Method for detecting moisture regain and moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables
Through nuclear magnetic resonance detection technology, the moisture absorption rate, efficiency and rate of fruits and vegetables is detected, which solves the problem of large detection errors in the prior art and realizes an accurate assessment of the moisture absorption of fruits and vegetables.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411960021.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to accurately detect the dynamic changes in moisture after dry fruits and vegetables are restored to moisture, resulting in large errors in moisture absorption rate, and it is impossible to effectively evaluate the shelf life and taste changes of dry fruits and vegetables.
Using nuclear magnetic resonance detection technology, the moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption rate of dried fruits and vegetables were calculated by performing T2 spectral detection of dried fruits and vegetables by combining the water standard sample curve and sample quality at the end of moisture absorption.
It realizes accurate detection of the moisture absorption of dry fruits and vegetables, and has the characteristics of good stability, small error, high accuracy and high sensitivity, and can effectively evaluate the shelf life and taste changes of dry fruits and vegetables.
Smart Images
Figure CN119827551A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of core crude oil exploitation, and in particular to a method for detecting moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables. Background Art
[0002] Fruits and vegetables are an indispensable part of human life, and consumers have high requirements for their freshness and taste. However, it is difficult to preserve the original flavor of fruits and vegetables for a long time using traditional preservation technology. Vacuum freeze-drying technology is a new method for preserving and processing fruits and vegetables. It achieves the purpose of drying by sublimating the water in the food, thus avoiding the hardening of the food surface, shortening the drying time, and reducing the apparent density of the food. In addition, due to its vacuum and low-temperature processing conditions, it can preserve heat-sensitive and easily oxidized active ingredients to the maximum extent, so vacuum freeze-drying technology can minimize the loss of food nutrients and changes in color and shape.
[0003] Apples are rich in dietary fiber and vitamins, which can reduce the risk of colon cancer. They are recognized as one of the healthiest fruits with the highest nutritional value. Moreover, vacuum freeze-dried apple slices have good quality in taste and flavor. They are light, easy to carry, and have high nutritional value. They are favored by consumers for their low fat content, high cellulose content, and green, natural and healthy characteristics. However, most freeze-dried apple slices sold on the market are packaged in bags. When they are unpacked or eaten, or because of the different packaging materials, the freeze-dried apple slices are affected by the environment and absorb moisture, which causes the freeze-dried apple slices to absorb moisture and become soft, and the taste becomes worse, and even mold may occur, shortening the shelf life of the product. At present, the moisture absorption rate is only tested by weighing method, which is relatively simple and cannot determine the dynamic changes in moisture content of freeze-dried apple slices after moisture absorption, and the moisture absorption rate error is large. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables. The oil-water saturated core obtained by the displacement method provided by the present invention is the same as the conditions at the oil field mining site, and the displacement efficiency obtained by gas displacement is basically the same as the actual displacement efficiency of the core crude oil during the on-site mining process, providing accurate data support for oil field on-site production activities.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] The present invention provides a method for detecting moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables, comprising the following steps:
[0007] The dried fruits and vegetables are subjected to moisture absorption to obtain moisture absorption samples, and the mass of the moisture absorption samples at the end of moisture absorption is obtained;
[0008] The dried fruits and vegetables and the hygroscopic samples were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection respectively to obtain the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables and the T2 spectrum of the hygroscopic samples;
[0009] According to the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables, the T2 spectrum of the moisture absorption sample, the water standard sample curve and the mass of the moisture absorption sample at the end of moisture absorption, the moisture absorption result of the dried fruits and vegetables is obtained;
[0010] The water standard sample curve takes the mass of the water standard sample as the independent variable and takes the corresponding nuclear magnetic signal amount as the dependent variable.
[0011] Preferably, the conditions of the nuclear magnetic resonance detection include: a resonance frequency of 23Mz, a magnet strength of 0.50±0.02T, a coil diameter of 25-150mm, a magnet temperature of 32-35°C, a sampling frequency of 250KHz, a waiting time of 3000ms, an analog gain of 20db, a digital gain of 3, an accumulation time of 16, an echo time of 0.102ms, a number of echoes of 10000, and a pre-stage gear of 2.
[0012] Preferably, the evaluation index of the moisture absorption result includes one or more of moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption speed.
