salt content detection, making the detection results unrepresentative.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil, comprising a base and a driving device, a container is arranged at the upper end of the base, a drum penetrating its top wall is rotatably connected inside the container, filter holes are arranged on the side wall of the drum, a feed port is arranged at the upper end of the drum, an end cover is detachably connected to the feed port, discharge pipes are arranged at the lower ends of the container and the drum, a water pump whose water outlet end is connected to the inside of the drum is arranged on the base, a water supply pipe and a return pipe connected to the container are connected to the water inlet end of the water pump, valves are arranged on the discharge pipe, the water supply pipe and the return pipe, respectively, a connecting rod is vertically slidably connected to the top wall of the drum, a cleaner for cleaning the inner wall of the drum is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod, and the driving device is used to drive the drum to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate and lift.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaner comprises a plurality of connecting rods fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, and a first cleaning brush is provided at the outer end of the connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the driving device includes an outer hollow rotating shaft rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the container, the upper end of the outer hollow rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, the lower end of the outer hollow rotating shaft is provided with a first driven drive, the water outlet end of the water pump is provided with an expansion pipe, the interior of the expansion pipe is rotatably connected to a water wheel, the water wheel is coaxially provided with a first driving bevel gear, the interior of the expansion pipe is rotatably connected to a first driven bevel gear meshing with the first driving bevel gear, the exterior of the expansion pipe is rotatably connected to a first driving pulley coaxially provided with the first driven bevel gear, and a first belt is transmission-connected between the first driving pulley and the first driven drive.

[0009] Preferably, the driving device also includes a second active bevel gear arranged on the outer hollow rotating shaft, an intermediate bevel gear rotatably connected to the side wall of the base and meshing with the second active bevel gear, a second active pulley is coaxially arranged on the intermediate bevel gear, a bracket is arranged at the upper end of the base, a turntable is rotatably connected to the bracket, a fixing pin is eccentrically arranged on the turntable, a waist-shaped groove matched with the fixing pin is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod, a second driven pulley is coaxially arranged on the turntable, and a second belt is transmission-connected between the second active pulley and the second driven pulley.

[0010] Preferably, the driving device also includes a guide tube connected to the expansion tube, a fixed plate is provided on the base, an inner hollow rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, the upper end of the inner hollow rotating shaft passes through the outer hollow rotating shaft and extends into the interior of the rotating drum, a stirring blade is arranged on the upper end of the inner hollow rotating shaft, the lower end of the inner hollow rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the guide tube, and a second driven bevel gear meshing with the intermediate bevel gear is provided on the inner hollow rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a second cleaning brush is provided on the stirring blade.

[0012] Preferably, a third cleaning brush is provided on the outer wall of the rotating drum.

[0013] Preferably, an observation window is provided on the container.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is provided with a base, a driving device, a container, a drum, a filter hole, a feed port, an end cover, a discharge pipe, a water pump, a water supply pipe, a return pipe, a valve, a connecting rod and a cleaner. When the device is cleaned after the soil salt content detection is completed, the valve on the water supply pipe is opened, and the water pump transports deionized water to the drum through the water supply pipe. After the deionized water fills the container, the valve on the water supply pipe is closed, and the valve on the return pipe is opened. The water pump drives the deionized water to circulate between the container and the drum to flush the inner walls of the drum and the container. The driving device drives the drum to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate. The reciprocating lifting cleaner promptly scrapes and flushes away the sludge attached to the inner wall of the drum. The valves on the two discharge pipes are opened to discharge the sewage. The cleaning is convenient and effective, so that the results of subsequent tests are more accurate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, when testing soil salt content, soil is placed in the drum from the feed port, the end cover is closed, the valve on the water supply pipe is opened, the water pump delivers deionized water to the drum through the water supply pipe, the valve on the water supply pipe is closed after the deionized water fills the container, the valve on the return pipe is opened, the water pump drives the soil solution to circulate between the container and the drum, the driving device drives the drum to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate, the rotation of the drum generates centrifugal force to dissolve the saline and alkaline substances in the soil in the water to form a soil solution, the reciprocating cleaner promptly scrapes off the sludge attached to the inner wall of the drum to fully contact with the soil solution, the soil solution gradually becomes concentrated during the circulation process, part of the concentrated solution remains in the container after standing, and the sludge remains in the drum, so that the soil solution and the sludge are separated, the valve on the drum is opened to receive the soil solution for soil salt content testing, the saline and alkaline substances in the soil are fully dissolved in the deionized water, and the test result is more representative. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the expanded diameter tube of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the first cleaning brush of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the waist-shaped groove structure from the right side of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1, base; 2, container; 3, drum; 4, outer hollow shaft; 5, discharge pipe; 6, filter hole; 7, water pump; 8, water supply pipe; 9, return pipe; 10, bracket; 11, turntable; 12, fixing pin; 13, connecting rod; 14, waist groove; 15, feed port; 16, end cover; 17, first cleaning brush; 18, expansion pipe; 19, first driven drive; 20, water wheel; 21, first active bevel gear; 2 2. First driven bevel gear; 23. First driving pulley; 24. First belt; 25. Second driving bevel gear; 26. Intermediate bevel gear; 27. Second driving pulley; 28. Second driven pulley; 29. ​​Second belt; 30. Guide tube; 31. Fixed plate; 32. Inner hollow shaft; 33. Stirring blade; 34. Second driven bevel gear; 35. Second cleaning brush; 36. Third cleaning brush; 37. Observation window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 to Figure 6As shown, a sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil comprises a base 1 and a driving device, wherein a container 2 is arranged at the upper end of the base 1, a drum 3 penetrating the top wall of the container 2 is rotatably connected inside the container 2, filter holes 6 are arranged on the side wall of the drum 3, a feed port 15 is arranged at the upper end of the drum 3, an end cover 16 is detachably connected to the feed port 15, a discharge pipe 5 is arranged at the lower end of the container 2 and the drum 3, respectively, a water pump 7 whose water outlet end is connected to the inside of the drum 3 is arranged on the base 1, a water supply pipe 8 and a return pipe 9 connected to the container 2 are connected to the water inlet end of the water pump 7, valves are arranged on the discharge pipe 5, the water supply pipe 8 and the return pipe 9, respectively, a connecting rod 13 is vertically slidably connected to the top wall of the drum 3, a cleaner for cleaning the inner wall of the drum 3 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod 13, and the driving device is used to drive the drum 3 to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate and lift.