[0013] Preferably, the calculation formula of the moisture absorption rate is as follows: moisture absorption rate = nuclear magnetic conversion water volume / mass of the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
[0014] Preferably, the calculation formula of the moisture absorption efficiency is as follows: moisture absorption efficiency = water volume converted by nuclear magnetic resonance signal / water volume converted by the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
[0015] Preferably, the calculation formula of the moisture absorption rate is as follows: moisture absorption rate = (change in nuclear magnetic signal per unit time / 14304) / amount of water converted into the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
[0016] Preferably, the method for obtaining the water standard sample calibration curve comprises the following steps:
[0017] A series of water standard samples with different masses were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection respectively, and the calibration curve of water standard samples was drawn with the mass of water standard samples as the independent variable and the corresponding nuclear magnetic signal as the dependent variable.
[0018] Preferably, the mass of the series of water standard samples is 0-16 g respectively.
[0019] Preferably, the masses of the series of water standard samples are 0 g, 0.8 g, 4 g, 8 g and 16 g respectively.
[0020] Preferably, the conditions of the nuclear magnetic resonance detection include: a resonance frequency of 23Mz, a magnet strength of 0.50±0.02T, a coil diameter of 25-150mm, a magnet temperature of 32-35°C, a sampling frequency of 250KHz, a waiting time of 3000ms, an analog gain of 20db, a digital gain of 3, an accumulation time of 16, an echo time of 0.102ms, a number of echoes of 10000, and a pre-stage gear of 2.
[0021] The present invention utilizes nuclear magnetic resonance detection technology, based on the excellent capture ability of nuclear magnetic resonance for hydrogen signals, to determine the dynamic changes in moisture content of dried fruits and vegetables after moisture absorption. The detection method has the characteristics of good stability, small error, high accuracy, high sensitivity, simple operation, high efficiency and reliability, and solves the problems of singleness and large error in existing moisture absorption rate detection and evaluation methods, and provides a highly sensitive, green and environmentally friendly detection method for studying the use of different surface coating agents and packaging materials to prevent moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables. The detection method provided by the present invention can detect the dynamic changes in moisture content in the sample, and can also provide technical support for the study of the moisture-proof and moisture-absorption mechanism of dried fruits and vegetables.
[0022] Compared with the traditional weighing method, the detection method provided by the present invention can simultaneously obtain multiple moisture absorption and resorption indices such as moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption speed and moisture absorption efficiency, and can provide multi-faceted data support for research related to moisture absorption and resorption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 The NMR T2 spectra of the freeze-dried apple slices in Example 1 at different moisture absorption time points;
[0024] Figure 2 The water standard sample calibration curve in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present invention provides a method for detecting moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables, comprising the following steps:
[0026] The dried fruits and vegetables are subjected to moisture absorption to obtain moisture absorption samples, and the mass of the moisture absorption samples at the end of moisture absorption is obtained;
[0027] The dried fruits and vegetables and the hygroscopic samples were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection respectively to obtain the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables and the T2 spectrum of the hygroscopic samples;
[0028] According to the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables, the T2 spectrum of the moisture absorption sample, the water standard sample curve and the mass of the moisture absorption sample at the end of moisture absorption, the moisture absorption result of the dried fruits and vegetables is obtained;
[0029] The water standard sample curve takes the mass of the water standard sample as the independent variable and takes the corresponding nuclear magnetic signal amount as the dependent variable.
[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and equipment used in the present invention are all commercially available products in the art.
[0031] The present invention absorbs moisture from dried fruits and vegetables to obtain a moisture absorption sample, and obtains the mass of the moisture absorption sample at the end of moisture absorption. The present invention has no special limitation on the dried fruits and vegetables, and dried fruits or dried vegetables well known to those skilled in the art can be used, such as dried apples. In the present invention, the dried fruits and vegetables preferably include freeze-dried dried fruits and vegetables, dried dried fruits and vegetables, or baked dried fruits and vegetables. In the present invention, the moisture absorption is preferably carried out under constant temperature and humidity conditions, and the moisture absorption temperature is preferably 20 to 35°C, and in a specific embodiment, it can be 20°C, 25°C, 30°C or 35°C; the moisture absorption humidity is preferably 50 to 90%, and in a specific embodiment, it can be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%; the moisture absorption time is preferably 0 to 120h (and not 0), and in a specific embodiment, it can be 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h, 8h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h.
[0032] The present invention performs nuclear magnetic resonance detection on dried fruits and vegetables and hygroscopic samples respectively to obtain the T2 spectrum of dried fruits and vegetables and the T2 spectrum of hygroscopic samples. In the present invention, the conditions of the nuclear magnetic resonance detection preferably include: the resonance frequency is 23Mz; the magnet strength is 0.50±0.02T; the coil diameter is 25-150mm, which can be 25mm, 60mm, 100mm or 150mm in a specific embodiment; the magnet temperature is 32-35°C, which can be 32°C, 33°C, 34°C or 35°C in a specific embodiment; the sampling frequency is 250KHz, the waiting time is 3000ms, the analog gain is 20db, the digital gain is 3, the cumulative number is 16, the echo time is 0.102ms, the number of echoes is 10000, and the pre-release gear is 2. In the present invention, the raw tape is preferably used to wrap the dried fruit and vegetable samples to be tested during the nuclear magnetic resonance detection to prevent water loss during the test. The detection method provided by the present invention can complete the entire test process within 1 to 2 minutes, and the test speed for moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables is fast and time-saving.
[0033] After obtaining the T2 spectrum of dried fruits and vegetables, the T2 spectrum of the hygroscopic sample, the water standard sample curve and the mass of the hygroscopic sample at the end of moisture absorption, the present invention obtains the moisture absorption results of the dried fruits and vegetables according to the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables, the T2 spectrum of the hygroscopic sample, the water standard sample curve and the mass of the hygroscopic sample at the end of moisture absorption; the water standard sample curve takes the mass of the water standard sample as the independent variable and the corresponding nuclear magnetic resonance signal amount as the dependent variable.
[0034] In the present invention, the method for obtaining the calibration curve of the water standard sample preferably includes the following steps: performing nuclear magnetic resonance detection on a series of water standard samples of different masses, taking the mass of the water standard sample as the independent variable and the corresponding nuclear magnetic signal amount as the dependent variable, drawing the calibration curve of the water standard sample, and obtaining a linear regression equation. In the present invention, the mass of the series of water standard samples of different masses is preferably 0 to 16g, and in a specific embodiment can be 0g, 0.8g, 4g, 8g and 16g. In the present invention, the conditions of the nuclear magnetic resonance detection are preferably the same as the conditions of the aforementioned nuclear magnetic resonance detection. In the present invention, the water standard sample is preferably a water standard sample supporting a nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer.
[0035] In the present invention, the evaluation index of the moisture absorption result preferably includes one or more of moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption speed.
[0036] In the present invention, the calculation formula of the moisture absorption rate is preferably as follows: moisture absorption rate = nuclear magnetic conversion water volume / mass of the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
[0037] In the present invention, the calculation formula of the moisture absorption efficiency is preferably as follows: moisture absorption efficiency = water volume converted by nuclear magnetic resonance signal / water volume converted by the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
[0038] In the present invention, the calculation formula of the moisture absorption rate is preferably as follows: moisture absorption rate = (change in nuclear magnetic signal per unit time / 14304) / amount of water converted into the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
[0039] The present invention utilizes nuclear magnetic resonance detection technology, based on the excellent capture ability of nuclear magnetic resonance for hydrogen signals, to determine the dynamic changes in moisture content of dried fruits and vegetables after moisture absorption. The detection method has the characteristics of good stability, small error, high accuracy, high sensitivity, simple operation, high efficiency and reliability, and solves the problems of singleness and large error in existing moisture absorption rate detection and evaluation methods, and provides a highly sensitive, green and environmentally friendly detection method for studying the use of different surface coating agents and packaging materials to prevent moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables. The detection method provided by the present invention can detect the dynamic changes in moisture content in the sample, and can also provide technical support for the study of the moisture-proof and moisture-absorption mechanism of dried fruits and vegetables.
[0040] Compared with the traditional weighing method, the detection method provided by the present invention can simultaneously obtain multiple moisture absorption and resorption indices such as moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption speed and moisture absorption efficiency, and can provide multi-faceted data support for research related to moisture absorption and resorption.
[0041] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the detection method for moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0042] In the following examples, the freeze-dried apple slices are purchased freeze-dried apple slices with intact packaging.