[0025] Preferably, the cleaner includes a plurality of connecting rods 16 fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 13, and a first cleaning brush 17 is provided at the outer end of the connecting rod 16. The first cleaning brush 17 is an arc-shaped or annular structure.

[0026] When in use, soil is put into the drum 3 from the feed port 15, and then the end cover 16 is closed. The valve on the water supply pipe 8 is opened, and the water pump 7 delivers deionized water to the drum 3 through the water supply pipe 8. After the deionized water fills the container 2, the valve on the water supply pipe 8 is closed, and the valve on the return pipe 9 is opened. The water pump 7 drives the soil solution to circulate between the container 2 and the drum 3, and the driving device drives the drum 3 to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate. The rotation of the drum 3 generates centrifugal force to dissolve the saline and alkaline substances in the soil in the water to form a soil solution. The reciprocating cleaner promptly scrapes off the sludge attached to the inner wall of the drum 3 and fully contacts with the soil solution. The soil solution gradually becomes concentrated during the circulation process, and part of the concentrated solution remains in the container after standing. 2, while the sludge remains in the drum 3, so that the soil solution and the sludge are separated, the valve on the drum 3 is opened to receive the soil solution for soil salt content detection, and the device is cleaned after the detection is completed, and the valve on the water supply pipe 8 is opened. The water pump 7 transports deionized water to the drum 3 through the water supply pipe 8. After the deionized water fills the container 2, the valve on the water supply pipe 8 is closed, and the valve on the reflux pipe 9 is opened. The water pump 7 drives the deionized water to circulate between the container 2 and the drum 3 to flush the inner wall of the drum 3 and the container 2. The driving device drives the drum 3 to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate. The reciprocating cleaner promptly scrapes and flushes away the sludge attached to the inner wall of the drum 3, and the valves on the two discharge pipes 5 are opened to discharge the sewage.

[0027] Preferably, the driving device includes an outer hollow rotating shaft 4 rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the container 2, the upper end of the outer hollow rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating drum 3, the lower end of the outer hollow rotating shaft 4 is provided with a first driven drive 19, the water outlet end of the water pump 7 is provided with an expansion pipe 18, the inside of the expansion pipe 18 is rotatably connected to a water wheel 20, the water wheel 20 is coaxially provided with a first active bevel gear 21, the inside of the expansion pipe 18 is rotatably connected to a first driven bevel gear 22 meshing with the first active bevel gear 21, the outside of the expansion pipe 18 is rotatably connected to a first active pulley 23 coaxially provided with the first driven bevel gear 22, and a first belt 24 is transmission-connected between the first active pulley 23 and the first driven drive 19.

[0028] Specifically, when the water pump 7 is working, the water flow will drive the water wheel 20 in the expanded tube 18 to rotate, and the rotating water wheel 20 will drive the first active bevel gear 21 to rotate synchronously, and the first active bevel gear 21 will drive the first active pulley 23 to rotate through the first driven bevel gear 22, and the first active pulley 23 will drive the first driven pulley 19 to rotate through the first belt 24, and the first driven pulley 19 will drive the drum 3 to rotate through the outer hollow shaft 4, which will play a centrifugal role in the separation of saline-alkali substances in the soil and the cleaning of subsequent devices, so that the saline-alkali substances in the soil are completely separated, and the cleaning of subsequent devices is more thorough.

[0029] Preferably, the driving device also includes a second active bevel gear 25 arranged on the outer hollow rotating shaft 4, an intermediate bevel gear 26 meshing with the second active bevel gear 25 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base 1, and a second active pulley 27 is coaxially arranged on the intermediate bevel gear 26, a bracket 10 is arranged at the upper end of the base 1, a turntable 11 is rotatably connected to the bracket 10, a fixing pin 12 is eccentrically arranged on the turntable 11, a waist-shaped groove 14 adapted to the fixing pin 12 is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod 13, a second driven pulley 28 is coaxially arranged on the turntable 11, and a second belt 29 is transmission-connected between the second active pulley 27 and the second driven pulley 28.

[0030] Specifically, the rotation of the outer hollow shaft 4 will drive the intermediate bevel gear 26 to rotate, and the intermediate bevel gear 26 will drive the second active pulley 27 to rotate. The second active pulley 27 drives the second driven pulley 28 to rotate through the second belt 29. The second driven pulley 28 drives the fixed pin 12 on the turntable 11 to rotate. The fixed pin 12 drives the cleaner to perform reciprocating lifting and lowering motion inside the drum 3 through the waist-shaped groove 14. In the detection stage, the soil solution inside the drum 3 forms an unstable flow, so that the saline and alkaline substances in the soil are fully dissolved in the deionized water. In the cleaning stage, the first cleaning brush 17 cleans the inner wall of the drum 3.

[0031] In order to achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of the detection results, preferably, the driving device also includes a guide tube 30 connected to the expansion tube 18, a fixed plate 31 is provided on the base 1, and an inner hollow rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 31, the upper end of the inner hollow rotating shaft 32 passes through the outer hollow rotating shaft 4 and extends into the interior of the drum 3, a stirring blade 33 is arranged on the upper end of the inner hollow rotating shaft 32, the lower end of the inner hollow rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the guide tube 30, and a second driven bevel gear 34 meshing with the intermediate bevel gear 26 is provided on the inner hollow rotating shaft 32.

[0032] Specifically, during the detection stage, the rotation of the middle bevel gear 26 will drive the second driven bevel gear 34 to rotate, the second driven bevel gear 34 will drive the inner hollow shaft 32 to rotate, and the inner hollow shaft 32 will drive the stirring blade 33 to rotate, stirring the soil solution, which is beneficial for the deionized water to fully contact with the soil, so that the saline and alkaline substances in the soil can be fully dissolved in the deionized water, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0033] In order to improve the cleaning effect of the device, preferably, a second cleaning brush 35 is provided on the stirring blade 33 .

[0034] Specifically, in the cleaning stage, the second cleaning brush 35 rotates with the stirring blade 33 to scrub the inner bottom wall of the rotating drum 3 , which is beneficial to improving the cleaning effect of the rotating drum 3 .

[0035] In order to improve the cleaning effect of the device, preferably, a third cleaning brush 36 is provided on the outer wall of the drum 3 .

[0036] Specifically, in the cleaning stage, the third cleaning brush 36 rotates with the drum 3 to scrub the inner wall of the container 2 , which is beneficial to improving the cleaning effect of the container 2 .