[0043] NMR test conditions: NMR analyzer MesoMR23-060H-I: produced by Suzhou Newmai Analytical Instrument Co., Ltd., resonance frequency 23Mz, magnet strength 0.50T±0.02T, coil diameter 60mm, magnet temperature 32±0.02℃, sampling frequency (SW) 250KHz, waiting time (TW) 3000ms, analog gain (RG1) 20db, digital gain (DRG1) 3, cumulative number (NS) 16, echo time (TE) 0.102ms, number of echoes (NECH) 10000, pre-release gear (PRG) 2. During the test, the sample is placed in the sample slot of the NMR analyzer, and the corresponding NMR signal is collected using the NMR analysis software. The NMR analyzer is equipped with a water standard sample.
[0044] Example 1
[0045] (1) Environmental simulation storage: The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity chamber was set at 25°C and the humidity was 75%. Six freeze-dried apple slices of uniform size were selected and placed in the constant temperature and humidity chamber. The slices were taken out at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h, wrapped with raw tape, and subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection. The moisture absorption spectra of the freeze-dried apple samples at different times were obtained, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 After the test was completed, the raw tape was immediately removed and put back into the constant temperature and humidity chamber. After the last NMR test, the mass of the hygroscopic apple dry sample was weighed.
[0046] (2) Develop a calibration line for determining water content: Select five water standard samples of different weights (water contents are 0 g, 0.8 g, 4 g, 8 g and 16 g), perform NMR detection on each sample, and plot a calibration curve for water standard samples with the mass of the water standard samples as the abscissa and the corresponding NMR signal as the ordinate. See Figure 2 , we get the linear regression equation: y = 14304x, R 2 =0.9997.
[0047] (3) The freeze-dried apple slices stored at different times were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection, and the collected nuclear magnetic signal was substituted into the water standard sample calibration curve to obtain the moisture absorption of each sample at each moisture absorption time point. The evaluation indexes of moisture absorption of freeze-dried apple slices were calculated based on the nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum, the water standard sample calibration curve and the sample mass at the end of moisture absorption, including moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption rate.
[0048] (4) The weight and NMR signal of the six samples after 120 h of moisture absorption were converted into the mass of water, as shown in Table 1. The moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption rate were calculated with 120 h as the moisture absorption saturation point.
[0049] Table 1 Moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption rate
[0050] 120h moisture absorption sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hygroscopic mass / g 2.96 2.52 2.79 2.52 2.40 2.42 NMR signal converted to water mass / g 0.48 0.41 0.47 0.43 0.41 0.40
[0051] Moisture absorption rate = NMR converted water volume / M 120 ×100%, where M 120 is the mass of the sample after absorbing moisture for 120 hours. The moisture absorption rate results are shown in Table 2.
[0052] Moisture absorption efficiency = NMR signal converted water volume / G 120 × 100%, where G 120 The NMR signal measured at 120 h was substituted into the standard curve to calculate the mass of absorbed water. The moisture absorption efficiency results are shown in Table 3.
[0053] Moisture absorption rate = (NMR signal change per unit time / 14304) / G 120 × 100%, where G 120 The NMR signal measured at 120 h was substituted into the standard curve to calculate the mass of the inhaled water. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0054] Table 2 Freeze-dried apple slices moisture absorption test results
[0055] Moisture absorption time / h Sample No. 1 Sample No. 2 Sample No. 3 Sample No. 4 Sample No. 5 Sample No. 6 Standard Deviation 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.5 3.61 3.55 3.67 3.69 3.80 3.69 0.08 1 5.00 5.18 5.49 5.44 5.58 5.38 0.22 2 7.41 7.57 8.00 7.83 7.94 7.77 0.22 4 10.55 10.76 11.37 11.42 11.37 11.21 0.37 8 12.66 13.11 13.58 13.73 13.85 13.51 0.44 24 13.43 13.94 14.50 14.58 14.78 14.38 0.50 48 13.73 14.09 14.73 14.83 14.93 14.65 0.48 72 14.11 14.40 15.08 15.15 15.25 14.92 0.46 96 14.27 14.59 15.39 15.44 15.49 15.18 0.51 120 14.98 14.98 15.74 15.83 15.94 15.66 0.43
[0056] Table 3 Freeze-dried apple slices moisture absorption efficiency test results
[0057] Moisture absorption time / h Sample No. 1 Sample No. 2 Sample No. 3 Sample No. 4 Sample No. 5 Sample No. 6 Standard Deviation 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.5 22.65 22.65 21.72 21.69 22.02 21.85 0.45 1 31.39 30.94 32.44 32.03 32.38 31.88 0.58 2 46.53 46.53 47.30 46.07 46.07 46.06 0.49 4 66.24 66.24 67.23 67.17 65.96 66.40 0.53 8 79.46 79.46 80.26 80.78 80.34 80.06 0.52 24 84.30 84.30 85.71 85.78 85.71 85.20 0.70 48 86.14 86.14 87.10 87.26 86.60 86.80 0.47 72 88.56 88.56 89.17 89.11 88.44 88.40 0.34 96 89.53 89.53 90.99 90.85 89.82 89.94 0.65 120 94.01 94.01 93.04 93.14 92.45 92.81 0.64