[0037] Preferably, an observation window 37 is provided on the container 2 , and the observation window 37 is made of a transparent material, through which the soil dissolution situation can be observed in time.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is provided with a base 1, a driving device, a container 2, a drum 3, a filter hole 6, a feed port 15, an end cover 16, a discharge pipe 5, a water pump 7, a water supply pipe 8, a return pipe 9, a valve, a connecting rod 13 and a cleaner. When the device is cleaned after the soil salt content detection is completed, the valve on the water supply pipe 8 is opened, and the water pump 7 delivers deionized water to the drum 3 through the water supply pipe 8. After the deionized water fills the container 2, the valve on the water supply pipe 8 is closed, and the valve on the return pipe 9 is opened. The water pump 7 drives the deionized water to circulate between the container 2 and the drum 3 to flush the inner wall of the drum 3 and the container 2. The driving device drives the drum 3 to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate. The reciprocating lifting cleaner promptly scrapes and washes away the sludge attached to the inner wall of the drum 3. The valves on the two discharge pipes 5 are opened to discharge the sewage. The cleaning is convenient and effective, so that the results of subsequent detection are more accurate.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, when soil salt content is detected, soil is placed in the drum 3 from the feed port 15, and then the end cover 16 is closed. The valve on the water supply pipe 8 is opened, and the water pump 7 delivers deionized water to the drum 3 through the water supply pipe 8. After the deionized water fills the container 2, the valve on the water supply pipe 8 is closed, and the valve on the return pipe 9 is opened. The water pump 7 drives the soil solution to circulate between the container 2 and the drum 3, and the driving device drives the drum 3 to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate. The rotation of the drum 3 generates centrifugal force to dissolve the saline and alkaline substances in the soil in the water to form a soil solution. The reciprocating and lifting cleaner promptly scrapes off the sludge attached to the inner wall of the drum 3 to fully contact with the soil solution. The soil solution gradually becomes concentrated during the circulation process. After standing, part of the concentrated solution remains in the container 2, while the sludge remains in the drum 3, so that the soil solution and the sludge are separated. The valve on the drum 3 is opened to receive the soil solution for soil salt content detection. The saline and alkaline substances in the soil are fully dissolved in the deionized water, and the detection result is more representative.

[0040] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil, comprising a base (1) and a driving device, characterized in that: A container (2) is provided at the upper end of the base (1), a drum (3) penetrating the top wall of the container (2) is rotatably connected to the interior of the container (2), filter holes (6) are arranged on the side wall of the drum (3), a feed port (15) is provided at the upper end of the drum (3), an end cover (16) is detachably connected to the feed port (15), discharge pipes (5) are provided at the lower ends of the container (2) and the drum (3), and a water outlet (5) is provided on the base (1) so as to communicate with the interior of the drum (3). A pump (7), the water inlet end of the water pump (7) is connected to a water supply pipe (8) and a return pipe (9) connected to the container (2), the discharge pipe (5), the water supply pipe (8) and the return pipe (9) are respectively provided with valves, a connecting rod (13) is vertically slidably connected to the top wall of the rotating drum (3), the lower end of the connecting rod (13) is provided with a cleaner for cleaning the inner wall of the rotating drum (3), and the driving device is used to drive the rotating drum (3) to rotate and the cleaner to reciprocate and lift.

2. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaner comprises a plurality of connecting rods (16) fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod (13), and a first cleaning brush (17) is arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod (16).

3. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The driving device comprises an outer hollow rotating shaft (4) rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the container (2); the upper end of the outer hollow rotating shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the rotating drum (3); the lower end of the outer hollow rotating shaft (4) is provided with a first driven drive (19); the water outlet end of the water pump (7) is provided with an expansion pipe (18); the inside of the expansion pipe (18) is rotatably connected to a water wheel (20); the water wheel (20) is coaxially provided with a first active bevel gear (21); the inside of the expansion pipe (18) is rotatably connected to a first driven bevel gear (22) meshing with the first active bevel gear (21); the outside of the expansion pipe (18) is rotatably connected to a first active pulley (23) coaxially provided with the first driven bevel gear (22); a first belt (24) is transmission-connected between the first active pulley (23) and the first driven drive (19).

4. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving device further comprises a second active bevel gear (25) arranged on the outer hollow rotating shaft (4); an intermediate bevel gear (26) meshing with the second active bevel gear (25) is rotatably connected on the side wall of the base (1); a second active pulley (27) is coaxially arranged on the intermediate bevel gear (26); a bracket (10) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1); a rotating disk (11) is rotatably connected to the bracket (10); a fixing pin (12) is eccentrically arranged on the rotating disk (11); a waist-shaped groove (14) matched with the fixing pin (12) is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod (13); a second driven pulley (28) is coaxially arranged on the rotating disk (11); a second belt (29) is transmission-connected between the second active pulley (27) and the second driven pulley (28).

5. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving device further comprises a guide tube (30) connected to the expansion tube (18); a fixing plate (31) is provided on the base (1); an inner hollow rotating shaft (32) is rotatably connected to the fixing plate (31); the upper end of the inner hollow rotating shaft (32) passes through the outer hollow rotating shaft (4) and extends into the interior of the rotating drum (3); a stirring blade (33) is arranged at the upper end of the inner hollow rotating shaft (32); the lower end of the inner hollow rotating shaft (32) is rotatably connected to the guide tube (30); and a second driven bevel gear (34) meshing with the intermediate bevel gear (26) is provided on the inner hollow rotating shaft (32).

6. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second cleaning brush (35) is provided on the stirring blade (33).

7. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third cleaning brush (36) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating drum (3).

8. The sampling and separation device for detecting saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container (2) is provided with an observation window (37).

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