[0058] Table 4 Freeze-dried apple slices moisture absorption rate test results
[0059] Moisture absorption time / h Sample No. 1 Sample No. 2 Sample No. 3 Sample No. 4 Sample No. 5 Sample No. 6 Standard Deviation 0～0.5 57.28 57.45 57.34 57.10 59.15 58.07 0.77 0.5～1 37.38 38.92 39.40 38.89 39.93 39.07 0.86 1～2 26.26 26.91 27.13 26.46 26.81 26.62 0.32 2～4 18.06 18.42 18.55 18.51 18.38 18.40 0.17 4～8 10.68 11.05 10.90 10.95 10.99 10.91 0.13 8～24 3.84 3.90 3.86 3.86 3.89 3.85 0.02 24～48 1.88 1.97 1.96 1.96 1.96 1.96 0.03 48～72 1.31 1.34 1.34 1.33 1.33 1.33 0.01 72～96 1.04 1.02 1.02 1.04 1.01 1.01 0.01 96～120 0.80 0.83 0.83 0.81 0.83 0.83 0.02
[0060] As shown in Tables 2 to 4, the present invention uses low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology to efficiently and quickly test the moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption rate of freeze-dried apples to evaluate their moisture absorption.
[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for detecting moisture absorption of dried fruits and vegetables, comprising the following steps: The dried fruits and vegetables are subjected to moisture absorption to obtain moisture absorption samples, and the mass of the moisture absorption samples at the end of moisture absorption is obtained; The dried fruits and vegetables and the hygroscopic samples were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection respectively to obtain the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables and the T2 spectrum of the hygroscopic samples; According to the T2 spectrum of the dried fruits and vegetables, the T2 spectrum of the moisture absorption sample, the water standard sample curve and the mass of the moisture absorption sample at the end of moisture absorption, the moisture absorption result of the dried fruits and vegetables is obtained; The water standard sample curve takes the mass of the water standard sample as the independent variable and takes the corresponding nuclear magnetic signal amount as the dependent variable.
2. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions of the nuclear magnetic resonance detection include: a resonance frequency of 23Mz, a magnet strength of 0.50±0.02T, a coil diameter of 25-150mm, a magnet temperature of 32-35°C, a sampling frequency of 250KHz, a waiting time of 3000ms, an analog gain of 20db, a digital gain of 3, an accumulation number of 16, an echo time of 0.102ms, a number of echoes of 10000, and a pre-amplification gear of 2.
3. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation index of the moisture absorption result includes one or more of moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption efficiency and moisture absorption speed.
4. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the moisture absorption rate is as follows: moisture absorption rate = nuclear magnetic conversion water volume / mass of the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
5. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the moisture absorption efficiency is as follows: moisture absorption efficiency = water volume converted by nuclear magnetic resonance signal / water volume converted by the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested × 100%.
6. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the moisture absorption rate is as follows: moisture absorption rate = (change in nuclear magnetic signal per unit time / 14304) / water conversion amount of the dry fruit and vegetable sample to be tested×100%.
7. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the water standard sample calibration curve comprises the following steps: A series of water standard samples with different masses were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance detection respectively, and the calibration curve of water standard samples was drawn with the mass of water standard samples as the independent variable and the corresponding nuclear magnetic signal as the dependent variable.
8. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The masses of the series of water standard samples are respectively 0-16 g.
9. The detection method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The masses of the series of water standard samples are 0 g, 0.8 g, 4 g, 8 g and 16 g respectively.
10. The detection method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The conditions of the nuclear magnetic resonance detection include: a resonance frequency of 23Mz, a magnet strength of 0.50±0.02T, a coil diameter of 25-150mm, a magnet temperature of 32-35°C, a sampling frequency of 250KHz, a waiting time of 3000ms, an analog gain of 20db, a digital gain of 3, an accumulation number of 16, an echo time of 0.102ms, a number of echoes of 10000, and a pre-amplification gear of 2.